Preventive Medicine and Public Health March PLE 2022

No. Question Choices Answer Discussion Area References

A. FACES
What family tool assessment is used to determine the B. SCREEM
1 B
capacity to participate in provision of health care? C. Family Tree
D. APGAR
A. Crude death rate
Poor maternal care, malnutrition, and poor environmental
B. Infant mortality rate
2 sanitation in the community are communicated by what B
C. Cumulative incidence rate
index?
D. Case fatality rate
A. Cross sectional
What is the study that measures the number of persons with B. Case control
3 A
influenza in 202? C. Case report
D. Cohort
A. First trimester
When is the recommended time to administer COVID B. Not recommended
4 B
vaccine during pregnancy? C. Any time during pregnancy
D. Second trimester
A study of the incidence of HIV in a village in Taguig city
was undertaken. All persons in the village are examined
during two surveys made two years apart, and the number
of new cases was used to determine the incidence rate. A. 20
Shown below are the results. B. 1.0
5 A
C. 10
D. 0.01

A. indolent
A case control study may have a particular advantage over B. rare
6 B
a cohort study when disease in question is C. fatal
D. virulent
A. When cold temperatures favor
disease outbreaks
B. Widely publicized fatalities caused
by emerging swine flu
7 What would be an example of the iceberg phenomenon?
C. Giving a medicine that only partially
treats an illness
D. The primary prevention of colon
cancer
_________ is the cumulative incidence of the disease when
8 the duration of the disease is short and the observation
period is
A. Pre-pathogenesis
A fishball vendor can be exposed to an Omicron virus
B. Pathogenesis
9 positive customer. During what period should primary A
C. Any of the above
prevention be observed?
D. Resolution or sequelae
A. life expectancy
The number of deaths from SARS-CoV in December 2021
B. case fatality rate
10 over the number of diagnosed cases of SARS-CoV in the B
C. standardized mortality ratio
same period is the __________
D. crude mortality rate
A. Varicella vaccine
Mrs. Mendiola is on her 1st trimester of pregnancy. Which B. Influenza vaccine
11 A
vaccine should NOT be administered? C. Hepatitis B vaccine
D. Tetanus toxoid
A. After 7 days
During pregnancy, when should the vaccination be
B. After 1 month
12 scheduled in consideration of TDap, Flu, and other D
C. After 14 days
vaccines?
D. After 3 months
A. 2.8, 3, 2
In 11 students surveyed, the number of sublings per student Mean: 31/11 = 2.8 (average of data set)
B. 2, 2.8, 3
13 were 4,5,2,2,3,1,4,2,3,2, and 3. What is the mean, median, A Median: 3 (value in the middle of data set)
C. 3, 2.8, 2
and mode numbers of siblings per student? Mode: 2 (most frequently occurring)
D. 2.8, 2, 3
A. 20.28% of infants per 1000 of the
population died in 2021
B. 17.97% of infants died before
The current infant mortality rate of the Philippines for 2022 is reaching their first birthday per 1000 Infant mortality is the death of an infant before his or https://www.cdc.
14 17.968 per 1000 live births, a 2.31% decline from 2021. live births B her first birthday. The infant mortality rate is the gov/reproductivehealth/maternalinf
What does this imply? C. 17.97% of infants died before number of infant deaths for every 1,000 live births. anthealth/infantmortality.htm
reaching their first birthday
D. 17.97% of all deaths occurred in
infants below one year
During the investigation of an outbreak of food poisoning at
a catered party, food histories were obtained from all
15 attendees as indicated in the table below. What is the
MOST likely incriminated food item? https://www.cdc.
A. ice cream gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/lesson3/s
A food-specific attack rate is the number of persons
B. fruit salad ection2.html#:~:text=Overall%
C? who ate a specified food and became ill divided by
C. Lasagna 20attack%20rate%20is%20the,
the total number of persons who ate that food.
D. Barbecue the%20previous%20potato%
20salad%20example.

A. Low incidence
What kind of disease occurrence would tend to overestimate B. High incidence
16 D
the point prevalence? C. Short duration
D. Long duration
Assuming that rapid antigen tests has a sensitivity of 90%
A. 2/10
and a specificity of 98% and that consecutive tests are
B. 1/10
17 independent, what is the probability that a call center agent A?
C. 1/100
with possible COVID-19 will have a negative screening test
D. 4/100
for two consecutive months?
A. Selection bias
Which bias occurs when smoking and alcohol use are
B.Saturation effect
18 associated and the effect of one is linked with/or distorted by C
C. Confounding bias
the effect of the other?
D. Measurement bias
A. Economic incentives
What would BEST control injuries, both in and out of the
B. Law enforcement
19 workplace? B?
C. Ergonomic plans
D. Education
If the number of people who got OMICRON during a A. Cumulative incidence
specified period over the number of people free of the B. Incidence rate
20 C
OMICRON in the population at risk at the beginning of the C. Period prevalence
period is calculated, what is this called? D. Point prevalence
 Preventive Medicine and Public Health March PLE 2022
No. Question Choices Answer Discussion Area References
For symptomatic, not severely immunocompromised
adults with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 diagnosis
and any vaccination status, we suggest the use of the
following symptom-based criteria for return to work
A. 7 clearance: (Very low certainty of evidence; Weak
Fully vaccinated COVID-positive cases who are https://www.psmid.org/philippine-
B. 14 recommendation)
21 asymptomatic or with mild to moderate symptoms need to D covid-19-living-recommendations-
C. 21
be isolated for how many days? 3/
D. 10 At least 10 days have passed since the onset of
symptoms; AND
No fever during the previous 24 hours; AND
There has been substantial improvement in
respiratory symptoms of the acute illness.
A. Fever
B. Frequency
22 Which of the following symptoms is NOT typical of cystitis? A
C. Dysuria
D. Back pain
“Immunogenicity” refers to the ability of any antigen
A. Immunogenicity
An uncommon infection with severe clinical manifestations or vaccine to trigger the body's immune response.
B. Infectivity
23 has stricken the community. The proportion of clinical cases B Infectivity is the ability of a pathogen to establish an
C. Virulence
observed BEST describes the agent's _____________ infection. Pathogenicity refers to the ability of an
D. Pathogenicity
organism to cause disease.
Tertiary disease prevention is treatment to reduce
complications from disease that is ongoing or has
A. Tertiary
A 70-year-old patient develops physical disabilities resulting long-term effects. Infarct has already occured. First Aid USMLE Step 1 2021,
B. Secondary
24 from a cerebral infract. What level of prevention should care A Primary disease prevention is for preventing disease Public Health Sciences --
C. None of the above
be directed to? before it occurs, and secondary disease prevention is Healthcare Delivery, p. 278
D. Primary
screening early and managing existing but
asymptomatic disease.
A. Physical distancing
B. Chloroquine prophylaxis
Dengue hemorrhagic fever has been on the rise. What is the
25 C. Elimination of vector habitats C
MOST effective way to prevent its occcurrence?
D. Intake of iron and Vitamin B
complex supplements
A. Symptom carrier
B. Symptom overload
26 _________ denotes the detouring sign (in family mapping)
C. Symptom imbalance
D. Symptom significance
A. during the convalescent stage of
the disease
B. before host and agent interaction
occur First Aid USMLE Step 1 2021,
Primary disease prevention: Prevent disease before it
27 It is BEST to institute the first level of prevention _____. C. after the convalescent stage of the B Public Health Sciences --
occurs
disease Healthcare Delivery, p. 278
D. during the initial interaction
between the agent, the host and
environment
A. Weight for height
What is the MOST useful indicator for long-term nutritional B. Middle-upper arm circumference Stunting is the result of long-term nutritional WHO Nutrition Landscape
28 D
deficiency in adults? C. Weight for age deprivation Information System
D. Height for age
A 24-year-old female with no known co-morbids developed A. Supportive Treatment
fever, and sore throat, with no other associated symptoms B. Azithromycin HPAAC Unified COVID-19
29 A
and normal oxygenation. She then tested positive for SARS- C. Molnupiravir Algorithms
CoV-2 infection. What is the BEST treatment for her? D. Dexamethasone and Remdesivir
A. artificial acquired passive
First Aid USMLE Step 1 2021,
A baby is born with inherent antibodies acquired from the B. artificial acquired active Passive Immunity: Receiving preformed antibodies
30 C Immunology -- Immune
mother. This is labeled _____ immunity. C. natural acquired passive (ex. maternal IgG crossing placenta)
Responses, p. 110
D. natural acquired active
A. Members uphold universal values
B. Members demand respect and
equitable treatment
Journals of the Philippine
31 What assumption is NOT consistent about the family? C. Members can be assertive and
Academy of Family Physicians
independent thinking
D. Members are capable of making
well-informed decisions
A. Admission
_____ is for those who have been exposed (close contact
B. Lockdown HPAAC Unified COVID-19
32 with a confirmed case of COVID-19) and can possibly C
C. Quarantine Algorithms
develop infection.
D. Isolation
A. incidence in rural areas
B. among the primis than secundis
C. among the very young and the very
33 Maternal Mortality has been shown to be higer _____.
old mothers
D. among the primis than the
multigravids
A. Polyunsaturated fat
What substance in our diet intake has been noted to be B. Alcohol
34
INVERSELY linked with blood pressure? C. Sodium
D. Calcium
A. A good quality CXR film is needed
to initially guide clinician in identifying
presumptive PTB for further
bacteriological confirmation.
B. Patients with CXR findings
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the
35 suggestive of PTB even without
role of chest radiographs in PTB diagnosis?
symptom is a Presumptive TB
C. Bilateral apical infiltrates on CXR is
considered specific for active PTB
D. A single CXR film cannot
accurately confirm active PTB
A. 130/80
What is the blood pressure target that has been shown to be B. 120/75
36
renoprotective? C. 115/75
D. 125/80
A. Hospitals catering to COVID-19
cases
What does A1-3 refer to in the priority population groups for B. Government-owned community
37
COVID-19 immunization? based primary care facilities
C. COVID-19 referral hospitals
D. Quarantine/isolation facilities
 Preventive Medicine and Public Health March PLE 2022
No. Question Choices Answer Discussion Area References
A. Only health promotion involves
material and methods that are
generally non-medical
B. Only health promotion is targeted at
How is health promotion differentiated from disease specific disease
38
prevention? C. Only health promotion is targeted
at population rather than individuals
D. Only health promotion can begin
before a disease becomes
symptomatic
A. A 75 year-old male who is
diagnosed with Liver cirrhosis
B. A 35 year-old male who is
diagnosed with Hypertension and
Among the following patients, which is HIGHLY susceptible Obesity
39
to develop severe COVID-19 illness? C. A 10 year-old female who has
controlled Brochial asthma
D. A 60 year-old female who has been
in remission from Breast Cancer for 2
years
A. the throat
B. both sides of nasal cavity and
When collecting swab samples for RT-PCR testing,
40 throat
sample/s must be taken from ______.
C. one side of nostril and throat
D. one side of nasal cavity
A. Health care
Which of the following factors has a relatively minor B. Educational attainment
41
contribution to individual health? C. Family income
D. Potable water
A. allowing employees to take on
responsibility once the implementation
has begun
Implementing a health systems decision must be planned B. ordering the steps necessary to
42 carefully. Adequate planning requires all of the following achieve a fully operational decision
steps, EXCEPT ______. C. determining how things will look
when the decision is fully operational
D. listing the resources and activities
needed to implement the decision
A. social capital
The set of skills composed of understanding and managing
B. self-reliance
43 yourself and dealing effectively with others is labeled
C. career management
_______.
D. emotional intelligence
A. humoral-mediated immunity
Mothers' breastmilk can be passed to their infants to afford
B. cell-mediated immunity
44 protection from disease. This transfer of immunity is an
C. passive immunity
example of ______.
D. active immunity
A. when providing care to the general
public who are not known or
suspected COVID-19 patients
B. performing administrative/support
duties in records, billing and
In DOH Administrative Order No. 2022-0001, the Moderate
accounting, pharmacy, human
45 Risk Classification (MRC) is defined by the following,
resource department
EXCEPT ______.
C. MRC is increased due to constant
exposure to a large number of people
D. working as a staff in areas within a
health facility such as OPD triage,
Malasakit Centers, birthing center, etc.
A. They are different because "need"
is professionally defined and
"demand" is patient driven.
B. They are different because "need"
Which of the following BEST reflects the relationship takes cost into consideration and
46 between the "need" for health care and the "demand" for "demand" depends on exigencies.
health care? C. They are the same when barriers to
care are marginal and equitably
available.
D. They are synonymous and the
application equates with the other.
A. Competitiveness
Which of these refers to the practices aimed at discovering B. Knowledge management
47
and harnessing an organization's intellectual resources? C. Creativity
D. Collaboration
A. self-selection produces a biased
sample
B. false positive results are pervasive
Information obtained through screening at medical missions
48 C. comorbid conditions may be
are of little epidemiological value because ______.
concealed
D. most conditions are sporadic in
random samples
First objective is to ensure universal access to
A. treatment of all existing cases reliable diagnosis, highly
B. Vigilance against reinfection effective and appropriate treatment and preventive
National Strategic Plan for the
Malaria is endemic in some areas of the Philippines. Its C. total eradication of the mosquito measures. Under which, one of the strategies is to
49 A/B Control and Elimination of Malaria
definitive control is based on the _____. vector maintain, expand, strengthen, adapt and augment
in the Philippines
D. complete eradication of the anti-malaria interventions in areas with malaria
plasmodium parasite transmission via case management and vector
control.

Another measure of prognosis after a diagnosis is the

A. they are older and have
case-fatality. This metric refers to the proportion (or
comorbidities
percentage) of persons with a particular condition
B. There [sic] undergo testing more
The causes for high case fatality rates (CFR) is who die within a specified period of time. Often, case- Medical Epidemiology: Population
than other personelle
50 multifactorial. Assuming but not granting, that hospital C fatality is incorrectly referred to as a rate or a ratio, Health and Effective Health Care,
C. they are more exposed and
employees have high CFR, this indicates that ___. but it is more accurately described as a risk or 5e
susceptible to the disease
probability. It is calculated mathematically here CF is
D. They have wanton disregard for
case-fatality, D is the number of deaths, and A is the
disease precautions
number of persons with the condition of interest.
 Preventive Medicine and Public Health March PLE 2022
No. Question Choices Answer Discussion Area References
Infected animals include many wild and domesticated
animals, especially rodents, which excrete the
spirochete in their urine. Infected patients typically
A. Polyuria
have had contact with dogs; swam, rafted, or waded
B. Ingestion of contaminated water
Which of the following is TRUE regarding the history and/or in contaminated surface water; or farmed or
C. Contact of patient with Tintinalli's Emergency Medicine:
clinical manifestations that should alert a health practitiner to B gardened in contaminated areas. Outbreaks
leptospirorsis A Comprehensive Study Guide, 9e
suspect Leptospirosis? commonly occur after flooding.25 Although the risk to
D. Chronic fever of two weeks in
most routine travelers is low, recent ecotourists and
duration
adventure travelers have become infected after
intense water exposure (such as percutaneous
51 contact or ingestion)
Bar chart or bar graph- A chart or graph used with
nominal characteristics to display the numbers or
A. All of the above
percentages of observations with the characteristic of
What presentation/s is/are appropriate for the distribution of B. Vertical bar diagram
C? interest. Basic & Clinical Biostatistics, 5e
HIV patients in Region 3? C. Frequency polygon
Frequency polygons display distributions of numerical
D. Pie chart
observations
52
Droplet nuclei tranmsission occur via 1-5um diamter
A. Measles
particles which deposit in the alveoli of the lungs. Per
Transmission through airborne droplet nuclei has been B. Human parainfluenza Fishman's Pulmonary Diseases
A particle contains a few microbes and are susceptble
demonstrated in which of the following viruses? C. Respiratory syncytial and Disorders, 6e
to UV light. Example pathogens are Measles, TB,
D. Influenza AH5N1
53 and varicella.
Given preferrably 90 minutes after birth. Areas with
A. Newborns high TB infection incidence should routinely
B. Grade I children immunize infants with a single dose of BCG at birth. If
In the Expanded Program of Immunization, BCG is given to A NIP booklet
C. Toddlers not given at birth, BCG may be given at the infant’s
D. infants first contact with the health system before turning one
54 year old
Prepaid group practices were renamed “health
___ is when members are voluntarily enroled and are paid A. Managed care maintenance organizations” in the 1970s, with the
up for a pre-determined, prepaid period with an organized B. Socialized care term health maintenance designed to suggest that Understanding Health Policy: A
55 D
health maintenance group offering a set of comprehensive C. Fee for service care these systems would place more emphasis on Clinical Approach, 8e
of benefits. D. Life Insurance preventive care than had the traditional medical
model.
A. proper waste collection and
Utilitarians hold that maximizing what is good for all is
disposal B. accessibility to potable
The utilitarian approach that ensures a healthy all there is to morality. It makes moral decisions
56 B. accessibility to potable water water Utilitarianism in Public Health
community is simple by supplying a single measure of rightness:
C. health education C. health education
maximization of utility.
D. provision of food and medicines
The first element—capacity of an information medium
A. minimizing costs.
or channel—is influenced by three characteristics: (1)
B. facilitating rapid, two-way feedback.
The capacity of an information channel is influenced by all of the ability to handle multiple cues simultaneously; (2) Encyclopedia of Management
57 C. handling multiple cues A. minimizing costs
these, EXCEPT _______. the ability to facilitate rapid, two-way feedback; and Theory
simultaneously.
(3) the ability to establish a personal presence or
D. establishing a personal focus.
focus for the communication.
A. Correlation is done several times
Correlation is a relationship between 1 dependent
simultaneously
and 1 independent variable. The value of the number
B. Correlation of 1 means no D. Correlation is a
indicates the strengthof the relationship: r = 0 means
58 In Linear regression: correlation relationship between two
there is no correlation. r = 1 means there is perfect
C. The y is dichotomous variables
positive correlation. r = -1 means there is a perfect
D. Correlation is a relationship
negative correlation.
between 2 variables
A. Sample size
What determines the (statistical power) of a randomized The 4 primary factors that affect the power of a Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports
B. P value
59 controlled trial to detect a significant difference between A. Sample size statistical test are α level, difference between group Physical Therapy
C. 95% confidence interval
Aflibercept and Bevacizumab? means, variability among subjects, and sample size. x
D. Level of significance
Standard Deviation, Variance, Coefficient of Variation
A. Standard deviation and Range are measures of dispersion but the Mean,
The following are measures of dispersion in distribution B. Variance A. Standard deveation Mode, and Median are the measure of central Measures of dispersion
60
curves? C. Mean B. Variance tendency. Variance - considered by statisticians a TN handout
D. Mode primary measure and is used extensively. Standard
deviation - most common and useful measure.
The effect size in the independent t-test now tells
how strong the difference between the groups is. In
the independent t-test, this is done by comparing
differences in means. The effect size for a t-test for
A. Calculating Pearson's r
independent samples is usually calculated using
B. Calculating the point-biserial
Which of the following is NOT a method of obtaining the D. Calculating the Cohen's d.To calculate the effect size, the mean Using Effect Size—or Why the P
61 correlation
effect size from an independent samples t-test? difference of means difference is standardized i.e. divided by the standard Value Is Not Enough
C. Calculating Cohen's d
deviation. However, the standard deviation of the
D. Calculating the difference of means
population is not known. In order to estimate the
effect size with full confidence, the hedges g, also
often just called d, is used. With hedges g, only
parameters of the sample are used. [1]
A. Variance
When one is interested to compare the variability of the Standard deviation is a measure of dispersion, how
B. Cohort
62 hieght and the weight of toddlers in a community; the BEST C. Standard Deviation [2] much variability exists in a set of values, around the USMLE First Aid
C. Standard Deviation
statistics to use is ________. mean of these values.
D. Coefficient of variation
A. Frequency distribution
For a profile study of victims of spousal abuse, which tool for B. Chi-square test
63
data analysis is appropriate? C. t-test
D. Odd's ratio
A. Double-blinded
In a sampling strategy, when groups being studied are
B. Stratified
64 comparable in all inclusion/exclusion criteria, they are
C. Randomized
________.
D. Matched
A. Median
What measure ensures that an equal number of sample B. Variance
65
points are present on both sides of the central location? C. Mean
D. Mode
A. Rare
For what type of diseases does a case-control study have B. Recurrent
66
an advantage of usage? C. Acute
D. Chronic
A. Coefficient of variation
The principal strength of the sample is that it is insensitive to B. Mean
67
very large or small values. C. Median
D. Mode
 Preventive Medicine and Public Health March PLE 2022
No. Question Choices Answer Discussion Area References
In a case-control study on whether Microwave Sterilization A. Microwave sterilization have
prevents bacterial growth, the results shown below: reduced the risk of bacterial by 70%
B. Microwave sterilization have 53%
Bacterial Growth (Outcome) less risk of having the outcome
68 + - compared non microwave sterilization
Microwave + 20 60 C. Microwave sterilization have
Sterilization - 206 187 reduced the risk of outcome by 30%
D. Microwave sterilization has no
What is your interpretation? effect on bacterial growth
In a survey on the vaccine brand preferences in the
A. Cluster sampling
population, the researchers selected groups at random;
B. Systematic sampling
69 every person in the selected groups were then included in
C. Simple random sampling
the sample. The researcheres employed which sampling
D. Stratified sampling
procedure?
A. A clinician wishes to determine the
cause of a genetic mutation
B. Public Health officials want to
control a measles outbreak in a local
Descriptive study is a useful design in which of the following school
70 B
situations? C. A drug company wants to
evaluated a new vaccine before it can
be marketed
D. A researcher wants to appraise the
efficacy of a new treatment protocol
A. the minimally informative prior with
the sample data
B. all the means from the sample
In Bayesian data analysis, the posterior distribution is
71 data. C
computed by combining _______.
C. the prior distribution with the
sample data.
D. the width of the credible intervals.
A. Correlational
If a study design was unable to link exposure to radiation
B. Case series
72 and skin cancer in particular individuals, what study is being A
C. Cross sectional
referred to?
D. Case control
Rona is investigating the infuence of factors such as
A. Pearson correlation
grooming, confidence, articulateness, stock knowledge, and
B. Linear regression
73 computer literacy on the influences she will get accepted to D
C. Spearman rank order correlation
the training program. Which of the following statistical tests
D. Chi-square test
BEST suits her study design?
If you wanted to know whether the vaccine efficacy of
A. One-way ANOVA
different vaccine brands among the vaccinated senior
B. Chi-square test
74 citizens are significantly higher than those among the A
C. Pearson correlation
unvaccinated senior citizens, which statistical test would be
D. Student's t-test
MOST appropriate?
A. residing in or travel to an area with
community transmission anytime
within the 14 days prior to symptom
onset
B. working in health setting, including
within health facilities and within
households, anytime within the 14
days prior to symptom onset
The epidemiological criteria for COVID-19 suspect are the C. residing or working in an area with
75 C
following, EXCEPT those _____. high risk of transmission of the virus:
for example, closed residential
settings and humanitarian settings,
etc. any time within the 14 days prior
to symptom onset
D. persons with recent onset of
anosmia (loss of smell) or ageusia
(loss of taste) in the absence of any
other identified cause.
A. Create dependence on foreign aids
and loans
B. Provide health services to
Which of the following is NOT an objective of Primary Health complement community effort
76 A
Care? C. Develop community leadership and
initiative
D. Promote/maintain health especially
in remote communities
A. Scanning the external environment
B. Employee grievances
Wherre does the information about opportunities and threats C. An analysis of the organization's
77 A
come from? internal environment
D. A department by department study
of the organization
Stage 1: Onset of Illness - Onset of symptoms.
Patient has observed symptoms but has not
consulted with a physician.
Stage 2: Reaction to Diagnosis or Impact Phase -
Physician’s disclosure of diagnosis based on clinical
A 45-year-old Regional Director suffered a Myocardial
A. III judgment
Infarction while doing field work in the province. He was
B. II Stage 3: Major Therapeutic Efforts - Management
78 transferred to the ICU of a Level III hospital and was A
C. IV and treatment is already being given.
scheduled for an angiogram and possible angioplasty. What
D. I Stage 4: Early Adjustment to Outcome - Recovery
stage is he in the Family Illness Trajectory?
phase: return from hospital. No complete recovery
yet
Stage 5: Adjustment to Permanency of Outcome -
Acceptance or adjustment to disability/death

A. Directly Observable Training, Short

Course
B. Directly Observable Treatment,
Short Course
79 DOTS in the TB program means: D
C. Directly Observed Treatment, Short
Chemotherapy
D. Directly Observed Treatment, Short
Course
A. Providers with HMO accreditation Department of Health Office of the
Primary Care Provider refers to a health care worker,
B. Providers from licensed and Secretary. (2020, May 22).
with defined competencies, who has received
Primary care providers refer to the following, EXCEPT certified institutions Primary Care Policy Framework
80 A certification in primary care as determined by the
________. C. Providers with DOH certifications and Sectoral Strategies.
DOH; or any institution that is licensed and certified
D. Providers with defined Administrative Order No. 2020-
by the DOH.
competencies 0024.
 Preventive Medicine and Public Health March PLE 2022
No. Question Choices Answer Discussion Area References
A. Recognize that usual coping
mechanisms are ineffective
B. Recognize that coping mechanisms
depend on the situation
81 Which is the MAJOR task in crisis intervention? B
C. Recognize that coping mechanisms
are not optimal but sufficient
D. Recognize that usual coping
mechanisms are stressful
A. Attainment of health-related
Millenium Development Goals
(MDGs).
B. Improved access to quality
hospitals and health care facilities
Which is NOT a strategic thrust of Universal Health Care
82 C. Provision of links to various offices A
Bill?
and bureaus for Health Development
D. Financial risk protection through
expansion in enrollment and benefit
delivery of the National Health
Insurance Program (NHIP)
A. Outcome
Mr. Dionisio is a 10-pack-year smoker but intimates that he
B. Healthy Individual
83 neither has serious cough since he started nor felt anything D
C. Clinical Onset
unusual. What phase of natural history of disease is he in?
D. Biological Onset
A. Physical
B. Biologic
84 What type of workplace hazard is radiation categorized? A
C. Chemical
D. Particulate
A. Prevention, promotion, and
maintenance of health
B. Rehabilitation of the differently
85 What MUST public health services give emphasis on? abled individuals A
C. Provision of emergency and first
aid services
D. Treatment of diseases
A. Physicians migration to foreign
countries
What is the significant reason that plagues our inefficient
B. Maldistribution of physicians
86 health care delivery system despite adequate physician-
C. Physicians engage in
population-ratio?
entrepreneurial activities
D. Inadequate number of hospitals
A brief explanation of the logo used by WHO since
the First International Conference on Health
Promotion held in Ottawa, Canada, in 1986. Select
an element of the logo for the specific explanation of World Health Organization. (n.d.).
that part or simply read on for the complete First International Conference on
explanation. Health Promotion, Ottawa. World
A. personalistic
Health Organization. Retrieved
In a ___ view, illness may be viewed as being due to B. communal
87 B The logo represents a circle with 3 wings. It October 15, 2022, from https:
something in one’s social life being out-of-order. c. biomedical
incorporates five key action areas in Health //www.who.int/teams/health-
d. socialistic
Promotion (build healthy public policy, create promotion/enhanced-
supportive environments for health, strengthen wellbeing/first-global-
community action for health, develop personal skills, conference/emblem
and re-orient health services) and three basic HP
strategies (to enable, mediate, and advocate).

Permissible exposure limit (PEL) is a regulatory limit

on the amount or concentration of a substance in the
air. This is usually based on an eight-hour time
weighted average (TWA), although some are based
on short-term exposure limits (STEL).

Time weighted average (TWA) is the average

exposure to any hazardous gas in the workplace
based on an eight-hour workday or 40-hour work Fry, J. (2015, January 26).
week. It is the maximum amount one may be Permissible exposure limits.
A. Strategic Program Management exposed to without experiencing significant adverse Safety and Health Magazine.
B. Developing personal skills health effects over said period. Once the TWA has Retrieved October 15, 2022, from
88 Which is an action area of health promotion? B
C. Utilize resources effectively been exceeded, the worker may not re-enter the https://www.
D. Training for effective Planning space for the remainder of the day. safetyandhealthmagazine.
com/articles/11744-permissible-
Short-term exposure limit (STEL) is an allowable exposure-limits
average exposure over a short period of time,
typically 15 minutes, and should not be exceeded
more than four times in a day as long as the time
weighted average is not exceeded. If the
predetermined limit has been exceeded, the worker
must remove him- or herself from the hazard for at
least one hour.

The National Immunization Program, which was then

known as Expanded Program for Immunization, was
A. Employers are not responsible for
launched by the Philippine government on July 12,
gauging and sampling for chemical
1976 with the assistance of World Health
exposure
Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children’
Permissible exposure limits (PEls) are used by private and B. They are calibrated in consideration Department of Health Website. (n.
s Fund (UNICEF) to ensure that infants/children and
public industries and agencies to describe the allowable of acute and chronic health effects of d.). Retrieved October 15, 2022,
mothers have access to routinely recommended
89 level of toxic chemical to which persons may be toxic materials. B from https://doh.gov.ph/health-
infant/childhood vaccines. This program primarily
occupationally exposed. PELS are CORRECTLY described C. They have been established for programs/immunization-
aims to reduce the morbidity and mortality among
by which of the following statements? most chemicals in various industries. program/types-of-service
children against the most common vaccine-
D. The levels of chemicals in the
preventable diseases (VPDs) which includes
worker’s environment do not require a
tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, tetanus,
monitoring and evaluation.
pertussis and measles

A. Health Promotion
B. Expanded program of immunization
The DOH focuses on the primary prevention of disease
90 C. Maternal and child health
under 12 months of age in what program?
D. Integrated management of
childhood illness
A. lack of marketing budget to acquire
new patients
B. limited Technology Experience and
Among major concerns of doctors during this pandemic, the access to remote consultation with
91
one the is MOST stressful is ___ Patients
C. decline in revenues
D. postponements due to COVID
Restrictions
A. depression
B. high productivity
92 The following are symptoms of resistance, EXCEPT___.
C. lack of initiative
D. procrastination
 Preventive Medicine and Public Health March PLE 2022
No. Question Choices Answer Discussion Area References
A. officially designating rabies
diagnostic laboratories
In the National Rabies Control Program, the DOH role B. enforcement of ordinance on dog
93
includes control measures
C. management of dog bites
D. dog vaccination
A, viral hepatitis type A
Passive immunization is the major means of prevention of B. influenza
94
which of the following disease C. german measles
D. mumps
Situation 1 - The table below shows a summary of RT-PCR (From COVID-19 Philippine
tests done on samples Testing Centers: Situationer #615, January 8, 2022)
FACILITY NAME SAMPLES TESTED INDIVIDUALS TESTED POSITIVE TESTS
Jose R Reyes Memorial Medical Center GeneXpert
241 231 165
Laboratory
Kairos Diagnostics Laboratory 1803 1743 857
Kaiser Medical Center Inc 617 617 406
Lanao Del Norte COVID-19 Testing Laboratory 99 99 31
Las Pinas General Hospital and Sattelite Trauma Center 874 874 457
CDC's test over test method: to calculate for test
positivity, divide the number of positive tests by the
A. 52.29%
total number of tests, in a select period of time, then
B. 65.80%
95 What is the positivity rate at Kaiser Meidcal Center? B multiply the result by 100. That number should give
C. 49.17%
us the percentage of tests that have come back
D. 71.73%
positive. For this problem, test positivity = 406/617 x
100
A. There are fewer testing kits
available per individuals tested
B. Some patients preferred specimens
What may have accounted for the discrepancy in the
from thoat and nasal sites, or both
96 number of samples tested and the number of Individuals
C. Two sites, nasal and throat, were
tested?
sources of specimens
D. There are more samples taken per
individual tested
Test positivity can help us understand whether an
area is doing enough tests to find its COVID-19
A. Test is able to detect the level of
infections. The metric is widely used by local, state,
infectivity
and federal agencies to roughly gauge how well
B. samples taken represent the level
disease mitigation efforts are going. Put simply, when
of exposure to the infection
97 If the positivity rate is high, it implies that the A test positivity is high, it’s likely that not enough tests
C. individuals tested were exposed
are being done and that most tests that are done are
more than 5 days earlier
performed on symptomatic people. Both of these
D. Test is valid and has good
factors—insufficient testing and only testing people
specificity and sensitvity
who feel sick—make it very likely that many cases
are going undetected.
Situation 2 - Six middled-aged drinking buddies have gone
on a Veggie diet for 3 months. Pretrial and posttrial Cholesterol level (mg/dL)
cholesterol values are as follows:
Subjects Pretrial Posttrial
A 180 182
B 225 220
C 243 241
D 150 140
E 212 222
F 218 216
Kent State University. (2022).
A. square root of 33.8/6
SPSS Tutorials: paired samples t
B. 33.8/square root of 6 SE = sample standard deviation/sqrt(number of
98 What is the standard error of these data? B test. Retrieved from https:
C. 6 x the square root of 33.8 samples)
//libguides.library.kent.
D. 33.8 x the square root of 7
edu/spss/pairedsamplesttest
The Paired Samples t Test compares the means of
two measurements taken from the same individual,
object, or related units. These "paired"
measurements can represent things like:
Kent State University. (2022).
A. Paired t-test A measurement taken at two different times (e.g.,
SPSS Tutorials: paired samples t
B. The six sample t-test pre-test and post-test score with an intervention
99 The appropriate test for statistical significance is: A test. Retrieved from https:
C. The z-test administered between the two time points)
//libguides.library.kent.
D. Odds ratio A measurement taken under two different conditions
edu/spss/pairedsamplesttest
(e.g., completing a test under a "control" condition
and an "experimental" condition)
Measurements taken from two halves or sides of a
subject or experimental unit (e.g., measuring hearing
loss in a subject's left and right ears).
A. If clinically significant, the
difference must be statistically
significant
B. Even if clinically significant, the
By mere inspection of the data, what can you conclude difference cannot be statistically
100 about the difference in the pretrial and posttrial cholesterol significant
values? C. Even if statistically significant, the
difference is probably not clinicall
significant
D. The difference cannot be clinically
and statistically significant
[1] Cohen’s d measures the size of the difference between two groups while Pearson’s r measures the
strength of the relationship between two variables.

https://www.scribbr.com/statistics/effect-size/

[2] not sure :(