Learning Area Science

Learning Delivery Modality Modular Distance Modality (Learners-Led Modality)

School WEST PALALE Grade Level Grade 7

LESSON NATIONAL HIGH
SCHOOL
EXEMPLA Teacher MARIAN A. GAURANO Learning Area Science
R Teaching Date Nov.24-27,2020 Quarter Second Quarter
Teaching Time 8:00- 9:00 am No. of hours 4

I. OBJECTIVES At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to:
1.describe the different ecological relationships found in an ecosystem;
2. describe how do organisms interact with each other and with their
Environment;
3. describe the roles of the participating organisms in every type of interaction
and
4. value the importance of the different kinds of relationships that we share with
others.
A. Content Standards The learners demonstrate an understanding of organisms interacting with each
other and with their environment to survive.
B. Performance Standards The learners should be able to conduct a collaborative action to preserve the
ecosystem in the locality.
C. Learning Competencies
or Objectives
D. Most Essential Learning
Competencies (MELC) Describe the different ecological relationships found in an ecosystem.
(If available, write
the indicated
MELC)
E. Enabling
Competencies
(If available, write Describe the different ecological relationships found in an ecosystem.S7LT-IIh-
the attached enabling 10
competencies)
II. CONTENT Ecological relationships

III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References
a. Teacher’s Guide
147-164
Pages
b. Learner’s Material
Pages 151-164
c. Textbook Pages E.A. Madriaga et.al (2015) Science Link, Rex Book store p.162
d. Additional Materials
from Learning Contextualized Science Activities by R. Pagana, Z. Moreno and C. Villalon pp
Resources 18-19
Biology M19 ECOSYSTEM Retrieved from
https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/7185
B. List of Learning Pictures of different ecological relationships.
Resources for Table
Development and
Engagement Activities
IV. PROCEDURES
 A. Introduction Activity 1
Look at Me
(Duration: 10 minutes)
Take a look at the picture below and answer the questions that follow.

1. Describe what you see.

_________________________________________________________
2. Which of the two organism benefits from what is happening?
_________________________________________________________

3. Which of the two organisms do you think is harmed by what is taking

place?
__________________________________________________________
4. Where do you often see this activity happening?
_________________________________________________________
Goal Orientation
The learner will read the objectives as expected to all of them.
After studying the module, you are expected to :
1.describe the different ecological relationships found in an ecosystem;
2. describe how do organisms interact with each other and with their
environment;
3. describe the roles of the participating organisms in every type of interaction
and
4. value the importance of the different kinds of relationships that we share with
others

B. Development Before you move on, try to find out how much you know about ecological
relationship by answering the pre-test below.
Activity 2
PRE-TEST
(Duration: 20 minutes)
Direction: Encircle the letter of the best answer.
1. In a given environment, which of the following refers to a population?
A. Any organisms that live together and eat in one place
B. Several numbers of organisms living in the same place.
C. Different organisms live together in the same place and in the same
time.
D. Group of organisms of the same kind living in the same place and at
the same time.
2. Which of the following describes parasitism?
A. Fern plant growing on a trunk of a tree.
B. Barnacle sticking on the shell of an oyster.
C. An orchid living on a trunk of a mahogany tree
D. An insect larva staying on the leaves of a plant
3. Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between an
orchid and a tree?
A. The orchid is benefitted while the tree is harmed.
B. The orchid is harmed while the tree is benefitted
C. The orchid is benefited while the tree is unaffected.
D. The orchid and the tree both benefit from the relationship.
4. Which of the following describes commensalism?
A. A cat hunting the rat.
 B. Ascaris on the stomach of a boy
C. A remora fish “hitches a ride” from a whale
D. A bee gets its nectar from a flower while it helps the
flower pollinate
5. Which of the following relationships exist when the snake eats the frog?
A. competition B. mutualism C. commensalism D. predation
6. A feeder fish usually follows behind sharks to pick up food scraps that
they leave behind. The fish gets food and the shark is unaffected. This is
an example of:
A. competition B. mutualism C. commensalism D. predation
7. . A clownfish uses a sea anenome as a safe place to live. While living
there, the clownfish lures in food for the anenome. This is an example of
what type of relationship?
A. competition B. mutualism C. commensalism D. predation
8. Which of the following does NOT describe competition?
A. Rat and mice living in an old home attic
B. Plants and weeds in a garden.
C. An insect larvae devouring a plant leaf
D. Tiger, hyenas, and lions in a grassland
9. Fleas live on dog’s body. They use the dog as main food source and as a
place to live in. The dog’s skin is damaged when the fleas feed on blood.
What type of relationship exists between the fleas and the dog?
A. commensalism B. competition C. parasitism D mutualism
10. In the ecological relationship between a chicken and worm, wherein a
chicken eats the worm, what is the role of a worm?
A. parasite B. prey C. predator D. host
Check your answer with the key on page __ of your module.
What is your score? If you got it all correct, congratulations, that
means you have a wide understanding about the topic which you can use in
your daily life. If you got low score, don’t worry, this module will help you
understand the topic.
Activity 3
“Eco” Know
(Duration: 30 minutes)
The learners will read the following discussion from their module entitled ‘
Ecological relationship “ to gain an idea about the topic and answer the
questions that follows.
There are other microorganisms such as protozoa – they are single celled
organisms that have a true nucleus enclosed by a membrane. Some protozoa
have animal-like behavior such as, movement (e.g., amoeba and paramecium).
Some protozoa have plant-like behavior, they are able to photosynthesize, and
these include the algae.
In the environment, there are plants, animals, and microscopic
organisms such as bacteria and fungi. A group of organisms of the same kind
living in the same place at the same time is called a population.
Q1. In figure 4 below, what populations of organisms do you see?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
__________________
 fungus

fungus

fungus

Butterfly Cotton stainer Fly Dragon fly Fungus

Praying mantis
Figure 4. An example of an ecosystem with different organisms

Populations that interact in a given environment form a community. In a

community, interactions within and among populations may have important
influences to death rate and birth rates of the organisms and, in turn, on
population growth and size -- these interactions may have positive, neutral, or
even negative influences on interacting populations.
Different populations of organisms such as: Ducks, a representative of herons
(white bird), insects, tall grasses, coconut plants, and different types of fish in
water.

These populations of organisms interact among themselves. For example,

ducks stay in water for food. They eat small animals living in water. This is an
interaction between ducks and small animals. Biological interactions are the
effects organisms in a community have on one another. In the environment no
organism exists in absolute isolation, and thus every organism must interact with
other organisms and the environment.
Look at figure 5 below. What kind of interaction do the ants and aphids exhibit?

Ant
Source: http://www.suchitraimages.com/photography/page/3
http://www.veggiegardener.com/pests/aphids/ Aphids
Figure 5. A. Interacting populations of ants and aphids.
B. An ant taking honeydew from the back of an aphid.
Aphids are small insects that suck liquid containing sugar from the conducting
tissues of plants. These aphids get a certain amount of sugar and other nutrients
from this liquid. However, much of the liquid called honeydew is released
through the aphids’ anus. The ants consume this honeydew as food. The ants, in
turn, protect the aphids from their insect predators. Thus, both species benefit
from each other. This interaction between the populations of ants and aphids is
referred to as mutualism.
Some interactions among organisms are easier to determine than others, and
some effects can easily be observed. Study
the photographs that follow.
Figure 6 shows fern plants
growing on a trunk of a Narra tree.
What kind of relationship do you think do Figure 6. Fern plants growing on a trunk
of a Narra tree.
these two organismshave?
Epiphytes are plants that depend on other
plants for support.
Usually, epiphytes grow on trunks and
branches of trees. Figure 6 shows an epiphytic fern that attached itself on a trunk
of a Narra tree without harming the tree. The Narra tree is a host that provides a
place for the fern to live. When it rains, the ferns get nutrients from rotting leaves
and other organic materials that collect at the root base of the fern plant. This
relationship is called commensalism -- one organism benefits from the host
organism, while the host organism is neither positively nor negatively affected.
Q2. What other examples of commensalism can you give?
_________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Barnacles and other seashells

Barnacles on the shells of tahong Barnacles on the shells of talaba

Barnacles adhering to the shell of oyster or mussels (talaba or tahong):
they are crustaceans whose adults are sedentary. The motile larvae find a suitable
surface and then undergo a metamorphosis to the sedentary form. The barnacle
benefits by finding a habitat where nutrients are available. In the case of lodging
on the shell of other organisms living organism, barnacle populations does not
hamper or enhance the survival of the animals carrying them. However, some
species of barnacles are parasitic.
Orchid plants and trees
Orchid plant is an epiphytic plant species that
grows on certain woody plants (trees). Orchid draws its
nutrients from the atmosphere, not from the host
tree. Thus the orchid has no harmful effect to the
woody plant.
Another type of relationship is parasitism
– one organism lives in or on another organism (the host) and consequently
harms the host
while it benefits.

Figure 7 shows an insect larva and a leaf

of a plant. What kind of relationship do you think
do these two organisms have?

Figure 7. A larva of an insect lives

on the leaves of
the plant and causes damage by eating the leaves.

The insect larva (the parasite) gets its nutrients by eating the leaves –
thereby, damaging the plant (the host). This relationship is called parasitism. A
parasite gets its nutrients from a living host harmed by the interaction. Another
example of parasitism is the flea that thrives on a dog. The dog is harmed by the
flea that feeds on its blood.
Q3. What other examples of parasitism can you give?
_________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Activity 4
Part 1
Which eats what?
(Duration: 30 minutes)
Objectives
In this activity, you should be able to:
1. identify the predators and prey animals in the environment,
2. describe how the predators capture the prey animals for food,
and
3. describe how predators and prey animals interact with each
other in the environment.
Procedure
1. Observe each organism in the picture carefully. Fill in the appropriate box to
each of the organism the answer the guide questions that follows.
Organisms Q27. Q28. Q29.
What Which is the Which part of
organisms are eater? the body does
involved? Which is eaten? the eater use
to get its
food?
C. Engagement Activity 4
Part II
Garden Visit
Duration (30 minutes)
Directions: Visit your garden to make more observations. If you have observed
other organisms that are not in the list, you may
also add such observations to your worksheet. No need to put pictures just write
the common name of the organisms on the appropriate box.
Organisms Q27. Q28. Q29.
What Which is the Which part of
organisms are eater? the body does
involved? Which is eaten? the eater use
to get its
food?

Animals kill and eat other animals. This interaction is called

predation. An animal that kills and eat other animals is called a predator. An
animal that is killed and eaten by its predator is called a prey. Prey animals are
usually smaller and less powerful than the predator that eats them.
In a given community, predators compete with other predators for prey
animals. In the wild, a predator’s prey may be another prey’s predator. This
means that while an animal hunts and feeds upon another animal, it can also
become prey to a larger and stronger predator.
When two populations use the same resource, they participate in a
biological interaction called competition. Resources for which different
populations compete include food, nesting sites, habitat, light, nutrients, and
water. Usually, competition occurs for resources in short supply.
 Activity 5
Ecological Relationships
(Duration: 1 hour)
I. Objective:
After, performing this activity, you should be able to:
1. Identify and describe the ecological relationships among organisms in an
ecosystem.
2. Cite examples of organisms involved in such kind of ecological
relationship.
3. Value the importance of the different kinds of relationships that we share
with others.
Procedure :
Name and identify the role of each organism involved in the different ecological
relationships mentioned in the table below.

Organisms Which organism Which organism Which organism

is benefited? is harmed? is neither
benefited nor
harmed?

MUTUALISM

COMMENSALI
SM

PARASITISM

PREDATION

COMPETITION
Q1. What is the difference between predation and parasitism?
 ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Q2. Describe the kind of relationship that you have with your brother or sister or
parents.
________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________
Q3.Why is it important to identify and understand ecological relationships?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
D.Assimilation Activity 6
Interactions in the Community
Duration: 20 minutes
Direction: Look at the following pictures below. Write the type of interaction
shown by the following organisms (pictures taken from www.yahoo.com images
and clipart).

1. Caterpillar eating plant leaves 2. Barnacles enjoy free rides on a whale

________________________ ____________________________

3. A snake feeding on a rat 4. Ants and aphids

________________________ _____________________________

5.Lice on a girl’s scalp. 6. Tapeworm in a pig’s intestine

________________________ _____________________________-

7. Frog snapping fly 8. Rats that feed on the same resource.

_________________________ ____________________________

9. Remora and shark 10. Orchid in a tree trunk

________________________ _____________________________
 Activity 7
POST TEST
( Duration : 20 minutes)
I - Direction: Encircle the letter of the best answer.
1. The relationship in which one organism is helped and the other is harmed is
known as
A. commensalisms C. parasitism
B. mutualism D. symbiosis
2. What type of relationship is Commensalism?
A. One species benefits and the other is not affected at all.
B. Both species involved benefit from the relationship.
C. One species benefits and the other is harmed.
D. Competing for the same food source
3. A hawk soaring above a field hunting for a field mouse is an example of
which relationship?
A. Commensalism B. Mutualism C. Symbolism D. Predation
4. Which of the following is characteristic of predation?
A. One organism kills and consumes another.
B. One organism lives in or on another and benefits.
C. Two organisms live together and neither is harmed.
D. Two organisms feed side by side from the same food.
5. Which of the following relationships exist when the snake eats the frog?
A. competition B. cooperation C. commensalism D. predation
6.In the ecological relationship between a chicken and worm, wherein a chicken
eats the worm, what is the role of a worm?
A. parasite B. prey C.predator D. host
7. Which of the following exhibit mutualism?
A. algae-fungi C. rats-cats
B hawk D. worms-human.
8.Ants and acacia trees have a mutualistic relationship because
A. They both benefit from living with each other.
B. They are part of the same ecosystem.
C. They are both adapted to a humid climate.
D. The ants eat part of the acacia tree.
9.Tapeworms are sometimes found in the small intestines of sheep. A tapeworm
attaches to the intestinal wall using suckers and then absorbs nutrients from the
sheep’s intestine. Which of the following terms describes the relationship
between the tapeworm and the sheep?
A. competition B. herbivory C. parasitism D. predation
10. The ecological relationship between a hawk and a rabbit is the same type of
relationship as that between
A. a tick and a deer.
B. a frog and an insect.
C. a mouse and a chipmunk.
D. a bee and a flowering plant.
Check your answer with the key on page __ of your module.
What is your score? If you got it all correct, congratulations, that means you
understand the lesson which you can use in your daily life. If you got low
score, don’t worry, you may look back in the area where you are having
difficulty.
IV. REFLECTION DURATION: 20 MINUTES
he learners will write their personal insights about the lesson using the prompts
below in their notebook, journal or portfolio.
 1. I learned that ______________________________.
2. I understand that __________________________.
3. I realized that ______________________________.

Answer Key:
Activity 1
1. I can see flower and butterfly.
2. Flower and butterfly both benefit in the situation.
3. No one is harmed in the situation.
4. I see this activity in our environment.
Activity 2. PRE-TEST
1. D 6. C
2. D 7. B
3. C 8. C
4. C 9. C
5. D 10. B
Activity 3
Q1. Populations of:
Cotton stainer insect
Dragon fly
Fly
Butterfly
Praying mantis
Different fungi
Different plants
Q2. Remora fish have a disk on their heads that makes them able to attach to larger animals, such as sharks,
mantas, and whales.
Orchid plant that grows on certain woody plants.
Q3. Hookworms consuming blood from inside an animal's intestine.
Tick that feed on the blood of dog
Activity 4 part 1

Activity 4 part 2.
Answer may vary depending on the students’ observation

Activity 5
 Organisms Which organism is Which organism is Which organism is
benefited? harmed? neither benefited
nor harmed?

none none
Flower and butterfly

MUTUALISM

orchid none Tree trunk

COMMENSALISM

Human foot
leech none

PARASITISM

snake frog none

PREDATION

Both goat and horse

COMPETITION

Q1. Predation is a biological interaction where a predator feeds on its prey. The predator kills the prey at
once and has it in the form of food whereas parasite lives in or on another organism (its host) and benefits
by deriving nutrients at the other's expense. This type of interaction is called as parasitism. One of the
partners is benefitted while the other partner is harmed. 
Q2. The type of relationship that I have with my sister is mutualism because we give and take and vice
versa wherein we both benefit in the situation. ( answer may vary)
Q3. Because it maintains the balance in our ecosystem as well as controlling the population of living
organisms.
Activity 6
1. parasitism 6. parasitism
2. commensalism 7. predation
3. predation 8. competition
4. mutualism 9. commensalism
5. parasitism 10. Commensalism
Activity 7
1. C 6. B
2. A 7. A
3. D 8.A
4. C 9. C
5. D 10. B

Activity 4
Part 1
Which eats what?
(Duration: 30 minutes)
TOPIC:Ecological Relationship
MELC : Describe the different ecological relationships found in an ecosystem.
Objectives:
In this activity, you should be able to:
1. identify the predators and prey animals in the environment,
2. describe how the predators capture the prey animals for food, and
3. describe how predators and prey animals interact with each other in the environment.
Materials Needed
worksheet
pencil
hand lens
Procedure
1. Observe each organism in the picture carefully. Fill in the appropriate
box to each of the organism.
Organisms Q27. Q28. Q29.
What Which is the Which part of
organisms are eater? the body does
involved? Which is eaten? the eater use
to get its
food?

Part II
Garden Visit
Duration (30 minutes)
Directions: Visit your garden to make more observations. If you have observed other organisms that are not in the
list, you may
also add such observations to your worksheet. No need to put pictures just write the common name of the
organisms on the appropriate box.
Organisms Q27. Q28. Q29.
What Which is the Which part of
organisms are eater? the body does
involved? Which is eaten? the eater use
to get its
food?

Activity 6
Ecological Relationships
(Duration: 1 hour)
TOPIC:Ecological Relationship
MELC : Describe the different ecological relationships found in an ecosystem.
I. Objective:
After, performing this activity, you should be able to:
 Identify and describe the ecological relationships among organisms in an ecosystem.
 Cite examples of organisms involved in such kind of ecological relationship.
 Value the importance of the different kinds of relationships that we share with others.
II. Material:
Paper, pen and visual aids
III. Procedure :
Name and identify the role of each organism involved in the different ecological relationships
mentioned in the table below.
Organisms Which organism Which organism Which organism
is benefited? is harmed? is neither
benefited nor
harmed?

MUTUALISM

COMMENSALI
SM

PARASITISM
 PREDATION

COMPETITION
Q1. What is the difference between predation and parasitism?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________
Q2. Describe the kind of relationship that you have with your brother or sister or parents.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
Q3.Why is it important to identify and understand ecological relationships?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________
Activity 7
Interactions in the Community
Duration: 20 minutes
TOPIC:Ecological Relationship
MELC : Describe the different ecological relationships found in an ecosystem.
I. Objective:
After, performing this activity, you should be able to:
1. Identify the type of interaction shown by the following pictures below.
Direction: Look at the following pictures below. Write the type of interaction shown by the following organisms
(pictures taken from www.yahoo.com images and clipart).

1. Caterpillar eating plant leaves 2. Barnacles enjoy free rides on a whale

________________________ ____________________________

3. A snake feeding on a rat 4. Ants and aphids

________________________ _____________________________

5.Lice on a girl’s scalp. 6. Tapeworm in a pig’s intestine

________________________
_____________________________-
7. Frog snapping fly 8. Rats that feed on the same resource.
_________________________ ____________________________

9. Remora and shark 10. Orchid in a tree trunk

________________________ _____________________________