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    Comparison - Procedure

    Uploaded by

    Charlie Dela Rosa
    This document provides work instructions for calibrating liquid flow meters using the comparison method. The calibration procedure involves installing the unit under calibration (UUC) in a test line and comparing its readings to a master flow meter over a range of flow rates. Readings are taken from both meters after stabilizing the flow conditions. The actual and indicated flow rates are used to calculate calibration factors and errors. The calibration is repeated for different flow rates covering the full operating range of the UUC.

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    Comparison - Procedure

    Uploaded by

    Charlie Dela Rosa
    41 views8 pages
    This document provides work instructions for calibrating liquid flow meters using the comparison method. The calibration procedure involves installing the unit under calibration (UUC) in a test line and comparing its readings to a master flow meter over a range of flow rates. Readings are taken from both meters after stabilizing the flow conditions. The actual and indicated flow rates are used to calculate calibration factors and errors. The calibration is repeated for different flow rates covering the full operating range of the UUC.

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    This document provides work instructions for calibrating liquid flow meters using the comparison method. The calibration procedure involves installing the unit under calibration (UUC) in a test line and comparing its readings to a master flow meter over a range of flow rates. Readings are taken from both meters after stabilizing the flow conditions. The actual and indicated flow rates are used to calculate calibration factors and errors. The calibration is repeated for different flow rates covering the full operating range of the UUC.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    41 views8 pages

    Comparison - Procedure

    Uploaded by

    Charlie Dela Rosa
    This document provides work instructions for calibrating liquid flow meters using the comparison method. The calibration procedure involves installing the unit under calibration (UUC) in a test line and comparing its readings to a master flow meter over a range of flow rates. Readings are taken from both meters after stabilizing the flow conditions. The actual and indicated flow rates are used to calculate calibration factors and errors. The calibration is repeated for different flow rates covering the full operating range of the UUC.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    Title: Work Instruction for Calibration of Liquid Flow Meters

    by Comparison Method

    1.0 Purpose

    a. To determine the flow rate of flow meters.

    2.0 Scope

    a. Calibration of Flow Meter by comparison method.


    b. The method of measurement applies only to fluids flowing through a pipeline of circular cross
    section.
    c. Range of Calibration

    Mass Flow Rate: 10 LPM (0.6 m3/h) to 2500 LPM (150 m3/h)

    3.0 Description

    A flow meter is a device or an instrument used to measure mass or volumetric flow rate of a liquid
    or a gas.
    A flow meter is a device used to measure the flow rate or quantity of a liquid or gas in a pipe

    Units of measurement
    Liquid flow can be measured in volumetric or mass flow rates, such as liters per minutes, meter
    cubic per hour or kilograms per second. These measurements are related by the liquid's density.
    The density of a liquid is almost independent of conditions. This is not the case for gasses, the
    densities of which depend greatly upon pressure, temperature and to a lesser extent, composition.

    Liquid
    For liquids, various units are used depending upon the application and industry, but might include
    gallons (U.S. liquid or imperial) per minute, liters per second, barrels per minute or, when
    describing river flows, cumecs (cubic meters per second) or acre-feet per day.

    2.0 Types of Flow Meters

     Differential Pressure Flow meters


     Velocity Flow meters
     Positive Displacement Flow meters
     Mass Flow meters
    The most common types of differential pressure flow meters are:

     Orifice Plates
     Venturi Tubes
     Flow Nozzles
    The most common types of Velocity flow meters are:

     Turbine Flow meter


     Vortex Flow Meter
     Electromagnetic Flowmeter
     Ultrasonic Doppler Flowmeter

    The most common types of PD flowmeters are:


     Gear
     Notating disk
     Rotary vane

    The most common types of Mass flow meters are:

     Coriolis Mass Flow meter


     Thermal Mass Flow meter

    3.0 Diagram

    Flow Meter Rotameter Water Meter

    4.0 Environmental Conditions


    a. Arrange neatly the working space.

    b. In Lab
    Ambient Temperature : During Calibration
    Ambient Rel. Humidity : During Calibration
    Line Voltage : 415S V ±1% : During Calibration
    Difference between (Fluid & Amb) Temperature : <10°C) : During Calibration

    5.0 General

    a. Keep necessary Tools, Equipment, Procedure, Documents and Formats.


    b. Study the Job card regarding calibration requirements of the specific instrument(s) of the order
    (Regarding Flow range, Flow Size, Accuracy, Number of calibration points, Number of sets of
    reading and any other relevant details before selecting the masters and work instructions).
    c. The contaminated Flow meters are cleaned thoroughly before proceeding with the calibration.
    d. Before proceeding with calibration Standard instruments are checked.

    6.0 Master Instruments Used for Calibration


    Table-1.

    S. No. Instrument Range

    01 Master Flow meter 1 0 to 133 lpm

    02 Master Flow meter 2 0 to 3000 lpm

    Note:
    Depending on the Flow Range of UUC to be calibrated, corresponding above Master instruments to
    be selected.
    Check the validity of the master instrument.

    7.0 Schematic diagram of Flow Calibration (Liquid)


    8.0 Preliminary Test for Calibration of Flow meters

    a. Visual check to be carried out (for damage if any) in UUC.


    b. Note down details of UUC in Job Card.
    c. Check and ensure for regulated power supply.
    d. Switch on the UUC, confirm the proper functionality.
    e. Check leak Test before proceeding with calibration.
    f. Ensure adequate safety to man power by safety shoes, Helmets etc.
    g. Ensure Straight lengths for standard and UUC before proceeding with calibration.
    h. Ensure stable flow conditions before calibration.
    i. Ensure Personnel involved in calibration are completely trained and competent.
    j. Ensure adequate supervision during calibration.
    k. Ensure proper grounding of electronic instruments.
    l. Visually check and ensure adequate level of water in storage tank.

    9.0 General Installation Requirements for Flow Meter

    a. Select proper spool pieces according to the diameter of UUC & direction of flow, ensure that
    selected pipe line always runs full of liquid.
    b. Fit gaskets with proper alignment to prevent leakage near the flanges.
    c. The UUC shall be installed in the pipeline at a position such that standard straight length
    upstream (minimum 10D) & downstream (minimum 5D) is maintained.
    d. Check the flow lines for proper fittings of flanges, blind flanges, gaskets, nut-bolts and any
    leakage.
    e. Do the electrical connections (as applicable).

    10.0 General Procedure for Calibration of Flow Meters

    The meter to be calibrated was installed in the standard test line of flow calibration skid. The
    line was flooded, and entrapped air cleared using Air Removal Time prior to calibration. Direct
    pumping is the flow source for the calibration.

    Direct pumping was employed to obtain higher flow rates. When flow conditions had stabilized,
    the actual flow rate was determined by comparing with master flow meters.

    Digital Multimeter or HMI was used to acquire the pulse or current output of the test meter.
    The temperature of water was determined using on-line RTD's and density using Density meter.
    Line Pressure is monitored during calibration using Pressure devices.

    The flow rate, k-Factor and percentage error in total flow and flow rate obtained from current o r
    p u l s e output were then computed as given in the sample calculations.

    This procedure was repeated for the other flow rates covering the entire flow range.

    10.1 Detailed Calibration Procedure for Flow meters

    a. Give sufficient warm up time of 15 to 25 minutes.


    b. Set the flow rate at predefined point and record. Wait for 1.5 to 2 minutes, after stabilization,
    note down the master and UUC flow rates.
    c. Calculate actual flow rate and deviation with respective indicated flow of UUC.
    d. For next cycle repeat procedure from (b) for 3/5 cycles of reading.
    e. For next reading, repeat procedure from (b).

    11. Nomenclature:

     Density of water at line temperature (kg/m3)


    C Current output of the Flow Meter
    Qa Actual volume flow rate (m3/h)
    Qc Flow rate obtained from output
    dp Differential pressure across the meter (Pa)
     Dynamic viscosity of water (Pa.S)
    d Diameter of orifice bore (m)
    a Area of cross section of conduit (m2)
    D Diameter of conduit (m)
     d/D
    Qt Theoretical flow rate of differential pressure meter (m3/h)
    V Velocity of flow (m/s)
    Cd Coefficient of discharge
    ReD Reynolds Number based on conduit diameter
    UUC Unit under Calibration
    13.1 Formulae:

    % Error in Qc = (Qc-Qa) * 100 %


    Qa

    For Differential 2 * dP
    Flow meter Qt = A * * 3600 m3 / h
     (1-4)

    For Pitot Tube 2 * dP m3 / h


    Qt = (A-a) * 3600

    Co-efficient Qa / Qt
    Cd =
    discharge

    Reynolds *V*D
    ReD =
    Number

    Qa
    Velocity V= m/s
    A * 3600

    K-factor = N Pulses/m^3
    Va

    Vi = N m^3
    K
    % Error in = (Vi-Va) * 100 %
    Volume Va

    % Linearity = Emax – Emin %


    2.00

    13.2 Sample Calculation

    13.2.a Sample Readings

    Qa = 139.918 m3/h

    Qc = 139.953 m3/h

    % Error in Qc = (139.953 – 139.918) * 100


    139.918

    = 0.025 %

    13.0 Traceability
    15.0 Reference Documents

    Operation Manual for Flow Meter Test Bench and Flow Meters

    International Standards Organization-ISO 5168 /1978- Measurement of Fluid Flow- Procedures

    for the evaluation of Uncertainties

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