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    Assignments Problem

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    pranav bhagat
    The document outlines 5 problems related to numerical linear algebra concepts such as matrix norms, rank, range, and null space for a class assignment. It provides definitions and notation for vectors and matrices, lists subproblems for each main problem with point values, and gives hints for some subproblems. Students are asked to prove statements, show relationships between concepts, and perform computations related to matrix norms.

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    Assignments Problem

    Uploaded by

    pranav bhagat
    24 views3 pages
    The document outlines 5 problems related to numerical linear algebra concepts such as matrix norms, rank, range, and null space for a class assignment. It provides definitions and notation for vectors and matrices, lists subproblems for each main problem with point values, and gives hints for some subproblems. Students are asked to prove statements, show relationships between concepts, and perform computations related to matrix norms.

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    The document outlines 5 problems related to numerical linear algebra concepts such as matrix norms, rank, range, and null space for a class assignment. It provides definitions and notation for vectors and matrices, lists subproblems for each main problem with point values, and gives hints for some subproblems. Students are asked to prove statements, show relationships between concepts, and perform computations related to matrix norms.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    24 views3 pages

    Assignments Problem

    Uploaded by

    pranav bhagat
    The document outlines 5 problems related to numerical linear algebra concepts such as matrix norms, rank, range, and null space for a class assignment. It provides definitions and notation for vectors and matrices, lists subproblems for each main problem with point values, and gives hints for some subproblems. Students are asked to prove statements, show relationships between concepts, and perform computations related to matrix norms.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    Indian Institute of Science Banglore

    Department of Computational and Data Sciences (CDS)


    DS284: Numerical Linear Algebra
    Assignment 1 [Posted Aug 20, 2022]
    Faculty Instructor: Dr. Phani Motamarri
    TAs: Ashish Rout, Dibya Nayak, Gourab Panigrahi, Nikhil Kodali

    Submission Deadline: Sept. 4, 2022 23:59 hrs Max Points: 100

    Notations: Vectors and matrices are denoted below by bold-faced lower case and upper
    case alphabets, respectively.

    Problem 1 [30 marks]


    Let A ∈ Rm×n and B ∈ Rn×p , R(.) denotes the range of the matrix, N (.) denotes the
    null space of a given matrix, dim(.) denotes the dimension of a vector space, then prove
    the following:
    (a) dim[R(AB)] ≤ dim[R(A)] [3 marks]
    (b) If the matrix B is non-singular then dim[R(AB)] = dim[R(A)] [3 marks]
    (c) dim[N (AB)] ≤ dim[N (A)] + dim[N (B)] [4 marks]
    (d) dim[R(A)] + dim[N (A)] = n [4 marks]
    (e) rank(A) + rank(B) − n ≤ rank(AB) ≤ min(rank(A), rank(B)) [5 marks]
    Hint: Use the result in (a)
    (f) Given a vector u ∈ Rn , rank (uuT ) is 1. [5 marks]
    Hint: Use the result in (a)
    (g) Row rank always equals column rank. [6 marks]

    Problem 2 [10 marks]


    Suppose there always exists a set of real coefficients c1 , c2 , c3 , ...c10 for any set of real
    numbers d1 , d2 , d3 , ...d10
    10
    X
    cj fj (i) = di for i ∈ {1, 2, ...10}
    j=1

    where f1 , f2 , f3 , ...f10 are a set of functions defined on the interval [1,10]


    (a) Use the concepts discussed in class to show that d1 , d2 , d3 , ...d10 determine c1 , c2 , c3 , ...c10
    uniquely.
    [6 marks]

    (a) Let A be a 10×10 matrix representing the linear mapping from data d1 , d2 , d3 , ...d10
    to coefficients c1 , c2 , c3 , ...c10 . What is the i,j th entry of A−1 ? [4 marks]

    Problem 3 [15 marks]


    A matrix S is said to be symmetric if ST = S and skew-symmetric if ST = −S. Now
    verify the following:

    (a) The matrix Q = (I − S)−1 (I + S) is an orthogonal matrix for any skew-symmetric


    matrix S. [3 marks]

    (b) Note that a symmetric matrix A ∈ Rm×m can be decomposed as QDQT where Q
    is an orthogonal matrix and D is a diagonal matrix. Using this result, show that
    uT Au = 0 ∀ u ∈ Rm , if and only if A = 0. [5 marks]

    (c) Show that “uT Su = 0 ∀ u ∈ Rm , if and only if S is a skew-symmetric matrix.”


    [7 marks]

    Problem 4 [35 marks]


    If x ∈ Rm and A ∈ Rm×n , then show the following.

    (a) ∥x∥∞ ≤ ∥x∥2 [5 marks]


    √
    (b) ∥x∥2 ≤ m∥x∥∞ [5 marks]
    √
    (c) ∥A∥∞ ≤ n∥A∥2 [5 marks]
    √
    (d) ∥A∥2 ≤ m∥A∥∞ [5 marks]
    q
    (e) ∥A∥F = tr(AT A) [5 marks]
    √
    (f) √1 ∥A∥1 ≤ ∥A∥2 ≤ n∥A∥1 [5 marks]
    m
    p
    (g) ∥A∥2 ≤ ∥A∥1 ∥A∥∞ [5 marks]

    Give an example of a non-zero vector or matrix for which equality is achieved in the
    above inequalities.
    Problem 5 [10 marks]
    Induced matrix norm is defined as ∥A∥(m,n) = max ∥Ax∥(m) , where x ∈ Rn and is a unit
    x
    vector. ∥.∥ corresponds to p-norm (1 ≤ p < ∞). For this exercise, let us consider p to
    be a natural number.
    Using MATLAB/Octave/Python programming environment, create a matrix using
    “A = randn(100, 2)”. Subsequently, create random unit vectors x using “temp =
    randn(2, 1)” and normalize x using “x = temp/norm(temp)”. Check for multiple
    random vectors x (use a loop, and check for about 1000 random vectors x) using
    “norm of Ax = norm(Ax, p)” for p = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ∞. What is the maximum value of
    p-norm for the vector Ax? Now calculate p-norm of A using “norm of A = norm(A, p)”
    for p = 1, 2, ∞ within the same programming environment you used before. Verify the
    equality ∥A∥(m,n) = max ∥Ax∥(m) for p = 1, 2, ∞. Note that this equality is true for
    x
    other values of p as well but you are restricting to p = 1, 2, ∞ in this exercise.

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