Brought to you by:

www.PilotEffect.com
FLIGHT INSTRUMENT ESSENTIALS
COURSE EXERCISES

www.PilotEffect.com
www.PilotEffect.com Table of Contents– PAGE 3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section 1: Preliminaries

1-A: Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

1-B: Flight Instruments

Definitions and Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Short Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Multiple Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Section 2: The Pitot-Static System and Instruments

2-A: The Pitot-Static System

Definitions and Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Short Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Multiple Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

2-B: The Altimeter (ALT)

Definitions and Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Short Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Multiple Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

2-C: The Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI)

Definitions and Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Short Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Multiple Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

2-D: The Airspeed Indicator (ASI)

Definitions and Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Short Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Multiple Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Section 3: Gyroscopes and Gyroscopic Instruments

3-A: Gyroscopes
Definitions and Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Short Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Multiple Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

3-B: The Attitude Indicator (AI)

Definitions and Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Short Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Multiple Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

3-C: The Directional Gyro (DG)

Definitions and Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Short Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Multiple Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
www.PilotEffect.com Table of Contents– PAGE 4

3-D: The Turn and Slip Indicator (TS)

Definitions and Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Short Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Multiple Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

3-E: The Turn Coordinator (TC)

Definitions and Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Short Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Multiple Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Section 4: Other Flight Instruments

4-A: The Inclinometer

Definitions and Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Short Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Multiple Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

4-B: The Magnetic Compass

Definitions and Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Short Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Multiple Choice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 1: PRELIMINARIES – PAGE 5

SECTION 1

PRELIMINARIES

Section 1-A: Terminology Page 6

Section 1-B: Flight Instruments Page 9

www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 1-A: Terminology – PAGE 6

SECTION 1-A: TERMINOLOGY

Define and/or explain each of the following in your own words:

Aileron

Airspeed

Altitude

Ammeter

Attitude

Bank

Clean Configuration

Coordination

Dynamic Pressure
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 1-A: Terminology – PAGE 7

EFIS

Lateral Axis

Longitudinal Axis

Manifold Pressure

Pitch (attitude)

Pitch (movement)

Pressure

Roll

Rudder

Sideslip
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 1-A: Terminology – PAGE 8

Skid

Stall

Static Pressure

Vertical Axis

VFR

Voltmeter

Yaw
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 1-B: Flight Instruments – PAGE 9

SECTION 1-B: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS

DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS

Define / Describe the following:

TACHOMETER:

ENGINE INSTRUMENT:

FLIGHT INSTRUMENT:

STANDARD LAYOUT:

SHORT ANSWER

SA 1: The GPS unit is a ____________________ instrument.

SA 2: VSI stands for ______________________________.

SA 3: ASI stands for ______________________________.

SA4: The ASI is important even for VFR operations because it provides information that
__________________________________________________.

SA5: The four categories of aircraft instrumentation are: ______________________________,

______________________________, ______________________________, and
______________________________.

SA6: The Attitude Indicator (AI) is a ____________________ instrument.

SA7: The standard flight instrument layout is often called the “ ”.

SA8: 3 examples of flight instruments are: ___________________________________,

___________________________________, and ___________________________________.
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 1-B: Flight Instruments – PAGE 10

MULTIPLE CHOICE

MC 1: In most countries, the flight instruments required for Day VFR flight are the:
1) Airspeed Indicator 2) Altimeter 3) Attitude Indicator
4) Magnetic Compass 5) Directional Gyro 6) Vertical Speed Indicator

a) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
b) 1, 2, 4
c) 3, 4, 5, 6
d) 2, 5, 6

MC 2: Which if the following is NOT a flight instrument?

a) Altimeter.
b) Oil Pressure Gauge.
c) Attitude Indicator.
d) Magnetic Compass.

MC 3: The VOR and ILS are both __________ instruments.

a) radio
b) gyroscopic
c) system
d) navigation

MC4: Flight instrument use during Day-VFR flight should be:

a) restricted to the AI and DG.
b) very limited.
c) increased during busy phases of flight.
d) centered around the attitude indicator.
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 2: THE PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM AND INSTRUMENTS – PAGE 11

SECTION 2

THE PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM AND INSTRUMENTS

Section 2-A: The Pitot-Static System Page 12

Section 2-B: The Altimeter Page 14

Section 2-C: The Vertical Speed Indicator Page 16

Section 2-D: The Airspeed Indicator Page 17

www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 2-A: The Pitot-Static System – PAGE 12

SECTION 2-A: THE PITOT-STATIC SYSTEM

DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS

Define / Describe the following:

PITOT TUBE:

STATIC PORT:

RAM PRESSURE:

SHORT ANSWER

SA 1: The plumbing lines attached to the Pitot tube are ____________________ so that the flow at the
opening is ____________________.

SA 2: The static port is oriented ____________________ to the relative airflow.

SA 3: The three flight instruments connected to the Pitot-static system are the ____________________,
____________________, and ____________________.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

MC 1: The only instrument that uses total pressure from the __________ is the __________.
a) static port, vertical speed indicator
b) static port, airspeed indicator
c) Pitot tube, vertical speed indicator
d) Pitot tube, airspeed indicator

MC 2: The purpose of both the static port and Pitot tube is to:
a) measure airspeed.
b) measure altitude.
c) sample pressure.
d) compare total pressure to static pressure.
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 2-A: The Pitot-Static System – PAGE 13

MC3: The static port provides pressure readings to the:

a) airspeed indicator.
b) vertical speed indicator.
c) altimeter.
d) all of the above.

MC4: The function of the static port is to provide a means of:

a) measuring ambient static pressure.
b) measuring static loads on the aircraft.
c) providing static suction for gyro instruments.
d) measuring static stability.
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 2-B: The Altimeter – PAGE 14

SECTION 2-B: THE ALTIMETER (ALT)

DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS

Define / Describe the following:

KOLLSMAN WINDOW:

ALTIMETER SETTING:

ANEROID CAPSULE:

SHORT ANSWER

SA 1: As altitude increases, atmospheric pressure ____________________, and the aneroid capsule in the
altimeter ____________________.

SA 2: Set correctly, the altimeter displays altitude above ____________________.

SA 3: The altimeter in the figure is indicating an altitude of _______________.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

MC 1: The altimeter normally uses pressure sampled from: Figure SA-3.

a) inside an unpressurized portion of the cabin.
b) the static port.
c) the Pitot tube.
d) both (b) and (c).

MC 2: The altimeter setting changes because:

a) operating out of different airports results indifferent reference elevations.
b) aging of springs and mechanisms in the altimeter.
c) of changing meteorological conditions.
d) all of the above.
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 2-B: The Altimeter – PAGE 15

MC3: The altimeter setting is issued in units of either __________ or __________, depending on where you are
in the world.
a) “Hg, psi
b) “Hg, mb
c) mb, kPa
d) psi, mb

MC4: The altimeter works by measuring __________ presented as altitude.

a) ram pressure
b) static pressure
c) dynamic pressure
d) ambient pressure

MC5: A sensitive altimeter:

a) has had a successful pitot-static check within the past 24 months.
b) is an altimeter with which you can correct for changes in barometric pressure.
c) has an error of less than ±50 ft at sea level.
d) none of the above.
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 2-C: The Vertical Speed Indicator – PAGE 16

SECTION 2-C: THE VERTICAL SPEED INDICATOR (VSI)

DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS

Define / Describe the following:

VERTICAL SPEED:

SHORT ANSWER

SA 1: The VSI in the figure is indicating a climb / descent of __________ fpm.

SA 2: The pitot tube is / is not used by the VSI. The static port is / is not used by the
VSI.

SA 3: The VSI displays vertical speed in units of _______________.

Figure SA1
SA4: The VSI casing is vented to static pressure through a
______________________________.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

MC 1: In the VSI, the static pressure is vented into:

a) the aneroid capsule.
b) the instrument casing.
c) neither (a) or (b).
d) both (a) and (b).

MC 2: The VSI uses:

a) static pressure.
b) pitot pressure.
c) dynamic pressure.
d) both (a) and (b).

MC 3: Within the standard 6-pack, the VSI is located in the _______________ position.
a) bottom left
b) bottom right
c) top left
d) top right

MC4: The VSI actually measures __________ and presents it as vertical speed:
a) dynamic pressure
b) static pressure
c) the rate of change of static pressure
d) the difference between static and dynamic pressure
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 2-D: The Airspeed Indicator – PAGE 17

SECTION 2-D: THE AIRSPEED INDICATOR (ASI)

DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS

Define / Describe the following:

RED LINE:

AIRSPEED:

GREEN ARC:

SHORT ANSWER

SA 1: The airspeed indicator measures the difference between ____________________ pressure and
____________________ pressure. This difference is the ____________________ pressure.

SA 2: VNO is the _________________________ speed, and is indicated at the bottom of the

____________________ arc.

SA 3: The red radial line of the ASI indicates the _________________________ speed.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

MC 1: At higher dynamic pressure:

a) there must also be higher static pressure.
b) the airspeed indicator will read lower due to the loss of static pressure.
c) the aneroid capsule of the ASI will expand further.
d) all of the above.

MC2: The high-speed end of the white arc on the airspeed indicator:
a) denoted the VFE.
b) coincides with the low-speed end of the yellow arc.
c) always denotes the maximum speed at which any flaps can be extended.
d) all of the above
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 2-D: The Airspeed Indicator – PAGE 18

MC3: On an airspeed indicator, the low-speed end of the white arc should be at a __________ speed than the
low-speed end of the green arc. Also, the high-speed end of the yellow arc should correspond to the
__________.
a) lower, red radial line
b) lower, high-speed end of the green arc
c) higher, red radial line
d) higher, high-speed end of the green arc
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 3: GYROSCOPES AND GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS – PAGE 19

SECTION 3

GYROSCOPES AND GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS

Section 3-A: Gyroscopes Page 20

Section 3-B: The Attitude Indicator Page 22

Section 3-C: The Directional Gyro Page 24

Section 3-D: The Turn & Slip Indicator Page 25

Section 3-E: The Turn Coordinator Page 26

www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 3-A: Gyroscopes – PAGE 20

SECTION 3-A: GYROSCOPES

DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS

Define / Describe the following:

GYROSCOPE:

RIGIDITY IN SPACE:

PRECESSION:

RATE GYRO:

GIMBAL:

SHORT ANSWER

SA 1: Aircraft gyroscopes are powered by either ____________________or ____________________.

SA 2: Mounted in a freely rotating gimbal, the axis of a gyroscope will tend to remain
______________________________.

SA 3: Solid state gyroscopes in “advanced” avionics use _______________ instead of rotation.

SA4: The _________________________ of a spinning mass results in two very useful properties.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

MC 1: The power supply of a gyroscope will help it _______________ despite _______________.

a) maintain constant RPM, friction
b) remain pointed in the same direction, precession
c) maintain constant RPM, precession
d) remain pointed in the same direction, friction
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 3-A: Gyroscopes – PAGE 21

MC2: The two features of gyroscopes that are used in flight instruments are __________ and __________.
a) rigidity in space, steady spin
b) rigidity in space, precession
c) precession, steady spin
d) steady spin, apparent precession

MC3: A freely rotating gyro must have at least _____ gimbal(s).

a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 3-B: The Attitude Indicator – PAGE 22

SECTION 3-B: THE ATTITUDE INDICATOR (AI)

DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS

Define or Describe the following terms in your own words.

HORIZON BAR:

ROLL POINTER:

SHORT ANSWER

SA 1: The Attitude Indicator provides _______________ and _______________ information.

SA 2: Most modern AI’s can maneuver through __________ of roll and __________ of pitch without
tumbling.

SA 3: On the AI display, the ____________________ and the ____________________ are fixed to the
airframe.

SA4: In most light aircraft, the AI is powered by ____________________.

SA5: The AI gyro has a ____________________ spin axis.

SA6: In light aircraft, the AI is normally ____________________ powered.

SA7: The gyroscopic property used by the AI is ___________________________________.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

MC 1: When in a banked attitude, pitch reference is maintained by comparing the __________ to the horizon bar.
a) schematic aircraft wings
b) pitch pointer
c) dot at the center of the schematic aircraft
d) horizon

MC2: Most modern AI’s will tumble if we __________ past ±__________.

a) roll, 85°
b) pitch, 85°
c) either (a) or (b)
d) both (a) and (b) simultaneously
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 3-B: The Attitude Indicator – PAGE 23

MC 2: The schematic aircraft of the AI should be set before flight because of:
a) parallax error.
b) temperature changes.
c) gyroscopic precession.
d) apparent precession.

MC 3: The AI gyroscope spins in a __________plane with a __________ axis.

a) horizontal, lateral
b) horizontal, vertical
c) vertical, lateral
d) vertical, horizontal

MC4: The attitude indicator is normally powered by an __________, and it cannot detect __________.
a) electric motor, bank
b) electric motor, yaw
c) engine-driven vacuum pump, bank
d) engine-driven vacuum pump, yaw
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 3-C: The Directional Gyro – PAGE 24

SECTION 3-C: THE DIRECTIONAL GYRO (DG)

DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS

Define or Describe the following terms in your own words.

HEADING:

APPARENT PRECESSION:

SHORT ANSWER

SA 1: The DG should be set off of the ____________________ during _________________________ flight.

SA 2: The DG looks similar to a ____________________, but is not ____________________.

SA 3: The DG in most light aircraft is powered by the ____________________.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

MC 1: The directional gyro:

a) must be initially oriented to Magnetic North, after which it will continuously point to Magnetic
North.
b) is always powered by the vacuum pump.
c) has no direct reference to Magnetic North.
d) is unaffected by the rotation of the Earth.

MC 2: The DG should be set:

a) upon engine start.
b) shortly after engine start and every hour thereafter.
c) shortly after engine start (at least before takeoff) and thereafter every 15 minutes or so.
d) before takeoff and immediately after every heading change exceeding 30E.

MC 3: The DG gyroscope spins in a __________plane with a __________ axis.

a) horizontal, lateral
b) horizontal, vertical
c) vertical, lateral
d) vertical, horizontal

MC4: The Directional Gyro uses a(n) __________ to determine the directional orientation of the aircraft.
c) magnetic sensor
d) precessed gyro
a) rate gyro
b) angle gyro
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 3-D: The Turn & Slip Indicator – PAGE 25

SECTION 3-D: THE TURN & SLIP INDICATOR (TS)

DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS

Define or Describe the following terms in your own words.

RATE 1 TURN:

SHORT ANSWER

SA 1: An alternate / slang name for the Turn & Slip Indicator is the ____________________.

SA 2: When the needle is pointing at a doghouse, the aircraft is turning at _______________.

SA 3: In most light aircraft, the Turn & Slip Indicator is powered by the ____________________.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

MC 1: When an aircraft is placed in a banked attitude to the right, but a turn is prevented with opposite rudder,
the turn indicator of the Turn & Slip Indicator will indicate to:
a) the right.
b) the left.
c) center.
d) it depends on the position of the ball (i.e. – whether the aircraft is slipping).

MC2: The Turn & Slip Indicator is normally located in the __________ of the standard 6-pack.
a) lower right corner
b) upper right corner
c) lower left corner
d) upper left corner

MC3: The turn & slip indicator uses the gyroscopic property of:
a) tumbling
b) precession
c) rigidity in space
d) steady spin

MC4: A “Rate 1" turn is a turn with a heading change rate of:
a) 1°/sec
b) 6°/sec
c) 180°/min
d) 360°/min
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 3-E: The Turn Coordinator – PAGE 26

SECTION 3-E: THE TURN COORDINATOR (TC)

DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS

Define or Describe the following terms in your own words.

ROLL:

BANK:

SHORT ANSWER

SA 1: In addition to rate of turn, the Turn Coordinator indicates ____________________.

SA 2: The Turn Coordinator consists of a _________________________ and a ____________________.

SA 3: The marks below the centered marks indicate the wingtip positions for _________________________.

SA4: In the Turn Coordinator, the spring-loaded gimbal isn't aligned with the aircraft's longitudinal axis, instead
it's ______________________________.

SA5: The typical power supply for a Turn Coordinator in light aircraft is ____________________.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

MC 1: The intended advantage of the Turn Coordinator over the Turn & Slip Indicator is that the:
a) Turn Coordinator provides bank information to supplement the turn information.
b) Turn Coordinator is more precise.
c) Turn & Slip Indicator can tumble at large pitch angles.
d) Turn Coordinator responds earlier to the beginning of a turn.

MC 2: Turn Coordinator pitch indications:

a) are not provided.
b) are unreliable.
c) require the wings to be level.
d) none of the above.
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 3-E: The Turn Coordinator – PAGE 27

MC3: The Turn Coordinator indication includes _______________, and the Turn & Slip Indicator indicates
_______________ only.
a) angle of bank, rate of turn
b) rate of turn, angle of bank
c) rate of roll, rate of turn
d) rate of turn, rate of roll

MC4: The schematic aircraft on your turn coordinator is displaying a left bank. Without cross referencing other
instruments, you can know that your aircraft is:
a) yawing left.
b) rolling left.
c) yawing and rolling left.
d) yawing and/or rolling left.
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 4: OTHER FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS – PAGE 28

SECTION 4

OTHER FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS

Section 4-A: The Inclinometer Page 29

Section 4-B: The Magnetic Compass Page 30

www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 4-A: The Inclinometer – PAGE 29

SECTION 4-A: THE INCLINOMETER

DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS

Define or Describe the following terms in your own words.

SLIP:

COORDINATION:

SHORT ANSWER

SA 1: When the aircraft is in coordinated flight, the ball will be ____________________.

SA 2: If, during a turn, the ball is deflected toward the low wing, the aircraft is in ______________________.

SA 3: The Inclinometer, also known as the _______________, operates on the balance of

______________________________ and ______________________________.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

MC 1: During a skidding turn, the ball will be:

a) deflected toward the low wing.
b) deflected toward the high wing.
c) centered, provided the turn is coordinated.
d) deflected toward the inside of the turn.

MC 2: To return to coordinated flight from uncoordinated flight, you should:

a) step on the space.
b) step on the ball.
c) roll to the ball.
d) roll to wings level.

MC3: The inclinometer indicates:

a) coordination
b) yaw rate
c) yaw angle
d) rate of turn
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 4-B: The Inclinometer – PAGE 30

SECTION 4-B: THE MAGNETIC COMPASS

DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS

Define or Describe the following terms in your own words.

LUBBER LINE:

MAGNETIC DIP:

COMPASS CORRECTION CARD:

SHORT ANSWER

SA 1: Deviation is caused by ___________________________________.

SA 2: Before completing the compass correction card, the compass should be ____________________.

SA 3: The Compass aligns itself with ______________________________, which are oriented

_________________________.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

MC 1: When using a Whiskey Compass:

a) indicated turn directions are reversed.
b) direction reference is taken from the lubber line.
c) reading should only be taken while in equilibrium.
d) all of the above.

MC 2: A key advantage of the Vertical Card Compass over the Whiskey Compass is:
a) better damping and reduced oscillations.
b) the absence of errors due to magnetic dip.
c) the elimination of the lubber line.
d) all of the above.
www.PilotEffect.com SECTION 4-B: The Inclinometer – PAGE 31

MC3: Compass dip becomes progressively worse as you:

a) move to areas of larger variation.
b) shut down more electrical equipment.
c) accelerate.
d) fly closer to the North or South pole.

MC4: Deviation is an error in the__________ caused by __________.

a) track, magnetic dip of the compass.
b) magnetic compass, the different positions of true and magnetic North.
c) track, unanticipated winds or an incorrect correction for winds.
d) magnetic compass, magnetic interference by electric and metal parts of the aircraft.