E=A sin ⁡2 π ( x

λ
1 2
−vt ¿ KE=eV = mv λ swL=
2
12.40 ×103
V
m
I cont. spectrum = AiZ V I K line =Bi ( V −V K )
n

¿ K α 1 :0.709 Å Kα 2 :∧¿ 0.714 K 1

¿ BCC=
√3 a ,
2
−d I −()
μ
ρx
μ hc ,d = a CV
√ 2 I x= μ
ρ 3 3
=μ d x I z =I 0 e =k λ Z ,W K =h v K = 2,
√ h +k +l ¿ FCC= 2 a ,
hkl 2 2
I ρ λK
¿ HCP=a

Kλ kλ
W α =S α ¿ ¿, β t =β D + β ε , β D = β ε =4 ε tan θ y= βt cos θ , m=e , D=
Dcos ⁡θ c

KE=hv−BE−Φspec , Lcoll =
kT
1.414 p σ coll
, t m=
4
(
2 ,e ( V 2−V 1 )=e Δ V =E0
Nv d m
R2 R 1
− )1
= E
R1 R 2 k s 0

ΔE w 1 2
= + ( Δα e ) , Eb =hv−E kin−Φ A , Eb v ( j ) =−ε HF ( j ) −R a ( j ),α AP=E k ( W , X , Y )−E k ( W )
E 2 R0 4

λ=
h
,v=
2 eU
√, λ=
h
=
h
4 Ie Je

√ √ eU , β= 2 2 2 = 2 [ Ac m s r ],
mo v mo −2 −1

( )
2
v
mo v 1− 2 2 mo eU 1+ 2 π Do α o π α o
c 2 mo c

√
1 |v| 4I 1 1.22 λ 0.0276 A 1.67 I t I 25 f
hf =ϕ + = d o= 2 2 , d s= C s α 3 , d d = , R= 0.89 Eo [ μ m] , n = e = e , I e in >
2 mV M u
2,
π βα 2 ,α Z ρ o
e Np∫e m
q
2
0.0276 A 1.67 dσ Z
R= 0.89
Eo [ μ m ] ∝
, Z ρ d Ω 2 4θ,
Eo sin
2

( ) (
cos θ 1 3 −t

( )
η ( Z ,0 ) h
2
Z ρ CA NA t It
η ( Z , θ )=0.89
0.89
V (r )= ∑
2 π mo e g
❑ F g (θ ) e
−2 πig⋅r
, B=0.198
E A
2 2
t ,
CB
=k AB
NB
, P0=e λ , =ln
λ I
,

4
( V 0−V m )
( )[
−ωpt
Δ f 0 −∇ F I stokes r E ∂α
z= A e 2l
cos ( ω hom t ) , = = μ=α 0 E max cos ⁡{ ω in t } + max max cos ⁡{( ωin +ω vib ) t }+
f0 2 k I Antistokes [ V +V ) h
2 ∂r
0 m

( )
T
E t3 w f res 1 Q Ssample
¿ ∫ ❑ F ∙ v dt=∫ F ∙ d Z k N = BW = τ= = k sample =k lever
0 4 L' 3 2Q 2 π BW π f res S∞ −S lever

Δ f 0 −∇ F t ¿ D
, F frict =−mω 0 / Q z ,
'
= , =M , M = V +1( eye), Δv > 0=Stoke, RS100 – 4000 cm-1
f0 2 k ( f o∗f e ) f

1 k
2 πc u √
TEM=ES,C0InphaseFWD,<10,IES<1,C1,SpotS,C2=Dia,Obj=image,BF,smallObVac=Tran,DF=Dif,ZContr=HADF,Sam<10

0nm,Cond+electro,InsuCOm=ionthining,FIB=Ga,ASF=Ampl,Specimen=Polepieces(backfplane),OL=FD,1Diff,Intermim

age,Imagemode=imageplane,Difrractmode=Backfocal,lowloss=ES(PP)KKA,Coreloss=HIE(comp),

Tensile=DOField,largeconeangle=MoreLightpower,n>R>,tip-1525nm,Chemic,Contact,FBL=CDef ,AP=moDiffractspot