NSTP Module 3
NSTP Module 3
NSTP Module 3
Introduction
In module 2, you have learned that citizenship training encompasses knowing and understanding
yourself. You have also deepened your understanding of good citizenship values and leadership.
In this module, you will explore topics on drugs, drug prevention and control, and its legal bases.
Drug abuse and addiction are some of the most common problems faced by the youth in our
country, resulting in other issues such as crimes and drug syndicates.
Intended Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
1. Explain drug abuse and other drug-related terms;
2. Analyze possible causes and effects of drug abuse;
3. Create drug abuse awareness campaign;, and,
4. Recommend actions by which the national drug situation can be controlled and prevented.
Preliminary Activity
Watch the documentary film related to the Philippines drug war situation
entitled “On the Presidents Orders” you can watch the video by the given link
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qugduxazBBg and give your insights
regarding the video.
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Now, let us explore Drugs its legal bases, definition and terms,
effects, and preventions.
P.D. 1619
Penalizing the use or possession or the unauthorized sale to minors of volatile substances to induce
intoxication or in any manner changing, distorting or disturbing the auditory, visual, or mental
process.
Section 1: Volatile substances as used in this Decree shall mean and include any liquid, solid or
mixed substance having the property of releasing toxic vapors or fumes containing one or more of
the following chemical compounds: methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, n-propyl
acetate, n-butyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl butyl ketone, benzene, toluene,
xylene, styrene, naphthalene, n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, methylene chloride,
trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, nitrous oxide, dichlorodifluoromethane,
chlorodifluoromethane, isoamyl nitrate, ether or chloroform or any other chemical substance
which when sniffed, smelled, inhaled, or introduced into the physiological system of the body
produces or induces a condition of intoxication, inebriation, excitement, stupefaction, dulling of
the brain or nervous system, depression, giddiness, paralysis, or irrational behaviour or in any
manner changing, distorting or disturbing the auditory, visual or mental processes.
R.A. 9165-"Comprehensive Drug Act of 2002"
Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 or the Republic Act 9165 is an act that supersedes
R.A. 6425 or the Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972. This amended law practices a more intensive
approach against drug abuse, trafficking, and enforcement. It also emphasizes the role of the
educational system in information dissemination and prevention campaigns. It re-evaluates the
procedures, policies, and programs concerning drug abuse. It highlights the importance of
rehabilitation and reintegration of rehabilitated individuals into society.
The following are considered as Dangerous Drugs: (source: Dangerous Drug board)
Narcotics
Stimulants (caffeine, cocaine)
Barbiturates
Hypnotics
Methamphetamines (shabu)
Nicotine
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Ketamine
Ephedrine and Pseudo-Ephedrine
On the other hand, the following are controlled precursor/ essential drugs:
RA 9165 is the thrust to safeguard the state's integrity, its citizens from the harmful effects of
dangerous drugs, enhance the efficiency of the law against dangerous drugs. Enhance campaign
against trafficking and use of hazardous drugs re-integrate drug users back into the society (
Guiao, 2008)
Besides, RA 9165 serves as the Bible in the implementation of dangerous drug prevention and
control in the country. It also guides everyone in the right approach towards issues geared against
drug activities. (Labuguen,2008)
Activity 1:
Instructions: In not more than two (2) sentences, say something about the following concepts. Use a
separate paper for this activity.
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2. Drugs: its definitions and other related terms
DRUGS are chemicals that affect a person in such a way as to bring about physiological,
emotional, or behavioral change. 'Dangerous drugs' are those that have a high tendency for abuse
and dependency. These substances may be organic or synthetic and pose harm to those who use
them.
DRUG ABUSE is the continuous misuse of any substance, licit, illicit, which results in changes in
an individual's physical, mental, or behavioral condition. Drug abuse exists when a person
continually uses a drug other than its intended purpose. This continued can lead to drug
dependence, a state of physical and psychological support, or both on a dangerous drug.
DRUG DEPENDENCY is the state of physical and psychological dependence, or both, on a
dangerous drug, or drugs, experienced by a person following the use of that substance on a
periodic or continuous basis. A person dependent on drugs will experience withdrawal reactions
(also known as "cold turkey," symptoms that occur after long-term use of a drug is reduced or
stopped abruptly) after abstaining from drugs.
DRUG ADDICTION is complex and often chronic brain disease. It is characterized by excessive
drug craving, seeking, and use. Addiction is caused by brain changes caused by constant drug use.
Three Major Types of Drug Problems
1. The 1st type of drug problem arises from the intended side effects of medically prescribed drug and
over-the-counter preparations.
2. The 2nd is the Dangerous Drug Board's concern is the misuse, abuse, or addiction characterized by
how a person acquires drugs and the purpose which is intended.
3. The 3rd is the recreational use of drugs for which no prohibition or social sanctions against their
use exist.
Classification of Drug Abusers
Substance abusers can be classified according to the frequency of their use:
1. Experimenters – people who abuse the drug(s) for an experimental basis.
2. Occasional Users – abuse the drug occasionally/whenever there are special occasions. They
manipulate the medicine once every two (2) weeks to two (2) times a week.
3. Regular Users – abuse the drug regularly approximately three (3) to four (4) times a week or
every other day.
4. Drug Dependents – people who tend to abuse the drug(s) every day (almost every day) or about
five (5) to seven (7) times a week.
5. Mentally Ill Chemical Abuser/Substance-Induced Psychosis – drug abusers who manifest signs
and symptom of psychotic disorders caused by the effects of drugs (hallucinations, disorientation,
delusions, etc.)
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3. The National Drug Situation (PDEA 2017 ANNUAL REPORT)
The Philippines remains to be a country that produces and consumes illegal drugs. Illegal drugs
proliferate in the Philippine market because of the vast number of drug dependents who patronize not only
one but several types of illicit drugs or otherwise called poly-drug users. Two of the most prevalent and
most abuse drugs in the Philippines are methamphetamine hydrochloride or shabu and Cannabis Sativa or
marijuana. Based on the data of drug-related arrests in the country, the primary drug of choice is shabu at
96.43%, followed by marijuana at 3.36% and other drugs (ecstasy, cocaine, nubain, valium).
The emergence of new drugs in the country puts another risk in the lives of Filipinos. As of now,
new emerging drugs are identified to have entered the country. These include new psychoactive
substances under the UNODC watch. In the Philippines, however, there are NPS that are already
classified as dangerous drugs following DDB Regulations such as salvia Divinorum, Benzylpiperazine,
ketamine, and Alpha-Pyrrolidinopentiophenone or flakka. People who suffered from addiction to illegal
drugs more often than not put a strain on their personal and professional life. Aside from health concerns,
these people tend to lose their homes, families, friends, and jobs. These dependents tend to have financial
strains due to their investments in illegal drugs, which are very costly. For F.Y. 2017, the price of shabu is
Php 5,000 per gram. Marijuana is priced at Php 100 per gram. Cocaine is valued at Php 4,200 per gram,
while ecstasy's price is at Php 1,500 per tablet.
Due to the vast and porous shorelines and the various entry and exit points in the country, the
advancers of illegal activities are very resilient and irrepressible to do illicit traffic in and out of the
country. Illegal drug trafficking is the most prevalent and pervasive unlawful drug activity in the
Philippines. This includes the transportation of dangerous drugs and controlled precursors and essential
chemicals (CPECs), manufacture, distribution, and use of illegal drugs. In this regard, illicit drug
trafficking proves to be a massive market in the country. Drug trafficking organizations are the foundation
of the illegal drug trade. They usually function as the manufacturer of unlawful drugs in and out of the
country.
This results in drug syndicates, transnational and local, exploiting and utilizing Filipinos, who are
easily enticed by the enormous amount of money involved, to be drug couriers. Among these
organizations are the African Drug Syndicates (ADS), Chinese/Filipino-Chinese Drug Syndicate, and the
Mexican Sinaloa Drug Syndicate. With the President's strong pronouncement to address the country's
drug problem at the community level, there is the continuous monitoring and assessment of the drug
situation at the barangay level. As of December 2017, out of the total 42,036 barangays in the country,
24,424, or 58.10%, are drug-affected.
(SOURCE: http://pdea.gov.ph/our-accomplishments/annual-reports)
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1. Experimenting – It is not uncommon for addiction to stem from being curious and experimenting with
drugs or alcohol. It is a scenario that often starts with a young person using alcohol or marijuana out of
curiosity. While it seems harmless, adolescents that experiment with drugs and alcohol are more likely to
develop substance use disorder, according to the National Institute on Drug Abuse.
2. Family History / Genetics - If you have a family history of drug addiction, you may have a genetic
predisposition to develop an addiction to drugs or alcohol. It is stated that about 30% – 70% of a person's
risk for addiction is linked to the genes they are born with and other social factors.
3. Prescription Drugs - There is a popular misconception that any medication prescribed by a doctor is
safe. Unfortunately, that is not always the case. Doctors prescribe medications to alleviate symptoms of
physical or mental health issues. However, many individuals are not adequately educated on the risks that
the drugs may carry. Chronic pain is often managed through opioid medications, which are highly
addictive. Dependent upon the amount used and other factors, someone may require a medical detox just
to stop using opioids. Likewise, those suffering from anxiety and depression may be prescribed addictive
medications to ease symptoms. Non-addictive medicines and pain recovery services are often available.
4. Loneliness - Addiction can start when an individual feels lonely or is isolated from friends and family.
They turn to drugs and alcohol, thinking that it will fill a void they live with. People lacking positive daily
interaction may choose to use substances to feel happy or content. Additionally, users begin to alienate
themselves further if they fear being judged or that help is not available to them.
5. Peer Pressure - Peer pressure usually applies to adolescents or young adults. The need to fit in, on
some level, is built into each one of us. Some people may feel the need to participate in potentially
harmful activities to do so. The pressure of being around others who are abusing drugs or alcohol can
push someone to follow suit.
6. Drugs And Alcohol Can Make You Feel Good - There is a famous quote in the Big Book of
Alcoholics Anonymous that states: "Men and women drink essentially because they like the effect
produced by alcohol." While this seems obvious, some people like the effect so much that they are unable
to stop. It may be difficult to see the harm in something that makes you feel good.
7. Mental Health Disorder - Depression, anxiety, and PTSD can put individuals at higher risk of
developing an addiction. Using substances to cope with complicated feelings may seem like an easier path
for some. Though they may seem crippling, there is help available to anyone struggling with a mental
health disorder. Non-narcotic medications are often available for most mental health disorders. It's worth
researching with a doctor to see if there is an alternative to addictive drugs.
8. Recreation - Many people use drugs or alcohol socially with friends or to "unwind" after a long day.
They often see substances as a way to relax or clear their minds. Recreational drug users are still at risk of
becoming addicted if their use becomes more frequent or they use highly addictive substances.
9. Alcohol Isn't Enough - For some, alcohol stops doing the trick. A few beers after work or having
drinks with friends at a local bar just doesn't have the same effect that it used to. Some individuals end up
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"chasing a buzz" that they were once able to attain with a few drinks. This can leave someone powerless
over alcohol and unable to quit drinking.
10. Self-Medicating - People struggling with many ailments may turn to drugs or alcohol to ease their
pain. Mental health disorders and chronic pain leave some seeking solutions on their own. Alcohol or
other substances can alleviate symptoms and seem like a short-term solution. However, people should
look for manageable, long-term solutions under medical supervision to combat these issues.
Commonly Signs of Drug Abuse
The profile of a drug dependent or a substance • Stealing items which can be readily sold
abuser is as follows:
• Unusual borrowing of money from relatives and
• Changes in attendance in school or work friends
• Changes in the standard capabilities in • Association with known drug abusers
school/work
• Abrupt changes in overall attitude
• Generally lazy, irritable, discourteous, aggressive
• Usually untrustworthy and lacks self-confidence
• Manipulative
• Have a distorted view of reality
• Low frustration tolerance
• Con-game player
• Lacks interest in his studies/work (withdrawal
from responsibilities)
• Blames everybody but himself (blame tosser)
• No respect for the rights of others
• Prefers to stay with peers (barkada)
• May frequently go to odd places (to take drugs)
• Poor physical appearance (unconcerned with
grooming and hygiene)
• Wearing of sunglasses at inappropriate times
• Unusual effort to cover arms to hide needle
marks (long-sleeved garments)
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4. Commonly Abused Drugs: its effects and preventions
Drugs that are commonly abused:
1. ALCOHOL
Alcohol abuse is a pattern of problem drinking
resulting in health consequences, social problems, or both.
However, alcohol dependence, or alcoholism, refers to a
disease characterized by abnormal alcohol-seeking behavior
that leads to impaired control over drinking.
2. METHAMPHETAMINE
Methamphetamine is a stimulant drug
chemically related to amphetamine but with more
substantial effects on the central nervous system.
Street names for the medication include "speed,"
"meth," and "crank." Methamphetamine is used in
pill form or powdered form by snorting or injecting.
Crystallized methamphetamine is known as "ice,"
"crystal," or "glass," which is a smokable and more potent form of the drug.
3. COCAINE
Cocaine is a white powder that comes from the leaves of
the South American coca plant. Cocaine is either "snorted"
through the nasal passages or injected intravenously. Cocaine
belongs to a class of drugs known as stimulants, which gives a
temporary illusion of limitless power and energy that leaves the
user feeling depressed, edgy, and craving more. A crack is a
smokable form of cocaine that has been chemically altered.
Cocaine and crack are highly addictive. This addiction can erode
physical and mental health and can become so intense that these
drugs dominate all aspects of an addict's life.
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4. HALLUCINOGENS
Hallucinogenic drugs are substances that
distort the perception of objective reality.
The most well-known hallucinogens include
phencyclidine, otherwise known as PCP,
angel dust, or love boat; lysergic acid
diethylamide, commonly known as LSD or
acid; mescaline and peyote; and psilocybin,
or "magic" mushrooms. Under the influence
of hallucinogens, the senses of direction,
distance, and time become disoriented.
These drugs can produce unpredictable,
erratic, and violent behavior in users that
sometimes leads to severe injuries and death.
The effect of hallucinogens can last for 12
hours.
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Effects of Drug Abuse
In several sources, it has been indicated that there are many effects of drug abuse. The results can be
classified as follows:
1. Physiological/Physical Effects
A. Systemic
a. Cardiac (Heart) Pathology – irregularity of heartbeat, elevated or lowered blood
pressure, chest pain, convulsions, or death from cardiac arrest.
b. Pulmonary (Lung) Illnesses
c. Hepatic (Liver) Problems
d. Renal (Kidney) Diseases
B. General Health
a. Malnutrition or weight loss
b. Infections
c. Accidents
d. Blood Transmitted Disease
C. Usage
a. Tolerance – the individual needs more drugs to achieve the same effects they did
previously with a smaller amount
b. Dependence – the substance becomes the central point to the individual's life, and they
can't function properly without it
c. Withdrawal – this happens when the individual reduced or stopped the substance use.
d. Overdose – the level of intoxication reaches a point where it produces physical and
psychological harm. This can lead to death.
2. Psychological/Mental Health Effects
A. Perception – auditory and visual hallucinations
B. Orientation – paranoia, psychosis
C. Memory
D. Judgment – a depression that leads to suicide
E. Stress – either heightening or weakening of emotions
3. Economic Effects
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A. Employment loss – individuals lose their effectivity and efficiency in the workplace
B. Academic difficulties – for the youth, being unable to accomplish their course work can
affect their performance at school and their grades
C. Financial problems – addiction to a substance requires more monetary resources since the
individual is forced to consume more of the sense to get their fix
4. Social Effects
A. Conflictual / Dysfunctional Relationships – an individual under the influence of drugs
creates tension and conflict with their family members and peers that can result in broken
relationships and abandonment.
B. Violence – some of the chemicals in the abused substance can impair the mind to think
illogically and act aggressively to have the individual act violently in social settings.
C. Safety – an individual under the influence of drugs can put someone in dangerous
circumstances and be prone to accidents.
Youth's in Drug Abuse Prevention
As drug abuse and addiction are prevalent in the younger generation, the youth must take part in
its prevention and rehabilitation efforts. Youth group or organizations can be a vehicle in which their
community can help alleviate or eradicate the possibility of drug abuse. Whether individually or as a
group, the youth is a tremendous driving force that could shape the country's drug abuse prevention
initiative. Here are some ways the child can step up in this endeavor:
1. UNDERSTAND. Know the concept and reality of drug abuse. Having a grasp of the addiction can help
in avoiding it and watching out for others.
2. LISTEN. Open yourself up to the knowledge of the experts and experiences of others that have
undergone the abuse. Hear the stories and get their lessons to heart.
3. SHARE. Share your knowledge and network in aiding others towards being informed and recognizing
their role in drug prevention.
4. ENCOURAGE. Give your peers and family members a good push in the right direction, whether its
prevention or rehabilitation.
5. SUPPORT. Take part in activities beneficial in the drug abuse prevention initiative. Add your presence
to the growing force tackling this issue.
6. ORGANIZE. Great minds think alike. Having a mutual goal, it is more purposeful to combine efforts
and sources to significantly impact the concern.
7. INFORM. Approach appropriate government agencies regarding incidents and cases of drug abuse.
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Summary
Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 or the Republic Act 9165 is an act that supersedes
R.A. 6425 or the Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972. This amended law practices a more intensive approach
against drug abuse, trafficking, and enforcement. It also emphasizes the role of the educational system in
information dissemination and prevention campaigns. It re-evaluates the procedures, policies, and
programs concerning drug abuse. It highlights the importance of rehabilitation and reintegration of
rehabilitated individuals into society.
RA 9165 is the thrust to safeguard the state's integrity, its citizens from the harmful effects of
dangerous drugs, enhance the efficiency of the law against dangerous drugs. Enhance campaigns against
trafficking and the use of hazardous drugs re-integrate drug users back into society ( Guiao, 2008).
Besides, RA 9165 serves as the Bible in the implementation of dangerous drug prevention and control in
the country. It also guides everyone in the right approach towards issues geared against drug activities.
(Labuguen,2008)
References
1. Mactal, J. (2019) Modular Textbook on NSTP 1-RA 9163 [25 Hour standard modules], Bulacan,
Philippines., St. Andrews Publishing House
2. Dela Cruz, S. (2019) National Development via National Service Training Program (RA 9163)
Common Modules for CWTS, LTS and ROTC., Mandaluyong City, Philippines, Books Atbp.
Publishing Corporation
3. Punzalan, M. (2018) National Service Training Program. Manila City, Philippines. Mindshapers
Co., Inc.
4. https://www.lawphil.net/statutes/presdecs/pd1979/pd_1619_1979.html#:~:text=PRESIDENTIAL
%20DECREE%20No.%201619%20PENALIZING%20THE%20USE%20OR,OR%20DISTURBING%20THE
%20AUDITORY%2C%20VISUAL%20OR%20MENTAL%20PROCESS
5. https://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2002/ra_9165_2002.html
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Activity 1. CASE ANALYSIS
Instructions: Read the case and answer the questions given below. Write your answers on the sheet
provided for this task. Do not use an extra sheet of paper.
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be checked. I did not remind him that he did the same thing to me a couple of times already. I was just
grateful I could hear his voice.
Living it High
That little taste started me on a path of getting high at school and then eventually dropping out altogether.
Classes interfered with my drug life. What I thought was normal behavior was not normal at all. I was out
of control and addicted to drugs. All I wanted to do was hang out and get high – and I could never get
high enough.
During the Christmas break, he sent me home with enough heroin to get through the holidays. However, I
will never forget walking into my room and seeing my parents, brother, and younger sister waiting there.
My father was holding heroin. They asked me where I had gotten it, but apparently, they already knew, as
my best friend told them it was why we had drifted apart during the first semester. We fought, and I tried
defending my situation. Having no exit, I left home and wandered the streets.
I was with my boyfriend, which made it easy for me to abuse the drug. I was living on the doorstep of
death every day, almost unknowingly, because I had no idea how toxic and explosive the chemicals used
were at the time. Sometimes I would be up for days, smoking regularly. When I'd finally come down, I
was depleted. I would barely get out of bed for weeks.
Having no money for my habit, I even tried to stay sober at one point. I got a job at a local gas station to
support myself, but I started using drugs again after a month. I couldn't hold my job because I was too
sick and too high to function. I tried to lead a regular life, but I found that even the simplest things were
impossible. I could barely walk through the truckloads of garbage, dirty clothes, and other things I can't
seem to remember if its all my belongings. I can't eat a decent meal but instant noodles. I can't sleep
properly. I was severely thin because I wasn't taking care of myself. I'm 5'4," and at one point, I was about
90 pounds in weight. A few months later, my family found me. They took me home, their frail, slim, and
almost lifeless daughter.
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
1. Based on the case. What pushes someone to get involved with drugs? How do drugs change
one’s life?
2. Write your advice to all Cecilias out there.
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Activity 2
CHOOSE ONLY ONE OF THE FOLLOWING ACTIVITIES GIVEN BELOW.
A. Instructions: Create a slogan providing information about the dangers of drug
misuse to the general population. Use your creativity and imagination to present
your work. Then use the space provided below to explain the contents of your slogan.
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B. Instructions: Create an informative poster showing the cause and effect of drug
abuse. Include how drug addiction can be prevented and controlled. Use your
creativity and imagination to present your work. Use the space provided below in
doing your activity.
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RUBRIC FOR ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING EXERCICES
Case Rubric
Criteria (60-70%) (75-85%) (90-100%)
Points [12-12] [15-17] [18-20]
Conflict The student, through the The student was only able to The analysis provided demonstrates
Identification analysis presented, has recognize a single conflict from the student's recognition of the
[20] overlooked possible conflicts the case given. multiple problems presented in the
from the situation provided. case.
Points [12-12] [15-17] [18-20]
Plan of Action The plan of action given The plan of action yielded some The action plan provided multiple
[20] lacks clarity and direction. feasible plan in response to the specific, measurable, attainable, and
problem cited. realistic steps on how the conflicts
identified can be addressed.
Points [3.00-3.50] [3.75-4.25] [4.50-5.00]
Deadline Document submission fell The document is submitted one The document is submitted within
Compliance [5] beyond two weeks from the week later than the specified the given deadline.
set deadline. date of submission.
Points [3.00-3.50] [3.75-4.25] [4.50-5.00]
Writing Style The document follows a Follows format. However, some The paper reflects no errors in terms
and Format [5] different format and misspelled words and some of spelling and grammar and has
manifests multiple incorrect grammatical errors are present in followed the prescribed format.
spelling and grammatical the document.
errors.
Final score___________
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Slogan/ hashtag Rubric
Criteria (90-100%) (80-90%) (70-80%) (60-70%)
Points [18-20] [15-17] [12-14] [12-10]
Craftmanship The slogan is The slogan is attractive The slogan is acceptably The slogan is
[20] exceptionally attractive in in terms of neatness. attractive though it may distractingly messy.
terms of neatness. Well Good construction and be a bit messy.
constructed and not not very messy.
messy.
Points [37-40] [33--36] [30-32] [29-25]
Creativity The slogan is The slogan is creative, The slogan is creative, The slogan does not
[40] exceptionally creative. A and a good amount of and some thought was reflect any degree
lot of thought and effort thought was put into put into decorating it. of creativity.
was used to make the decorating it.
banner.
Points [15-13] [10-12] [7-9] [8-5]
Originality Exceptional use of new Good use of new ideas Average use of new No use of new ideas
[15] ideas and originality to and originality to create ideas and originality to and originality to
create a slogan. a slogan. create a slogan. create a slogan.
Points [25-23] [20-22] [17-19] [18-25}
Quality of Interesting, well Some details vague or Details somewhat Unable to find
information researched, informative, non-supporting of the sketchy, do not support specific details
[25] supporting details specific subject the topic
to the subject
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CATEGORY 5 3 2 1
Graphics - All graphics are related to the All graphics are related All graphics relate to Graphics do not
Relevance topic and make it easier to to the topic, and most the topic. Most relate to the topic,
understand. All borrowed make it easier to borrowed graphics OR several
graphics have a source understand. All have a source borrowed graphics
citation. borrowed graphics have citation. do not have a
a source citation. source citation.
Graphics - Several of the poster graphics One or two of the poster The graphics are No graphics made
Originality reflect an exceptional degree graphics reflect student made by the student, by the student are
of student creativity in their creativity in their but are based on the included.
creation and/or display. creation and/or display. designs or ideas of
others.
Required The poster includes all All required elements All but 1 of the Several required
Elements required elements as well as are included on the required elements elements were
additional information. poster. are included on the missing.
poster.
Attractiveness The poster is exceptionally The poster is attractive The poster is The poster is
attractive in terms of design, in terms of design, acceptably attractive distractingly
layout, and neatness. layout, and neatness. though it may be a messy or very
bit messy. poorly designed. It
is not attractive.
Grammar There are no grammatical There is 1 grammatical There are 2 There are more
mistakes on the poster. mistake on the poster. grammatical than 2
mistakes on the grammatical
poster. mistakes on the
poster.
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