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    As1142a1 - CHM207 - Lab Experiment 3

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    Emeer Ellyas
    This laboratory report describes an experiment involving liquid-liquid extraction to separate toluene from water. Toluene was extracted from an aqueous solution into diethyl ether using a separatory funnel. The organic phase containing toluene was then dried using anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The objectives of learning extraction techniques and drying a dehydrated solution were achieved.

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    As1142a1 - CHM207 - Lab Experiment 3

    Uploaded by

    Emeer Ellyas
    62 views5 pages
    This laboratory report describes an experiment involving liquid-liquid extraction to separate toluene from water. Toluene was extracted from an aqueous solution into diethyl ether using a separatory funnel. The organic phase containing toluene was then dried using anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The objectives of learning extraction techniques and drying a dehydrated solution were achieved.

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    AS1142A1_CHM207_LAB EXPERIMENT 3

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    This laboratory report describes an experiment involving liquid-liquid extraction to separate toluene from water. Toluene was extracted from an aqueous solution into diethyl ether using a separatory funnel. The organic phase containing toluene was then dried using anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The objectives of learning extraction techniques and drying a dehydrated solution were achieved.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    62 views5 pages

    As1142a1 - CHM207 - Lab Experiment 3

    Uploaded by

    Emeer Ellyas
    This laboratory report describes an experiment involving liquid-liquid extraction to separate toluene from water. Toluene was extracted from an aqueous solution into diethyl ether using a separatory funnel. The organic phase containing toluene was then dried using anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The objectives of learning extraction techniques and drying a dehydrated solution were achieved.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 5

    e-Version Organic Chemistry

    Laboratory Report
    CHM207

    EXPERIMENT NO. 3
    TITLE OF EXPERIMENT EXTRACTION AND DRYING OF AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION
    STUDENT NAME EMEER ELLYAS PFORDTEN BIN EDDEE PFORDTEN
    STUDENT ID 2021205654
    GROUP AS1142A1
    DATE OF SUBMISSION 22/04/2022
    LECTURER DR. ROPISAH BINTI ME
    Objectives

    1. To learn the techniques of separation toluene from water (and other inorganic

    compounds) by extraction.

    2. To learn the techniques of drying a dehydrated solution.

    Results and Discussion

    During this experiment, liquid-liquid extraction is used to separate the solute which is

    toluene from liquid by contact with another insoluble liquid which is diethyl ether. Solutes are

    differentiated based on how well they dissolve in various liquids. Since diethyl ether is less

    dense than water, it will appear at the top of the aqueous phase.

    The experiment continued with the shaking of the separating funnel to extract the

    toluene from water into the diethyl ether. After that, the separating funnel is put at rest for 2-3

    minutes or until the solution form two stable layers. This process is repeated once more to make

    sure that toluene is full extracted from the water.

    During this extraction some water will be transferred into the organic phase as the

    organic phase and water are partially miscible. To make sure that diethyl ether is dehydrated,

    drying agent which is anhydrous magnesium sulphate is used to dry the diethyl ethyl solution.

    After the solution becomes dehydrated, it was filtered to remove the anhydrous magnesium

    sulphate.

    Some errors may occur during this experiment and that is adding too much drying agent.

    This will cause not only the water to be absorbed, but the product too. To overcome this, the

    drying agent needs to be added little by little until the solution becomes translucent. Other than

    that, make sure to take out the stopper when draining out the bottom layer from the separating

    funnel. The aqueous and organic phase might mix together if we do not take out the stopper

    resulting in a bad extraction.


    My opinion on the given links is that both provide clear information about the

    experiment and the explanation went smoothly.

    Conclusion

    In conclusion, the technique of separating toluene from water and other inorganic

    compounds by extraction was learned. The techniques of drying a dehydrated solution were

    also learned. The objectives of this experiment were achieved.

    Question

    1. What is the purpose of liquid-liquid extraction technique using separatory

    funnel?

    The purpose of liquid-liquid extraction technique using separatory funnel is to

    separate an immiscible liquid, organic compound from aqueous solution.

    2. How do we determine the position of aqueous layer from organic layer?

    We can add few drops of water from a squirt bottle and see where the water

    droplets land. If the top layer is aqueous, the water droplets should blend in with

    the top layer and appear to vanish. Water droplets will flow through the top

    layer and combine with the bottom layer if the bottom layer is aqueous.

    3. From your opinion, why is it important to open the stopper during draining of

    the liquid?

    A little vacuum will accumulate in the headspace of the separatory funnel if the

    stopper is not removed, preventing the liquid from draining. The air pushes

    against the liquid, reducing or even stopping it from flowing. When the stopper

    is removed, there is no vacuum formed because air may easily enter the funnel's

    top.
    4. How do we dry the organic layer?

    The organic layer that is drained is mixed with drying agent such as anhydrous

    magnesium sulphate, until the solution turned translucent indicating that the

    solution is free of water.

    5. List two precaution steps in liquid-liquid extraction technique using

    separatory funnel.

    The first one is to make sure to open the stopcock a few times when shaking the

    separatory funnel. If the stopcock is not opened, vapour pressure can build up

    inside the separatory funnel during draining, resulting in an explosion. Other

    than that, make sure to add drying agent little by little so that it will not absorb

    the product instead of the water.

    References

    Nichols, L. (2022, April 8). Which layer is which? Chemistry LibreTexts.

    https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Organic_Chemistry_Lab

    _Techniques_(Nichols)/04%3A_Extraction/4.04%3A_Which_Layer_is_Which

    Read, D. (2008, March 2). Liquid-liquid extraction (or separation) [Video]. YouTube.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vcwfhDhLiQU

    transtutors. (2022, March 29). Why is it important that you remove the stopper from the top of

    the separatory funnel, before. . . https://www.transtutors.com/questions/why-is-it-

    important-that-you-remove-the-stopper-from-the-top-of-the-separatory-funne-

    8346402.htm

    UMNOrganicChemistry. (2014, November 21). Liquid/Liquid Extraction [Video]. YouTube.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8bZl7mcG0Ew

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