Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature and Studies

Web-Based Billing and Collection System for a Municipal Water and Services Unit1
Students from Philippines Polytechnic University has proposed to develop a web-base
billing system that will address to the current problem of manual billing system in municipal
water unit. Using the technology, meter reading will be paperless. It can be accessible through
the Internet; end-users and water consumers/customers could connect and perform
transactions enabling them to become efficient on their daily tasks whether in the office or at
home. The water consumers/customers may receive email and short messaging system
showing their current water consumption and water bill. Added/unique features such as
graphical chart showing regular water consumptions on the end-users and
consumers/customers dashboard as well as on their billing statements are provided.

The researcher came to realize that a new system would be better to develop and to
has it tried by the prospected respondents in order to see how it actually works? The
researcher then chose Mulanay Water and Services Unit to become the respondents
of this study. This Local Government Unit already have a billing system in a form of
spreadsheet application. As result of thorough interview - it is very difficult to provide
up-to-date reporting using their existing system. Finding and encoding customer’s data
specifically, the meter readings of customer’s water consumption were very tedious to
the user. Another problem is the report generation; they could not provide it because
it is hard for them to scan individual tables of customers.

Hotel Billing Management System2

A group of students from Bestlink College of the Philippines proposed to develop a hotel
billing management system that will provide computation of the customer billing information
about the hotel service offered. It is a financial accounting concept for business organizations,
such as the hotel and restaurant industry, to bill customers for the service rendered. The billing
report is utilized by the management to know the income generated. The company cannot avoid
having problems. Hence, the developers developed a system called “hotel billing system” that
will help the manager and administrator to properly process the work of the company. Today,
even the smallest run hotels have a hotel management system in place to meet each task of
managing their hotel. In order to complete on a large scale. A hotel needs an efficient system to
be effective. Management system, once exclusive to large scale chains, have been adapted to
accommodate the needs of smaller hotels. Nut with so many options available, you need to
consider these three basic aspects when deciding to implement or change systems.

3
ASIST Automated Water Billing System3
A computerized water billing system was developed by Jayne of Abra institute of science
and technology. Computerized System and improved efficiency have been the focus of
entrepreneurs. As with many business scenarios, getting rid of paper improves efficiency,
reduces human error and allows information to allow to an infrastructure without a time-
consuming data input process. There is also less chance of handwritten orders being misread
and a higher customer turnaround as customers will be served faster. Water billing system is
important to provide consistent and accurate billing information to clients and service recipients.
The study is aimed to develop an automated water billing system for the Abra State Institute of
Sciences and Technology in Lagangilang, Abra, Philippines and to determine the usability of it
in terms of Efficiency, Affect, Helpfulness, Control, and Learnability. The descriptive and applied
types of research were employed in the study

Web-Based Electricity Billing System with SMS Notification4

In the Philippines, electrification services are often provided by local electric
cooperatives. The Iloilo III Electric Cooperative, Inc. (ILECO III) is the services provider to 13
municipalities in northern Iloilo. Due to its wider service areas, the ILECO ӀӀӀ is becoming
crowded with the increasing number of consumers. There are perceived issues in the
preparation of billing statements. These perceived issues included the delay in the preparation
of statements of accounts. There are instances that the consumer is not aware of the schedule
of payment because they were not able to receive their electric billing statement on time. To
improve the delivery of electric bills, we developed the “Web-Based Electricity Billing System
with the SMS Notification”. It is an automated billing system which can be accessed by
consumers through the internet which can provide effective and efficient reminders to
consumers of their monthly electric consumption. As such, they will be promptly updated of their
accounts, schedule of fees as well as other important and relevant information. The Waterfall
model was employed in the development of the system prototype
Customer Satisfaction and Preference on Electronic Payments (E-Payments) Among the
Employees of the Provincial Government of Batangas5
Jean Marielle Lopez of provincial government of Batangas conducted a research on
customer satisfaction and preference among the employees of the Batangas Provincial
Government when it comes to using various electronic payment (e- payment) options.
Specifically, it sought to present the profile of the respondents; identify the perception of the
employees on e-payments in terms of ease of use, security, and convenience; measure the
amount of employee satisfaction with e-payments in terms of their utility, reliability, and overall
customer support; test the significant relationship between the customer preference of the
employees and their satisfaction in the usage of the different methods and/or services of e-
payments; examine whether there is a substantial difference in satisfaction and behavior when
people are categorized by profile factors; and come up with action plan/s that can help improve
the e-payment preferences and satisfaction of the employees of the Provincial Government of
Batangas. Based on the researcher’s findings, it was concluded that the respondents claimed
the ease of use in using cards in all their online transactions. Furthermore, they agreed that e-
payments have become handy when it comes to paying bills or doing online transactions
without the consumers leaving the comfort of their homes and keeping their families safe. With
the emergence of the COVID-19, the fear of contamination accelerated the advancement of
contactless payment technology, allowing payments to be made without any direct or indirect
human contact. In the results of survey, there was a substantial association that exists, implying
that respondents’ agreement with e-payments in terms of offering convenience, ease of use,
and security is substantially influenced by how satisfied they are with usefulness, reliability, and
customer service.

Implementation of Improved Billing System6

Paperless billing is a process that businesses can use to get paid quickly and securely
without dealing with the hassles of paper bills and check payments. Paperless bills allow bill
delivery and payment to take place completely online, which improves efficiency while reducing
costs. Paperless Billing generally involves integrating multiple systems. These include billing
system, the banking industry, customer’s paying system, as well as an online interface for the
paperless billing system. Paperless billing is most helpful for businesses that send recurring bills
to customers. Paperless bills are an option for delivering bills. Bills could be presented as
electric documents, such as PDF, or on websites. This gives the customer the ability to review
bills before sending payment. Alternately, customers can also set up automated payments in
order to pay without even touching a button. We can shop and create bills by using the mobile
application. Paperless Bills offer benefits to both the seller as well as the customer.

Invoice Management System7

The "Invoice Management System has been developed to override the problems
prevailing in the practicing manual system. This software is supported to eliminate and, in some
cases, reduce the hardships faced by this existing system. Moreover, this system is designed
for the need of the company to carry out operations in a smooth and effective manner. The
application is reduced as much as possible to avoid errors while entering the data. It also
provides error message while entering invalid data. No formal knowledge is needed for the user
to use this system. Thus, by this all it proves it is user-friendly. Invoice Management System, as
described above, can lead to error free, secure, reliable and task management system. it can
assist the user to concentrate on their other activities rather to concentrate on the record
keeping. Thus, it will help organization in better utilization of resources

Consumer Satisfaction Towards Online Electricity Bill Payment System8

Online payment systems remain a major factor in today’s e-commerce sector. Because
businesses are expanding globally and also offering online options, the need for alternative
forms of payment are quite significant. An e-commerce payment system facilitates the
acceptance of electronic payment for online transactions. Also known as a sample of Electronic
Data Interchange (EDI), e-commerce payment systems have become increasingly popular due
to the widespread use of the internet-based shopping and banking. E-payments services are a
convenient and efficient way to do financial transactions. Internet is not secure media.
Customers can purchase online through different methods such as, Electronic Fund Transfer
(EFT), Credit cards, Debit cards, etc.

Customer Perception Towards the Digital Payment9

The study investigates issues that affect customers when implementing digital payment
and also proposing solutions to preserve and develop the quality of service for digital payment
systems so as to inspire patronage repetition and loyalty and attract new customers. Descriptive
analysis, independent t-test and Analysis of Variance were the methodologies used for analysis
of collected data. The results attained depicts that there was “strong correlation” existing
between the benefits and the ease of use of the Digital Payment System. An almost moderate
correlation existed only between the trust and customers’ perception of the Digital Payment
Systems alongside the true perception attained by customers while using the Digital Payment
System and its basic ease of use. There was a rather weak negative correlation between the
average security and the benefits of the Digital Payment System. Another quite weak and
negative correlations have to do with the age bracket of the customers and its effect on the
general preference of the Digital Payment System. This study can help providers gain an insight
of the views and preferences of their customers in order to improve the customer perception
during the online purchase procedures.

1
Water Billing Management System10
Water billing system is an online project which allows the water billing management to
post the bill of each and every customer and any other transactions related to water billing such
as customer information, service record module, statement of accounts and all details. The
online system can be accessed by the administrators and other staff of the association and as
well as the customers of the water billing. The administrator can access all the modules of the
project whereas the customers can only view their payment history and billing records.
Water bill goes to the customer house. This paper talk about the major findings of the
challenges of the manually operated billing and payment system and suggests a possible
solution that will help solve the challenges that are currently faced. The solution to above
difficulties is to install prepaid water billing system which consists of smart meters. These
meters shall be present in every house and each and every customer will be in position to pay
for what he/she can afford and payment shall be at any time of convenience using any payment
mode offline specific objectives. Analyze the existing system. To give fast and accurate access
of customer.

 Synthesis

This section discussed about the systems related to the project that may help in

developing the system. The main purpose of a review related systems is to analyze scientific

works by other developers that the user as reference. Nowadays, people seek to develop new

technologies for further improvement of their business. Technology is growing fast as

businessman always find ways to cope up with the needs of every consumer. That is why
researchers were encourage to conduct a study about the system. This chapter will provide a

review of literature and studies that is written by local and foreign authors which is related to the

study.

Web-Based Billing and Collection System for a Municipal Water and Services Unit1 a
system proposed by Abel L.P. and Remedios G.A. to address the problem of a municipal water
unit. Due to large number of customers served by the municipal water unit, their current system
of using spreadsheets application to compute their billings has proven it to be difficult and not
efficient. Finding and encoding data’s specifically the meter readings of customer’s water
consumption was very tedious task to the user. The current system also is not design for reports
generation as user have to manually compute and generate reports. That is why they proposed
to create a system that automate the current billing process, send billing information to
customers through E-mail and SMS, and create a web-based dashboard where customers can
view their water consumptions and billing.

This is the summary of the related literatures showing the gap and a need to

develop/improve a system.

Reference

[1] Abel L. P. & Remedios G. A. (2018). Web-Based Billing and Collection System for a

Municipal Water and Services Unit: RCHE 2017 4th International Research Conference on

Higher Education Volume 2018.

[2] Pantila, J. ., Vicenio, J. A. ., Padua, P. N. ., Salvatierra, B. J. ., Fidel, P. ., & Concepcion, E. .

(2020). Hotel Billing Management System. Ascendens Asia Singapore – Bestlink College of the

Philippines Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2(1). Retrieved from

https://ojs.aaresearchindex.com/index.php/aasgbcpjmra/article/view/2423.
[3] Jayne A.A. (2019). ASIST Automated Water Billing System: International Journal of

Research in Management &Business Studies (IJRMBS 2019).

[4] Jon Laurence B.W. & April Rose A.Z. (2022) Web-Based Electricity Billing System with SMS

Notification: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Science (IJRES).

[5] Jean Marielle A.L. (2021). Customer Satisfaction and Preference on Electronic Payments (E-

Payments) Among the Employees of the Provincial Government of Batangas: Asia Pacific

Journal of Academic Research in Business Administration Vol. 7 No. 2, 17-25.

[6] Baswaraju S. (2020) Implementation of Improved Billing System: International Journal of

Scientific Research in Computer Science Engineering and Information Technology.

[7] Invoice Management System (2022): International Journal of Advanced Research in

Science, Communication and Technology.

[8] Dr. P. Sabarinathan & S. Vadivelmurugan (2018). Consumer Satisfaction Towards Online

Electricity Bill Payment System: International Journal of Current Research and Modern

Education.

[9] Suliman A.S. (2020). Customer Perception Towards the Digital Payment.

[10] Nikita J.D. & Anvil V.N. (2021). Water Billing Management System: JETIR June 2021,

Volume 8, Issue 6.