Pak 301

Assignment no:01
Pakistan Study Pak (301)

Fall 2022
Bc220425135
Question no:01
“Indian National Congress always claimed to be representative of all the segments of
Indian society”; Keeping in view of this statement, critically evaluate the emergence of
All India Muslim League as a counterforce. Justify your answer with five valid points.
Answer:
 All India Muslim league had been founded in Dhaka to promote loyally to the British
and to protect advance the political rights and interests of the Muslims of India.
 All India Muslim League was the first Muslim political party of India. The idea was
that the Congress Party was catering to the needs of the Hindus. This was an
erroneous idea since Congress always meant to include every community of the and
had many Muslim leader as members.
 Major Goals of emergence of Muslim league:
o Protection and promotion of political rights and interests of the Muslim.
o Cooperation with other communities without prejudice to the above goal.
o Fostering sense of loyalty, among the Muslim, towards the government.
 Time had come to formally organize the Muslims after the success of the Shimla
Deputation. The Muslim leaders desired to create a permanent political forum. After
the meeting of the Mohammedan Educational Conference, the Muslim leader met to
set up the All-India Muslim league. Waqar-ul-Mulk chaired the meeting. Nawab
Salim Ullah proposed Muslim league and Hakim Ajmal Khan and Maulana Zafar Ali
Khan seconded.
 The objectives of the league were:
o To create among Muslims the feelings of loyalty towards the British
Government.
o To safeguard the political rights of the Muslim and to convey the same to the
government.
o To prevent the rise of prejudice against other communities of India among the
Muslim.
Jinnah Muslim League led the struggle for the partition of British India into separate Hindu
Muslim states, and after the formation of Pakistan in 1947 the league became Pakistan
dominant political party.
Question no:02
What socio- political contributions of Ahmad Khan made him a ‘saviour’ of the
Muslims of Sub-continent amid British Raj? Explain your answer with five relevant
points?
Answer:
Social contributions of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan:
 Urdu-Hindu Controversy
Urdu Hindu Controversy Urdu grew as common language
of all the Indians regardless of origin or religion but in 1867, the Benares Hindus campaign to
replace Urdu by Hindi. To gain the objectives, they declared numerous organizations, which
discouraged Sir Syed Ahmad Khan who said to Shakespeare that since now both the nations
could not live together.
 Muslim-as a Nation:
Sir Syed used the word Nation” for the Muslim. Some writers
criticize that he declared Hindus and Muslim one nation. But as a matter of fact, he advocated
the Hindu Muslim unity that meant the working relationship between the two nations as once
he said:
“Hindu and Muslim should to be try one mind in matters which affected their
progress.”
 United Indian Patriotic Association:
In 1888, Sir Syed set up the Patriotic
Association to meet the propaganda of the congress. Muslim and Hindu joined the
Association. It advocated the Muslim emotions.
 Visualized the Bright Future of the Muslim:
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan visualized the
bright future of the Muslim if they engaged themselves in western learning. He motivated to
Muslim to absorb the modern education of the West because this was the very motive of the
Western expansion in the world.
 A Great Nation Builder of Modern India:
He was one of those early pioneers who
recognized the critical role of education in the empowerment of the poor and backward
Muslim community. In more than one way, Sir Syed was one of the greatest social reformers
and a great nations builder of modern India.
Political contributions of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan:
 As the Father of the Two Nation theory:
Though initially espousing Hindu-Muslim
unity, he became the pioneer of Muslim nationalism in India and is widely credited as the
father of the two- nation theory, which formed the basis of the Pakistan movement.
 Political contribution of Aligarh Movement:
One of the major political services of
Aligarh Movement was the presentation of Two Nation Theory, presented by Sir Syed
Ahmad Khan, which became the basis of Pakistan Movement and finally the establishment of
Pakistan in 1947.
 Sir Syed Ahmad Khan increase political awareness:
Sir Syed also increases the
political awareness of Muslims in the sub-continent. At first, he believed in Hindu-
Muslim unity but later resolved to the two-nation theory. In 1885, the Indian National
Congress was set up. It claimed to the body of every Indian regardless of religion.
 Sir Syed won the British confidence:
Sir Syed won the British confidence and cordial relationship by saving their lives during
war of the independence. He utilized this relationship for the betterment of the Muslims.
It was a subtle situation because ethe government had put the war crimes on the Muslim
shoulders and assaulted their every aspect of life.
Election Demand for Separate:
He favored separate electorate for the Muslims in 1883
saying that the majority would override the interest of the minority. British introduced Indian
Councils Act 1892 in which they introduced for the first time in Indian the system of
elections. It means that now the Indian people can choose their representatives on their own.

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Assignment no:01

Pakistan Study Pak (301)

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