TENSES

Simple Present Tense Present Continuous Tense

Fakta, suatu kejadian, kebiasaan/ rutinitas (masa skrg) Kejadian yg berlangsung saat ini juga atau rencana di
masa depan (now)
S + V1
S + Vs/es S + to be + Ving

(+) She is working on her homework now

(+) I go to work everyday (-) We are not studying at the moment
(-) She doesn’t go to work everyday (?) Am I cooking now?
(?) Do they go to work everyday?

Present Perfect Tense Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Baru saja selesai saat bicara dan/atau masih Sudah berlangsung, dinyatakan kembali hasilnya atau
berlangsung. Dampak dari suatu aksi yg sudah bahkan masih berlangsung.
dilakukan harus dan masih dirasakan saat ini Memiliki rentang waktu dan masih relevan dgn keadaan
saat ini
S + has/have + V3
S+ has/have + been + Ving
(+) A have painted my house
Hasil dapat dirasakan, kegiatan mengecatnya sudah (+) I have been decorating my house
selesai dan sudah bisa dilihat hasil mengecatnya Kegiatan belum selesai dilakukan, terjadi dimasa lampau dan
(-) I have not finished the exam masih dilakukan
(?) Have they finished them assignment? (-) We haven’t been waiting here all day
(?) Has your sisten been eating?

Simple Past Tense Past Continous Tense

Kejadian, kebiasaan fakta, situasi di masa lampau. Kejadian masa lampau, tidak hanya satu. Bersamaan
Time specifier (waktu kejadian jelas) dengan aktivitas lain
Eq. Yesterday, two days ago, last night Eq. When, while, as long as

S + V2 S + was/were + Ving

(+) They called their friends las night (+) I was washing my clothes when the phone rang
(-) They did not go to school this morning (-) They were not listening when the teacher called her
(?) Did he pay the bill yesterday? name
(?) Was he writing the letter to his parents when I was
out last Tuesday?

Past Perfect Tense Past Perfect Continous Tense

Tindakan telah selesai di masa lalu, sebelum Tindakan Kejadian masa lampau dan selesai saat itu.
lainnya terjadi di masa lalu juga. Menekankan fakta Menekankan durasi (ada petunjuk waktu tertentu)
daripada durasi Eq. before yesterday, till three days Eq. For, since, the whole day, all day
ago, already, until that day
S + had + been + Ving
S + had + V3
(+) He said that he had been working here for ten years
(+) We had finished the dinner when someone knocked (-) She had not been working there before she moved
(-) Tom had not repaired his laptop before I borrowed to my office
it (?) Had he been speaking for the whole class before I
(?) Had the girl cried before her mother came? entered?
 Simple Future Tense Future Continous Tense

Kejadian di masa depan / rencana. Tidak dipengaruhi Kejadian yg akan datang, Tindakan pasti dalam waktu
tindakan2 lain. Keputusan/janji spontan/ prediksi dekat di masa depan
Eq. tomorrow, next week, in a year Eq. tomorrow morning, in one year

S + Will + V1 S + Will + Be + Ving

S + be (is/are/am) + Going to + V1
(+) My mother will be cooking at the kitchen when I
arrive
(+) He is going to be a journalist after he graduates (-) He will not be doing the task in the office this
next year afternoon because he is sick
(-) Mrs. Tari won’t teach us (?) Will she be playing football in the playground
(?) Will she go to the cinema tomorrow with us? tomorrow morning?

Future Perfect Tense Future Perfect Continous Tense

Suatu aktivitas sudah akan selesai di masa depan. . Tindakan yg terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di masa
Tindakan yg akan berakhir pada waktu tertentu di depan dan masih akan berlanjut dalam titik waktu
masa depan tertentu di masa depan.
Eq. next Monday, in a week Bisa dimulai pada masa lalu, sekarang atau masa depan
dan diperkirakan akan berlanjut
S + Will + have + V3 Eq. for the las couple of hours, all day long

(+) We will have finished the task by next monday S + Will + have + been + Ving
(-) I won’t have finished my homework by tomorrow
(?) Will you have graduated from the college next year? (+) I will have been working at new company this new
year
(-) He will not have been doing the task for the last
couple of hours
(?) Will he have been doing the research all day long?

Simple Past Future Tense Past Future Continous Tense

Membentuk kalimat ttg masa depan dari sudut pandang Melakukan kilas balik namun tidak terjadi, hanya
masa lalu. Umumnya tidak langsung/report speech. pengandaian
Prediksi hingga membuat janji di masa depan saat ada
di masa lalu S + should/would + have + been + Ving
Eq. Yesterday, two days ago, last night
(+) I mad a promise that I would be doing my
S + Would + V1 homework all day long tomorrow
S + was/were + going to + V1 (-) Anna would not be dying if she came to the hospital
earlier
(+) She was going to give ine beautiful bag to her best (?) Should they have been practicing their new dance?
friend
(-) He would not forgive you
(?) Would you bring your camera if you knew the view
wasn’t amazing?

Past Future Perfect Tense Past Future Perfect Continous Tense

Sama seperti diatas, melakukan kilas balik namun tidak Sama seperti diatas, melakukan kilas balik namun tidak
terjadi. Namun ada 3 waktu (conditional type 3) terjadi. Tentang hal/kegiatan yg akan telah
dilakukann/berlangsung di masa lalu
S + should/could/would + have + V3
S + should/would + have + been + Ving
(+) Mina would have finished her homework if she
hadn’t gone shopping (+) We should have been practicing our new dance
(-) He said that he would not have made such a (-) I would not have been working in leading companies
mistake if he had taken my advice for six year
(?) Would you have finished your homework before (?) Would he have been explaining to the workers if he
tomorrow afternoon? had made the information clear?