DABI Topic1

AN OVERVIEW OF BUSINESS
INTELLIGENCE, ANALYTICS,
AND DATA SCIENCE
Data Analysis & Business Intelligence
Academic Year 2021 /2022

AN OVERVIEW OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE, ANALYTICS, AND DATA SCIENCE
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1.1 Understand the need for computerized support of managerial

decision making
1.2 Recognize the evolution of such computerized support to the
current state—analytics/data science
1.3 Describe the business intelligence (BI) methodology and
concepts
1.4 Understand the various types of analytics, and see selected
applications
1.5 Understand the analytics ecosystem to identify various key
players and career opportunities
2
OPENING CASE
Sports Analytics—An Exciting Frontier for Learning and Understanding

Applications of Analytics
Sports analytics is becoming a specialty within analytics
Sports is a big business
– Generating $145B in revenues annually
– Additional $100B in legal and $300B in illegal gambling
Analytic in sports popularized by the Moneyball book by Michael Lewis in
2003
– About Oakland A’s
– And the follow-on movie in 2011
Nowadays, analytics is used in many facets of sports
3
OPENING CASE
Example 1: The Business Office
Tier Highly Likely Likely Maybe Probably Not Certainly Not
1 92 88 75 69 45
2 88 81 70 65 38
3 80 76 68 55 36
4 77 72 65 45 25
5 75 70 60 35 25
4
OPENING CASE
Example 1: The Business Office
5
OPENING CASE
Example 2: The Coach

Decision tree analysis
6
OPENING CASE

Heat Map Zone Analysis for Passing Plays
7
OPENING CASE
8
OPENING CASE
Example 3: The Trainer
Soccer injury models Single Leg Squat Hold Test –
Core Body Strength Test
9
OPENING CASE
Discussion Questions
1. What are the factors that might be part of a PM for season

ticket renewals?
2. What are techniques that football teams can use to do
opponent analysis?
3. How can wearables improve player health and safety? What
kinds of new analytics can trainers use?
4. What other analytics applications can you envision in sports?
10
CHANGING BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS AND

EVOLVING NEEDS FOR DECISION SUPPORT
AND ANALYTICS
• Increased hardware, software, and network capabilities
• Group communication and collaboration
• Improved data management
• Managing giant data warehouses and Big Data
• Analytical support
• Overcoming cognitive limits in processing and storing
information
• Knowledge management
• Anywhere, anytime support
11
EVOLUTION OF COMPUTERIZED
DECISION SUPPORT TO ANALYTICS/DATA
SCIENCE
• Figure 1.8 Evolution of Decision Support, Business Intelligence, and
Analytics
12
A FRAMEWORK FOR BUSINESS

INTELLIGENCE (1 OF 3)
• Decision Support System (DSS) → Executive Information

System (EIS) → Business Intelligence
• Definition of Business Intelligence
– [Broad Definition] An umbrella term that combines
architectures, tools, databases, analytical tools, applications,
and methodologies
– [Narrow Definition] Descriptive analytics tools and
techniques (i.e., reporting tools)
• A Brief History of BI – 1970s → 1980s → 1990s …
• The Origins and Drivers of BI (See Figure 1.9)
• The Architecture of BI (See Figure 1.10)
13

• Figure 1.9 Evolution of Business Intelligence (BI) →
14

The Architecture of BI
Figure 1.10 A High-Level Architecture of BI
15
A MULTIMEDIA EXERCISE IN BUSINESS

INTELLIGENCE
Go To
www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXEL5F4_aKA
Discuss the case presented in the video
16
TRANSACTION PROCESSING VERSUS

ANALYTIC PROCESSING
• Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)

• Operational databases
• ERP, SCM, CRM, …
• Goal: data capture
• Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)
• Data warehouses
• Goal: decision support
• What is the relationship between OLTP and OLAP?
17
REAL-TIME, ON-DEMAND BI IS
ATTAINABLE
• Emergence of real-time BI applications

• Justifying the need
• Is there a need for real-time [is it worth the additional
expense]?
• Leveraging the enablers
• RFID
• Web services
• Intelligent agents
18
CRITICAL BI SYSTEM CONSIDERATIONS
• Developing or Acquiring BI Systems

• Make versus buy
• BI shells
• Justification and Cost–Benefit Analysis
• A challenging endeavor, why?
• Security
• Protection of Privacy
• Integration to Other Systems and Applications
19
ANALYTICS OVERVIEW
• Analytics…a relatively new term/buzz-word

• Analytics…the process of developing actionable decisions or
recommendations for actions based on insights generated
from historical data
• According to the Institute for Operations Research and
Management Science (INFORMS)
• Analytics represents the combination of computer
technology, management science techniques, and statistics
to solve real problems.
20
BUSINESS ANALYTICS
• Figure 1.11 Three Types of Analytics
21
DESCRIPTIVE ANALYTICS
• Descriptive or reporting analytics

• Answering the question of what happened
• Retrospective analysis of historic data
• Enablers
• OLAP / DW
• Data visualization
• Dashboards and Scorecards
• Descriptive statistics
22
PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS
• Aims to determine what is likely to happen in the future

(foreseeing the future events)
• Looking at the past data to predict the future
• Enablers
• Data mining
• Text mining / Web mining
• Forecasting (i.e., time series)
23
PRESCRIPTIVE ANALYTICS
• Aims to determine the best possible decision

• Uses both descriptive and predictive to create the alternatives, and
then determines the best one
• Enablers
• Optimization
• Simulation
• Multi-Criteria Decision Modeling
• Heuristic Programming
• Analytics Applied to Many Domains
• Analytics or Data Science?
24
ANALYTICS EXAMPLES
Analytics in Retail Value Chain

Figure 1.12 Example of Analytics Applications in a Retail Value Chain
25
A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO BIG DATA

ANALYTICS
• What Is Big Data? (Is it just “big”?)

• Big Data is data that cannot be stored or processed easily
using traditional tools/means
• Big Data typically refers to data that comes in many
different forms: large, structured, unstructured, continuous
• 3Vs – Volume, Variety, Velocity
• Data (Big Data or otherwise) is worthless if it does not
provide business value (and for it to provide business value,
it has to be analyzed)
27
AN OVERVIEW OF THE ANALYTICS

ECOSYSTEM
• Figure 1.13 Analytics Ecosystem
29

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AN OVERVIEW OF BUSINESS

Academic Year 2021 /2022

1.1 Understand the need for computerized support of managerial

Sports Analytics—An Exciting Frontier for Learning and Understanding

Example 1: The Business Office

Tier Highly Likely Likely Maybe Probably Not Certainly Not

Example 1: The Business Office

Example 2: The Coach

Example 2: The Coach

1. What are the factors that might be part of a PM for season

CHANGING BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTS AND

A FRAMEWORK FOR BUSINESS

• Decision Support System (DSS) → Executive Information

A FRAMEWORK FOR BUSINESS

• Figure 1.9 Evolution of Business Intelligence (BI) →

A FRAMEWORK FOR BUSINESS

A MULTIMEDIA EXERCISE IN BUSINESS

Discuss the case presented in the video

TRANSACTION PROCESSING VERSUS

• Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)

• Emergence of real-time BI applications

CRITICAL BI SYSTEM CONSIDERATIONS

• Developing or Acquiring BI Systems

• Analytics…a relatively new term/buzz-word

• Descriptive or reporting analytics

• Aims to determine what is likely to happen in the future

• Aims to determine the best possible decision

Analytics in Retail Value Chain

A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO BIG DATA

• What Is Big Data? (Is it just “big”?)

AN OVERVIEW OF THE ANALYTICS

• Figure 1.13 Analytics Ecosystem

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