Reusabilidad de Componentes de Transmision

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Cerrar SIS

Pantalla anterior

Producto: MO TO R GR ADER
Mode lo: 24M MO TO R GR ADER B9K
C onfiguración: 24M Motor Grade r B9K00001-UP (MAC HINE)
PO W ER ED BY C 18 Engine

Pautas de reutilización y recuperación


Reuse and Salvage of Transmission Components{3030}
Número de medio -SEBF8091-09 Fecha de publicación -27/03/2013 Fecha de actualización -27/03/2013

i05271133

Reuse and Salvage of Transmission Components{3030}


SMCS - 3030

Articulated Truck: All


Asphalt Paver: All
Backhoe Loader: All
Challenger: All
Cold Planer: All
Compact Track Loader: All
Compact Wheel Loader: ALL
Forest Products: All
Integrated Toolcarrier: All
Landfill Compactor: All
Motor Grader: All
Off-Highway Truck/Tractor: All
On-Highway Transmission: All
Petroleum Transmission: All
Pipelayer: All
Road Reclaimer/Soil Stabilizer: All
Track-Type Loader: All
Track-Type Skidder: All
Track-Type Tractor: All
Transmission: All OEM Transmissions
Underground Articulated Truck: All
Wheel Dozer: All
Wheel Loader: All
Wheel Skidder: All
Wheel Tractor-Scraper: All

Introduction
Table 1
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Table 1
Revision
Summary of Changes in SEBF8091

09 Added group effectivity for All OEM Transmissions.

08 Updated group effectivity.

Updated introduction, added Canceled Part Numbers section, and updated group effectivity.
07

© 2013 Caterpillar All Rights Reserved. This guideline is for the use of Cat Dealers only. Unauthorized use of
this document or the proprietary processes therein without permission may be violation of intellectual property
law.

This Reuse and Salvage Guideline contains the necessary information in order to allow a dealer to establish a
parts reusability program. Reuse and salvage information enables Caterpillar dealers and customers to benefit
from cost reductions. Every effort has been made in order to provide the most current information that is known
to Caterpillar. Continuing improvement and advancement of product design might have caused changes to your
product which are not included in this publication. This Reuse and Salvage Guideline must be used with the latest
technical information that is available from Caterpillar.

For questions or additional information concerning this guideline, submit a form for feedback in the Service
Information System. In order to address an urgent issue, use the following resources in order to communicate
your request to Caterpillar Repair Process Engineering:

Caterpillar Dealer Technical Communicator

Dealer Solution Network

Caterpillar Technical Representative

Knowledge Network

Canceled Part Numbers and Replaced Part Numbers


This document may include canceled part numbers and replaced part numbers. Use NPR on SIS for information
about canceled part numbers and replaced part numbers. NPR will provide the current part numbers for
replaced parts.

Summary
The contents of this guideline includes component reusability and some salvage procedures. Most of this
guideline gives visual examples of parts that fall into the "Use again" or "Do not use again" categories. Subjects
requiring more lengthy salvage procedures are contained in other published guidelines. These guidelines are listed
in the "References" section.

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Replacement of individual ring, planet, or sun gears in a planetary set is acceptable. It is recomended that all of
the planet gears be replaced together if the new gears have the same package date. Otherwise, individual gears
can be replaced.

When used in the same application, parts that meet the "Use again" specifications in this and other guidelines can
be expected to give normal performance until the next overhaul. Never install a part that this guideline shows
cannot be used again. During reconditioning, correct any conditions that might be caused the original failure.

References
Prior to beginning the transmission repair, service personnel should also have on-hand the appropriate Service
Manual and the followingReuse and Salvage Guidelines.

Table 2
References Material

Form No.
Title

SEBF8017
"Clutch Ring Gears for All Power Shift Transmissions"

SEBF8060
"Repair of Transmission, Torque Converter and Torque Divider Shafts"

SEBF8013
"Transmission Clutch Plates and Disc Assemblies with Sintered Bronze Friction Material"

SEBF8031
"Transmission Clutch Plates and Disc Assemblies with F37 Clutch Friction Material"

SEBF8098
"Transmission Clutch Plates and Disc Assemblies with RAYFLEX® Friction Material"

SEBF8006 "Clutch Housings and Clutch Pistons for Transmissions and Torque Dividers (with Cast Iron
Seal Rings)"

SEBF8014 "Identification and Applications of Transmission Clutch Plates and Specifications to Machine
Reaction Faces for Power Shift Transmissions"

For information concerning Planetary Final Drives, Non-Planetary Final Drives and/or gear failure, see the
following Reuse and Salvage Guidelines.

Table 3
References Material

Form No.

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Title

SEBF8079
"Planetary Final Drives for Track-Type Tractors"

SEBF8078
"Non-Planetary Final Drives (TTT)"

SEBF8045 "Lift Truck Engine Timing Gears: Cat 1404, Continental F163, F227, and all Perkins Engines
respectively"

Planet Carriers

Illustration 1 g02297999
Planet carrier.

Planet Shaft Bores

Light fretting is acceptable, but a wear step that can be felt with a fingernail is not acceptable. If the wear step
can be felt with a fingernail, do not use again

Planet Shaft Retention Ball Pocket

The bottom or sides of the pocket must not be worn more than1.0 mm (0.04 inch). No cracks in the pocket are
permitted. If the shaft retention ball pocket is worn more than1.0 mm (0.04 inch), and/or has any cracks, do not
use again.
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Planet Gear Thrust Faces

A thrust face showing light circumferential scratches and/or small nicks can be used again after the scratches
are removed and the thrust face is polished. Remove the nicks and scratches with a file and polish with 240 grit
emery paper.

Spline Wear

Wear steps, up to 0.30 mm (0.012 inch) deep, per side, are acceptable on the splines. To measure wear, hold a
straight edge against the unworn part of the spline (see Illustration 3). use a feeler gauge, as shown in Illustration
3, to measure the gap between the straight edge and the worn surface. If the wear step exceeds 0.30 mm (0.012
inch), do not use again.

Illustration 2 g02298093
Wear steps on splines.

Use again if wear steps do not exceed0.30 mm (.012 inch).

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Illustration 3 g02298113
Top view of spline. Use a straight edge and feeler gauge to measure wear step on both sides of the spline.

Carrier Deck Cracks

Only 8S-0005 Carriers with deck cracks that meet the following criteria can be used again. Other carriers
cannot be used again if any cracks are visible anywhere on the carrier deck. 8S-0005 Carriers with cracks
visible on the outside edge of the decks, can be used again (see Illustration 4). If cracks are visible on the flat
surface of the decks, do not use again (see Illustrations 5 and 6). use a penetrant or magnetic particle procedure
to identify cracks.

Illustration 4 g02298234
8S-0005 Carrier deck with crack visible only on edge.

Use again if cracks are not visible on the flat deck surfaces of an 8S-0005 Carrier .

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Illustration 5 g02298283
8S-0005 Carrier deck with crack on flat surface.

Do not use again if crack extends onto the flat surface.

Illustration 6 g02298293
8S-0005 Carrier with crack extending onto flat surface.

Planet Shafts
Shaft Support Diameters

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Wear steps on the diameters of the shaft support are not acceptable. If there are no wear steps, but only light
fretting, the shaft may be used again. See Illustration 7.

Illustration 7 g02298335
Shaft support diameter with light fretting.

Use again

Bearing Diameters

Pitting, spalling, or wear steps that can be felt with a fingernail are not acceptable. Light scratches may be
acceptable, but only if scratches do notcatch a piece of tag wire or paper passed across the top of the scratched
surface.

Gears

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Illustration 8 g02298553
Gear nomenclature.

Nomenclature

Crown: Slight convex outline of a gear tooth viewed from the top (see Illustration 8). The slightly rounded shape
of the tooth crown compensates for minor gear tooth misalignment by avoiding load concentration on the ends of
the teeth.

Profile: Shape or outline of the tooth as seen from the side of the tooth.

HPSTC: Highest point of single tooth contact.

LPSTC: Lowest point of single tooth contact.

Pitch Line: The tooth location between the HPSTC and the LPSTC where there is no sliding action between
the two mating gear teeth surfaces.

Rolling/Sliding Action: When two mating gears rotate, the teeth go through a combined rolling/sliding action
(see Illustration 9).

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Illustration 9 g02298854
Rolling/Sliding action.

Rolling/Sliding Action

The rolling/sliding action takes place when two teeth begin to make contact. As the teeth engage, the sliding
action stops at the operating pitch line. The rolling action continues until the tip of the drive gear tooth and the
root of the driven gear begin to make contact. At this time, sliding/rolling action resumes and the cycle begins
again (see Illustration 9).

Sliding action, plus the load placed between two teeth, is the basic operational cause of surface damage, such as
scoring, on gear teeth. Sliding action is greatest near the tooth tip and root. These areas must be inspected for
scoring and other types of surface damage.

Sliding under a high load can also cause pitting. The areas of greatest stress caused by sliding are the LPSTC of
the sun gear and the HPSTC of the planet and ring gears. These areas need careful inspection for pitting.

Pitting And Spalling

Pitting is a type of surface or subsurface fatigue failure of a gear tooth. Pitting is usually the result of high contact
stresses and the rolling/sliding action of two gear teeth. A pit begins as a minute crack, less the 0.13 mm (0.005
inch)deep, which causes a small amount of metal to separate from the surface of the gear tooth. This separation
then appears as a pit. There are two types of pitting: initial and destructive.

Destructive pitting usually occurs after a long period of operation and high contact stresses. Inadequate
lubrication can also cause destructive pitting. Destructive pitting can progress rapidly into either spalling, or
complete disintegration of the tooth. Each pit acts as a point of stress concentration which accelerates pit
formation until the tooth fractures.

Pitting, if not corrected, can progress into spalling (see the section on "Spalling" for additional information).
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Initial Pitting

If ridges or high spots are present in high load areas, surface cracks and surface pits may begin to develop. Such
pits are generally less than 0.7 mm (.03 inch)in diameter and tend to distribute the load by progressively
removing the high contact areas. When the load is more evenly distributed, pitting slows, and the surface begins
to polish. This is called "initial pitting: or "Corrective Pitting". Illustrations 11 through 19 show initial pitting.

Illustration 10 g02300833
Initial pitting

Illustration 11 g02300893
Magnified view of initial pitting on gear tooth.

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Illustration 12 g02300933
Initial pitting in the fillet section of the tooth. Pitting is localized into one area.

Illustration 13 g02300975
Magnification of Illustration 12.

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Illustration 14 g02300993
Initial pitting in the fillet section on a different tooth of the same gear. Again, pitting is localized into one area.

Illustration 15 g02306753
Magnification of Illustration 14.

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Illustration 16 g02306754
Initial pitting with larger single pits covering more of the tooth face.

Illustration 17 g02308376
Magnification of Illustration 16.

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Illustration 18 g02308415
Initial pitting with larger single pits covering more of the tooth face and extending into the root of the gear.

Illustration 19 g02308553
Magnification of Illustration 18.

Note: Illustrations 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18- Use again after lightly polishing the tooth profiles with a 6V-2010
Stone and oil.

Destructive Pitting

Destructive pitting usually occurs after a long period of operation and high contact stresses. Inadequate
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lubrication can also cause destructive pitting. Destructive pitting can progress rapidly into either spalling or
complete disintegration of the tooth. Each pit acts as a point of stress which accelerates pit formation until the
tooth fractures. Illustrations 20 through 26 show the progression of a typical gear tooth failure from destructive
pitting through spalling.

Illustration 20 g02308581
Early stage of destructive pitting.

Illustration 21 g02308595
Early stage of destructive pitting (magnification x 20).

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Illustration 22 g02308635
Cross sectional view of destructive pitting (magnification x 100).

Illustration 23 g02308665
Stage two of destructive pitting. Damage has progressed across the tooth.

Illustration 24 g02308713
Stage three of destructive pitting. Damage has progressed vertically on the tooth face.

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Illustration 25 g02308793
Stage four of destructive pitting. Damage has progressed from pitting to spalling.

Illustration 26 g02308844
Cross section view of a gear tooth showing pitting damage which has progressed to spalling.

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Illustration 27 g02308860
Early stage destructive pitting

Do not use again sun and planet gears. Use again ring gears.

Illustration 28 g02308874
Appearance of pitting. What appears to be pits are really machining marks. A dark appearance on the edges of the teeth and
in the machining marks is caused by the extreme pressure gear oil used in the final drive.

Use again

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Illustration 29 g02317350
Early stage of destructive pitting.

Illustration 30 g02317373
Moderate pitting.

Illustrations 29 & 30- Do not use again sun and planet gears.Use again ring gears.

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Illustration 31 g02319393
Start of destructive pitting in the ring gear.

Illustration 32 g02319413
Pitting between the pitch line and fillet.

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Illustration 33 g02319433
Magnified photo of pitting shown in Illustration 32.

Illustrations 31 & 32- Do not use again.

Illustration 34 g02319435
Advanced stage of destructive pitting.

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Illustration 35 g02335079
Crack in tooth initiated from destructive pitting.

Illustrations 34 & 35- Do not use again.

Spalling

Spalling is a type of subsurface fatigue failure. Spalling usually begins with a small fatigue crack under the surface
of the gear tooth. The tooth surface is then weakened and metal flakes away from the tooth face. Once spalling
begins, the damage can progress quickly to gear tooth fracture.

Note: Note: While spalling is often the final stage of pitting, each can occur separately.

Abrasive Wear

Abrasive wear on gear teeth is caused by small foreign particles, such as dirt or metal, in the lubrication system.
These small particles act as a lapping compound during machine operation and wear down the gear tooth
surface.

During the early stage of abrasive wear, the gear teeth will have a satiny, not shiny, appearance. The next stage
of abrasive wear results in the appearance of flat spots on the gear tooth profile and a reduction of the tooth
crown. The advanced stage of abrasive wear results in deep grooves appearing on both sides of the gear tooth
pitch line. Abrasive wear of the gear teeth is accompanied by wear on all transmission components, including
bearing needles, cages, and races.

Note: Note: If abrasive wear is found in the gear train, correct the source of contamination.

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Illustration 36 g02336036
Advanced abrasive wear around the gear tooth pitch line. Notice that the tooth profile is altered because of the advanced
wear.

Gear Cleaning and Inspection


Note: Note: Gears must be cleaned prior to inspection. After removing the gears from the transmission, clean
and ensure that all are free of dirt, water, and oil. If the gears are to be stored after inspection, coat with a thin
layer of oil and store in a clean, dry place.

After cleaning the gear, carefully inspect every tooth completely for cracks, pitting, spalling, or any surface
damage. This inspection may be accomplished using a magnifying glass and a strong light source (sunlight is
best).It may be difficult to distinguish between small scratches and cracks. Magnetic particle, or dye penetrant
may be also used to ensure that the gear is reusable.

NOTICE
It is important to inspect every tooth of each gear. It is possible for only
one tooth to be damaged. If a gear is used again after falling within the
"Do not use again" criteria, failure may result in damage to other
transmission components.

Planet Gears
Teeth

Some planet gears may have wear or damage on only one side (face) of the teeth. Do not turn the gears around

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to present new wear surface if the gear does not meet "Use again" criteria. Planet gears are idler gears. During
each revolution there is equal tooth loading in both directions on every tooth. This tooth loading causes a planet
gear to be unusable if wear or damage on only one side (face) of the teeth meets the "Do not use again" criteria.

Cracks

No cracks or any amount of pitting and/or spalling are acceptable on planet gear teeth. If any evidence of
cracks, pitting or spalling is visible, do not use again.

Note: Note: What appear to be small cracks may only be hob (gear cutter) marks. Inspect the gear carefully
using Illustrations 37 and 38 for reference.

It is common for shaving marks or machining marks to polish away without development of surface pits. Load
carrying surfaces may become polished until they are mirror-like as seen in Illustration 39.

Illustration 37 g02336137
Machining marks may appear to be cracks.

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Illustration 38 g02336180
What appears to be several cracks on the planet gear tooth are actually hob marks.

Illustrations 37 & 38- Use again.

Frosting

Illustration 39 g02336196
Surfaces of planet gear teeth have become frosted. Small pits are forming in the frosted area.

Do not use again.


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Frosting can also appear as thin surface layers of the tooth missing in bigger areas. This condition occurs when a
rough surface or tiny projections from the surface make contact and microweld. The surface metal then either
pulls out or fractures on a small scale. This results in a gray matte appearance which is not detrimental at this
stage. However, if the conditions causing "frosting" are not corrected, destructive pitting may begin. See
Illustration 40.

Illustration 40 g02336220
Frosting. If pitting has started, do not use the gear again.

Use again after correcting the condition that caused the "frosting". Do not use again if pitting has started.

Surface Blemishes

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Illustration 41 g02336264
Planet gear tooth edge with a small nick.

Use again only after removing the nick with a 6V-2010 Polishing Stone .

Illustration 42 g02336273
Planet gear tooth surface shows an indentation.

Do not use again.

Surface blemishes, resulting from foreign material, are acceptable only if the material did not cause indentations
on the faces of planet gear teeth.

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Planet gear teeth with small nicks may be reusable, but only if the nick can be removed with a 6V-2010 Polishing
Stone .

Indentations can result in case cracking and can result in tooth failure and result in damage to the transmission
components.

Excessive Wear

Excessive wear can cause an increased noise level and accelerates the tendency for tooth surface pitting and
spalling.

To test for excessive wear on planet gears, except those that are listed below, place a straight edge across a gear
tooth. If there is not excessive wear, the straight edge can be rocked against the tooth crown as shown in
Illustration 43. Do not use gears that show excessive wear.

Note: Note: The amount of crown is small, only 0.020 to 0.150 mm (0.0008 to 0.0059 inch). Most
measurements fall into the 0.025 to 0.030 mm (0.0010 to 0.0012 inch)range. Therefore, the amount of rocking
will be slight.

The following gears do not have crowned teeth.

Table 4
Chart A
Gears Without Crowned Teeth

7G-2491 7G-2497 7G-2500

7G-2502 7G-2504 7G-2508

7G-2524 7G-2525 7G-3459

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Illustration 43 g02336399
Place a straight edge along the pitch line of a crowned gear tooth. If the straight edge can be rocked, the amount of wear if
NOT excessive.

Planet Gear Bearing Bore


Excessive Wear

Bearing bores with excessive wear will not adequately guide the bearing cage and could result in premature
bearing failure.

The length of the bearing needles is not precisely controlled. If a bearing with long needles is installed in a gear
with a wear step created by shorter needles, this could result in premature bearing failure.

To determine the amount of wear on the bearing bore, use a dial bore gauge to measure both a portion of the
bore showing the most wear, and an unworn portion of the bore. Subtract the two measurements. No more than
0.013 mm (0.0005 inches) is permitted.

Note: Note: Gears with bore wear exceeding the maximum amount permitted may be sectioned and used as a
guide to compare with wear on other gears.

Use the following illustrations as aids to determine whether planet gear bearing bores fall within the "Do not use
again" criteria.

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Illustration 44 g02336636
Shallow pits have developed in the bearing bore due to rust and foreign material.

Illustration 45 g02343057
Pitting in the bearing bore has progressed to spalling.

Illustrations 44 & 45- Do not use again.

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Illustration 46 g02343116
Excessive wear in the bearing path caused by cage contact with the bore.

Illustration 47 g02343136
Severe wear to bearing bore caused by bearing cage. Wear will not allow the bearing bore to guide a new bearing correctly
and will cause premature failure.

Illustrations 46 & 47- Do not use again.

Rust

Gears with light rust on the bearing bore can be used again if the rust can be removed by light polishing with
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21/05/13 24M Motor Grader B9K00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C18 Engine(SEBP4105 - 42) - Documentación

crocus cloth and oil. Gears showing heavy rust cannot be used again because the rust will create pits.

Illustration 48 g02343161
Water inside the transmission caused excessive rust on the planet gear bearing bore.

Do not use again.

Foreign Material

Foreign material, usually the result of another failure, can result in bearing bore indentations and pitting. Dents in
the bearing bore can greatly reduce the bearing contact area and/or create cracks in the surface, resulting in
substantially shortened bearing life.

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Illustration 49 g02343197
Excessive amount of damage to the planet gear bearing bore due to foreign material.

Thrust Faces
Scratches

Light, circumferential scratches may be acceptable, but only if they do not catch a piece of tag wire or paper
passed across the top of the scratched surface. Use a 6V-2010 Polishing Stone to remove any radial scratches
or small nicks.

Wear

Gears with more than 0.03 mm (0.001 inch) thrust face wear cannot be used again. To measure the amount of
wear, place the gear on a surface plate. Measure the wear step with a dial indicator at several locations across
the worn area, following the wear path from the inside to the outside. Wear must be even across the wear path.

Illustration 50 g02343236
Planet gear thrust face.

Do not use again if face wear exceeds 0.03 mm (0.001 inch).

Planet Gear Thrust Washers

Newer, green, dark gray/black, or light brown thrust washers can be used again if they are not chipped,
cracked, burned, melted, grooved, or worn. Do not reuse the older, tan color washers.

Sun Gears
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No pitting, spalling, or cracks are acceptable.

Frosting is a condition caused by inadequate oil film between mating gear teeth surfaces. It appears as a cloudy
area on the gear contact surface and is sometimes accompanied by small surface pits.

Gears with frosting can be used again provided any surface pits are small enough that they do not catch a piece
of tag wire passed along the frosted surface. Frosting accompanied by any pit that does catch a tag wire is
unacceptable and the gear should not be used again.

Frosting is different in appearance than abrasive wear or light surface rust. Abrasive wear, due to foreign
material, usually covers the entire tooth face contact surface and has a more satiny, shiny appearance.

Abrasive wear will usually appear on all gears and other transmission components. Light surface rust or
corrosion can produce a mottled appearance, which has an irregular outline.

Note: If abrasive wear is found in the gear train, correct the source of contamination. Light surface rust or
corrosion can produce a frosted appearance, but usually is of irregular shape. Gears with this type of condition
can be reused if there are no pits or other defects.

Illustration 51 g02343296
Surfaces of the sun gear teeth have become frosted and small pits have formed in the frosted area.

Do not use again.

Ring Gears
Reusability of ring gears depends on the amount of damage or wear. Some damaged clutch ring gears obviously
cannot be used again. Other gears, with certain limitations, can be used again. Some clutch ring gears can be
reused without limitations, depending upon the location and degree of damage.

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Common types of damage which do not necessarily effect on reuse are:

Wear of the ring gear side face

Wear on crown of outer teeth

Notches on face of outer teeth

Damage caused by debris

for complete information concerning the reusability of ring gears, see Reuse and Salvage Guidelines, SEBF8017,
"Clutch Ring Gears for All Power Shift Transmissions".

Main Shafts
For complete information concerning the reusability of main shafts, see Reuse and Salvage Guidelines,
SEBF8060, "Repair of Transmission, Torque Converter, and Torque Divider Shafts".

Bearings
Reuse bearings with less than 2,000 hours of use if there is no visible damage caused by other failures.

Do not use bearings showing any cage wear or discoloration.

Clutch Friction Material


For complete information concerning the reusability of main shafts, see Reuse and Salvage Guidelines,
SEBF8013, "Transmission Clutch Plates and Disc Assemblies with Sintered Bronze Friction Material", Reuse
and Salvage Guidelines, SEBF8031, "Transmission Clutch Plates and Disc Assemblies with F37 Clutch Friction
Material", and Reuse and Salvage Guidelines, SEBF8098, "Transmission Clutch Plates and Disc Assemblies
with RAYFLEX® Friction Material".

Clutch Pistons and Housings


Ensure that there are no burrs, nicks, or scratches on housing faces that form a metal-to-metal oil seal. See
Reuse and Salvage Guidelines, SEBF8006, "Clutch Housings and Clutch Pistons for Transmissions and Torque
Dividers (with Cast Iron Seal Rings)" and Reuse and Salvage Guidelines, SEBF8014, "Identification and
Applications of Transmission Clutch Plates and Specifications to Machine Reaction Faces for Power Shift
Transmissions" for additional salvage information.

Selector and Pressure Control Valves


No scratches, nicks, or dents are acceptable on valve spools. If spools appear to have a satiny surface, it is an
indication of abrasive wear.

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Check spool and bore for excessive wear, such as spalling, pitting, and cracking. If excessive wear is present, do
not use again. No scratches are acceptable in the bores. The metering edges of spools and bodies must be sharp
and not rounded by erosion.

Springs
No rust or pitting are acceptable on valve springs. check free length of valve spring and loaded length. Refer to
the appropriate Service manual for specifications.

Cases
Check for cracks and blocked oil passages. check pilot diameters and mounting faces for excessive wear or
fretting. Check dowel pin bores for wear and cracks. If any of the above conditions are found, do not use again.

C opyright 1993 - 2013 C ate rpillar Inc. Tue May 21 2013 15:29:56 GMT-0500 (Hora e st. Pacífico, Sudam é rica)
Todos los de re chos re se rvados.
R e d privada para lice nciados de l SIS.

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