This document provides an overview of performing gynecological ultrasound exams, including the key learning objectives, questions, and points. It describes the differences between transvaginal and transabdominal ultrasounds and outlines the systematic technique for each. This includes orientation of the probe, scanning planes, and examining the vagina, cervix, uterus, ovaries and other pelvic structures. Normal anatomy and measurements are demonstrated. The importance of a consistent technique and interactive exam are emphasized.
This document provides an overview of performing gynecological ultrasound exams, including the key learning objectives, questions, and points. It describes the differences between transvaginal and transabdominal ultrasounds and outlines the systematic technique for each. This includes orientation of the probe, scanning planes, and examining the vagina, cervix, uterus, ovaries and other pelvic structures. Normal anatomy and measurements are demonstrated. The importance of a consistent technique and interactive exam are emphasized.
This document provides an overview of performing gynecological ultrasound exams, including the key learning objectives, questions, and points. It describes the differences between transvaginal and transabdominal ultrasounds and outlines the systematic technique for each. This includes orientation of the probe, scanning planes, and examining the vagina, cervix, uterus, ovaries and other pelvic structures. Normal anatomy and measurements are demonstrated. The importance of a consistent technique and interactive exam are emphasized.
This document provides an overview of performing gynecological ultrasound exams, including the key learning objectives, questions, and points. It describes the differences between transvaginal and transabdominal ultrasounds and outlines the systematic technique for each. This includes orientation of the probe, scanning planes, and examining the vagina, cervix, uterus, ovaries and other pelvic structures. Normal anatomy and measurements are demonstrated. The importance of a consistent technique and interactive exam are emphasized.
abdominal and vaginal gynecological ultrasound scans
Basic Training Key questions 1. How do you perform a thorough and systematic gynecological ultrasound examination?
2. When should you perform a transvaginal versus a
transabdominal ultrasound?
3. What is the correct scanning technique to image the
vagina, cervix, uterus and ovaries effectively?
Basic Training Key points • Understand when to perform a transvaginal versus a transabdominal ultrasound exam
• Understand the importance of probe orientation
• Understand the steps to performing a systematic
gynecological to accurately assess the pelvis during ultrasound examination
Basic Training Normal female pelvic anatomy
Basic Training Gynecological ultrasound examination technique
Systematic examination technique
ALWAYS THE SAME PROCEDURE
Basic Training Vaginal or abdominal scan?
Abdominal scan Vaginal (rectal) scan
• Low frequency • High frequency • Poor resolution • Superb resolution • Good overview • Poor overview • Scan the abdomen • Abdomen not seen • Full bladder • Empty bladder
Basic Training Abdominal scan
Full bladder? YES, if primary scan (NO), if supplementary scan
Basic Training Abdominal gynecological ultrasound examination - orientation On a longitudinal scan cranial is shown to the left on the screen
Cranial Caudal (patient´s head) (patient´s feet)
Basic Training Abdominal ultrasound Sagittal scan of the uterus
Basic Training Abdominal gynecological ultrasound examination - orientation On a transverse scan patient´s right side is shown to the left on screen
Patient´s right side Patient´s left side
Basic Training Abdominal scan Transverse scan through the uterus
Basic Training Vaginal scan
Basic Training Vaginal gynecological ultrasound examination - orientation
Patients’ Patients’ right right
Basic Training Probe movement Usually in the sagittal plane Anterior Posterior Usually in the transverse plane
In both planes
Basic Training Bladder Rectum
Vagina
Basic Training Vagina
Basic Training The uterus – follow the cervix
Basic Training The uterus – follow the cervix
Basic Training The uterus – follow the cervix
Basic Training Bladder
Rectum
Basic Training Measuring the uterus
Total length of the uterus Antero-posterior measurement Transverse measurement
Van Den Bosch et al. UOG, 2015, 46: 284–298
Basic Training Basic Training Basic Training Anteverted Retroverted
Anteflexed Retroflexed
Basic Training Anteverted uterus
Basic Training Retroverted uterus
Basic Training Anteflexed uterus
Basic Training Retroflexed uterus
Basic Training Basic Training Basic Training Basic Training Measuring the ovaries
Total length of the ovary Antero-posterior measurement Transverse measurement
Basic Training Scanning technique for the ovaries
R L
Basic Training Normal tubes may be seen if there is fluid in the pouch of Douglas
Basic Training Vaginal ultrasound is a dynamic and interactive examination • Check the mobility of organs – Fixed organs = adhesions • Check for site specific tenderness – Which organs are involved in a painful process?
Basic Training Normal ultrasound findings • Differ between women before and after menopause • Change throughout the menstrual cycle
Basic Training Key points THE BASIS for gynecological ultrasound • Orientate yourself in the image • Optimise your image • Always use a systematic scanning technique
From here you move on by practising, reading books and
articles, and attending more advanced ultrasound courses
Basic Training How to describe ultrasound findings using standardsised terminology Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2000 Oct,16(5):500 Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2010 Jan;35: 103
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