Tut 4 Assignment 2020

GTS 161 - TUTORIAL 4 ASSIGNMENT – 2020
TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS: PIERCE CHAPTER 5
22. In rabbits, an allelic series helps to determine coat color: C (full color), cch (chinchilla, gray
color), ch (Himalayan, white with black extremities), and c (albino, all-white). The C allele is
dominant over all others, cch is dominant over ch and c, ch is dominant over c, and c is recessive
to all the other alleles. This dominance hierarchy can be summarized as C > cch > ch > c. The
rabbits in the following list are crossed and produce the progeny shown.
Give the genotypes of the parents and progeny for each cross.
a. full color × albino → ½ full color, ½ albino

c. full color × albino → ½ full color, ½ chinchilla
d. full color × himalayan → ½ full color, ¼ himalayan, ¼ albino
25. In chickens, comb shape is determined by alleles at two loci (R, r and P, p). A walnut comb is
produced when at least one dominant allele R is present at one locus and at least one dominant
allele P is present at a second locus (genotype R_ P_). A rose comb is produced when at least
one dominant allele is present at the first locus and two recessive alleles are present at the
second locus (genotype R_ pp). A pea comb is produced when two recessive alleles are present
at the first locus and at least one dominant allele is present at the second (genotype rrP_). If
two recessive alleles are present at the first and at the second locus (rrpp), a single comb is
produced. Progeny with what types of combs and in what proportions will result from the
following crosses?
b. Rr Pp × rr pp
d. Rr pp × Rr pp
f. Rr pp × rr pp
27. A variety of opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) with lacerate leaves was crossed with a variety
that has normal leaves. All the F1 had lacerate leaves. Two F1 plants were interbred to produce
the F2. Of the F2, 249 had lacerate leaves and 16 had normal leaves. Give genotypes for all the
plants in the P, F1, and F2 generations. Explain how lacerate leaves are determined in the opium
poppy.
NON TEXT BOOK QUESTIONS
1. You go on a field trip, and discover a new Drosophila species. After extensive sampling it is clear
that in addition to the wild-type long legs, there are three additional leg-length phenotypes in
the population namely miniature, short and medium.
You can assume that the trait is not sex linked, and it is fully penetrant with no variability in
expressivity?
There are two possible genetic mechanisms that would theoretically explain these four
phenotypes for the leg-length trait.
Name these TWO mechanisms, and then give one possible pure-breeding genotype per
phenotype for each of the mechanisms.
2. Tawny donkeys have an orange-brown coat, while chestnut donkeys have a brown coat, and
alabaster donkeys have a coat that is almost white. A series of crosses between the different
types of donkeys determined that only two alleles were responsible for determining coat colour.
Consider the following offspring produced by these crosses:
1
Cross Offspring
tawny × chestnut → 10 tawny, 11 chestnut
tawny × tawny → 15 tawny, 8 chestnut, 7 alabaster
tawny × alabaster → 13 tawny, 11 alabaster
chestnut × alabaster → 23 tawny
a. Explain the inheritance of the tawny, chestnut, and alabaster phenotypes in horses.
b. Assign symbols for the alleles that determine these phenotypes, and list the genotypes of the
parents and offspring given in the first three crosses.
3. You have two pure-breeding lines of canaries, one with a black beak and the other with brown
beak. You know that sex plays a role in the inheritance of beak colour in canaries, and beak
colour is controlled by a single gene. The following crosses are performed with homozygous
parents:
Cross 1: ♀ black X ♂ brown → ♀ all black, ♂ all brown
Cross 2: ♀ brown X ♂ black → ♀ all black, ♂ all brown
Provide an explanation for these results, as well as all the possible genotypes for the black and
brown phenotypes in the female canaries.
4. Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a cancer of the retina that primarily affects children and is caused by an
autosomal dominant mutation that shows incomplete penetrance. Scientists studied two families
that has a high incidence of this cancer. They discovered that in family one, 28 people in the
family carried the Rb mutation, but only 12 of these people developed cancer. In family two, 22
people carried the mutation but 10 individuals developed the cancer. What is the penetrance in
these families, and in which family is the penetrance of the cancer the highest?
5. In cattle, animals may have horns or be hornless. The John and Paul phenotypes refer to animals
with black spots and cream spots respectively. Johns are true breeding, while Pauls are not true
breeding and never produce as many offspring as Johns. When many offspring were obtained
from matings between hornless Johns and horned Pauls, half were found to be hornless Johns
and half hornless Pauls. When these two types of F1 cattle were mated to one another, the
following F2 data were obtained:
3/8 hornless Pauls
3/8 hornless Johns
1/8 horned Pauls
1/8 horned Johns
Provide a genetic explanation for these results.
6. Egg production in chickens results from the expression of an autosomal gene in hens. Roosters
cannot lay any eggs. Is this an example of an X-linked trait, a sex-limited trait, or a sex influenced
trait? Explain your answer.
7. Bicoid is a gene that affects the development of the Drosophila embryo, and shows maternal
effect. The wild-type allele (bcd+) causes normal development, while the recessive, mutant
allele (bcd−) causes mutant development. Consider a cross between a bcd+/bcd− female and
a bcd+/bcd− male.
a. What would the phenotypes be of the male and female parents? Explain your answer.
b. Provide the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring from this cross.
8. A certain plant may have green, white or green-and-white (variegated) stems.

If a variegated plant contributes the female gametes to a cross, the offspring exhibit three
different phenotypes – green, white and variegated – regardless off the male contribution.
Additionally, the amount of each phenotype varies widely.
Explain this mechanism of inheritance.
2

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GTS 161 - TUTORIAL 4 ASSIGNMENT – 2020

TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS: PIERCE CHAPTER 5

a. full color × albino → ½ full color, ½ albino

NON TEXT BOOK QUESTIONS

8. A certain plant may have green, white or green-and-white (variegated) stems.

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