MONTESSORI

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THE MONTESSORI EDUCATION – 1

ASYNCHRONOUS TASK – 2 : Who are those Winner of Nobel Peace Prize in years: 1949, 1950
and 1951 where Dr. Maria Montessori was nominated.
•HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF NOBEL PEACE PRIZE
The Nobel Peace Prize and the other Nobel Prizes were established by the
Swedish inventor and businessman Alfred Nobel through his last will.
When the Swedish businessman Alfred Nobel passed away in 1896, he left
behind what was then one of the world’s largest private fortunes. In his last
will Nobel declared that the whole of his remaining fortune of 31, 5 million
Swedish crowns was to be invested in safe securities and should constitute a
fund "the interest on which shall be annually distributed in the form of prizes
to those who, during the preceding year, shall have conferred the greatest
benefit on mankind"
•WILL
The will specified in which fields the prizes should be awarded – physics, chemistry, medicine or
physiology, literature and peace – and which criteria the respective prize committees should
apply when choosing their prize recipients. According to the will the Nobel Peace Prize was to
be awarded “to the person who shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity
between the nations and the abolition or reduction of standing armies and the formation and
spreading of peace congresses.”
•NORWEGIAN NOBEL COMMITTEE
Alfred Nobel’s will declared that the Nobel Peace Prize was to be awarded by a committee of
five persons selected by the Norwegian Storting (parliament). The Storting accepted the
assignment in April 1897, and the Nobel Committee of the Norwegian Storting was set up in
August of the same year. Read more about the Norwegian Nobel Committee (as it is now
known) here.
•NOBEL FOUNDATION
In Sweden, however, Nobel's will triggered a lengthy legal battle with parts of the Nobel family.
It was not until this conflict had been resolved, and financial matters had been satisfactorily
arranged through the establishment of the Nobel Foundation in Sweden in 1900, that the
Norwegian Nobel Committee and the other prize-awarding bodies could begin their work.
•FIRST AWARD
The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in 1901. The Peace Prize for that year was shared between
the Frenchman Frédéric Passy and the Swiss Jean Henry Dunant.

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