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Very Short Answer Type Questions

[1 marks]
The graphs of y = p(x) for some polynomials (for questions 1 to 4) are given below. Find the
number of zeros in each case.
Que 1.

om
.c
ns
tio
lu
k so
oo
rtb
ce
.n
w
w
//w
s:
tp
ht

Sol. 1. There is no zero as the graph does not intersect the x-axis.
2. The number of zeros is four as the graph intersects the x-axis at four points.
3. The number of zeros is three as the graph intersects the x-axis at three points.
4. The numbers of zeros is three as the graph intersects the x-axis at three points.

Answer the following questions and justify your answer

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Que 5. What will the quotient and remainder be on division of ax2 + bx + c by px3 + qx2 +
rx + 5, p ≠ 0?
Sol. 0, ax2 + bx + c.
Que 6. If on division of a polynomial p(x) by a polynomial g(x), the quotient is zero, what is
the relation between the degrees of p(x) and g(x)?
Sol. Since the quotient is zero, therefore
deg p(x) < deg g(x)
Que 7. Can x – 2 be the remainder on division of a polynomial p(x) by x + 3?
Sol. No, as degree (x – 2) = degree (x + 3)

om
Que 8. Find the quadratic polynomial whose zeros are -3 and 4.

.c
Sol. Sum of zeros = -3 + 4 = 1,

ns
Product of zeros = -3 × 4 = -12

io
t
lu
∴ Required polynomial = x2 – x – 12 so
Que 9. If one zero of the quadratic polynomial x2 – 5x – 6 is 6 then find the other zero.
k
oo

Sol. Let a, 6 be the roots of given polynomial.

rtb

Then a + 6 = 5 ⇒ a = -1
ce

Que 10. If both the zeros of the quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c are equal and opposite in
.n

sign, then find the value of b.

w
w

Sol. Let a and -a be the roots of given polynomial.

//w

𝑏
Then a + (-a) = 0 ⇒ − 𝑎 = 0 ⇒ 𝑏 = 0.
s:
tp

Que 11. What number should be added to be the polynomial x2 – 5x + 4, so that 3 is the
ht

zero of the polynomial?

Sol. Let f(x) = x2 – 5x + 4
Then f(3) = 32 – 5 × 3 + 4 = -2
For f(3) = 0,2 must be added to f(x).
Que 12. Can a quadratic polynomial x2 + kx +k have equal zeros for some odd integer k >
1?
Sol. No, for equal zeros, k = 0,4 ⇒ k should be even.
Que 13. If the zeros of a quadratic polynomial ax2 + bx + c are both negative, then can we
say a, b and c all have the same sign? Justify your answer.

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om
.c
ns
tio
lu
𝑏 𝑏 𝑐
Sol. Yes. Because − = sum of zeros < 0, so that > 0. Also the product of the zeros = > 0.
so
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
k
Que 14. If the graph of a polynomial intersects the x-axis at only one point, can it be a
oo

quadratic polynomial?
rtb

Sol. Yes, because every quadratic has at the most two zeros.
ce

Que 15. If the graph of a polynomial intersects the x-axis at exactly two points, is it
.n

necessarily a quadratic polynomial?

w
w

Sol. No, x4 – 1 is a polynomial intersecting the x-axis at exactly two points.

//w
s:
tp
ht

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Short Answer Type Questions – I

[2 marks]
Que 1. If one of the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = 4x2 – 8kx – 9 is equal in
magnitude but opposite in sign of the other, find the value of k.
Sol. Let one root of the given polynomial be a.
Then the other root = -a
∴ Sum of the roots = (-a) + a = 0
−𝑏 8𝑘
⇒ = 0 𝑜𝑟 = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑘 = 0
𝑎 4

Que 2. If one of the zeros of the quadratic polynomial (k – 1)x2 + kx + 1 is -3 then find the

om
value of k.

.c
Sol. Since -3 is a zero of the given polynomial

ns
∴ (k – 1) (-3)2 + k(-3) + 1 = 0

io
t
4

lu
⇒ 9k – 9 - 3k + 1 = 0 ⇒ 𝑘 = 3
so
Que 3. If 1 is a zero of the polynomial p(x) = ax2 – 3(a- 1)x – 1, then find the value of a.
k
oo

Sol. Put x = 1 in p(x)

rtb

∴ p (1) = a (1)2 – 3(a – 1) × 1 – 1 = 0

ce

⇒ a – 3a + 3 – 1 = 0 ⇒ -2a = -2 ⇒ a=1
.n
w

Que 4. If a and b are zeros of polynomial p(x) = x2 – 5x + 6, then find the value of a + b –
w

3ab.
//w

Sol. Here, a + b = 5, ab = 6
s:
tp

∴ a + b – 3ab = 5 – 3 × 6 = -13
ht

Que 5. Find the zeros of the polynomial p(x) = 4x2 – 12x + 9.

Sol. P(x) = 4x2 – 12x + 9 = (2x – 3)2
For zeros, p(x) = 0
3 3
⇒ (2x – 3)(2x – 3) = 0 ⇒ x = , .
2 2
Que 6. If one root of the polynomial p(y) = 5y2 + 13y + m is reciprocal of other, then find
the value of m.
1 1 𝑚 𝑚
Sol. Let the roots be a and 𝑎. Then 𝑎( ) = 𝑜𝑟 1 = 𝑜𝑟 𝑚 = 5
𝑎 5 5

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𝟏 𝟏
Que 7. If a and b are zeros of p(x) = x2 + x – 1, then find + .
𝒂 𝒃
1 1 𝑏+𝑎 −1
Sol. Here, a + b = -1, ab = -1, so + = = = 1
𝑎 𝑏 𝑎𝑏 −1

Que 8. Given that one of the zeros of the cubic polynomial ax3 + bx2 + d is zero, find the
product of the other two zeros.
Sol. Let a, b, r, be the roots of the given polynomial and a = 0.
𝑐 𝑐
Then ab + br + ra = ⇒ 𝑏𝑟 =
𝑎 𝑎

om
Que 9. If the product of two zeros of the polynomial p(x) = 2x3 + 6x2 – 4x + 9 is 3, then find
its third zero.

.c
ns
Sol. Let a, b, r be the roots of the given polynomial and ab = 3

io
9 −9 −3
Then abr = − 2 ⇒ 3 × 𝑟 = 𝑜𝑟 𝑟 =

t
lu
2 so 2

Que 10. Find a quadratic polynomial each with the given numbers as the sum and product
k
of its zeros respectively.
oo

𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
rtb

(𝐢) − , (𝒊𝒊) √𝟐,

𝟒 𝟒 𝟑
ce

Sol. Let a,b be the zeros of polynomial.

.n
w

1 1
(i) we have, a + b = − and 𝑎𝑏 =
w

4 4
//w

Thus, polynomial is
s:

P(x) = x2 – (a + b) x + ab
tp
ht

1 1 1 1 1
= 𝑥 2 − (− ) 𝑥 + = 𝑥2 + 𝑥 + = (4𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1)
4 4 4 4 4

∴ Quadratic polynomial = 4x2 + x + 1

1
(ii) We have, a + b = √2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑏 =
3

Thus, polynomial is p(x) = x2 – (a + b) x + ab

1 1
= x2 – √2 𝑥 + = (3𝑥 2 – 3√2𝑥 + 1)
3 3

∴ Quadratic polynomial = 3x2 - 3𝑥 2 − 3√2𝑥 + 1

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Short Answer Type Questions – II

[3 marks]

Find the zeros of the following quadratic polynomials and verify the relationship
between the zeros and the coefficients (Q. 1 - 2)
Que 1. 6x2 – 3 – 7x
Sol. We have, p(x) = 6x2 – 3 - 7x
⇒ P(x) = 6x2 – 7x – 3 (In general form)

= 6𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 3 = 3𝑥 (2𝑥 − 3) + 1 (2𝑥 − 3)

om
= (2x – 3) (3x + 1)

.c
The zero of polynomial p (x) is given by

ns
3 1
P(x) = 0 (2x – 3)(3x + 1) = 0 ⇒ x = ,−

io
⇒
2 3

t
Thus, the zeros of 6x2 – 7x – 3 are a =
3
and b = − lu 1
so
2 3
k
oo

3 1 9−2 7
Now, sum of the zeros = a + b = − = =
2 3 6 6
rtb

−(𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥) −7 7
And =
ce

=
𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 2 6 6
.n

−(𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥)
w

Therefore, sum of the zeros =

𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 2
w
//w

3 1 1
Again, product of zeros = a.b = × (− ) = −
2 3 2
s:

𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠tan𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 −3 1
tp

And = = −
𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 2
ht

6 2
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠tan𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚
Therefore, product of zeros =
𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 2

Que 2. 4u2 + 8u
Sol. We have, p (u) = 4u2 + 8u ⇒ p (u) = 4u (u + 2)
The zeros of polynomial p (u) is given by
P (u) = 0 ⇒ 4u (u + 2) = 0
∴ u = 0, - 2
Thus, the zeros of 4u2 + 8u are a = 0 and b = -2

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Now, sum of the zeros = a + b = 0 – 2 = -2

−(𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑢) −8
And = = −2
𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑢 2 4

−(𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑢)
Therefore, sum of the zeros =
𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑢2

Again, product of the zeros = ab = 0 × (-2) = 0

𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠tan𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 0
And = = 0
𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑢 2 4

𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠tan𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚
Therefore, product of zeros =
𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑢2

om
Que 3. Check whether the first polynomial is a factor of the second polynomial by

.c
dividing the second polynomial by the first polynomial:

ns
(i) X2 + 3x + 1, 3x4 + 5x3 – 7x2 + 2x + 2

io
(ii) t2 – 3, 2t4 + 3t3 – 2t2 – 9t – 12

t
Sol. (i) we have,
lu
k so
oo
rtb
ce
.n
w
w
//w
s:
tp
ht

Clearly, remainder is zero, so x2 + 3x + 1 is a factor of polynomial 3x4 + 5x3 – 7x2 + 2x

+2.

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(ii) We have,

om
.c
ns
io
Clearly, remainder is zero, so t2 – 3 is a factor of polynomial 2t4 + 3t3 – 2t2 – 9t – 12.

t
lu
so
Que 4. If a and B are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = 2x2 – 5x + 7, find
k
oo

a polynomial whose zeros are 2a + 3b and 3a + 2b.

rtb

Sol. Since a and b are the zeros of the quadratic polynomial f(x) = 2x2 – 5x + 7
ce

−(5) 5 7
∴ a+b== = 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑏 =
.n

2 2 2
w

Let s and p denote respectively the sum and product of the zeros of the required
w

polynomial.
//w

5 25
Then, S = (2a + 3b) + (3a + 2b) = 5(a + b) = 5 ×
s:

=
2 2
tp

And p = (2a + 3b) (3a + 2b)

ht

⇒ p = 6a2 + 6b2 + 13ab = 6a2 + 6b2 + 12ab + ab

= 6(a2 + b2 + 2ab) + ab = 6 (a + b)2 + ab
5 2 7 75 7
⇒ p=6×( ) + = + = 41
2 2 2 2

Hence, the required polynomial g(x) is given by

g(x) = k(x2 – Sx + p)
25
Or g(x) = k (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 41), where k is any non-zero real number.
2

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Que 5. What must be subtracted from p(x) = 8x 4 + 14x3 – 2x2 + 7x – 8 so that the
resulting polynomial is exactly divisible by g(x) = 4x 2 + 3x – 2?
Sol. Let y be subtracted from p(x)
∴ 8x4 + 14x3 – 2x2 + 7x – 8y is exactly divisible by g(x)

om
.c
ns
tio
lu
kso
oo
rtb

∵ Remainder should be 0.
ce

14x – 10 – y = 0
.n

∴
w

Or 14x – 10 = y or y = 14x – 10
w
//w

∴ (14x – 10) should be subtracted from p(x) so that it will be exactly divisible by
g(x).
s:
tp

Que 6. What must be added to f(x) = 4x4 + 2x3 – 2x2 + x – 1 so that the resulting
ht

polynomial is divisible by g(x) = x2 + 2x – 3?

Sol. By division algorithm, we have
f(x) = g(x) × q(x) + r(x)
⇒ f(x) – r(x) = g(x) × q(x) ⇒ f(x) + {-r(x)} = g(x) × q(x)
Clearly, RHS is divisible by g(x). Therefore, LHS is also divisible by g(x). Thus, if we add
-r(x) to f(x), then the resulting polynomial is divisible by g(x). Let us now find the
remainder when f(x) is divided by g(x).

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∴ r(x) = -61x + 65 or -r(x) = 61x – 65

om
Hence, we should add -r(x) = 61x – 65 to f(x) so that the resulting polynomial is divisible
by g(x).

.c
ns
Que 7. Obtain the zeros of quadratic polynomial √𝟑𝒙𝟐 – 8x + 4√𝟑 and verify the

io
relation between its zeros and coefficients.

t
Sol. We have,
lu
so
f(x) = √3𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 4√3
k
oo

= √3𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 4√3 = √3𝑥 (𝑥 − 2√3) − 2(𝑥 − 2√3

rtb
ce

⇒ (𝑥 − 2√3)(√3𝑥 − 2) = 0
.n

2
𝑥 = 2√3 𝑜𝑟 𝑥= .
w

√3
w

2
So, the zeros of 𝑓(𝑥) are 2√3 and .
//w

√3
s:

2 8 𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥
Sum of zeros = 2√3 + = = −
tp

√3 √3 𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 2
ht

2 4√3 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚

Product of the zeros = 2√3 × = =
√3 3 𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 2

Hence verified.
Que 8. If a and b are the zeros of the polynomial 𝟔𝒚𝟐 − 𝟕𝒚 + 𝟐, find a quadratic
𝟏 𝟏
polynomial whose zeros are 𝒂 and 𝒃.

Sol. Let 𝑝(𝑦) = 6𝑦 2 − 7𝑦 + 2

−7 7 2 1
𝑎 + 𝑏 = −( ) = ; 𝑎𝑏 = =
6 6 6 3

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1 1 𝑎+𝑏 7 7
Now, + = = 1 =
𝑎 𝑏 𝑎𝑏 6× 2
3

1 1 1 1
× = = 1 =3
𝑎 𝑏 𝑎𝑏
3

7 1
The required polynomial = 𝑦 2 − 𝑦+3= (2𝑦 2 − 7𝑦 + 6)
2 2

Que 9. If one zero of the polynomial 𝟑𝒙𝟐 − 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟐𝒌 + 𝟏 is seven times the other,
find the value of 𝒌.
Sol. Let a and b be the zeros of the polynomial. Then as per question b = 7a
−8
Now sum of zeros = 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 𝑎 + 7𝑎 = − ( )

om
3

.c
8 1
= 8𝑎 = 𝑜𝑟 = 𝑎 =

ns
3 3
2𝑘+1

io
And 𝑎 × 𝑏 = 𝑎 × 7𝑎 =

t
3

1 2
lu
so
2𝑘+1 2𝑘+1 1
⇒ 7𝑎2 = ⇒ 7( ) = (∵ 𝑎 = )
3 2 3 3
k
oo

7 2𝑘+1 7
⇒ = ⇒ = 2𝑘 + 1
rtb

9 3 3
7 2
ce

⇒ − 1 = 2𝑘 ⇒ 𝑘=
3 3
.n

𝟏
Que 10. If one zero of the polynomial 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙 + 𝛌 is 𝟐 , find the value of λ and
w
w

other zero.
//w

Sol. Let 𝑝(𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 𝛌

s:

1 1
tp

Its one zero is 𝑠𝑜 𝑝 ( ) = 0

2 2
ht

1 1 2 1
𝑝( ) = 2× ( ) +3 × +𝛌 = 𝟎
2 2 2
1 −3 4
⇒ + + λ=0 ⇒ + λ=0
2 2 2

⇒ 2+ λ=0 ⇒ λ = −2
Let the other zero be a.
1 −3 1
Then 𝑎 + = + = −2
2 2 2

Que 11. If one zero of polynomial (𝒂𝟐 + 𝟗)𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟑𝒙 + 𝟔𝒂 is reciprocal of the other,
find the value of a.

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Sol. Let one zero of the given polynomial be a.

1
Then, the other zero is 𝑎
1
∴ 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜𝑠 = 𝑎 × =1
𝑎

6𝑎
But, as per the given polynomial product of zeros =
𝑎2 +9
6𝑎
∴ =1 ⇒ 𝑎2 + 9 = 6𝑎

om
𝑎 2 +9

⇒ 𝑎2 − 6𝑎 + 9 = 0 ⇒ (𝑎 − 3)2 = 0

.c
ns
⇒ 𝑎−3=0 ⇒ 𝑎=3

io
Que 12. If the polynomial (𝒙𝟒 + 𝟐𝒙𝟑 + 𝟖𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏𝟖) is divided by another

t
lu
polynomial (𝒙𝟐 + 𝟓), the remainder comes out to be (𝒑𝒙 + 𝒒). Find value of p and
so
q.
k
oo

Sol. Let 𝑓(𝑥 ) = (𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 3 + 8𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 18) and 𝑔(𝑥) = (𝑥 2 + 5).

rtb

On dividing f(x) by g(x), we get

ce
.n
w
w
//w
s:
tp
ht

Now, 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞 = 2𝑥 + 3 ⇒ 𝑝 = 2, 𝑞 = 3 (By comparing the coefficient of x and

constant term).

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Long Answer Type Questions

[4 marks]

Que 1. Verify that the numbers given alongside the cubic polynomial below are their zeros,
Also verify the relationship between the zeros and the coefficients.

𝒙𝟑 − 𝟒𝒙𝟐 + 𝟓𝒙 − 𝟐; 𝟐, 𝟏, 𝟏
Sol. Let 𝑝(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 − 2
On comparing with general polynomial 𝑝(𝑥 ) = 𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑, we get a = 1, b = -
4, c = 5 and d = -2.
Given zeros 2, 1, 1.

om
∴ 𝑝(𝑥 ) = (2)3 − 4(2)2 + 5(2) − 2 = 8 − 16 + 10 − 2 = 0

.c
ns
And 𝑝(1) = (1)3 − 4(1)2 + 5(1) − 2 = 1 − 4 + 5 − 2 = 0.

io
Hence, 2, 1 and 1 are the zeros of the given cubic polynomial.

t
lu
Again, consider a = 2, b = 1, y = 1
so
k
∴ 𝛼+𝛽+𝛾 =2+1+1 =4
oo

−(𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 2 ) −𝑏 −(−4)
rtb

𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾 = 3
= = =4
𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 𝑎 1
ce

𝛼𝛽 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛾𝛼 = (2)(1) + (1)(1) + (1)(2) = 2 + 1 + 2 = 5

.n
w

𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑥 𝑐 5
w

𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛼𝛽 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛾𝛼 = = = =5
𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 3 𝑎 1
//w

𝛼𝛽𝛾 = (2)(1)(1) = 2
s:
tp

−(𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚) −𝑑 −(2)

𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛼𝛽𝛾 = = = = 2.
ht

𝐶𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑥 3 𝑎 1
Que 2. Find a cubic polynomial with the sum the zeros, sum of the products of its zeros
taken two at a time, and the product of its zeros as 2, -7, -14 respectively.
Sol. Let the cubic polynomial be 𝑝(𝑥 ) = 𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑. Then
−𝑏
Sum of zeros = =2
𝑎
𝑐
Sum of the product of zeros taken two at a time = 𝑎 = −7
−𝑑
And product of the zeros = = −14
𝑎

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𝑏 𝑐 𝑑 𝑑
⟹ = −2, 𝑎 = −7, − 𝑎 = −14 𝑜𝑟 = 14
𝑎 𝑎

𝑏 𝑐 𝑑
∴ 𝑝(𝑥 ) = 𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑 ⇒ 𝑝(𝑥 ) = 𝑎 [𝑥 3 + 𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 𝑎]
𝑎 𝑎

𝑏 𝑐 𝑑
𝑝(𝑥 ) = 𝑎[𝑥 3 + (−2)𝑥 2 + (−7)𝑥 + 14] ⇒ 𝑝(𝑥 ) = 𝑎 [𝑥 3 + 𝑥2 + 𝑥 + 𝑎]
𝑎 𝑎

For real value of 𝑎 = 1, 𝑝(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 14

Que 3. Find the zeros of the polynomial 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟑 − 𝟓𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟐𝟒, if it is given that the
product of its two zeros is 12.
Sol. Let 𝛼, 𝛽 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛾 be the zeros of polynomial 𝑓(𝑥) such that 𝑎𝑏 = 12.
−𝑏 −(−5)

om
We have, 𝛼+ 𝛽+ 𝛾= = =5
𝑎 1

.c
𝑐 −2 −𝑑 −24
𝛼𝛽 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛾𝛼 = = = −2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛼𝛽𝛾 = = = −24

ns
𝑎 1 𝑎 1

io
Putting 𝛼𝛽 = 12 𝑖𝑛 𝛼𝛽𝛾 = −24, 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡

t
lu
24
12𝛾 = −24 ⇒ 𝛾 = − 12 = −2
k so
Now, 𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾 = 5 ⇒ 𝛼+ 𝛽−2=5
oo

⇒ 𝛼+ 𝛽=7 ⇒ 𝛼 =7−𝛽
rtb

∴ 𝛼𝛽 = 12
ce
.n

⇒ (7 − 𝛽 )𝛽 = 12 ⇒ 7𝛽 − 𝛽 2 = 12
w

⇒ 𝛽 2 − 7𝛽 + 12 = 0 ⇒ 𝛽 2 − 3𝛽 − 4𝛽 + 12 = 0
w
//w

⇒ 𝛽=4 𝑜𝑟 𝛽=3
s:

∴ 𝛼=3 𝑜𝑟 𝛼=4
tp
ht

Que 4. If the remainder on division of 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒌𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟑𝒙 − 𝟐𝟏 𝒃𝒚 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏 𝒊𝒔 − 𝟐𝟏, find the

quotient and the value of k. Hence, find the zeros of the cubic polynomial 𝒙𝟑 − 𝒌𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟑𝒙.
Sol. Let 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 3 − 𝑘𝑥 2 + 13𝑥 − 21
1 1 3 1 2 1
Then 𝑓 (2) = −21 ⇒ (2) − 𝑘 (2) + 13 (2) − 21 = −21
1 1 13 𝑘 53 53
Or − 𝑘+ − 21 + 21 = 0 𝑜𝑟 = ⇒ 𝑘=
8 4 2 4 8 2

53 2
∴ 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 + 13𝑥 − 21
2
Now, 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 𝑞 (𝑥 )(2𝑥 − 1) − 21

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53 2
⇒ 𝑥3 − 𝑥 + 13𝑥 − 21 = 𝑞(𝑥 )(2𝑥 − 1) − 21
2
53 2
⇒ (𝑥 3 − 𝑥 + 13𝑥) ÷ (2𝑥 − 1) = 𝑞(𝑥)
2

om
.c
ns
io
t
53 2 1 1
lu
𝑖. 𝑒., 𝑥3 − 𝑥 + 13𝑥 = (2𝑥 − 1) ( 𝑥 2 − 13𝑥) = 𝑥(2𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 26)
2 2 2
k so
53 1 1
For zeros, 𝑥3 − 𝑥 2 + 13𝑥 = 0 ⇒ 𝑥(2𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 26) = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = 0, 2 , 26
oo

2 2
rtb

𝟓 𝟓
Que 5. Obtain all other zeros of 𝟑𝒙𝟒 + 𝟔𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟎𝒙 − 𝟓, if two of its zeros are √𝟑 𝒂𝒏𝒅 − √𝟑.
ce
.n

5 5 5 5 5
Sol. Since two zeros are √ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − √ , 𝑠𝑜 (𝑥 − √ ) (𝑥 + √ ) = 𝑥 2 − is a factor of the
w

3 3 3 3 3
w

given polynomial.
//w

5
Now, we divide the given polynomial by (𝑥 2 − 3) to obtain other zeros.
s:
tp
ht

5
So, 3𝑥 4 + 6𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 − 5 = (𝑥 2 − 3) (3𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 3)

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Now, 3𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 3 = 3(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1) = 3(𝑥 + 1)2 = 3(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 1)

So its zeros are -1, - 1.

5 5
Thus, all the zeros of given polynomial are √ , − √ , −1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 1.
3 3

om
Que 6. Given that √𝟐 is a zero of the cubic polynomial space 𝟔𝒙𝟑 + √𝟐𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟎𝒙 − 𝟒√𝟐,
find its other zeros.

.c
ns
Sol. The given polynomial is 𝑓(𝑥) = (6𝑥 3 + √2𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 − 4√2). Since √2 is the zero of

io
𝑓 (𝑥 ), it followa that (𝑥 − √2) is a factor of 𝑓(𝑥).

t
On dividing 𝑓(𝑥) by (𝑥 − √2), we get
lu
kso
oo
rtb
ce
.n
w
w
//w
s:
tp
ht

∴ 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 0 ⇒ (𝑥 − √2)(6𝑥 2 + 7√2𝑥 + 4) = 0 ⇒ (𝑥 − √2)(3√2𝑥 + 4)(√2𝑥 + 1) = 0

𝑥 − √2 = 0, 3√2𝑥 + 4 = 0, √2𝑥 + 1 = 0
2√2 − √2 −2√2 −√2
Hence, 𝑥 = √2, 𝑥 = − ,𝑥 = and all zeros of 𝑓(𝑥 )𝑎𝑟𝑒 √2, , .
3 2 3 2

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HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills)

Que 1. If 𝜶, 𝜷, 𝜸 be Zeros of polynomial 𝟔𝒙𝟑 + 𝟑𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟏, then find the value of

𝜶−𝟏 + 𝜷−𝟏 + 𝜸−𝟏 .
Sol. P (x) = 6x3 + 3x2 – 5x + 1 so a = 6, b = 3, c = – 5, d = 1
∵ 𝛼, 𝛽 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛾 are zeros of the polynomial p (x).
−𝑏 −3 −1
∴ 𝛼+𝛽+𝛾 = = =
𝑎 6 2
𝑐 −5 −𝑑 −1
𝛼𝛽 + 𝛼𝛾 + 𝛽𝛾 = = and 𝛼𝛽𝛾 = =
𝑎 6 𝑎 6
1 1 1 𝛽𝛾+𝛼𝛾+𝛼𝛽 −5/6
Now 𝛼 −1 + 𝛽 −1 + 𝛾 −1 = = = = = = 5
𝛼 𝛽 𝛾 𝛼𝛽𝛾 −1/6

om
Que 2. Find the zeros of the polynomial 𝒇 (𝒙) = 𝒙𝟑 − 𝟏𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝟗𝒙 − 𝟐𝟖, if it is given

.c
that the zeros are in A.P.

ns
tio
Sol. If 𝛼, 𝛽, 𝛾 are in A.P., then,
𝛽−𝑎 = 𝛾−𝛽 ⇒ 2𝛽 = 𝛼 + 𝛾 ….(i)
lu
so

−𝑏 −(−12)
𝛼+𝛽+𝑦= = = 12 ⇒ 𝛼 + 𝛾 = 12 − 𝛽 ….(ii)
k

𝑎 1
oo

From (i) and (ii)

rtb

Putting the value of 𝛽 in (i), we have

ce

8=𝛼+𝛾 ….(iii)
.n
w

𝑑 −(−28)
𝛼𝛽𝛾 = − = = 28
w

𝛼 1
w

7
(𝛼 𝛾) 4 = 28 𝑜𝑟 𝛼 𝛾 = 7 𝑜𝑟 = ….(iv)
//

𝛼
s:
tp

7
Putting the value of 𝛾 = 𝛼 𝑖𝑛 (𝑖𝑖𝑖), we get
ht

7
8=𝛼+𝛼 ⇒ 8𝑎 = 𝛼 2 + 7

⇒ 𝛼 2 − 8𝑎 + 7 = 0 ⇒ 𝛼 2 − 7𝛼 − 1𝛼 + 7 = 0
⇒ 𝛼 (𝛼 − 7) − 1(𝛼 − 7) = 0 ⇒ (𝛼 − 1)(𝑎 − 7) = 0
⇒ 𝛼=1 or 𝛼 = 7

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Que 3. If the polynomial 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟒 − 𝟔𝒙𝟑 + 𝟏𝟔𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝟓𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎 is divided by another

polynomial x2 – 2x + k, the remainder comes out to be x +𝜶. Find k and𝜶.
Sol. By division algorithm, we have Dividend = Divisor × Quotient + Remainder
⇒ Dividend – Remainder = Divisor × Quotient
⇒ Dividend – Remainder is always divisible by the divisor.
When 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥 4 − 6𝑥 3 + 16𝑥 2 − 25𝑥 + 10 is divided by x2 – 2x + k the remainder

om
comes out to be x + a.

.c
∴ 𝑓 (𝑥) − (𝑥 + 𝑎) = 𝑥 4 − 6𝑥 3 + 16𝑥 2 − 25𝑥 + 10 − (𝑥 + 𝑎)

ns
= x4 – 6x3 + 16x2 – 25x + 10 – x – a = x4 – 6x3 + 16x2 – 26x + 10 – a
is exactly divisible by x2 – 2x + k.
tio
Let us now divide 𝑥 4 − 6𝑥 2 + 16𝑥 2 − 26𝑥 + 10 − 𝑎 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 𝑘.
lu
k so
oo
rtb
ce
.n
w
w
//w
s:
tp
ht

For 𝑓 (𝑥 ) − (𝑐 + 𝛼 ) = 𝑥 4 − 6𝑥 3 + 16𝑥 2 − 26𝑥 + 10 − 𝛼 to be exactly divisible by x2 –

2x + k, we must have
(−10 + 2𝑘) 𝑥 + (10 − 𝛼 − 8𝑘 + 𝑘 2 ) = 0 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑥
⇒ −10 + 2𝑘 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 10 − 𝑎 − 8𝑘 + 𝑘 2 = 0
⇒ 𝑘 = 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 10 − 𝑎 − 40 + 25 = 0
⇒ 𝑘 = 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎 = −5.

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Value Based Questions

Que 1. Some people collected money to be donated in some orphanages. A part of the
donation is fixed and remaining depends on the number of children in the orphanage. If
they donated ₹ 9,500 in the orphanage having 50 children and ₹ 13,250 with 75 children,
find the fixed part of the donation and the amount donated for each child. What values
do these people posses?
Sol. Let the fixed donation be ₹ x and amount donated for each child be ₹ y.
Then x + 50y = 9500 …(i)
x + 75y = 13250 …(ii)
Subtracting (i) from (ii), we get
25y = 3750 or y = 150
From (i), x = 9500 – 50y = 9500 – 50 × 150 = 2000

om
∴ Fixed amount donated = ₹ 2,000.

.c
Amount donated for each child = ₹ 150.

ns
Helpfulness, cooperation, happiness, caring.

tio
Que 2. The fraction of people in a society using CNG in their vehicles becomes
𝟗
, if 2 is
lu
𝟏𝟏
so

added to both its numerator and denominator. If 3 is added to both its numerator and
𝟓
k

denominator, it becomes . Find the fraction. What does this fraction show?
oo

𝟔
rtb

𝑥
Sol. Let the fraction be .
𝑦
ce

𝑥+2 9
.n

= ⇒ 11𝑥 − 9𝑦 = −4
𝑦+2 11
w
w

𝑥+3 5
=
w

⇒ 6𝑥 − 5𝑦 = −3
𝑦+3 6
//
s:

Solving for x and y gives x = 7 and y = 9

tp
ht

𝑥 7
∴ 𝐹𝑟𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = =
𝑦 9

More people are becoming aware about scarcity of petrol, so they are switching on to
alternative resources.
Que 3. Reading book in a library has a fixed charge for the first three days and an
additional charge for each day thereafter. Shristi paid ₹ 27 for a book kept for seven
days. While Bunty paid ₹ 21 for the book kept for five days.
(i) Find the fixed charge.
(ii) Find how much additional charge Shristi and Bunty paid.
(iii) Which mathematical concept is used in this problem?
(iv) Which value does it depict?
Sol. Let fix charge for reading book be ₹ x and additional charge for each day be ₹ y.

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Then, x + 4y = 27 …(i)
𝑥+ 2𝑦=21
On subtraction ….(ii)
2𝑦= 6

Y=3
Putting value of y in equation (i) we get
x + 4 × 3 = 27 ⇒ x + 12 = 27 ⇒ x = 15
(i) Fixed charge on the book is ₹ 15.
(ii) Bunty paid additional ₹ 6 and Shristi paid ₹ 12.
(iii) Pair of linear equation in two variables.
(iv) Reading is a good habit.
Que 4. An honest person invested some amount at the rate of 12% simple interest and
some other amount at the rate of 10% simple interest. He received yearly interest of ₹

om
130. But if he had interchanged amount invested, he would have received ₹ 4 more as

.c
interest.

ns
(i) How much amount did he invest at different rates?
(ii) Which mathematical concept is used in this problem?
(iii) Which value is being emphasized here? tio
lu
so

Sol. (i) Let the person invest ₹ x at rate of 12% simple interest and ₹ y at the rate of 10%
k

simple interest. Then,

oo

12𝑥 10𝑦
Yearly interest = +
rtb

100 100
12𝑥 10𝑦
ce

∴ + 100 = 130 ⇒ 12𝑥 + 10𝑦 = 13000 …(i)

100
.n

If the invested amounts are interchanged, then yearly interest increases by ₹ 4.

w
w

10𝑥 12𝑦
+ = 134 ⇒ 10𝑥 + 12𝑦 = 13400 …(ii)
w

100 100
//
s:

Adding eqn. (i) and (ii) we get

tp

22x + 22y = 26400

ht

x + y = 1200 …(iii)
Subtracting (ii) from (i) we get
2x – 2y = – 400
x – y = – 200 …(iv)
Solving (iii) and (iv), we get
x = 500, y = 700
Thus, person invested ₹ 500 at 12% per annum and ₹ 700 at 10% per annum.
(ii) Pair of linear equation in two variables.
(iii) Honesty is the best policy.
Que 5. If the price of petrol is increased by ₹ 2 per litre, a person will have to buy 1 litre
less petrol for ₹ 1740. Find the original price of petrol at that time.
(a) Why do you think the price of petrol is increasing day-by-day?
(b) What should we do to save petrol?

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Sol. Let the original price of the petrol be ₹ x per litre.

1740
Then, amount of petrol that can be purchased = 𝑥

According to question
1740 1740
− = 1 ⇒ 1740 (𝑥 + 2 − 𝑥) = 𝑥 (𝑥 + 2)
𝑥 𝑥+2

⇒ 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 3480 = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 2 + 60𝑥 − 58𝑥 − 3480 = 0

⇒ (𝑥 + 60) (𝑥 − 58) = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = 58, −60 (𝑟𝑒𝑗𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑)
∴ Original cost of petrol was ₹ 58 per litre.
(a) Petrol is a natural resource which is depleting day-by-day. So, due to more
demand and less supply, its price is increasing.
(b) We should use more of public, transport and substitute petrol with CNG or other
renewable resource.

om
Que 6. One fourth of a group of people claim they are creative, twice the square root of
the group claim to be caring and the remaining 15 claim they are optimistic. Find the

.c
total number of people in the group.

ns
(a) How many persons in the group are creative?

tio
(b) According to you, which one of the above three values is more important for
lu
development of a society?
so

Sol. Let x be the total

k
oo

𝑥
Then, number of creative persons =
rtb

4
ce

Number of caring persons = 2√𝑥

and number of optimistic persons = 15
.n
w

𝑥
Thus, total number of persons = 4 + 2√𝑥 + 15
w
w

Now, by hypothesis, we have

//
s:

𝑥
+ 2√𝑥 + 15 = 𝑥 ⇒ 3𝑥 − 8√𝑥 − 60 = 0
tp

4
ht

Let √𝑥 = 𝑦, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 𝑦2
2
⇒ 3𝑦 − 8𝑦 − 60 = 0 ⇒ 3𝑦 2 − 18𝑦 + 10𝑦 − 60 = 0
⇒ 3𝑦(𝑦 − 6) + 10 (𝑦 − 6) = 0 ⇒ (3𝑦 + 10) (𝑦 − 6) = 0
10
⇒ 𝑦 = 6 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = −
3

10 10 2 100
Now, 𝑦= − ⇒ 𝑥 = (− 3 ) = (∵ 𝑥 = 𝑦 2 )
3 9

But, the number of persons cannot be a fraction.

∴ y=6 ⇒ 𝑥 = 62 = 36
Hence, the number of people in the group = 36
(a) 9 persons
(b) All of these values have their own importance. A person having these values will

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certainly contribute to the development of society. However, the level of importance given to
each of them depends upon a person’s own attitude. Hence, any value with justification is
correct. (Do yourself)
Que 7. In the centre of a rectangular plot of land of dimensions 120 m × 100 m, a
rectangular portion is to be covered with trees so that the area of the remaining part of
the plot is 10500 m2. Find the dimensions of the area to be planted. Which social act is
being discussed here? Give its advantages.

om
.c
Sol. Let the width of the unplanted area be x m

ns
Then, dimension of area to be planted = (120 – 2x) and (100 – 2x)
∴ (120 − 2𝑥) (100 − 2𝑥) = 120 × 100 − 10500
⇒ 12000 − 440𝑥 + 4𝑥 2 = 1500 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 2 − 110𝑥 + 2625 = 0tio
lu
so

⇒ (𝑥 − 75) (𝑥 − 35) = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 75,35

k

But x = 75 is not possible

oo

∴ 𝑥 = 35
Thus, dimension of area to be planted = (120 – 70) and (100 – 70) i.e., 50 m and 30 m.
rtb

Afforestation is being discussed here. Planting more trees helps in reducing air pollution and
ce

make the environment clean and green.

.n
w

Que 8. Mr. Ahuja has to square plots of land which he utilises for two different
w

purposes–one for providing free education to the children below the age of 14 years and
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the other to provide free medical services for the needy villagers. The sum of the areas
//

of two square plots is 15425 m2. If the difference of their perimeter is 60 m, find the
s:
tp

sides of the two squares.

ht

Which qualities of Mr. Ahuja are being depicted in the question?

Sol. Let x be the length of the side of first square and y be the length of side of the second
square.
Then, 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 15425 …(i)
Let x be the length of the side of the bigger square.
4x – 4y = 60
⇒ x – y = 15 or x = y + 15 …(ii)
Putting the value of x in terms of y from equation (ii), in equation (i), we get
(𝑦 + 15)2 + 𝑦 2 = 15425 ⇒ 2𝑦 2 + 30𝑦 − 15200 = 0
2
or 𝑦 + 15𝑦 − 7600 = 0 or (𝑦 + 95)(𝑦 − 80) = 0 ⇒ 𝑦 = −95,80
But, sides cannot be negative, so y = 80
Therefore, 𝑥 = 80 + 15 = 95
Hence, sides of two squares are 80 m and 95 m.
Value: Caring, King, Social and generous.

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Que 9. A takes 3 days longer than B to finish a work. But if they work together, then
work is completed in 2 days. How long would each take to do it separately. Can you say
cooperation helps to get more efficiency?
Sol. Let B finish a work in x days
then A finish a work in x + 3 days
According to question
1 1 1 (𝑥+3)+𝑥 1
+ = ⇒ =
𝑥 𝑥+3 2 𝑥(𝑥+3) 2

⇒ 2x + 6 + 2x = x2 + 3x ⇒ x2 + 3x – 2x – 6 – 2x = 0
⇒ x2 – x – 6 = 0
Solving the equation
x2 – (3 – 2) x – 6 = 0 ⇒ x2 – 3x + 2x – 6 = 0
⇒ x (x – 3) + 2(x – 3) = 0 ⇒ (𝑥 − 3) (𝑥 + 2) = 0

om
⇒ 𝑥−3=0 or x+2=0
⇒ x=3 or x = – 2 (Days cannot be negative)

.c
Value: Yes, Cooperation helps in improving work efficiency.

ns
tio
Que 10. In a class of 48 students, the number of regular students is more than the
number of irregular students. Had two irregular students been regular, the product of
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so
the number of two types of students would be 380. Find the number of each type of
students.
k
oo

(a) Why is regularity essential in life?

(b) Write values other than regularity that a student must possess.
rtb
ce

Sol. Let the number of regular students be x

Then, the number of irregular students = 48 – x
.n

According to the question,

w

(x + 2) (48 – x – 2) = 380
w

⇒ −𝑥 2 + 44𝑥 + 92 − 380 = 0 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 2 − 44𝑥 + 288 = 0

// w

⇒ (x – 36) (x – 8) = 0 or x = 36, 8
s:

But x > 48 – x (given)

tp

∴ x = 36
ht

i.e., The number of regular students = 36

and the number of irregular students = 48 – 36 = 12
(a) Regularity in any sphere gives confidence which, in turn, leads to the development of an
individual and the society as well.
(b) Honesty, Creativity, Confidence, Punctuality. (you may add more to this list)
Que 11. In a school, students decided to plant trees in and around the school to reduce
air pollution. It was decided that the number of trees, that each section of each class will
plant, will be double of the class in which they are studying. If there are 1 to 12 classes
in the school and each class has two sections, find how many trees were planted by the
students. Which value is shown in this question?
Sol. Number of plants planted by class 1 = 2 (class 1 × 2 sections) = 2 × 1 × 2 = 4 trees
Similarly, number of plants planted by class 2 = 2 (class 2 x 2 sections)
= 2 × 2 × 2 = 8 trees

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We now know, a = 4 and d = 4

Number of classes n = 12
Total number of plants planted = Sum of AP = S 12
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = 2 [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 ]
12
𝑆12 = [2 × 4 + (12 − 1)4]
2

𝑆 12 = 6[8 + 44] = 6 × 52 = 312 𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑠

Values shown by the students:
(i) Envrionmental friendly
(ii) Social awareness
(iii) Sense of responsibility towards the society.
Que 12. A sum of ₹ 3150 is to be used to give six cash prizes to students of a school for

om
overall academic performance, punctuality, regularity, cleanliness, confidence and
creativity. If each prize is ₹ 50 less than its preceding prize, find the value of each of the

.c
prizes.

ns
(a) Which value according to you should be awarded with the maximum amount?
Justify your answer.
tio
lu
(b) Can you add more values to the above ones which should be awarded?
so

Sol. Let the six prizes (1st, 2nd, 3rd …..6th) be a, a – 50, a – 100, a – 150, a – 200, a – 250
k
oo

respectively
Then a + (a – 50) + (a – 100) + (a – 150) + (a – 200) + (a – 250) = 3150
rtb

3900
ce

⇒ 6𝑎 − 750 = 3150 𝑜𝑟 𝑎 = = 650

6
.n

∴ The value of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd …..6th Prizes are 650, 600, 550, 500, 450, 400 respectively.
w

(a) Any value with justification is correct.

w
w

(b) Many more can be added like, honesty, good habits, friendship, respectively elders, loving
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youngers,….. etc.
s:
tp

Que 13. A person donates money to a trust working for education of children and
ht

women in some village. If the person donates ₹ 5,000 in the first year and his donation
increases by ₹ 250 every year, find the amount donated by him in the eighth year and
the total amount donated in eight years.
(a) Which mathematical concept is being used here?
(b) Write any two values the person mentioned here possess.
(c) Why do you think education of women is necessary for the development of a society?
Sol. The amount donated by the person each year forms an AP.
Here, a = 5,000, d = 250
We have to find a8 and S8
𝑎8 = 𝑎 + 7𝑑 = 5,000 + 7 × 250 = ₹ 6,750
8
𝑆8 = 2 [2𝑎 + 7𝑑 ] = 4(2 × 5,000 + 7 × 250) = 4 × 11,750 = ₹ 47,000

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(a) Arithmetic progression.

(b) Socially aware and responsible citizen.
(c) Educating a woman means educating the whole family and an educated family makes
development in society.
Que 14. A passenger, while boarding the plane, slipped from the stairs and got hurt.
The pilot took the passenger in the emergency clinic at the airport for treatment. Due to
this, the plane got delayed by half an hour. To reach the destination 1500 km away in
time, so that the passengers could catch the connecting flight, the speed of the plane was
increased by 250 km/h than the usual speed. Find the usual speed of the plane. What
value is depicted in this question?
Sol. Let the usual speed of plane be x km/h.

om
1500 1500 1
∴ − =

.c
𝑥 𝑥+250 2

ns
⇒ [1500(𝑥 + 250) − 1500𝑥] 2 = 𝑥 (𝑥 + 250)
⇒ 𝑥 2 + 250𝑥 − 750000 = 0
tio
lu
⇒ (𝑥 + 1000)(𝑥 − 750) = 0 ⇒ 𝑥 = 750 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = − 1000 (Which is neglected)
so

∴ Using speed of plane = 750 km/h

k

Values: Helping others

oo

Que 15. Reshma wanted to save at least ₹ 6,500 for sending her daughter to school next
rtb

year (after 12 months). She saved ₹ 450 in the first month and raised her savings by ₹ 20
ce

every next month. How much will she be able to save in next 12 months? Will she be
.n

able to send her daughter to the school next year?

w

What value is reflected in this question?

w

a = ₹ 450, d = ₹ 20, n = 12
w

Sol. Here
//

𝑛
s:

𝑆𝑛 = 2 [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 ]
tp

12
ht

𝑆12 = [2 × 450 + 11 × 20] = 6[1120] = 6720 > 6500

2

∴ Reshma will be able to send her daughter to school

Value: Encouraging efforts for girl education.

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