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    2 How Ore Minerals Are Mined and Used

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    Esther Ruth santillan
    The document discusses how minerals are formed, mined, and processed for human use. It explains that minerals are naturally occurring rocks or sediments that contain valuable metals. It describes three major types of ore genesis: internal processes, hydrothermal processes, and surficial processes. The document then outlines various mining and metallurgy methods used to extract metals from ores, including surface mining, underground mining, crushing, grinding, separation processes, and more. Finally, it discusses how the purified metals are utilized in industry, infrastructure, and other applications.

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    2 How Ore Minerals Are Mined and Used

    Uploaded by

    Esther Ruth santillan
    121 views45 pages
    The document discusses how minerals are formed, mined, and processed for human use. It explains that minerals are naturally occurring rocks or sediments that contain valuable metals. It describes three major types of ore genesis: internal processes, hydrothermal processes, and surficial processes. The document then outlines various mining and metallurgy methods used to extract metals from ores, including surface mining, underground mining, crushing, grinding, separation processes, and more. Finally, it discusses how the purified metals are utilized in industry, infrastructure, and other applications.

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    2 HOW ORE MINERALS ARE MINED AND USED

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    The document discusses how minerals are formed, mined, and processed for human use. It explains that minerals are naturally occurring rocks or sediments that contain valuable metals. It describes three major types of ore genesis: internal processes, hydrothermal processes, and surficial processes. The document then outlines various mining and metallurgy methods used to extract metals from ores, including surface mining, underground mining, crushing, grinding, separation processes, and more. Finally, it discusses how the purified metals are utilized in industry, infrastructure, and other applications.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    121 views45 pages

    2 How Ore Minerals Are Mined and Used

    Uploaded by

    Esther Ruth santillan
    The document discusses how minerals are formed, mined, and processed for human use. It explains that minerals are naturally occurring rocks or sediments that contain valuable metals. It describes three major types of ore genesis: internal processes, hydrothermal processes, and surficial processes. The document then outlines various mining and metallurgy methods used to extract metals from ores, including surface mining, underground mining, crushing, grinding, separation processes, and more. Finally, it discusses how the purified metals are utilized in industry, infrastructure, and other applications.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 45

    HOW ORE

    MINERALS ARE
    FOUND, MINED
    AND PROCESSED
    FOR HUMAN USE

    7/1/20XX 1
    ORE
    ➢Natural rocks or sediments that
    hold one or more valuable
    minerals, mostly metals, that can
    be mined, processed and sold at
    a great price .
    2
    ORE
    ➢contained inside the Earth
    in a limited quantity because
    its creation and deposition
    would take millions of years.
    3
    HOW MINERALS
    DEPOSITED TO EARTH

    1 2

    ORE ROCKY FRAGMENTS/


    GENESIS DEBRIS FROM SOLAR
    SYSTEM
    4
    3 MAJOR TYPES OF ORE GENESIS

    1 2 3

    Internal Hydrothermal Surficial


    Processes Processes Processes

    5
    INTERNAL PROCESSES
    ➢geologic activity such as
    when volcanoes bring ore
    from deep in the planet to
    the surface
    6
    3 MAJOR TYPES OF ORE GENESIS

    1 2 3

    Internal Hydrothermal Surficial


    Processes Processes Processes

    7
    HYDROTHERMAL PROCESSES
    ➢happens when seawater
    circulates through cracks in
    Earth’s crust and deposits
    minerals in the areas around
    hydrothermal vents
    8
    3 MAJOR TYPES OF ORE GENESIS

    1 2 3

    Internal Hydrothermal Surficial


    Processes Processes Processes

    9
    SURFICIAL PROCESSES

    ➢happen on the surface of


    Earth, like erosion

    10
    HOW MINERALS
    DEPOSITED TO EARTH

    1 2

    ORE ROCKY FRAGMENTS/


    GENESIS DEBRIS FROM SOLAR
    SYSTEM
    11
    ROCKY FRAGMENTS/ DEBRIS
    FROM SOLAR SYSTEM
    ➢these pieces of fragments, that enter the
    Earth’s atmosphere are called meteorites or
    what we know as “shooting stars”.
    ➢contain large amounts of iron ore where we
    could extract metallic iron for industry and
    infrastructure purposes.
    12
    WHERE CAN WE FIND ORE
    MINERALS

    1 2

    Earth’s Ocean floor


    surface/ crust

    13
    MINING
    ➢process of
    extracting
    valuable materials
    from the Earth
    14
    MINING
    ➢our country is acknowledged
    as the largest copper-gold
    deposit of the world and the
    fifth mineral-rich country for
    gold, copper, nickel and
    chromite 15
    METHODS OF MINING

    1 2

    Surface Underground
    Mining Mining
    16
    SURFACE MINING
    minerals are extracted near the
    Earth’s surface

    UNDERGROUND MINING
    ores are taken out from the
    ground by digging
    17
    PROCESSES OF SURFACE
    MINING
    ➢strip mining, placer mining,
    mountain top, hydraulic
    mining, dredging, and open
    pit.
    18
    PROCESSES OF SURFACE MINING

    19
    PROCESSES OF
    UNDERGROUND MINING
    ➢slope mining, hard-
    rock, drift mining, shaft
    and bore-hole process
    20
    21
    METALLURGY
    Is a process used to extract
    metals in their pure form. A
    substance called flux is added to
    remove the gangue (impurities).

    7/1/20XX Pitch deck title 22


    Metallurgy is a process used to extract metals in their pure form.
    A substance called flux is added to remove the gangue
    (impurities). There are classifications under the metallurgical
    process. The first process in metallurgy is crushing and
    grinding of ores into a fine powder (pulverization) in a crusher
    or ball mill. Second process is called ore dressing or the
    process of removing impurities from ore. Third is the hydrolytic
    method wherein ores are poured over a sloping and vibrating
    corrugated table with grooves to which a jet water flowed over
    the surface. This allows the denser particles to settle in the
    grooves and wash away the impurities. Fourth is the magnetic
    separation in which the crushed ore is placed on a conveyor belt
    with two wheels.
    . One of the wheels is magnetic therefore, it attracts
    magnetic particles, and those non-magnetic
    particles just fall apart. The fifth classification is
    called froth floatation, in which the crushed ore are
    placed in a large tank that contains oil and water.
    Then, a current of compressed air will pass through
    to wet the ore which will separate the impurities in
    the form of froth. Because the ore is lighter, it floats
    and leaves the impurities behind. Roasting and
    calcination, is the last method in which a
    concentrated
    After all these processes, utilization follows. Man, further
    purified or mixed these metals with other metals like what
    happens in a copper refinery or steel mill. Others are
    utilized by people in jewelry business using the gold ores.
    Majority of these gold ores are converted into jewelry.
    Only a small percentage are processed into electronic
    equipment, coins, and dental fillings. Likewise, since
    these ore minerals generate valuable metals, they are
    considered a big help in infrastructure, trade, and
    industry. This is because they can boost a country’s
    economic health status.
    Ore is heated in the presence of oxygen (roasting)
    and is usually applied to sulfide ores. For ores
    containing carbonate or hydrated oxides, heating is
    done in the absence of air to melt the ores, and this
    process is known as calcination. Chalcocite, galena,
    sphalerite, and other metals combined with sulfur
    are exposed to this process to yield copper, zinc
    and iron (gill 2018, 1-5).
    ACTIVITY
    ______Ores are heated using oxygen in the case of sulfide ores and heated in the
    absence of oxygen for ores containing carbonates or hydrated oxides.

    ______The crushed ore is placed on a conveyor belt with two wheels; one of which is
    magnetic to attract magnetic particles and those non-magnetic ones will fall apart.

    ______The extracted ores are pulverized in a crusher or ball mill.

    _______The crushed ores are placed in a large tank that contains oil and water that
    makes the ore floats and separates impurities in the form of froth.

    _______Impurities from the ores are removed.

    _______The ores are poured over a sloping, vibrating corrugated table with grooves of
    which a jet water flowed over the surface to wash away the impurities. The denser
    particles settle in the grooves.
    QUIZ
    6.53
    1. Which of the following statements is true?
    a. All rocks contain minerals but minerals do not
    contain rocks.
    b. All minerals are rocks, but not all rocks are
    minerals.
    c. There is no relationship between rocks and
    minerals.
    d. Rocks and minerals do not go together.
    30
    2. Which of the following
    minerals is considered the
    hardest on the Earth?
    a. Talc b. Gold c. Iron
    d. Diamond
    31
    3. Which of the following
    minerals is considered as the
    softest?
    a. Fluorine b. Talc c. Gypsum
    d. Halite
    32
    4.What mineral is used to make
    cement, concrete, pottery, and
    bricks?
    a. Halite b. Gravel c. Clay
    d. Corundum
    33
    5. A process of ore genesis that
    happen on the surface of Earth, like
    erosion.
    a. Internal process
    b. Hydrothermal process
    c. Surficial process
    d. Fragments from solar system
    34
    6. What mineral maintains
    a healthy immune system?
    a. Zinc b. Copper c. Iron
    d. Calcium
    35
    7. What mineral does the
    window glass made of?
    a. Halite b. Talc c. Chromite
    d.Quartz
    36
    8. What mineral is used in
    water purification process?
    a. Zeolite b. Chalcopyrite
    c. Bentonite d. Borax

    37
    9. It is a process used to
    extract metals in their pure
    form.
    a. Mining b. biomining
    c. metallurgy d. biotechnology
    38
    10. What do you call the process
    when ore minerals are created/
    deposited?
    a. ore genesis b. ore deposition
    c. ore demolition d. ore segregation
    39
    11. Ore is __________a
    resource.
    a. Renewable b. nonrenewable
    c. infinite d. limitless

    40
    12. A process of ore genesis that includes
    geologic activity such as when volcanoes
    bring ore from deep in the planet to the
    surface.
    a. Internal process
    b. Hydrothermal process
    c. Surficial process
    d. Fragments from solar system
    41
    13. What type of mining is
    characterized when minerals
    are extracted near the Earth’s
    surface?
    a. surface mining b. underground
    mining c. roasting d. grinding
    42
    14.What method of metal extraction
    uses heat to separate the metal from the
    rest of the ore and requires another
    chemical, to separate metal from its
    ore?
    a. Smelting b. electrolysis c. hammering
    d. exploding
    43
    15. What method uses
    electricity and acid to
    separate metal from the ore?
    a. Smelting b. electrolysis
    c. hammering d. exploding
    44
    END OF QUIZ

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