IMAGES OF LIFE 1

Answer Key
Possible answer(s):
1. I usually take selfies, and photos of my friends
and the places we visit.
2. A photograph gives an accurate portrayal of a
scene. It shows details, colors, and expressions
on people’s faces and their actions.

1A THE VISUAL VILLAGE

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. 1. document; 2. amateur; 3. photojournalist
B. b
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. d (Para D); 2. a (Para E); 3. c; 4. b; 5. d
B. 1. e; 2. a; 3. c; 4. d; 5. b
Reading Skill
A. 1. a; 2. a; 3. b; 4. b; 5. a; 6. b
B. 1. a; 2. a; 3. a; 4. b
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): Pros: Filters can show a more
dramatic image to evoke a stronger reaction.
Cons: Filters can show a false reality. Your
opinion: I think photojournalists should be allowed
to use filters to an extent. I think dramatic images
should be fact checked, or there should be some
type of system in place where photographers are
held accountable for fake images.
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. dramatic; 2. embrace; 3. instantly;
4. obsessed; 5. controversial
B. 1. b; 2. a; 3. a; 4. b; 5. a; 6. b
C. 1. athletic, genetic; 2. democratic; 3. dramatic

1B MY JOURNEY IN PHOTOGRAPHS

Answer Key
Before You Read

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

A. 1. a; 2. c; 3. b; 4. e; 5. d
B. Possible answer(s): It is difficult to get the
“right” photo so you’d have to be very
patient and work odd hours. You might have
to endure long journeys to find subjects to
photograph.
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. b; 2. c (Para B); 3. a (Para C); 4. c (Para H);
5. d (Para J)
B. 1. b; 2. a; 3. a; 4. b; 5. b; 6. b
Reading Skill
A. 1. a; 2. c; 3. c; 4. b; 5. c
B. 1. a camera; 2. two years; 3. director of
photography; 4. Bermuda; 5. She wanted
her pictures to make a real difference in
people’s lives.
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): I think this means that
women are an integral part of society. They are
just as important as men. Without them, life
couldn’t exist.
Possible answer(s): Women take care of many
things inside and outside of the home. They
are smart and innovative. Women bear children
and take care of them. They also have big ideas
and are determined to improve their lives and
their family’s.
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. project; 2. enrich; 3. portrait; 4. turns out;
5. thus
B. 1. overcome; 2. expectation; 3. sincere;
4. tuition; 5. teamwork; 6. enrich
C. Possible answer(s): hence, consequently,
for this reason, therefore, so.

VIDEO A PHOTOGRAPHER’S LIFE

Answer Key
Before You Watch
A. Possible answer(s): 1. I think Griffiths likes
to take photos of people around the world
enjoying their everyday lives. 2. I think
Griffiths wants to show people’s unique lives,
but also show that people all over the world

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

are similar.
B. 1. different; 2. people; 3. listen;
4. connections; 5. opportunity; 6. better
While You Watch
A. See answers in Before You Watch B.
B. 1. a; 2. b; 3. b; 4. a
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): world history
Possible answer(s): I was inspired to study
archeology when I learned about the
ancient world.

NATURAL ATTRACTION 2

Answer Key
Possible answer(s):
1. chameleons, poison dart frogs, blue morpho
butterfly, scarlet macaw, toucan, lionfish,
mandrill
2. The characteristics can help the animals
survive through camouflage, or by scaring
predators away.

2A LIVING LIGHT

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. Possible answer(s): fireflies, jellyfish, squid,
some types of worms
B. Possible answer(s): for protection, to find prey,
to attract a mate
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. b (Para A); 2. c; 3. c; 4. b; 5. d (Para G)
B. 1. NG; 2. T; 3. F (shrimp eat dinoflagellates);
4. F (the canoe movement causes dinoflagellates
to light up); 5. NG
Reading Skill
A. 1. mate; 2. upper; 3. bellies; 4. startle;
5. escape; 6. predator; 7. dinoflagellates
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): I think puffin beaks might
glow in the dark to attract prey. / I think puffins

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

beaks glow to attract a mate in the breeding
season. / I think the parent puffins have glowing
beaks to direct the young chicks to the food in
their beaks.
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. astonishing; 2. flash; 3. predators;
4. disturbed
B. 1. down; 2. can; 3. high; 4. affects a result;
5. warmer; 6. cannot
C. 1. descend; 2. ascend; 3. crescendo;
4. transcend

2B FEATHERS OF LOVE

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. It is very colorful, with interesting patterns. It
also has a very funny-looking tail!
B. a, b, d
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. b; 2. c; 3. a (Para K); 4. c (Para K); 5. d
B. 1. b; 2. a; 3. a; 4. b; 5. b
Reading Skill
A. 1. P, M; 2. S; 3. M, P; 4. S; 5. P, M
B. 1. as black as the night sky; 2. some even
have a dimmer switch; 3. it would be like
trying to swim through syrup; 4. looking like
meteors; 5. the water is part of the sky, and
you are paddling through the stars
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): The writer is emphasizing
1. how dark the lower layers of the ocean
are; 2. how the creatures can adjust the
brightness of their light; 3. how difficult it is
for dinoflagellates to swim quickly; 4. how
beautiful the streak of light from the fish is;
5. that the dark sea looks like the night sky
above, and the bioluminescent creatures in the
water look like stars in the sky
Possible answer(s): as wise as an owl, as bright
as a lightbulb, like a whirlwind of energy, as
fast as a lightning bolt
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. ritual; 2. prominent; 3. bounces; 4. absurd

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

B. 1. breed; 2. commence; 3. undergo; 4. harsh;
5. noble; 6. evolution
C. 1. stability; 2. reliable; 3. hostile; 4. mobility

VIDEO JELLYFISH

Answer Key
Before You Watch
A. 1. d; 2. c; 3. b; 4. a
While You Watch
A. a, c, e
B. 1. sea jellies; 2. polyp; 3. venomous; 4. water;
5. evaporate; 6. beaches
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): I think bioluminescence
can help jellyfish attract prey. Since jellyfish are
mostly transparent, I don’t think they would
need to use light as a form of camouflage.

FOOD AND HEALTH 3

Answer Key
Possible answer(s):
1. food that isn’t cleaned or prepared properly;
foods that are high in fat and sugar
2. by finding ways to grow crops in more diverse
areas; by teaching more people to farm their
land; by genetically modifying more crops to
be disease-resistant

3A HOW SAFE IS OUR FOOD?

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. 1. sanitary; 2. bacteria; 3. immune systems;
4. foodborne
B. Possible answer(s): Food and water
contaminated with bad bacteria such as
E.coli and salmonella cause food poisoning.
To avoid this, we can wash all fruit and
vegetables, cook food enough to kill bacteria,
and keep food preparation areas clean.

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

Reading Comprehension
A. 1. c; 2. d; 3. a (Para F); 4. a (Para H); 5. b (Para I)
B. 1. NG; 2. T; 3. T; 4. F (the mangoes were
washed in contaminated water); 5. T
Reading Skill
A. I forgot about the appointment; 2. The
medicine in our cabinet was old; 3. I had a
stomachache; 4. new health guidelines;
5. improper hand washing
B. 1. c (Para C); 2. e (Para D); 3. b (Para G);
4. d (Para H); 5. a (Para I and Para J)
Critical Thinking
fruits and vegetables; chickens
Possible answer(s): employing these methods
might be expensive; farmers need to be
taught about these methods, and there might
be cultural and language barriers that prevent
them from understanding the information.
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. compulsory; 2. integral; 3. nationwide;
4. determined; 5. contaminated; 6. infection
B. 1. a; 2. b; 3. a; 4. b
C. 1. nation; 2. city; 3. world

3B THE BATTLE FOR BIOTECH

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. Possible answer(s): biotech foods might cause
health issues in humans and dangers to the
environment
B. 1. biotech foods appear to be safe or even
safer than conventional varieties; 2. people
have mixed opinions; 3. although there are
skeptics, many scientists think so
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. b; 2. d (Para C); 3. a (Para D); 4. d; 5. a
B. 1. b; 2. d; 3. c
Reading Skill
A. Possible answer(s): Arguments for: good
history, safe for humans, environmental
benefits, increased crops; Arguments
against: unexpected consequences,
environmental risks, unproven benefits

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

B. 1. thousands; 2. higher risk; 3. natural;
4. chemical; 5. unexpected health effects;
6. adequately tested
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): Evidence for: good
history: problems have been few; safe for
humans: potential to improve the quality and
nutritional value, safer than conventional
varieties; environmental benefits: may actually
be good for the land; increased crops: can
help address the urgent problems of food
shortage and hunger; Evidence against:
unexpected consequences: rushed to market,
harmful proteins; environmental risks:
developed too quickly and released before
they’ve been adequately tested; unproven
benefits: the benefits of golden rice have been
exaggerated
Possible answer(s): I eat genetically modified
food in the conventional sense. For example,
I choose the biggest, juiciest tomatoes at
the market, and I know these have been
genetically modified over thousands of years.
But I don’t like the idea of genetically modified
food in which rat genes are inserted into
vegetables, for example, because I don’t feel
the health effects are fully known.
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. modified; 2. revolution; 3. allergic;
4. notwithstanding
B. 1. good; 2. a choice; 3. little; 4. the usual;
5. size; 6. smaller
C. 1. decline; 2. lessen; 3. reduce; 4. fade
VIDEO IS OUR FOOD SAFE?
Answer Key
Before You Watch
A. Possible answer(s): Food can be contaminated
when it’s being grown; for example, if dirty
water is used or if the conditions aren’t
sanitary. Food can also be contaminated when
it’s being prepared if the kitchen isn’t clean
or if the food isn’t heated or stored properly.
Contaminated food can make us vomit or
cause a fever.

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

B. 1. globalization; 2. hard to tell; 3. unreported
While You Watch
A. a, c
B. 1. 128,000; 2. 3,000; 3. 3,000; 4. sprouts;
5. 53; 6. 15
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): 1. 3 (some chemical
pesticides are necessary to rid crops of toxins);
2. 5 (this could hold restaurants more
accountable); 3. 3 (the risks might be similar in
both environments)

DESIGN AND ENGINEERING 4

Answer Key
Possible answer(s):
1. Sydney Opera House, Taj Mahal, Burj Khalifa,
The Guggenheim, the Pompidou Center, The
Gherkin, One World Trade Center, Casa Milà;
the architects might have been inspired by
nature, height, or vastness.
2. a water filter based on rocks, a wind turbine
based on humpback whales, Velcro, a device
for harvesting water based on a beetle

4A DESIGN BY NATURE: BIOMIMETICS

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. 1. draw inspiration; 2. incredibly complex;
3. have the potential; 4. specific purpose
B. 1. a biologist who studied the thorny devil;
2. The thorny devil lizard has the ability to get
water to travel from its foot across its body
and into its mouth to drink. 3. make a device
to help people collect water in the desert
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. b (Para A); 2. c (Para E); 3. a; 4. a (Para G);
5. d
B. 1. d; 2. a; 3. b; 4. c
Reading Skill
A. 1. b; 2. c; 3. a

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

B. 1. B; 2. F; 3. G; 4. H
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): beavers that have waterproof
fur: a type of coat that can keep you dry and
warm in freezing waters.
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. nonetheless; 2. insight; 3. gaps; 4. vertical;
5. gradually
B. 1. b; 2. a; 3. b; 4. b; 5. a
C. 1. importance; 2. absolutely; 3. role

4B WEAVING THE FUTURE

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. 1. Textiles; 2. fiber; 3. Synthetic
B. Possible answer(s): waterproof clothing,
wearable electronics, invisibility uniforms
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. b; 2. c (Para D); 3. a; 4. c; 5. a
B. 1. E; 2. B; 3. K; 4. F; 5. A
Reading Skill
A. 1. A; 2. SU; 3. RF; 4. A; 5. RP
B. 1. active; 2. smart; 3. smart apron; 4. invisible;
5. innovators
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): to monitor your blood sugar
if you have diabetes; to measure calories; to
check your vital signs
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. thereby; 2. suspended; 3. rigid; 4. fantasy
B. 1. portable; 2. fraction; 3. appliance;
4. foresee; 5. forthcoming; 6. manufacturing
C. 1. cast; 2. sight; 3. front

VIDEO ROBOTIC HANDS

Answer Key
Before You Watch
A. 1. d; 2. c; 3. a; 4. b
B. Possible answer(s): This robot looks much
softer. The bristles are curved, which would
cause less damage to marine life.

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

While You Watch
A. a, b
B. 1. T; 2. T; 3. F; 4. F; 5. T
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): a worm can regenerate
when it gets cut in half; a chameleon can
change color to show its mood; a seahorse’s
tail can grasp objects with amazing strength
Possible answer(s): scientists could study how
a seahorse’s tail works to invent a prosthetic
arm for humans

HUMAN JOURNEY 5

Answer Key
Possible answer(s):
1. All humans today can be traced back to
Africa; they migrated in waves throughout the
world over many thousands of years.
2. DNA; archeological evidence such as
bones and man-made items such as tools;
mummified bodies preserved in snow.

5A THE DNA TRAIL

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. 1. Africa; 2. South America; 3. Asia; 4. Europe
B. genetic mutations; archeological evidence;
genetic traces in the DNA of indigenous people
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. c; 2. a; 3. b (Para G); 4. a; 5. d
B. 1. d; 2. c; 3. e; 4. b; 5. a
Reading Skill
A. 1. arrow pointing toward the migration date of
200,000 years ago; 2. arrow pointing toward
the migration date of 70,000–50,000 years
ago; 3. arrow pointing to the migration route
heading toward Australia; 4. arrow pointing
toward Lake Mungo, Australia; 5. arrow
pointing toward the migration date of
20,000–15,000 years ago

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

B. 1. It gives an alternative theory by stating
that Europe might have been settled by an
inland migration from India instead of directly
from the Middle East. 2. The “broad human
prehistoric framework” that Forster refers
to is the same thing as the “basic outlines
of a story of human migration” mentioned
in paragraph K. 3. Possible answer(s):
Genetic traces of the group that made the
13,000-kilometer migration from Africa to
Australia exist in the DNA of indigenous
peoples of Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, and
nearly all Australian aborigines. Archeological
evidence has also been found at Lake Mungo,
Australia, supporting this genetic link.
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): jobs, love, education
Possible answer(s): Positive effects:
people bring money and diversity to the
new economy; Negative effects: the job
market in the new economy becomes more
competitive, and local people have a harder
time finding work
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. roughly; 2. calculate; 3. scattered;
4. immense; 5. bulk; 6. vanished
B. 1. bulk; 2. identical; 3. trace; 4. descendant;
5. rate
C. 1. unemployment; 2. success; 3. steady;
4. alarming

5B FANTASTIC VOYAGE

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. Possible answer(s): 1. They may have been
searching for food. They may have been
adventurers. 2. They might have followed
stars or sea creatures, or seen smoke from
distant lands.
B. Students’ own answers
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. a; 2. b; 3. c (Para H); 4. b (Para H); 5. a
B. 1. T; 2. F (The Lapita sailed as far east as

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

Samoa and Tonga); 3. T; 4. NG; 5. F (They
reached South America by A.D. 1000)
Reading Skill
A. 1. F; 2. F; 3. S; 4. S; 5. S
B. 1. S (It is also possible …); 2. F; 3. S (Scientists
believe …); 4. F
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): Astronauts want to explore
space. Divers want to explore the oceans.
Possible answer(s): No, I don’t think I would
like to join an expedition to another planet.
I think the risks are too high, and there’s
enough to see here on Earth!
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. stretched; 2. intervals; 3. navigated;
4. clues; 5. disrupts
B. 1. is observable; 2. similar; 3. complete;
4. earth and sky; 5. difficult
C. 1. famous; 2. continuous; 3. courageous

VIDEO CAVE ARTISTS

Answer Key
Before You Watch
A. 1. c; 2. d; 3. a; 4. b
B. Possible answer(s): to tell stories; to create art;
for religious purposes
While You Watch
A. a, b, d, f
B. 1. Spain; 2. 40,000; 3. Ice; 4. black;
5. communication
Critical Thinking
Yes, I think it’s worth the time and effort because
it teaches us more about our ancestors. By
learning about them, we can understand more
about ourselves.

MONEY AND TRADE 6

Answer Key
Possible answer(s):
1. I usually pay for things by card. I don’t usually

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

carry cash around.
2. It depends on the amount, but I usually pay
by card. I think it’s more convenient, and
there’s always a paper trail in case you need to
refer to the transaction. I don’t carry a lot of
cash because I don’t want to lose it. It’s easier
to replace a lost credit card.

6A HOW MONEY MADE US MODERN

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. 1. Inflation; 2. Foreign exchange;
3. credit card; 4. bill
B. Possible answer(s): I think people used coins
and objects like shells and bird feathers
in ancient times. They also bartered and
exchanged goods.
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. b; 2. d (Para A); 3. c (Para H); 4. c (Para J);
5. a (Para M)
B. Commodity Money: a, c, e, f;
Fiat Money: b, d, g
Reading Skill
A. 1. Naming; 2. Quoting; 3. Defining;
4. Reporting; 5. Cause-Effect; 6. Condition
B. Naming: In 2009, yet another high-tech
successor to money emerged: Bitcoin.
Defining: Bitcoins are a sort of unofficial
virtual Internet currency. Quoting: Parag
Khanna, a financial policy expert, explains:
“The real future is technology as money. That’s
what Bitcoin is about.”
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): Pros: all transactions can
be traceable; there is less risk of losing money;
Cons: people might run up debt more easily;
there might be more cases of identity theft.
Possible answer(s): I think the types of
transactions to go cashless first will be in
places like busy sandwich shops with a high
volume of customers. Payments made with
cards or phones could speed-up transactions
and reduce queues.

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. payment; 2. convenience; 3. transactions;
4. policy; 5. judged; 6. trigger
B. 1. fairly constant; 2. oil and natural gas;
3. nodding your head; 4. basically
C. 1. strict; 2. insurance; 3. company; 4. public

6B THE RISE OF VIRTUAL MONEY

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. 1. years; 2. trillion; 3. 11
B. Possible answer(s): Virtual currency is a type of
digital currency that is accepted electronically;
it can be very unstable, but it’s easy to make
international money transfers for lower fees
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. c; 2. b; 3. c; 4. c; 5. a
B. 1. T; 2. NG; 3. F (One Satoshi is a fraction of
a Bitcoin.); 4. T; 5. T; 6. NG
Reading Skill
A. 1. bank; 2. electronically; 3. coding;
4. blockchain; 5. 2009; 6. drugs; 7. Silk Road
B. Possible answer(s): What is Bitcoin?: eight
decimal places → smallest is “Satoshi”; users
solve math problems to “mine” → get paid
→ trade mined Bitcoins; What are benefits
of Bitcoin?: speedy transactions, no payment
delays; can make payment without PayPal or
credit card; no need for bank account; What
are the drawbacks?: lack of stability
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): No, I wouldn’t. I would be
too concerned about the fluctuation and stability
of the currency.
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. sophisticated; 2. principles; 3. scarce;
4. verify; 5. drawback
B. 1. in their body; 2. may have; 3. go to jail;
4. own; 5. part of a company
C. 1. principal; 2. principle; 3. principal

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

VIDEO TAKE THE MONEY... AND RUN?

Answer Key
Before You Watch
A. 1. catch; 2. in a flash; 3. innate;
4. no-strings-attached
While You Watch
A. c
B. Possible answer(s): 1. offered people free
money; 2. took the money; 3. booth / cash /
money; 4. took the money very quickly;
5. a giant pair of eyes; 6. Most people did
not take the money.
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): I think I would have
reacted the same way the majority of people
in the video did.
Possible answer(s): Yes, I think so, because
different cultures have different ideas about
community. For example, some cultures expect
to share their wealth more evenly, so the idea
of “free” money might not be so strange.

GROUP BEHAVIOR 7

Answer Key
Possible answer(s):
1. at festivals in my town, birthday parties,
national events, concerts
2. Yes, I think we are kinder to people we meet
in real life. Also, non-verbal communication is
important, and you can’t have eye contact or
get other social cues online.

7A A CROWD IN HARMONY

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. 1. Pilgrims; 2. overcrowded; 3. bathe
B. Possible answer(s): I think people who take
part in this festival feel part of a bigger
community, which has a positive effect on

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

their health and well-being.
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. c; 2. d (Para C); 3. c; 4. a (Para F); 5. d
B. 1. long afterward; 2. shared identity;
3. psychological crowd; 4. station safer
Reading Skill
A. 1. b; 2. c; 3. a; 4. c; 5. c
B. 1. holy / sacred / devout; 2. push, around;
3. breaks down; 4. deter
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): The pilgrims reported a
10 percent improvement in their health; less
pain; less anxiety; higher energy levels.
Possible answer(s): The effects of taking time off
work or school can be very positive. Work and
school are very demanding, and any break from
a stressful situation will improve your health.
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. organized; 2. participants; 3. sacred;
4. prospective
B. 1. moves onward; 2. clear; 3. community;
4. connect; 5. believe; 6. great
C. 1. Participants; 2. occupant(s); 3. servants;
4. descendants

7B OUR ONLINE BEHAVIOR

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. Possible answer(s): 1. Yes, but only on my
friends’ posts. I comment on their photos and
on their opinions. 2. Yes, I’ve seen a lot more
bullying online in the past few years.
B. Possible answer(s): I think the best thing to do
is delete a negative comment on something I
posted. If someone else has posted something
negative, I usually just ignore it.
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. b; 2. c (Para C); 3. b; 4. d; 5. b
B. 1. anonymity; 2. cooperation; 3. neurobiology;
4. online sources; 5. online aggression
Reading Skill
A. Prefix only: unfriend, unlock, Internet;
Suffix only: apelike, successful, bitterness,

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

global; Both prefix and suffix: interaction,
expression, transformation; Neither prefix
nor suffix: solo, argue
B. 1. nat, e; 2. tain, d; 3. equ, a; 4. vis, b;
5. temp, c
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): make your friend aware
that his or her online behavior seems
aggressive; calmly discuss your different views
with your colleague; block the stranger from
having access to your accounts
Possible answer(s): Yes, e.g., a group of
people could all report the stranger to the
social media site and get that person's
account deleted.
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. insulted; 2. harassment; 3. confront;
4. aggressive; 5. humanity
B. 1. a; 2. a; 3. b; 4. b; 5. b
C. 1. financial; 2. coming under;
3. get away from; 4. constant

VIDEO SOCIAL CONFORMITY

Answer Key
Before You Watch
A. 1. b; 2. a; 3. c
B. Possible answer(s): Sometimes when one of
my friends changes her hairstyle, other people
change theirs as well; I noticed that a few of
my co-workers became vegetarians, and soon
many other people followed the trend.
While You Watch
A. b
B. 1. eye doctor; 2. stand up; 3. doesn’t ask;
4. three; 5. continues to conform; 6. shows;
7. conform to the rules of the previous group
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): I think I would have asked
someone why they were standing up. I don’t
think I would have conformed.
I’m surprised that the woman stood up even
after the other people left the room! I can’t
believe that people would conform so quickly

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

and easily.

INVESTIGATIONS 8

Answer Key
Possible answer(s):
1. DNA testing, blood splatter patterns,
fingerprint analysis, crime reports
2. Two girls disappeared in my town about
30 years ago, and the case has never been
solved. They were walking home from school
one afternoon and were never seen again.

8A WHO KILLED THE EMPEROR?

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. 1. present; 2. Cancer; 3. prisoner
B. Possible answer(s): Political Murder?: Was
Napoleon killed by the British and the French
royalists? Poisoned by His Wallpaper?: Did
the wallpaper in his house contain arsenic?
Doctors’ Mistake?: Did the doctor give him
too large a dose of medicine? Disease?: Did
Napoleon have cancer? A Case of Revenge?:
Was he murdered due to his actions?
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. d; 2. a (Para C); 3. c (Para D); 4. b (Paras D
and F); 5. d (Para H)
B. 1. F; 2. S (Para C: In his view); 3. F; 4. S (Para E:
it is likely); 5. S (Para F: Karch theorizes);
6. S (Para H: there were rumors); 7. F
Reading Skill
A. 1. a; 2. a, b; 3. a; 4. a; 5. a, b
B. Possible answer(s): I think Napoleon must
have been murdered, but the circumstances
surrounding the murder are too vague to
be sure. I read that there was arsenic found
in his hair sample, but as we read in other
paragraphs, the arsenic could have come from
the wallpaper or from the seafood he ate. /
Although some of the evidence is speculation,

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

I think Napoleon was accidentally poisoned
by arsenic. It’s a known fact that his wallpaper
contained arsenic.
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): He means that because
people like the stories so much, they would
probably ignore any new facts found in a new
investigation.
Possible answer(s): think; we could possibly
learn more about history if we used modern
techniques to analyze the remains.
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. poisonous; 2. cease; 3. Symptoms;
4. compelling; 5. dispute
B. 1. large and impressive; 2. not clear;
3. in secret; 4. never seems to stop;
5. wronged
C. 1. bitter disputes; 2. A dispute over;
3. in dispute; 4. beyond dispute

8B IN THE CRIME LAB

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. 1. b; 2. c; 3. a
B. b, c, d
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. a; 2. d (Para B); 3. b (Para D); 4. c (Para F);
5. d (Para G)
B. 1. c; 2. b; 3. d; 4. f; 5. a
Reading Skill
A. 1. b; 2. c; 3. d; 4. a; 5. e
B. 1. a; 2. c; 3. c; 4. a; 5. b
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): He did not think they were
good people. He called them controlling,
sneaky, scary, manipulative, and said they
have no conscience, sorrow, or remorse. These
are all very negative traits.
Possible answer(s): I agree with Poklis because
a person who poisons someone has to think
about it for a long time, then plan out how to
do it.
Vocabulary Practice

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

A. 1. candidate; 2. manipulative; 3. alleged;
4. suspicions
B. 1. evaluate; 2. weird; 3. remorse;
4. deprived of; 5. frankly; 6. in terms of
C. 1. legal; 2. allege; 3. legislature

VIDEO BEATING A LIE DETECTOR

Answer Key
Before You Watch
A. 1. baseline; 2. interrogation; 3. spike
B. Possible answer(s): take deep calming breaths,
take blood pressure medication, use mental
imaging tactics to convince themselves that
the lie is true
While You Watch
A. b, c
B. 1. F (you breathe faster); 2. T; 3. F (Aldrich
Ames was super relaxed.); 4. T; 5. F (He failed
the test.)
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): 3
Possible answer(s): Yes, I think so because
there is scientific proof about the way the
results are analyzed.

REDISCOVERING THE PAST 9

Answer Key
Possible answer(s):
1. 3-D imaging, drones, carbon dating, DNA
testing
2. Discoveries from the past teach us about our
ancestors, which helps us understand more
about who we are.

9A VIRTUALLY IMMORTAL

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. Possible answer(s): 1. There is an old historic
building that used to be a stadium. The old

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

post office has been rebuilt. 2. Technology can
be used to simulate how the buildings were
originally built, and help engineers decide how
to best complete restoration work. It can show
images of what is inside sealed tombs without
disturbing the ancient artifacts.
B. Possible answer(s): The building looks like it
could be a temple or a home for an emperor.
Actual answer: It is a well.
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. a; 2. c (Para C); 3. d; 4. a (Para K); 5. b
B. 1. K; 2. G; 3. I; 4. H; 5. E
Reading Skill
A. 1. …it is a well; 2. …the water seeps down;
3. …the most magnificent works of art;
4. …putting on earrings; 5. …leads into the
well itself
B. 1. “Wise men speak because they have
something to say; fools speak because they
have to say something.” 2. “To err is human,
to forgive is divine.” 3. “If you don’t love
something, you’re not going to go the extra
mile, you’re not going to work the extra
weekend, you’re not going to challenge the
status quo as much.”
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): the Taj Mahal; Machu
Picchu; Stonehenge; the statues on Easter
Island; the Pyramids; the Colosseum
Possible answer(s): I think the Taj Mahal,
the Pyramids, and the Colosseum because
the history behind these three buildings is
immense, and the time and cost of human
life that went into building them should never
be lost.
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. firsthand; 2. gazed; 3. stunned;
4. garments; 5. virtual
B. 1. returns to you; 2. after a friend dies;
3. cutting into; 4. put the pieces together;
5. floor to ceiling
C. 1. tour; 2. reality; 3. classroom

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

9B LURE OF THE LOST CITY

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. Possible answer(s): Atlantis is a city rumored to
have existed before it sank into the ocean. No
one knows exactly where it was, or if it was
actually a real place at all. People have been
looking for Atlantis for centuries, and many
theories exist about it today.
B. Possible answer(s): Researchers could use
drones and GPS to try and map out this area.
The main challenges would be overland travel
through the dense jungle and finding clues
they’d need to help guide them to the ancient
city. There would also be wild animals.
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. c; 2. d (Para G); 3. b; 4. a (Para J); 5. c
B. 1. F (The Lost City of the Monkey God is also
known as Ciudad Blanca. La Mosquitia is a
region.); 2. T; 3. NG; 4. T; 5. F (Fisher’s team
didn’t touch or remove anything.)
Reading Skill
A. 1. legend; 2. explorers; 3. rain forest; 4. items;
5. divulge
B. 1. reports; 2. photographs; 3. jungle canopy;
4. laser beams; 5. astonishing
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): No, I don’t think they should
use invasive techniques. For: to learn more
about the history; museums could house the
artifacts and they’d be well preserved; people
could make a lot of money; Against: the
environment would be ruined; the artifacts could
be damaged; technology today can document
the lost city without disturbing the land
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. fascinated; 2. inhabitants; 3. legend;
4. uncover; 5. satellite; 6. extensive
B. 1. side; 2. a forest; 3. plants, trees, and
flowers; 4. triangle
C. 1. folktale; 2. myth; 3. legend

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

VIDEO ARCHEOLOGY FROM SPACE

Answer Key
Before You Watch
A. 1. figure out; 2. pinpoint; 3. subtle;
4. state-of-the-art
While You Watch
A. a, b, c
B. 1. NG; 2. T; 3. F (within a few meters); 4. NG
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): Citizens might be able to
identify and locate sites that aren’t obvious.
They could have a different perspective on
what the images actually show. By identifying
potential sites quickly, this may stop sites
from being looted and help archeologists to
preserve these sites for the future.
Possible answer(s): Yes, I would. I think
satellite imagery is interesting, and I’d like to
help contribute to archeological research in
some small way.

HEALTHY LIVING 10

Answer Key
Possible answer(s):
1. Maybe parts of South America and
Scandinavia countries with easy access to
nature and free or affordable healthcare
2. I think my lifestyle is healthier than that of my
grandparents because of modern advances in
medicine and better nutrition.

10A LIVING LONGER

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. 1. gene; 2. centenarians; 3. diabetes
B. Students’ own answers. Giuseppe Passarino’s
estimate: 25%.
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. a; 2. b (Para D); 3. c; 4. b (Para F);

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

5. d (Para J and Para K)
B. 1. their; 2. Indeed; 3. As
Reading Skill
A. 1. When asked about (the reasons) for
his long life, he said he avoided drinking,
smoking, and women, that he’d eaten mostly
figs and beans while growing up and hardly
ever any red meat; 2. (owing to) a gene that
affects their sense of taste, and this gene
gives them a taste for healthy bitter foods; 3.
(because of) a gene that causes a condition
called Laron syndrome; 4. (because of) a lack
of roads, phones, and electricity; 5. (because)
he knows he is immune to cancer and
diabetes
B. 1. the reasons; 2. owing to; 3. because of;
4. because of; 5. because
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): How often do you exercise?
What do you typically eat each day? What time
do you go to sleep? What time do you wake up?
Do you do group activities?
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. passed down; 2. slight; 3. lifespan;
4. elderly
B. 1. large; 2. have; 3. the same kind; 4. won’t;
5. long; 6. move to a new
C. 1. lifespan; 2. lifestyle; 3. lifelong; 4. lifelike

10B IN SEARCH OF LONGEVITY

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. Possible answer(s): They have low-calorie,
plant-based diets.
B. Students’ own answers
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. c; 2. a; 3. b; 4. c; 5. c
B. 1. a, e; 2. d, g; 3. c, f
Reading Skill
A. 1. family; 2. twice; 3. homegrown; 4. alcohol;
5. 4; 6. Californian; 7. 87; 8. climate;
9. network
B. Quantitative data: Sardinians: 91 of

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

17,865 people born between 1880 and
1900 have lived to 100; rate is more than
twice as high as national average; genetics—
80% directly related to first Sardinians;
Adventists: drinking 5 glasses of water a
day and eating 4 servings of nuts each week;
live 4–10 years longer than the average
Californian; Okinawans: average lifespan
of 81 (men) and 87 (women); lower rates of
cancer and heart disease than Americans.
Remaining data is qualitative.
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): I don’t smoke. I exercise
every day, and don’t eat red meat. I have a lot
of good friends, and I see my family regularly.
Possible answer(s): I think it would be hard
for me to grow all my own food, and I like to
have a few glasses of wine every week. I don’t
think I could follow all of the advice here.
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. longevity; 2. lean; 3. barely; 4. guideline;
5. ironic
B. 1. mustn’t; 2. shouldn’t; 3. hardworking;
4. special advantage; 5. free them from
C. 1. sense of; 2. disaster; 3. provide

VIDEO YOU ARE WHAT YOU EAT

Answer Key
Before You Watch
A. 1. c; 2. a; 3. b
B. Possible answer(s): olive oil, red wine, salad,
pasta, nuts, figs, dates
While You Watch
A. c
B. b, c, e, f
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): I would consider living in
Sardinia. I love the Mediterranean climate and
food. I would love a more slow-paced lifestyle
too, where I could have long relaxing meals with
family and friends.

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

GREEN SOLUTIONS 11

Answer Key
Possible answer(s):
1. I think I use more water because I usually take
two showers every day.
2. I think it means that if you use things
sparingly, you’ll never be without them. In
other words, you should conserve what you
have. / I think it means don’t waste anything
because you might need it in the future.

11A SAVING WATER

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. 1. 3; 2. farming; 3. 5,000; 4. the same
amount of
B. Spain, India, and South Africa; water shortages
due to wells being dug; lack of rain; lack of
dams; broken water pipes and poor plumbing
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. c; 2. b; 3. a (Para G); 4. b; 5. b
B. 1. farming; 2. wells; 3. water; 4. dam;
5. raise / replenish; 6. wasted; 7. consumption /
use; 8. dams
Reading Skill
A. 1. Julio Escudero; 2. Neil Macleod;
3. Sandra Postel
B. 1. b; 2. c; 3. b; 4. a; 5. b
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): a firsthand account from
a farmer: Pro: he knows what the problems
are; Con: he’s biased; research from a
scientific journal: Pro: trustworthy research;
Con: not a firsthand account; statistics
from a government department: Pro: well
researched; Con: numbers could be skewed to
suit the government’s agenda; a report from
an environmental organization: Pro: they
probably know the subject well; Con: results
could be biased to fit their agenda.

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. surpass; 2. shortages; 3. crisis; 4. extent;
5. consumption; 6. diverted
B. 1. whereby; 2. related to; 3. inherit;
4. dedication
C. 1. revealed; 2. acknowledge; 3. know

11B TECHNOLOGY AS TRASH

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. Possible answer(s): 1. I usually give it to an
older family member or donate it. 2. They end
up in a landfill somewhere; parts might be
recycled and reused to make new devices.
B. Possible answer(s): too much waste in landfills,
poisons the environment, causes health problems
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. c; 2. b (Para A); 3. d; 4. a; 5. b
B. 1. e; 2. d; 3. f; 4. c; 5. g; 6. a
Reading Skill
A. Positive: attractive, fortunately, ideal,
valuable; Neutral: secretly, typical, ultimately;
Negative: arrogantly, sadly, selfish
B. 1. – (sadly); 2. + (ideal); 3. – (the problem is);
4. – (distressing)
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): I don’t think the writer is
critical of the people in Ghana. I think the writer
blames the people in developed countries for
producing so much e-waste in the first place.
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. infrastructure; 2. piles; 3. discarded;
4. substances; 5. toxic; 6. hazardous
B. 1. problems; 2. changes gradually; 3. told;
4. no longer useful
C. 1. toxic; 2. natural; 3. banned

VIDEO YOUR WATER FOOTPRINT

Answer Key
Before You Watch
A. Possible answer(s): 1. T-shirt, socks,

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

underpants; 2. it is lightweight and easy to
wash; 3. towels, sheets, paper
B. Possible answer(s): Very large amounts
of water and energy are used in the
manufacturing, distribution, and care of
cotton clothing. This has a negative impact on
the environment.
While You Watch
A. See Before You Watch B.
B. 1. 2,700; 2. 900; 3. 5; 4. 40; 5. 1/3
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): The government could insist
on a water ban to help conserve water, and all
families could use rain barrels instead of water
hoses and sprinklers in the short term. In the
longer term, dams and reservoirs could be built.
Individuals could also spend less time in the
shower and only use the washing machine when
there is a full load.

EARTH AND BEYOND 12

Answer Key
Possible answer(s):
1. We can learn more about how Earth was
formed; we might find innovative ways to
conserve our natural resources.
2. There are many interesting news stories
about plans to travel to Mars. I also recently
read an article about a large object that is not
from our solar system traveling quickly past
our Sun.

12A PLANET HUNTERS

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. Possible answer(s): They might want to
find out whether the exoplanets are similar
to Earth. They want to see if there’s any
possibility of alien life.
B. a, b

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

Reading Comprehension
A. 1. c; 2. c (Para B); 3. d; 4. b; 5. a (Para L)
B. 1. F; 2. F; 3. F; 4. S (“may”); 5. F;
6. S (“would almost certainly”)
Reading Skill
A. 1. a; 2. g; 3. c; 4. b; 5. e; 6. d
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): I think it’s important to invest
in space exploration, but only within our own
solar system. We are destroying the environment
on our planet, so humans need to find
alternatives to our current climate crisis. Maybe
we can find ways to inhabit Mars.
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. To date; 2. atmosphere; 3. scope; 4. hence
B. 1. nuclear; 2. around and around; 3. similar to;
4. really; 5. not part; 6. the parts it is made of
C. 1. composed; 2. combine; 3. compared

12B THE THREAT FROM SPACE

Answer Key
Before You Read
A. 1. crater; 2. meteorite; 3. diameter
B. 1. b (Para A); 2. d (Para C); 3. a (Para I);
4. c (Para K)
Reading Comprehension
A. 1. a; 2. c (Para B); 3. b (Para E); 4. b; 5. d (Para I)
B. 1. the Egyptian god of evil; 2. a bruised hip
and wrist; 3. 85 kilometers wide; 4. read
newspapers outdoors; 5. one in 45,000
Reading Skill
A. 1. b; 2. a; 3. a; 4. a
B. 6. bigger than a sports arena;
3. grapefruit-sized; 4. the length of a car;
2. the size of an apple; 1. the size of grains of
sand; 5. as big as a 15-story building
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): Warn the public: Pro: People
could take steps to protect themselves. Con:
If the public knew about it, they might panic
and cause mass panic. Consult experts while
keeping it a secret: Pro: People wouldn’t know
to panic, and hopefully the experts could divert

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019

the course of the asteroid. Con: The government
might not hire the best “experts” to solve the
problem. I think it would be best to keep it secret
and hopefully find a way to change the course of
the asteroid.
Vocabulary Practice
A. 1. Numerous; 2. smashed; 3. scenario;
4. catastrophic; 5. deflected
B. 1. rotates; 2. engage; 3. dilemma; 4. motor;
5. nuclear
C. 1. divided; 2. Dialog; 3. dilemma

VIDEO SHOOTING STARS

Answer Key
Before You Watch
A. Possible answer(s): they happen regularly;
they’re also called shooting stars; they are
pieces of rock; they are brilliant and bright.
B. 1. b; 2. c; 3. a
While You Watch
A. b, c, d
B. 1. T; 2. F (It heats up.); 3. T; 4. NG; 5. T; 6. NG
Critical Thinking
Possible answer(s): 2, 3, 1; I think asteroids
present a real danger to the future of our
planet. If Earth were to be hit with a large
enough asteroid, we would become extinct like
the dinosaurs, so I think it’s the most important
issue to concentrate on.

订购电话：鹿老师 13681594914 高老师 13121102019