Sikkim Manipal University 1st Semester Set-2

Subject: 0062(Fundamentals of IT)

1. How do you insert a symbol in a Word document? To insert symbol in a word document follow the steps given below. a) Point the cursor to the location where you want to insert the symbol and then click on the insert option available in the Menu bar, you will get a drop down menu as shown in fig. b) Now click on to symbol. You will get a menu as given in picture below.

c) You can select the required font and can also select the different sub set of symbols. d) Once you select the required symbol click on insert button.

2. What is absolute cell addressing?

The intersection of a column and a row is called a cell. Each cell has a name or a cell address. The cell address consists of a column letter and a row number. In spreadsheets an absolute cell address identifies the location a cell or group of cells. Cell addresses are used in formulas, functions, charts, and other spreadsheet commands. An absolute cell address consists of the column letter and row number surrounded by dollar signs ( $ ). An example of an absolute cell address would be $C$4, $G$15, or $A$345. The total numbers of cells in a worksheet are 256*65536

3. What is Custom List?

A custom list is a collection of some commonly used words, which can be reproduced by dragging fill handle. For example, a company deals in different products and the names of this is used in many places in a worksheet or in different worksheets. This is used to save data entry time. Custom list creation can be done as shown below.

Select the list of items which you want to create the custom list as shown below.

Click on office button to get excel options.

Click on Edit custom list

Click on import option, it shows the cell address from where the list is to be imported. You can edit this list by clicking on to it. Now the list is brought to the custom list

Click OK. Your list is added to the Custom list. You can edit this list before clicking on to OK or later. If you want to have this list in some other place in the same work sheet or in some other work sheet you can use it by following steps given below.
a. Type the first value or any one of the values from the list into a cell

b. Drag the fill handle.

4. Describe applications of Multimedia.

Web designers must always be considerate of the customer. A happy customer will come back, but one who has been made to wait and is then offered goods that are irrelevant is likely to shop elsewhere. Because multimedia comes with a high price tag. It should be used sparingly and judiciously A too often web authors include visual or moving elements on the page for the purpose of holding the users attention. This approach is based on the assumption that Web users have short attention spans, which in many cases may be true. When thinking about adding media to your web pages,
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consider first and foremost the nature of your materials. Use images, animation, video, or sound only when relevant to your message. Bear in mind, too, that there are technical limitations to the delivery of audiovisual content via the Web. For example, long-duration video and video requiring smooth motion or clear details require large amounts of bandwidth to deliver and may tax the playback capacity of the users machine. A significant amount of down sampling and compression is required to create a file that is small enough to be delivered via the Web. In some cases, these compromises may be too significant to warrant the effort. When you are considering adding multimedia to your pages, make sure the technology can meet the demands of your content. You dont want users to spend extra time and energy retrieving files that cannot be illustrative owing to limitations of the technology. Plug-ins that allows users to see new and exciting things using their favorite browser software are constantly being introduced. This is especially true of multimedia; the options for encoding and delivering audio, animations, and video are dizzying. Although designers may tempt to create files that employ the functionality offered by custom plug-ins, they should bear two things in mind. First, bother and potential confusion of downloading and installing plug-ins will deter many users. Second, it is not prudent to create content in a custom file format that could quickly become obsolete. It is best to create your multimedia content in the standard formats for operating systems and browser software. This somewhat conservative discussion of multimedia considerations needs one important qualification. If you are creating a site for a specific audience and not for global interests you will probably have more and can ask more from your users. You can require them to use specific browser software and plug-ins and you can include data-intensive multimedia elements in your presentation. Say, for example, that your site is academic and your audience is a group of students or faculty with specialized interests. You are charged with the task of creating a custom site that fully addresses these interest, so function should define form. A foreign language teaching site, for example, could contain bandwidth intensive audio and video elements because the students who visit the site will use these multimedia elements to improve their abilities with the language. These students are not casual visitors; they are interested in
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the content, so they will tolerate lengthy download times and more demanding site interactions. And because your audience is defined and finite, you can take steps to ensure that they know what to expect and are prepared when they visit your site.

5. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Internet.

Internet has been perhaps the most outstanding innovation in the field of communication in the history of mankind. As with every single innovation, internet has its own advantages and disadvantages. But usually, greater magnitude of advantages outweighs its disadvantages. Advantages Communication: The foremost target of internet has always been the communication. And internet has excelled beyond the expectations .Still; innovations are going on to make it faster, more reliable. By the advent of computers Internet, our earth has reduced and has attained the form of a global village. Now we can communicate in a fraction of second with a person who is sitting in the other part of the world. Today for better communication, we can avail the facilities of e-mail; we can chat for hours with our loved ones. There are plenty messenger services in offering. With help of such services, it has become very easy to establish a kind of global friendship where you can share your thoughts, can explore other cultures of different ethnicity. Information: Information is probably the biggest advantage internet is offering. The Internet is a virtual treasure trove of information. Any kind of information on any topic under the sun is available on the Internet. The search engines like Google, yahoo is at your service on the Internet. You can almost find any type of data on almost any kind of subject that you are looking for. There is a huge amount of information available on the internet for just about every subject known to man, ranging from government law and services, trade fairs and conferences, market information, new ideas and technical support, the list is end less.

Students and children are among the top users who surf the Internet for research. Today, it is almost required that students should use the Internet for research for the purpose of gathering resources. Teachers have started giving assignments that require research on the Internet. Almost every coming day, researches on medical issues become much easier to locate. Numerous web sites available on the net are offering loads of information for people to research diseases and talk to doctors online at sites such as, Americas Doctor. During 1998 over 20 million people reported going online to retrieve health information. Entertainment: Entertainment is another popular raison d'tre why many people prefer to surf the Internet. In fact, media of internet has become quite successful in trapping multifaceted entertainment factor. Downloading games, visiting chat rooms or just surfing the Web are some of the uses people have discovered. There are numerous games that may be downloaded from the Internet for free. The industry of online gaming has tasted dramatic and phenomenal attention by game lovers. Chat rooms are popular because users can meet new and interesting people. In fact, the Internet has been successfully used by people to find lifelong partners. When people surf the Web, there are numerous things that can be found. Music, hobbies, news and more can be found and shared on the Internet. Services: Many services are now provided on the internet such as online banking, job seeking, purchasing tickets for your favorite movies, guidance services on array of topics engulfing the every aspect of life, and hotel reservations. Often these services are not available off-line and can cost you more. E-Commerce: Ecommerce is the concept used for any type of commercial maneuvering, or business deals that involves the transfer of information across the globe via Internet. It has become a phenomenon associated with any kind of shopping, almost anything. You name it and Ecommerce with its giant tentacles engulfing every single product and service will make you available at your door steps. It has got a real amazing and wide range of products from household needs, technology to entertainment. Disadvantages
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Theft of Personal information: If you use the Internet, you may be facing grave danger as your personal information such as name, address, credit card number etc. can be accessed by other culprits to make your problems worse. Spamming: Spamming refers to sending unwanted e-mails in bulk, which provide no purpose and needlessly obstruct the entire system. Such illegal activities can be very frustrating for you, and so instead of just ignoring it, you should make an effort to try and stop these activities so that using the Internet can become that much safer. Virus threat: Virus is nothing but a program which disrupts the normal functioning of your computer systems. Computers attached to internet are more prone to virus attacks and they can end up into crashing your whole hard disk, causing you considerable headache. Pornography: This is perhaps the biggest threat related to your childrens healthy mental life. A very serious issue concerning the Internet. There are thousands of pornographic sites on the Internet that can be easily found and can be a detrimental factor to letting children use the Internet. Though, internet can also create havoc, destruction and its misuse can be very fatal, the advantages of it outweigh its disadvantages.

6. Write the procedure to create Tables.

To set up first table, then, do the following:
Start

a new Word document From the menu bar, click on Table From the menu that drops down, click Insert A sub menu appears From the sub menu, click Table

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When you click Insert > Table you get a dialogue box popping up. This one below:

The table we're going to draw has 8 columns and 2 rows. So change the Number of columns to 8. Then click the OK button. Your page will look like this:

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The squares in the table that Word has drawn for you are called Cells. Your cursor will be flashing in the first cell. You can go ahead and type into cells. Type the following into the first row of your table: French, Others Americans, Welsh, Scots, Irish, Germans, Japanese,

To get the cursor into the next cell you can either press the tab key on your keyboard, or just click inside the cell with your left mouse button. When you're finished, your table will look like this one:

If you move your mouse pointer up to the top left of the table, you'll notice that a little cross appears in a box. While in the bottom right of the table a white square appears. Like in the image below:

The black cross in the box is the table Move symbol. To use it, hold down your left mouse button and drag the table somewhere else on your page. But the process is a bit fiddly. The white square, bottom right, is the resize symbol. It works in the same way as the other white resize squares you have met.

7. Features of Excel
There are a number of features that are available in Excel to make your task easier. Some of the main features are: AutoFormat - lets you to choose many preset table formatting options.
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 AutoSum - helps you to add the contents of a cluster of adjacent cells. List AutoFill - automatically extends cell formatting when a new item is added to the end of a list. AutoFill - feature allows you to quickly fill cells with repetitive or sequential data such as chronological dates or numbers, and repeated text. AutoFill can also be used to copy functions. You can also alter text and numbers with this feature. AutoShapes toolbar will allow you to draw a number of geometrical shapes, arrows, flowchart elements, stars and more. With these shapes you can draw your own graphs. Wizard - guides you to work effectively while you work by displaying various helpful tips and techniques based on what you are doing. Drag and Drop - feature will help you to reposition the data and text by simply dragging the data with the help of mouse. Charts - features will help you in presenting a graphical representation of your data in the form of Pie, Bar, Line charts and more.

PivotTable - flips and sums data in seconds and allows you to perform data analysis and generating reports like periodic financial statements, statistical reports, etc. You can also analyse complex data relationships graphically. Shortcut Menus - commands that are appropriate to the task that you are doing appear by clicking the right mouse button.

8. What is a Database?
A database consists of an organized collection of data for one or more multiple uses. Databases are designed to offer an organized mechanism for storing, managing and retrieving information. They do so through the use of tables. Its not much of a stretch to make the leap from spreadsheets to databases. Lets take a look. Just like Excel tables, database tables consist of columns and rows. Each column contains a different type of attribute and each row corresponds to
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a single record. For example, imagine that we were building a database table that contained names and telephone numbers. Wed probably set up columns named First Name, Last Name and Telephone Number. Then wed simply start adding rows underneath those columns that contained the data were planning to store. If we were building a table of contact information for our business that has 50 employees, wed wind up with a table that contains 50 rows. Databases and Spreadsheets At this point, youre probably asking yourself an obvious question if a database is so much like a spreadsheet, why cant I just use a spreadsheet? Databases are actually much more powerful than spreadsheets in the way youre able to manipulate data. Here are just a few of the actions that you can perform on a database that would be difficult if not impossible to perform on a spreadsheet: Retrieve all records that match certain criteria Update records in bulk Cross-reference records in different tables Perform complex aggregate calculations

9.

What are the different views of presentation?

The Normal View The Normal View is PowerPoint's default view. It displays each slide in the TriPane area for easy selection. Once selected, slides can be moved, edited or deleted.

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 The Slide Sorter View You can access the Slide Sorter view by clicking on the word View in the Menu bar and choosing the option Slide Sorter. The Slide Sorter view displays all of your slides in miniature. This view is optimal for moving and copying slides, especially from one presentation to another. Slide repositioning is accomplished by selecting and dragging or copying and pasting.

The Slide Show View You can access the Slide Sorter view by clicking on the word View in the Menu bar and choosing the option Slide Show or by pressing the F5 key. This is how you access your actual slide show! All transitions, animations, and timing will be visible. Outline View

Older versions of PowerPoint included a button down on the bottom left which could be used to access Outline view. In PowerPoint XP Outline view is opened by clicking on the tab on the left pane which displays slide thumbnails when you are in Normal view. Notice that the title Tennessee is missing in outline view. Outline view displays text only and the word Tennessee was created in Word Art, which is actually a picture, not text. In outline view you can quickly scan the entire presentation, edit text, but not the color of text, or do a spell check. You could also print the outline view to keep for speaker's notes as you present your show.
Slide View The Slide view does not differ much from the Normal view, except in that the Slide view does not display the presentation outline. The slide view displays each slide on the screen and is helpful for adding images, formatting text, and adding background styles.

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10.

What is Media?
People interact with each other through different media; verbally, visually and sometimes using symbols. New Media are media that make use of new technologies, such as computers and wireless communication. We will consider the social, economic, personal and other aspects of new media as they affect our lives and work. All electronic communications that have appeared or will appear since the original text-and static picture forms of online communication The word multimedia simply means being able to communicate in more than one way for better interaction. In other words, execution of text, sound, graphics and animation simultaneously is Multi-Media. A new tool is developed that can have great impact on the way things are. Interactive multimedia is such a tool. Yet the elements used in multimedia have all existed before. Multimedia simply combines these elements into a powerful new tool, especially in the hands of students. The promise of media has been slow to reach the web because of bandwidth limitations, but each day brings new solutions. Although there are numerous methods for creating web multimedia, we recommend using stable technology that works for the great majority of client machines. Plug-ins that extend the capabilities of your web pages are a mixed blessing. You risk losing your audience if you require them to jump through hoops to view your content. Types of Media
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Interactive multimedia can weave five basic types of media into a multimedia production a) b) c) d) e) Text Graphics Sound Animations Video
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