Pub 505 - Estimated Tax (2002)

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Publication 505
(Rev. December 2002) Contents
Cat. No. 15008E
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Department
of the
Treasury
Internal
Tax Important Changes for 2002 . . . . . . . . .
Important Changes for 2003 . . . . . . . . .

2
2
Revenue
Service
Withholding Chapter
1. Tax Withholding for 2003 . . . . . . . . 3
and Estimated Salaries and Wages . . . . . . .

Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Taxable Fringe Benefits . . . .
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Tax Sick Pay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Pensions and Annuities . . . . .
Gambling Winnings . . . . . . .
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13
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Unemployment Compensation . . . . . . 14
Federal Payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Backup Withholding . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2. Estimated Tax for 2003 . . . . . . . . . . 16

Who Must Make Estimated Tax
Payments? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
How To Figure Estimated Tax . . . . . . 17
2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet . . . . . 20
When To Pay Estimated Tax . . . . . . . 21
How To Figure Each Payment . . . . . . 22
How To Pay Estimated Tax . . . . . . . . 24
Illustrated Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
2003 Tax Rate Schedules . . . . . . . . . 31
2003 Standard Deduction Tables . . . . 32
3. Credit for Withholding and

Estimated Tax for 2002 . . . . . . . . . . 33
Withholding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Estimated Tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Excess Social Security or
Railroad Retirement Tax
Withholding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
4. Underpayment Penalty for

2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
General Rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Figuring Your Required Annual
Payment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Short Method for Figuring the
Penalty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Regular Method for Figuring
the Penalty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Farmers and Fishermen . . . . . . . . . . 41
Waiver of Penalty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
5. How To Get Tax Help . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Introduction
The federal income tax is a pay-as-you-go tax.
You must pay the tax as you earn or receive
income during the year. There are two ways to
pay as you go.
• Withholding. If you are an employee,
your employer probably withholds income
tax from your pay. Tax may also be with-
held from certain other income — includ-
ing pensions, bonuses, commissions, and
gambling winnings. In each case, the
amount withheld is paid to the Internal $150,000 ($75,000 if married filing a separate either a full-time student or not able to
Revenue Service (IRS) in your name. return), you must have deposited the smaller of care for himself or herself increases. This
90% of your expected tax for 2002 or 112% of amount increases to $250 a month if there
• Estimated tax. If you do not pay your tax
the tax shown on your 2001 return to avoid an is one qualifying individual and $500 a
through withholding, or do not pay enough
estimated tax penalty. month if there are two or more qualifying
tax that way, you might have to pay esti-
mated tax. People who are in business for individuals.
themselves generally will have to pay their
tax this way. You may have to pay esti- Tax benefits for adoption. Beginning in
mated tax if you receive income such as Important Changes 2003, the adoption credit and the exclusion from
dividends, interest, capital gains, rents, income of benefits under an adoption assistance
and royalties. Estimated tax is used to pay for 2003 program for the adoption of a child with special
not only income tax, but self-employment needs is $10,160 regardless of the amount of
tax and alternative minimum tax as well. This section summarizes important changes qualified adoption expenses.
that take affect in 2003 and that could affect your
This publication explains both of these methods. estimated tax payments for 2003. More informa- Retirement savings plans. The following
It also explains how to take credit on your return tion on these and other changes can be found in paragraphs highlight changes that affect individ-
for the tax that was withheld and for your esti- Publication 553. ual retirement arrangements (IRAs) and pen-
mated tax payments. sion plans. For more information, see
Standard mileage rates. For tax years begin- Publication 590, Individual Retirement Arrange-
If you did not pay enough tax during the year
ning in 2003, the standard mileage rate for the ments (IRAs).
either through withholding or by making esti-
cost of operating your car decreases to: Traditional IRA income limits. If you have
mated tax payments, you may have to pay a
penalty. The IRS usually can figure this penalty • 36 cents a mile for all business miles a traditional IRA and are covered by a retirement
for you. This underpayment penalty, and the driven, plan at work, the amount of income you can
exceptions to it, are discussed in chapter 4. have and not be affected by the deduction
• 12 cents a mile for the use of your car for phaseout increases. The amounts vary depend-
Comments and suggestions. We welcome medical reasons, and ing on filing status.
your comments about this publication and your
• 12 cents a mile for the use of your car for Deemed IRAs. For plan years beginning af-
suggestions for future editions.
determining moving expenses. ter 2002, a qualified employer plan (retirement
You can e-mail us while visiting our web site
plan) can maintain a separate account or annu-
at www.irs.gov.
Lifetime learning credit. Beginning in 2003, ity under the plan (a deemed IRA) to receive
You can write to us at the following address:
the amount of qualified tuition and related ex- voluntary employee contributions. An
Internal Revenue Service penses you may take into account in figuring employee’s account can be treated as a tradi-
Tax Forms and Publications your lifetime learning credit increases from tional IRA or a Roth IRA.
W:CAR:MP:FP $5,000 to $10,000. The credit will equal 20% of Limit on elective deferrals.The maximum
1111 Constitution Ave. NW these qualified expenses, with the maximum amount of elective deferrals under a salary re-
Washington, DC 20224 credit being $2,000. duction agreement that can be contributed to a
qualified plan increases to $12,000 ($14,000 If
Estimated tax safe harbor for higher income you are age 50 or over). However, for SIMPLE
We respond to many letters by telephone.
individuals. For estimated tax payments for plans, the amount increases to $8,000 ($9,000 if
Therefore, it would be helpful if you would in-
tax years beginning in 2003, the estimated tax you are age 50 or over).
clude your daytime phone number, including the
safe harbor for higher income individuals (other
area code, in your correspondence. Simplified rules for required minimum
than farmers and fishermen) has been modified.
distributions. There are new rules for determin-
If your 2002 adjusted gross income is more than
ing the amount of a required minimum distribu-
$150,000 ($75,000 if you are married filing a
tion for a year beginning after 2002. The new
separate return for 2003), you must deposit the
Important Changes smaller of 90% of your tax for 2003 or 110% of
rules, including new life expectancy tables, are
in Publication 590.
for 2002 the tax shown on your 2002 return to avoid an
estimated tax penalty. Self-employed health insurance deduction.
You should consider the items in this section You can deduct 100% of your self-employed
Child and dependent care credit. Signifi-
when figuring any underpayment penalty for health insurance premiums as an adjustment to
cant changes to the child and dependent care
2002. Figuring the penalty is discussed in chap- income.
credit take effect in 2003.
ter 4.
• The credit amount can be as much as
Penalty rate. The penalty for underpayment 35% (previously 30%) of your qualifying
of 2002 estimated tax is figured at an annual rate
of 6% for the number of days the underpayment
expenses. Important Reminder
remained unpaid from April 16, 2002, through • The maximum adjusted gross income
December 31, 2002 and 5% from January 1, amount that qualifies for the highest rate Photographs of missing children. The Inter-
2003, through April 15, 2003. increases to $15,000 (previously $10,000). nal Revenue Service is a proud partner with the
National Center for Missing and Exploited Chil-
• The limit on the amount of qualifying ex- dren. Photographs of missing children selected
Estimated tax safe harbor for higher income
penses increases to $3,000 for one quali-
individuals. For installment payments for tax by the Center may appear in this publication on
fying individual and $6,000 for two or more
years beginning in 2002, the estimated tax safe pages that would otherwise be blank. You can
qualifying Individuals.
harbor for higher income individuals (other than help bring these children home by looking at the
farmers and fishermen) has been modified. If • The amount of income that is treated as photographs and calling 1 – 800 – THE – LOST
your adjusted gross income was more than having been earned by a spouse who is (1 – 800 – 843 – 5678) if you recognize a child.
Page 2
is treated as a pension or annuity for other tax Changing your withholding. Events during
purposes. the year may change your marital status or the
exemptions, adjustments, deductions, or credits
1. Household workers. If you are a household you expect to claim on your return. When this
worker, you can ask your employer to withhold happens, you may need to give your employer a
income tax from your pay. A household worker is new Form W – 4 to change your withholding sta-
Tax Withholding an employee who performs household work in a

private home, local college club, or local frater-
tus or number of allowances.
If the event changes your withholding status
nity or sorority chapter. or the number of allowances you are claiming,
for 2003 Tax is withheld only if you want it withheld
and your employer agrees to withhold it. If you
you must give your employer a new Form W – 4
within 10 days after either of the following.
do not have enough income tax withheld, you
may have to make estimated tax payments, as 1) Your divorce, if you have been claiming
Introduction discussed in chapter 2. married status.
This chapter discusses withholding on these 2) Any event that decreases the number of
Farmworkers. Income tax is generally with-
types of income: withholding allowances you can claim.
held from your cash wages for work on a farm
• Salaries and wages, unless your employer both: Events that will decrease the number of with-
• Tips, 1) Pays you cash wages of less than $150
holding allowances you can claim include the
following.
• Taxable fringe benefits, during the year, and
• Sick pay, 2) Has expenditures for agricultural labor to- 1) You have been claiming an allowance for
taling less than $2,500 during the year. your spouse, but you get divorced or your
• Pensions and annuities, spouse begins claiming his or her own al-
If you receive either noncash wages or cash
• Gambling winnings, wages not subject to withholding, you can ask lowance on a separate Form W – 4.
• Unemployment compensation, and your employer to withhold income tax. If your 2) You have been claiming an allowance for
employer does not agree to withhold tax, or if not a dependent, but you no longer expect to
• Federal payments. enough is withheld, you may have to make esti- provide more than half the dependent’s
This chapter explains in detail the rules for with- mated tax payments, as discussed in chapter 2. support for the year.
holding tax from each of these types of income. 3) You have been claiming an allowance for
The discussion of salaries and wages includes Determining Amount your child, but you now find that he or she
an explanation of how to complete a Form W – 4. of Tax Withheld will earn more than $3,000 during the year.
This chapter also covers backup withholding In addition, he or she will be:
The amount of income tax your employer with-
on interest, dividends, and other payments.
holds from your regular pay depends on two a) 24 or older by the end of the year, or
things.
Useful Items b) 19 or older by the end of the year and
You may want to see: 1) The amount you earn. will not qualify as a student.
2) The information you give your employer on 4) You have been claiming allowances for
Publication
Form W – 4. your expected deductions, but you now
❏ 919 How Do I Adjust My Tax find that they will be less than you ex-
Form W – 4 includes three types of informa-
Withholding? pected.
tion that your employer will use to figure your
withholding. Generally, you can submit a new Form W – 4
Form (and Instructions)
whenever you wish to change the number of
❏ W – 4 Employee’s Withholding Allowance 1) Whether to withhold at the single rate or at
your withholding allowances for any other rea-
Certificate the lower married rate.
son.
❏ W – 4P Withholding Certificate for 2) How many withholding allowances you If you change the number of your withholding
Pension or Annuity Payments claim (each allowance reduces the amount allowances, you can request that your employer
withheld). withhold using the cumulative wage method,
❏ W – 4S Request for Federal Income Tax
3) Whether you want an additional amount explained later.
Withholding From Sick Pay
withheld. Changing your withholding for 2004. If
❏ W – 4V Voluntary Withholding Request
If your income is low enough that you will not events in 2003 will decrease the number of your
See chapter 5 of this publication for informa- have to pay income tax for the year, you may be withholding allowances for 2004, you must give
tion about getting these publications and forms. exempt from withholding. This is explained your employer a new Form W – 4 by December
under Exemption From Withholding, later. 1, 2003. If an event occurs in December 2003,
submit a new Form W – 4 within 10 days. Events
Note. You must specify a filing status and a that will decrease the number of your al-
Salaries and Wages number of withholding allowances on Form lowances include the following.
W – 4. You cannot specify only a dollar amount
Income tax is withheld from the pay of most of withholding. • You claimed allowances for 2003 based
employees. Your pay includes your regular pay, on child care expenses, moving expenses,
bonuses, commissions, and vacation al- New job. When you start a new job, you must or large medical expenses, but you will not
lowances. It also includes reimbursements and fill out a Form W – 4 and give it to your employer. have these expenses in 2004.
other expense allowances paid under a nonac- Your employer should have copies of the form. If • You have been claiming an allowance for
countable plan. See Supplemental Wages, you need to change the information, you must fill your spouse, but he or she died in 2003.
later, for more information about reimburse- out a new form.
ments and allowances paid under an accounta- If you work only part of the year (for example,
ble plan. you start working after the beginning of the Note. Because you can still file a joint return
year), too much tax may be withheld. You may for 2003, your spouse’s death will not affect the
Military retirees. Military retirement pay is be able to avoid overwithholding if your em- number of your withholding allowances until
treated in the same manner as regular pay for ployer agrees to use the part-year method, ex- 2004. You will also have to change from married
income tax withholding purposes, even though it plained later. to single status for 2004, unless you can file as a
Chapter 1 Tax Withholding for 2003 Page 3

qualifying widow or widower because you have Completing Form W–4 Withholding Allowances
a dependent child, or you remarry.
and Worksheets (Line 5 of Form W –4)
You must file a new Form W – 4 showing
single status by December 1 of the last year you The more allowances you claim on Form W – 4,
The discussion that follows explains in detail
are eligible to file as qualifying widow or wid- the less income tax your employer will withhold.
how to fill out Form W – 4. It has more detailed You will have the most tax withheld if you claim
ower.
information about some topics than the Form “0” allowances. The number of allowances you
W – 4 instructions. can claim depends on the following factors.
Part-year method. If you work only part of the
In reading this discussion, you may find it
year and your employer agrees to use the
helpful to refer to the filled-in Form W – 4 in
• How many exemptions you can take on
part-year withholding method, less tax will be your tax return.
withheld from each wage payment than would Example 1.3, later in this chapter.
be withheld if you worked all year. To be eligible • Whether you have income from more than
for the part-year method, you must meet both one job.
the following requirements. Marital Status • What deductions, adjustments to income,
(Line 3 of Form W –4) and credits you expect to have for the
1) You must use the calendar year (the 12
year.
months from January 1 through December There is a lower withholding rate for people who
31) as your tax year. You cannot use a can claim married status on line 3 of Form W-4. • Whether you will file as head of house-
fiscal year. Everyone else must have tax withheld at the hold.
2) You must not expect to be employed higher single rate. (Also, see Getting the Right If you are married, it also depends on whether
for more than 245 days during the year. Amount of Tax Withheld, later.) your spouse also works and claims any al-
To figure this limit, count all calendar days You must claim single status if either of the lowances on his or her own Form W – 4.
that you are employed (including week- following applies.
ends, vacations, and sick days) beginning Form W – 4 worksheets. Form W – 4 has
the first day you are on the job for pay and worksheets to help you figure how many with-
1) You are single. If you are divorced, or holding allowances you can claim. The work-
ending your last day of work. If you are
temporarily laid off for 30 days or less, separated from your spouse under a court sheets are for your own records. Do not give
count those days too. If you are laid off for decree of separate maintenance, you are them to your employer.
more than 30 days, do not count those considered single.
Complete only one set of Form W – 4 work-
days. You will not meet this requirement if 2) You are married, but either you or your sheets, no matter how many jobs you have. If
you begin working before May 1 and ex- you are married and will file a joint return, com-
spouse is neither a citizen nor a resi-
pect to work for the rest of the year. plete only one set of worksheets for you and
dent of the United States. However, if
one of you is a citizen or a resident, you your spouse, even if you both earn wages and
How to apply for the part-year method. must each give a Form W – 4 to your employers.
You must ask in writing that your employer use can choose to have the other treated as a
Complete separate sets of worksheets only if
this method. The request must state all three of resident. You can then file a joint return
you and your spouse will file separate returns.
the following. and claim married status on your Form
W – 4. See Nonresident Spouse Treated as If you are not exempt from withholding (see
1) The date of your last day of work for any a Resident in chapter 1 of Publication 519, Exemption From Withholding, later), complete
prior employer during the current calendar the Personal Allowances Worksheet on page 1
U.S. Tax Guide for Aliens, for more infor-
year. of the form. You should also use the worksheets
mation.
2) That you do not expect to be employed on page 2 of the form to adjust the number of
You can claim married status if either of the your withholding allowances for itemized deduc-
more than 245 days during the current cal-
endar year. following applies. tions and adjustments to income, and for
two-earner or two-job situations. If you want to
3) That you use the calendar year as your tax 1) You are married and neither you nor adjust the number of your withholding al-
year. lowances for certain tax credits, use the Deduc-
your spouse is a nonresident alien. You
tions and Adjustments Worksheet on page 2 of
are considered married for the whole year
Form W – 4, even if you do not have any deduc-
Cumulative wage method. If you change the even if your spouse died during the year. tions or adjustments.
number of your withholding allowances during 2) You expect to be able to file your return Complete all worksheets that apply to your
the year, too much or too little tax may have as a qualifying widow or widower. You situation. The worksheets will help you figure the
been withheld for the period before you made usually can use this filing status if your maximum number of withholding allowances
the change. You may be able to compensate for
spouse died within the previous 2 years you are entitled to claim so that the amount of
this if your employer agrees to use the cumula-
and you provide a home for your depen- income tax withheld from your wages will match,
tive wage withholding method for the rest of the
dent child. However, you must file a new as closely as possible, the amount of income tax
year. You must ask in writing that your employer
Form W – 4 showing your filing status as you will owe at the end of the year.
use this method.
To be eligible, you must have been paid for single by December 1 of the last year you Two jobs. If you have income from two jobs
the same kind of payroll period (weekly, bi- are eligible to file as a qualifying widow or at the same time, complete only one set of Form
weekly, etc.) since the beginning of the year. widower. For more information, see Quali- W – 4 worksheets. Then split your allowances
fying Widow(er) With Dependent Child between the Forms W – 4 for each job. You can-
under Filing Status in Publication 501, Ex- not claim the same allowances with more than
Checking your withholding. After you have
emptions, Standard Deduction, and Filing one employer at the same time. You can claim
given your employer a Form W – 4, you can
Information. all your allowances with one employer and none
check to see whether the amount of tax withheld
with the other, or divide them any other way.
from your pay is too little or too much. See Some married people find that they do not
Getting the Right Amount of Tax Withheld, later. Married individuals. If both you and your
have enough tax withheld at the married rate.
If too much or too little tax is being withheld, you spouse are employed and expect to file a joint
This can happen, for example, when both
should give your employer a new Form W – 4 to return, figure your withholding allowances using
spouses work. To avoid this, you can claim mar- your combined income, adjustments, deduc-
change your withholding.
ried, but withhold at higher single rate (even tions, exemptions, and credits. Use only one set
Note. You cannot give your employer a pay- if you qualify for the married rate). Also, you can of worksheets. You can divide your total al-
ment to cover withholding for past pay periods or fill out the Two-Earner/Two-Job Worksheet, ex- lowances any way, but you cannot claim an
a payment for estimated tax. plained later. allowance that your spouse also claims.
Page 4 Chapter 1 Tax Withholding for 2003

If you and your spouse expect to file sepa- Phaseout. For 2003, your deduction for who is not able to care for himself or herself so
rate returns, figure your allowances separately personal exemptions is phased out if your ad- that you can work or look for work. For more
based on your own individual income, adjust- justed gross income (AGI) falls within the follow- information, get Publication 503, Child and De-
ments, deductions, exemptions, and credits. ing brackets. pendent Care Expenses.
Instead of using line F, you can choose to
Alternative method of figuring withholding Table 1.1 take the credit into account on line 5 of the
allowances. You do not have to use the Form Deductions and Adjustments Worksheet, as ex-
W-4 worksheets if you use a more accurate Single . . . . . . . . . . . . . $139,500 – $262,000 plained later under Tax credits.
method of figuring the number of withholding Married filing jointly or
qualifying widow(er) . . . $209,250 – $331,750
allowances. Child tax credit (worksheet line G). If your
Married filing separately . . $104,625 – $165,875
The method you use must be based on with- Head of household . . . . . $174,400 – $296,900 total income will be between $15,000 and
holding schedules, the tax rate schedules, and $42,000 ($20,000 and $65,000 if married), enter
the 2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet in chapter 2. If you expect your AGI to be more than “1” on line G for each eligible child. Enter 1
It must take into account only the items of in- the highest amount in the above additional if you have three to five eligible chil-
come, adjustments to income, deductions, and bracket for your filing status, enter “0” dren or 2 additional if you have six or more
tax credits that are taken into account on Form on lines A, C, and D. If your AGI will fall within eligible children. If your total income will be be-
W – 4. the bracket, use the following worksheet to fig- tween $42,000 and $80,000 ($65,000 and
You can use the number of withholding al- ure the total allowances for those lines. $115,000 if married), enter “1” on line G if you
lowances determined under an alternative have one or two eligible children, enter “2” if you
method rather than the number determined us- Worksheet 1.1 have three eligible children, enter “3” if you have
ing the Form W – 4 worksheets. You must still four eligible children, or enter “4” if you have five
give your employer a Form W – 4 claiming your 1. Enter your expected AGI . . . . . . . . or more eligible children.
withholding allowances. 2. Enter: An eligible child is any child:
$139,500 if single
$209,250 if married filing jointly • For whom you claim an exemption,
Employees who are not citizens or residents.
If you are neither a citizen nor a resident of the
or qualifying widow(er) • Who will be under age 17 at the end of
$104,625 if married filing separately
United States, you usually can claim only one 2003,
$174,400 if head of household . . .
withholding allowance. This rule does not apply 3. Subtract line 2 from line 1 . . . . . . . . • Who is your son, daughter, stepchild,
if you are a resident of Canada or Mexico, or if 4. Divide the amount on line 3 by grandchild, adopted child, or foster child,
you are a U.S. national. It also does not apply if $125,000 ($62,500 if married filing and
your spouse is a U.S. citizen or resident and you separately). Enter the result as a
have chosen to be treated as a resident of the decimal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • Who is a U.S. citizen or resident alien.
United States. Special rules apply to residents of 5. Enter the number of allowances on
Korea, Japan, and India. For more information, lines A, C, and D of the Personal For more information about the child tax
Allowances Worksheet without regard credit, see the instructions in your Form 1040 or
see Withholding From Compensation in chapter
to the phaseout rule . . . . . . . . . . .
8 of Publication 519. Form 1040A tax package.
6. Multiply line 4 by line 5. If the result is
not a whole number, increase it to the Instead of using line G, you can choose to
next higher whole number . . . . . . . take the credit into account on line 5 of the
Personal Allowances Worksheet 7. Subtract line 6 from line 5. This is the Deductions and Adjustments Worksheet, as ex-
maximum number you should enter plained later under Tax credits.
Use the Personal Allowances Worksheet on on lines A, C, and D of the Personal
page 1 of Form W – 4 to figure your withholding Allowances Worksheet . . . . . . . . . Total personal allowances (worksheet line H)
allowances for all of the following that apply. Add lines A through G and enter the total on line
Only one job (worksheet line B). You can H. If you do not use either of the worksheets on
• Exemptions.
claim an additional withholding allowance if any the back of Form W – 4, enter the number from
• Only one job. of the following apply. line H on line 5 of Form W – 4.
• Head of household status. • You are single, and you have only one job
at a time.
• Child and dependent care credit. Deductions and
• You are married, you have only one job at Adjustments Worksheet
• Child tax credit.
a time, and your spouse does not work.
Fill out this worksheet to adjust the number of
Exemptions (worksheet lines A, C, and D).
• Your wages from a second job or your your withholding allowances for deductions, ad-
spouse’s wages (or the total of both) are justments to income, and tax credits. Use the
You can claim one withholding allowance for
$1,000 or less. amount of each item you can reasonably expect
each exemption you expect to claim on your tax
return. If you qualify for this allowance, enter “1” on line to show on your return. However, do not use
B of the worksheet. more than:
Self. You can claim an allowance for your
exemption on line A unless another person can 1) The amount shown for that item on your
Head of household (worksheet line E). You
claim an exemption for you on his or her tax 2002 return (or your 2001 return if you
can file as head of household if you are unmar-
return. If another person is entitled to claim an have not yet filed your 2002 return), plus
ried and pay more than half the cost of keeping
exemption for you, you cannot claim an allow-
up a home for yourself and your dependent or 2) Any additional amount related to a trans-
ance for your exemption even if the other person
other qualifying individual. For more information, action or occurrence (such as the signing
will not claim your exemption or the exemption
see Head of Household under Filing Status in of an agreement or the sale of property)
will be reduced or eliminated under the
Publication 501. that you can prove has happened or will
phaseout rule.
If you expect to file as head of household on happen during 2002 or 2003.
Spouse. You can claim an allowance for your 2003 tax return, enter “1” on line E of the
Do not include any amount shown on your last
your spouse’s exemption on line C unless your worksheet.
tax return that has been disallowed by the IRS.
spouse is claiming his or her own exemption or
Child and dependent care credit (worksheet
another person can claim an exemption for your
line F). Enter “1” on line F if you expect to Example 1.1. On June 30, 2002, you
spouse. Do not claim this allowance if you and
claim a credit for at least $1,500 of qualifying bought your first home. On your 2002 tax return
your spouse expect to file separate returns.
child or dependent care expenses on your 2003 you claimed itemized deductions of $6,600, the
Dependents. You can claim one allowance return. Generally, qualifying expenses are those total mortgage interest and real estate tax you
on line D for each exemption you will claim for a you pay for the care of your dependent who is paid during the 6 months you owned your home.
dependent on your tax return. under age 13 or for your spouse or dependent Based on your mortgage payment schedule and

your real estate tax assessment, you can rea- Reduction of itemized deductions. care credit (line F of the Personal Allowances
sonably expect to claim deductions of $13,200 For 2003, your total itemized deduc- Worksheet) and the child tax credit (line G). But
for those items on your 2003 return. You can use tions may be reduced if your adjusted you can take these credits and others into ac-
$13,200 to figure the number of your withholding gross income (AGI) is more than $139,500 count by adding an extra amount on line 5 of the
allowances for itemized deductions. ($69,750 if married filing separately). If you ex- Deductions and Adjustments Worksheet.
pect your AGI to be more than that amount, use
Not itemizing deductions. If you expect to If you take the child and dependent care
claim the standard deduction on your tax return, the following worksheet to figure the amount to
credit into account on line 5, do not use line F of
skip lines 1 and 2, and enter “0” on line 3 of the enter on line 1 of the Deductions and Adjust-
the Personal Allowances Worksheet. If you take
worksheet. ments Worksheet.
the child tax credit into account on line 5, do not
Itemized deductions (worksheet line 1). Worksheet 1.2 use line G.
You can take the following deductions into ac- In addition to the child and dependent care
count when figuring additional withholding al- 1. Enter the estimated total of your credit and child tax credit, you can take into
lowances for 2003. You normally claim these itemized deductions . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Enter the amount included in line 1 account the following credits.
deductions on Schedule A of Form 1040.
for medical and dental expenses,
investment interest, casualty or theft • Credit for the elderly or the disabled. See
1) Medical and dental expenses that are
losses, and gambling losses . . . . . Publication 524, Credit for the Elderly or
more than 7.5% of your 2003 adjusted
3. Subtract line 2 from line 1 . . . . . . . the Disabled.
gross income (defined later).
Note. If the amount on line 3 is zero,
2) State and local income taxes and property stop here and enter the amount from • Mortgage interest credit. See Mortgage In-
taxes. line 1 of this worksheet on line 1 of terest Credit in Publication 530, Tax Infor-
the Deductions and Adjustments mation for First-Time Homeowners.
3) Deductible home mortgage interest. Worksheet.
• Foreign tax credit, except any credit that
4) Investment interest up to net investment 4. Multiply the amount on line 3 by .80 applies to wages not subject to U.S. in-
income. 5. Enter your expected AGI . . . . . . .
6. Enter $139,500 ($69,750 if married
come tax withholding because they are
5) Charitable contributions. filing separately) . . . . . . . . . . . . . subject to income tax withholding by a for-
7. Subtract line 6 from line 5 . . . . . . . eign country. See Publication 514, Foreign
6) Casualty and theft losses that are more 8. Multiply the amount on line 7 by .03 Tax Credit for Individuals.
than 10% of your adjusted gross income. 9. Enter the smaller of line 4 or line 8
10. Subtract line 9 from line 1. Enter the • Qualified electric vehicle credit. See the
7) Fully deductible miscellaneous itemized
result here and on line 1 of the instructions for Form 8834, Qualified Elec-
deductions, including:
Deductions and Adjustments tric Vehicle Credit.
Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
a) Impairment-related work expenses of • Credit for prior year minimum tax if you
persons with disabilities, paid alternative minimum tax in an earlier
b) Federal estate tax on income in respect Adjustments to income (worksheet line 4). year. See the instructions for Form 8801,
of a decedent, You can take the following adjustments to in- Credit for Prior Year Minimum Tax — Indi-
come into account when figuring additional with- viduals, Estates, and Trusts.
c) Repayment of more than $3,000 of in- holding a l l o w a n c e s f o r 2 0 0 3 . T h e s e
come held under a claim of right (that adjustments appear on page 1 of your Form • Earned income credit, unless you re-
you included in income in an earlier 1040 or 1040A. quested advance payment of the credit.
year because at the time you thought See Publication 596, Earned Income
you had an unrestricted right to it), • Contributions to a traditional IRA. Credit.
d) Unrecovered investments in an annuity • Contributions to a retirement plan for • Adoption credit. See Publication 968, Tax
contract under which payments have self-employed individuals (Keogh plan or Benefits for Adoption.
ceased because of the annuitant’s self-employed SEP or SIMPLE plan).
death, • General business credit. See Form 3800,
• Contributions to a medical savings ac- General Business Credit.
e) Gambling losses (up to the amount of count.
gambling winnings reported on your re- • Retirement savings contribution credit.
• Educator expenses.
turn), and • Hope credit. See Publication 970, Tax
f) Casualty and theft losses from • Tuition and fees deduction. Benefits for Education.
income-producing property. • Student loan interest deduction. • Lifetime learning credit. See Publication
8) Other miscellaneous itemized deductions • Deduction for one-half of self-employment 970, Tax Benefits for Education.
that are more than 2% of your adjusted tax.
To figure the amount to add on line 5 for tax
gross income, including: • Deduction for self-employed health insur- credits, multiply your estimated total credits by
ance. the appropriate number from the following ta-
a) Unreimbursed employee business ex-
penses, such as educational expenses, • Penalty on early withdrawal of savings. bles.
work clothes and uniforms, union dues • Alimony payments. Table 1.2
and fees, and the cost of work-related
small tools and supplies, • Certain moving expenses.
Credit Table A
b) Safe deposit box rental, • Net losses from Schedules C, D, E, and F Married Filing Jointly
of Form 1040 and from Part II of Form or Qualifying Widow(er)
c) Tax counsel and assistance, and
4797, line 18b(2).
d) Fees paid to an IRA custodian. If combined Multiply
• Net operating loss carryovers. estimated credits
wages are: by:
Adjusted gross income for purposes of the Enter your estimated total adjustments to in-
worksheet is your estimated total income for come on line 4 of the worksheet.
$0 to 29,000 10.0
2003 minus any estimated adjustments to in- 29,001 to 65,000 6.7
come (discussed later) that you include on line 4 Tax credits (worksheet line 5). Although you 65,001 to 132,000 3.7
of the worksheet. can take most tax credits into account when 132,001 to 192,000 3.3
Enter your estimated total itemized deduc- figuring withholding allowances, the Form W – 4 192,001 to 329,000 2.9
tions on line 1 of the worksheet. worksheets use only the child and dependent over 329,000 2.6

Credit Table B Two-Earner/Two-Job Worksheet they enter $7,950 on line 2. They subtract
Single $7,950 from $11,300 and enter the result,
You should complete this worksheet if you have $3,350, on line 3.
If estimated Multiply more than one job or are married and you and The Greens expect to have an adjustment to
wages are: credits your spouse both work and the combined earn- income of $3,000 for their deductible IRA contri-
by: ings from all jobs are more than $35,000. butions. They do not expect to have any other
$0 to 14,000 10.0 If you use this worksheet and your adjustments to income. They enter $3,000 on
14,001 to 36,000
36,001 to 77,000
6.7
3.7
! earnings are more than $125,000 line 4.
The Greens add line 3 and line 4 and enter
CAUTION
($175,000 if you are married), see Pub-
77,001 to 151,000 3.3 lication 919 to check that you are having enough the total, $6,350, on line 5.
151,001 to 320,000 2.9 tax withheld. Joyce and John expect to receive $600 in
over 320,000 2.6 interest and dividend income during the year.
Credit Table C Reducing your allowances (worksheet lines They enter $600 on line 6 and subtract line 6
Head of Household 1 – 3). On line 1 of the worksheet, enter the from line 5. They enter the result, $5,750, on line
number from line H of the Personal Allowances 7. They divide line 7 by $3,000, and drop the
If estimated Multiply Worksheet (or line 10 of the Deductions and fraction to determine one additional allowance.
wages are: credits They enter “1” on line 8.
Adjustments Worksheet, if used). Using Table 1
by: The Greens enter “7” (the number from line H
on the Form W – 4, find the number listed beside
the amount of your estimated wages for the year of the Personal Allowances Worksheet) on line 9
$0 to 23,000 10.0 and add it to line 8. They enter “8” on line 10.
23,001 to 51,000 6.7 from your lowest paying job (or if lower, your
51,001 to 111,000 3.7 spouse’s job). Enter that number on line 2.
Two-Earner/Two-Job Worksheet. The
111,001 to 172,000 3.3 Subtract line 2 from line 1 and enter the
Greens use this worksheet because they both
172,001 to 325,000 2.9 result (but not less than zero) on line 3 and on
over 325,000 2.6 work and together earn over $35,000. They
Form W – 4, line 5. If line 1 is more than or equal
enter “8” (the number from line 10 of the Deduc-
Credit Table D to line 2, do not use the rest of the worksheet (or
tions and Adjustments Worksheet) on line 1.
Married Filing Separately skip to line 8 if you expect to owe amounts other
than income tax). Next, they use Table 1 on the Form W – 4 to
If line 1 is less than line 2, you should com- find the number to enter on line 2 of the work-
If estimated Multiply
wages are: credits plete lines 4 through 9 of the worksheet to figure sheet. Because they will file a joint return and
by: the additional withholding needed to avoid un- their expected wages from their lowest paying
derwithholding. job are $13,300, they enter “2” on line 2. They
$0 to 13,000 10.0 subtract line 2 from line 1 and enter “6” on line 3
13,001 to 31,000 6.7 Other amounts owed. If you expect to owe of the worksheet and on Form W – 4, line 5.
31,001 to 64,000 3.7 amounts other than income tax, such as John and Joyce Green can take a total of 6
64,001 to 94,000 3.3 self-employment tax, include them on line 8. The withholding allowances between them. They de-
94,001 to 163,000 2.9 total is the additional withholding needed for the cide that John will take all 6 allowances on his
over 163,000 2.6 year. Form W – 4. Joyce, therefore, cannot claim any
allowances on hers. She will enter “0” on line 5
Example 1.2. You are married and expect of the Form W – 4 she gives to her employer.
to file a joint return for 2003. Your combined Example 1.3
estimated wages are $68,000. Your estimated
Joyce Green works in a bookstore and expects
Getting the Right Amount
tax credits include a child and dependent care
to earn about $13,300. Her husband, John, of Tax Withheld
credit of $960 and a mortgage interest credit of
works full time at the Acme Corporation, where
$1,700. In most situations, the tax withheld from your
his expected pay is $48,500. They file a joint
In Credit Table A, the number for your com- pay will be close to the tax you figure on your
income tax return and claim exemptions for their
bined estimated wages ($65,001 to $132,000) is return if you follow these two rules.
two children. Because they file jointly, they use
3.7. Multiply your total estimated tax credits of only one set of Form W – 4 worksheets to figure 1) You accurately complete all the Form
$2,660 by 3.7. Add the result, $9,842, to the the number of withholding allowances. The W – 4 worksheets that apply to you.
amount you would otherwise show on line 5 of Greens’ worksheets and John’s W – 4 are shown
the Deductions and Adjustments Worksheet on the next page. 2) You give your employer a new Form W – 4
and enter the total on line 5. Because you when changes occur.
Personal Allowances Worksheet. On this
choose to account for your child and dependent But because the worksheets and withholding
worksheet, John and Joyce claim allowances for
care credit this way, you do not use line F of the methods do not account for all possible situa-
themselves and their children by entering “1” on
Personal Allowances Worksheet. tions, you may not be getting the right amount
line A, “1” on line C, and “2” on line D. Because
both John and Joyce will receive wages of more withheld. This is most likely to happen in the
Nonwage income (worksheet line 6). Enter than $1,000, they are not entitled to the addi- following situations.
on line 6 your estimated total nonwage income tional withholding allowance on line B. The • You are married and both you and your
(other than tax-exempt income). Nonwage in- Greens expect to have child and dependent spouse work.
come includes interest, dividends, net rental in- care expenses of $2,400. They enter “1” on line
come, unemployment compensation, alimony F of the worksheet. Because they are married, • You have more than one job at a time.
received, gambling winnings, prizes and their total income will be between $20,000 and • You have nonwage income, such as inter-
awards, hobby income, capital gains, royalties, $65,000 and they have two eligible children, est, dividends, alimony, unemployment
and partnership income. they enter “2” on line G. compensation, or self-employment in-
If line 6 is more than line 5, you may not have They enter their total personal allowances, 7, come.
on line H.
enough income tax withheld from your wages. • You will owe additional amounts with your
See Getting the Right Amount of Tax Withheld, Deductions and Adjustments Worksheet. return, such as self-employment tax.
later. Because they plan to itemize deductions and
claim adjustments to income, the Greens use
• Your withholding is based on obsolete
Net deductions and adjustments (worksheet Form W – 4 information for a substantial
this worksheet to see whether they are entitled
line 7). If line 7 is less than $3,000 enter “0” on part of the year.
to additional allowances.
line 8. If line 7 is $3,000 or more, divide it by The Greens’ estimated itemized deductions • Your earnings are more than $125,000 if
$3,000, drop any fraction, and enter the result on total $11,300, which they enter on line 1 of the you are single or $175,000 if you are mar-
line 8. worksheet. Because they will file a joint return, ried.

deductions, certain credits, adjustments to Form 1040-ES, Estimated Tax for Individuals.
Form W-4 (2003) income, or two-earner/two-job situations. Com-
plete all worksheets that apply. However, you
Otherwise, you may owe additional tax.
Two earners/two jobs. If you have a working
Purpose. Complete Form W-4 so that your may claim fewer (or zero) allowances. spouse or more than one job, figure the total
employer can withhold the correct Federal Head of household. Generally, you may claim number of allowances you are entitled to claim
income tax from your pay. Because your tax sit- head of household filing status on your tax on all jobs using worksheets from only one Form
uation may change, you may want to refigure return only if you are unmarried and pay more W-4. Your withholding usually will be most accu-
your withholding each year. than 50% of the costs of keeping up a home for rate when all allowances are claimed on the
Exemption from withholding. If you are yourself and your dependent(s) or other qualify- Form W-4 for the highest paying job and zero
exempt, complete only lines 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 and ing individuals. See line E below. allowances are claimed on the others.
sign the form to validate it. Your exemption for Tax credits. You can take projected tax credits
2003 expires February 16, 2004. See Pub. 505, Nonresident alien. If you are a nonresident
into account in figuring your allowable number of alien, see the Instructions for Form 8233 before
Tax Withholding and Estimated Tax. withholding allowances. Credits for child or completing this Form W-4.
Note: You cannot claim exemption from with- dependent care expenses and the child tax
holding if: (a) your income exceeds $750 and Check your withholding. After your Form W-4
credit may be claimed using the Personal takes effect, use Pub. 919 to see how the dollar
includes more than $250 of unearned income Allowances Worksheet below. See Pub. 919,
(e.g., interest and dividends) and (b) another amount you are having withheld compares to
How Do I Adjust My Tax Withholding? for infor- your projected total tax for 2003. See Pub. 919,
person can claim you as a dependent on their mation on converting your other credits into
tax return. especially if your earnings exceed $125,000
withholding allowances. (Single) or $175,000 (Married).
Basic instructions. If you are not exempt, com- Nonwage income. If you have a large amount of
plete the Personal Allowances Worksheet Recent name change? If your name on line 1
nonwage income, such as interest or dividends, differs from that shown on your social security
below. The worksheets on page 2 adjust your consider making estimated tax payments using
withholding allowances based on itemized card, call 1-800-772-1213 for a new social secu-
rity card.
Personal Allowances Worksheet (Keep for your records.) Example 1.3
A Enter “1” for yourself if no one else can claim you as a dependent A 1
兵其
● You are single and have only one job; or
B Enter “1” if: ● You are married, have only one job, and your spouse does not work; or B
● Your wages from a second job or your spouse’s wages (or the total of both) are $1,000 or less.
C Enter “1” for your spouse. But, you may choose to enter “-0-” if you are married and have either a working spouse or
more than one job. (Entering “-0-” may help you avoid having too little tax withheld.) C 1
D Enter number of dependents (other than your spouse or yourself) you will claim on your tax return D 2
E Enter “1” if you will file as head of household on your tax return (see conditions under Head of household above) E
F Enter “1” if you have at least $1,500 of child or dependent care expenses for which you plan to claim a credit F 1
(Note: Do not include child support payments. See Pub. 503, Child and Dependent Care Expenses, for details.)
G Child Tax Credit (including additional child tax credit):
● If your total income will be between $15,000 and $42,000 ($20,000 and $65,000 if married), enter “1” for each eligible child plus 1 additional
if you have three to five eligible children or 2 additional if you have six or more eligible children.
● If your total income will be between $42,000 and $80,000 ($65,000 and $115,000 if married), enter “1” if you have one or two eligible children,
“2” if you have three eligible children, “3” if you have four eligible children, or “4” if you have five or more eligible children. G 2
䊳 7
兵
H Add lines A through G and enter total here. Note: This may be different from the number of exemptions you claim on your tax return. H
● If you plan to itemize or claim adjustments to income and want to reduce your withholding, see the Deductions
For accuracy, and Adjustments Worksheet on page 2.
complete all ● If you have more than one job or are married and you and your spouse both work and the combined earnings
worksheets from all jobs exceed $35,000, see the Two-Earner/Two-Job Worksheet on page 2 to avoid having too little tax
that apply. withheld.
● If neither of the above situations applies, stop here and enter the number from line H on line 5 of Form W-4 below.
Cut here and give Form W-4 to your employer. Keep the top part for your records.
Form W-4 Employee’s Withholding Allowance Certificate OMB No. 1545-0010
Department of the Treasury

Internal Revenue Service 䊳 For Privacy Act and Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see page 2. 2003
1 Type or print your first name and middle initial Last name 2 Your social security number
John M. Green 444 00 4444
Home address (number and street or rural route)
3 Single Married Married, but withhold at higher Single rate.
28 Fairway Note: If married, but legally separated, or spouse is a nonresident alien, check the “Single” box.
City or town, state, and ZIP code 4 If your last name differs from that shown on your social security
Anytown, State 00000 card, check here. You must call 1-800-772-1213 for a new card. 䊳
5 Total number of allowances you are claiming (from line H above or from the applicable worksheet on page 2) 5 6
6 Additional amount, if any, you want withheld from each paycheck 6 $
7 I claim exemption from withholding for 2003, and I certify that I meet both of the following conditions for exemption:
● Last year I had a right to a refund of all Federal income tax withheld because I had no tax liability and
● This year I expect a refund of all Federal income tax withheld because I expect to have no tax liability.
If you meet both conditions, write “Exempt” here 䊳 7
Under penalties of perjury, I certify that I am entitled to the number of withholding allowances claimed on this certificate, or I am entitled to claim exempt status.
Employee’s signature
(Form is not valid
unless you sign it.) 䊳 John M. Green Date 䊳 January 4, 2003
8 Employer’s name and address (Employer: Complete lines 8 and 10 only if sending to the IRS.) 9 Office code 10 Employer identification number
(optional)
Cat. No. 10220Q

Form W-4 (2003) Page 2

Deductions and Adjustments Worksheet
Note: Use this worksheet only if you plan to itemize deductions, claim certain credits, or claim adjustments to income on your 2003 tax return.
1 Enter an estimate of your 2003 itemized deductions. These include qualifying home mortgage interest,
charitable contributions, state and local taxes, medical expenses in excess of 7.5% of your income, and
miscellaneous deductions. (For 2003, you may have to reduce your itemized deductions if your income
is over $139,500 ($69,750 if married filing separately). See Worksheet 3 in Pub. 919 for details.) 1 $ 11,300
兵其
$7,950 if married filing jointly or qualifying widow(er)
$7,000 if head of household 2 $ 7,950
2 Enter:
$4,750 if single
$3,975 if married filing separately
3 Subtract line 2 from line 1. If line 2 is greater than line 1, enter “-0-” 3 $ 3,350
4 Enter an estimate of your 2003 adjustments to income, including alimony, deductible IRA contributions, and student loan interest 4 $ 3,000
5 Add lines 3 and 4 and enter the total. Include any amount for credits from Worksheet 7 in Pub. 919 5 $ 6,350
6 Enter an estimate of your 2003 nonwage income (such as dividends or interest) 6 $ 600
7 Subtract line 6 from line 5. Enter the result, but not less than “-0-” 7 $ 5,750
8 Divide the amount on line 7 by $3,000 and enter the result here. Drop any fraction 8 1
9 Enter the number from the Personal Allowances Worksheet, line H, page 1 9 7
10 Add lines 8 and 9 and enter the total here. If you plan to use the Two-Earner/Two-Job Worksheet, also
enter this total on line 1 below. Otherwise, stop here and enter this total on Form W-4, line 5, page 1 10 8
Two-Earner/Two-Job Worksheet
Note: Use this worksheet only if the instructions under line H on page 1 direct you here.
1 Enter the number from line H, page 1 (or from line 10 above if you used the Deductions and Adjustments Worksheet) 1 8
2 Find the number in Table 1 below that applies to the lowest paying job and enter it here 2 2
3 If line 1 is more than or equal to line 2, subtract line 2 from line 1. Enter the result here (if zero, enter
“-0-”) and on Form W-4, line 5, page 1. Do not use the rest of this worksheet 3 6
Note: If line 1 is less than line 2, enter “-0-” on Form W-4, line 5, page 1. Complete lines 4–9 below to
calculate the additional withholding amount necessary to avoid a year-end tax bill.
4 Enter the number from line 2 of this worksheet 4
5 Enter the number from line 1 of this worksheet 5
6 Subtract line 5 from line 4 6
7 Find the amount in Table 2 below that applies to the highest paying job and enter it here 7 $
8 Multiply line 7 by line 6 and enter the result here. This is the additional annual withholding needed 8 $
9 Divide line 8 by the number of pay periods remaining in 2003. For example, divide by 26 if you are paid
every two weeks and you complete this form in December 2002. Enter the result here and on Form W-4,
line 6, page 1. This is the additional amount to be withheld from each paycheck 9 $
Table 1: Two-Earner/Two-Job Worksheet
Married Filing Jointly All Others
If wages from LOWEST Enter on If wages from LOWEST Enter on If wages from LOWEST Enter on If wages from LOWEST Enter on
paying job are— line 2 above paying job are— line 2 above paying job are— line 2 above paying job are— line 2 above
$0 - $4,000 0 44,001 - 50,000 8 $0 - $6,000 0 75,001 - 100,000 8
4,001 - 9,000 1 50,001 - 60,000 9 6,001 - 11,000 1 100,001 - 110,000 9
9,001 - 15,000 2 60,001 - 70,000 10 11,001 - 18,000 2 110,001 and over 10
15,001 - 20,000 3 70,001 - 90,000 11 18,001 - 25,000 3
20,001 - 25,000 4 90,001 - 100,000 12 25,001 - 29,000 4
25,001 - 33,000 5 100,001 - 115,000 13 29,001 - 40,000 5
33,001 - 38,000 6 115,001 - 125,000 14 40,001 - 55,000 6
38,001 - 44,000 7 125,001 and over 15 55,001 - 75,000 7
Table 2: Two-Earner/Two-Job Worksheet

Married Filing Jointly All Others
If wages from HIGHEST Enter on If wages from HIGHEST Enter on
paying job are— line 7 above paying job are— line 7 above
$0 - $50,000 $450 $0 - $30,000 $450
50,001 - 100,000 800 30,001 - 70,000 800
100,001 - 150,000 900 70,001 - 140,000 900
150,001 - 270,000 1,050 140,001 - 300,000 1,050
270,001 and over 1,200 300,001 and over 1,200
Privacy Act and Paperwork Reduction Act Notice. We ask for the information on control number. Books or records relating to a form or its instructions must be
this form to carry out the Internal Revenue laws of the United States. The Internal retained as long as their contents may become material in the administration of any
Revenue Code requires this information under sections 3402(f)(2)(A) and 6109 and Internal Revenue law. Generally, tax returns and return information are confidential,
their regulations. Failure to provide a properly completed form will result in your as required by Code section 6103.
being treated as a single person who claims no withholding allowances; The time needed to complete this form will vary depending on individual
providing fraudulent information may also subject you to penalties. Routine uses circumstances. The estimated average time is: Recordkeeping, 46 min.; Learning
of this information include giving it to the Department of Justice for civil and criminal about the law or the form, 13 min.; Preparing the form, 59 min. If you have
litigation, to cities, states, and the District of Columbia for use in administering their comments concerning the accuracy of these time estimates or suggestions for
tax laws, and using it in the National Directory of New Hires. We may also disclose making this form simpler, we would be happy to hear from you. You can write to the
this information to Federal and state agencies to enforce Federal nontax criminal Tax Forms Committee, Western Area Distribution Center, Rancho Cordova, CA
laws and to combat terrorism. 95743-0001. Do not send the tax form to this address. Instead, give it to your
You are not required to provide the information requested on a form that is employer.
subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act unless the form displays a valid OMB

To make sure you are getting the right amount maximum number of allowances you can claim. Example 1.5. The facts are the same as in
of tax withheld, get Publication 919. It will help The IRS also may ask you to fill out a new Form Example 1.4, except that you have a savings
you compare the total tax to be withheld during W – 4. However, your employer cannot figure account and expect to have $320 interest in-
the year with the tax you can expect to figure on your withholding on the basis of more al- come during the year. Using Figure A, you find
your return. It also will help you determine how lowances than the maximum number deter- that you cannot claim exemption from withhold-
much, if any, additional withholding is needed mined by the IRS. ing because your unearned income will be more
each payday to avoid owing tax when you file If you believe you are exempt or can claim than $250 and your total income will be more
your return. If you do not have enough tax with- more withholding allowances than determined than $750.
held, you may have to make estimated tax pay- by the IRS, you can complete a new Form W – 4, You may have to file a tax return, even
ments. See chapter 2 for information about stating on the form, or in a written statement, any
estimated tax. circumstances that have changed or any other ! if you are exempt from withholding.
CAUTION
See Publication 501, Exemptions,
reasons for your claim. You can send it directly Standard Deduction, and Filing Information, to
Rules Your Employer to the IRS or give it to your employer to send to see whether you must file a return.
the IRS. Your employer must continue to figure
Must Follow your withholding on the basis of the number of Age 65 or older or blind. If you are 65
It may be helpful for you to know some of the allowances previously determined by the IRS or older or blind, use one of the follow-
withholding rules your employer must follow. until the IRS advises your employer to withhold ing worksheets to help you decide
These rules can affect how to fill out your Form on the basis of the new Form W – 4. whether you can claim exemption from withhold-
W – 4 and how to handle problems that may There is a penalty for supplying false infor- ing. Do not use either worksheet if you will item-
arise. mation on Form W – 4. See Penalties, later. ize deductions or claim exemptions for
New Form W – 4. When you start a new job, dependents or claim tax credits on your 2003
Social security (FICA) tax. Generally, each return — instead, see Itemizing deductions or
your employer should give you a Form W – 4 to employer for whom you work during the tax year
fill out. Your employer will use the information claiming exemptions or credits, following the
must withhold social security tax up to the an- worksheets.
you give on the form to figure your withholding nual limit.
beginning with your first payday.
Worksheet 1.3
If you later fill out a new Form W – 4, your
employer can put it into effect as soon as possi-
Exemption From Withholding Exemption From Withholding Worksheet
for 65 or Older or Blind
ble. The deadline for putting it into effect is the If you claim exemption from withholding, your
start of the first payroll period ending 30 or more employer will not withhold federal income tax Use this worksheet only if, for 2002, you had a right to a
days after you turn it in. refund of all federal income tax withheld because you had
from your wages. The exemption applies only to no tax liability.
No Form W – 4. If you do not give your em- income tax, not to social security or Medicare Caution. This worksheet does not apply if you can be
ployer a completed Form W – 4, your employer tax. claimed as a dependent. See Worksheet 1.4 instead.
must withhold at the highest rate — as if you You can claim exemption from withholding 1. Check the boxes below that apply to you.
were single and claimed no allowances. for 2003 only if both the following situations
apply. 65 or older Blind
Repaying withheld tax. If you find you are ❏ ❏
having too much tax withheld because you did 1) For 2002 you had a right to a refund of all 2. Check the boxes below that apply to your
not claim all the withholding allowances you are federal income tax withheld because you spouse if you will claim your spouse’s exemption
entitled to, you should give your employer a new had no tax liability. on your 2003 return.
Form W – 4. Your employer cannot repay any of
2) For 2003 you expect a refund of all federal 65 or older Blind
the tax previously withheld. ❏ ❏
However, if your employer has withheld income tax withheld because you expect
more than the correct amount of tax for the Form to have no tax liability. 3. Add the number of boxes you
W – 4 you have in effect, you do not have to fill checked in 1 and 2 above. Enter
Use Figure A, later in this chapter, to help the result . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
out a new Form W – 4 to have your withholding you decide whether you can claim exemption
lowered to the correct amount. Your employer from withholding. Do not use Figure A if you: You can claim exemption from withholding if:
can repay the amount that was incorrectly with-
held. If you are not repaid, your Form W – 2 will • Are 65 or older, Your filing and the and your 2003
status is: number total income
reflect the full amount actually withheld. • Are blind, on line 3 will be no more
Sending your Form W – 4 to the IRS. Your • Will itemize deductions on your 2003 re- above is: than:
employer will usually keep your Form W – 4 and turn.
use it to figure your withholding. Under normal Single 1 $ 8,950
circumstances, it will not be sent to the IRS. • Will claim an exemption for a dependent 2 10,100
However, your employer must send a copy of on your 2003 return.
your Form W – 4 to the IRS for verification in both • Will claim any tax credits on your 2003 Head of
household
1
2
$11,200
12,350
of the following situations. return.
1) You claim more than 10 withholding al- These situations are discussed later. Married filing 1 $ 7,975
lowances. separately for 2 8,925
Student. If you are a student, you are not both 2002 3 9,875
2) You claim exemption from withholding and and 2003 4 10,825
automatically exempt. If you work only part time
your wages are expected to usually be
or during the summer, you may qualify for ex-
more than $200 a week. See Exemption Other married 1 $15,000*
emption from withholding.
From Withholding, later. status 2 15,950*
3 16,900*
The IRS may ask you for information show- Example 1.4. You are a high school student
4 17,850*
ing how you figured either the number of al- and expect to earn $2,500 from a summer job. *Include both spouses’ income whether you will file
lowances you claimed or your eligibility for You do not expect to have any other income separately or jointly.
exemption from withholding. If you choose, you during the year, and your parents will be able to
can give this information to your employer to claim an exemption for you on their tax return. Qualifying 1 $11,950
send to the IRS along with your Form W – 4. You worked last summer and had $375 federal widow(er) 2 12,900
If the IRS determines that you cannot take all income tax withheld from your pay. The entire You cannot claim exemption from withholding if your total
income will be more than the amount shown for your
the allowances claimed on your Form W – 4, or $375 was refunded when you filed your 2002 filing status.
that you are not exempt as claimed, it will inform return. Using Figure A, you find that you can
both you and your employer and will specify the claim exemption from withholding.

Worksheet 1.4 Supplemental Wages figuring how much to withhold from your regular
Exemption From Withholding Worksheet pay.
for Dependents Who Are 65 or Older or Supplemental wages include bonuses, commis-
Blind Reporting tips to your employer. If you re-
sions, overtime pay, and certain sick pay. The
ceive tips of $20 or more in a month while work-
Use this worksheet only if, for 2002, you had a right to a payer can figure withholding on supplemental
ing for any one employer, you must report to
refund of all federal income tax withheld because you had wages using the same method used for your
no tax liability.
your employer the total amount of tips you re-
regular wages. If these payments are identified
ceive on the job during the month. The report is
1. Enter your expected earned income separately from regular wages, your employer
due by the 10th day of the following month.
plus $250 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . or other payer of supplemental wages can with-
If you have more than one job, make a sepa-
2. Minimum amount . . . . . . . . . . . . . $750 hold income tax from these wages at a flat rate rate report to each employer. Report only the
3. Compare lines 1 and 2. Enter the of 27%.
larger amount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tips you received while working for that em-
4. Enter the appropriate amount from ployer, and only if they total $20 or more for the
Expense allowances. Reimbursements or month.
the following table . . . . . . . . . . . . .
other expense allowances paid by your em-
Filing Status Amount ployer under a nonaccountable plan are treated How employer figures amount to withhold.
Single $4,750 as supplemental wages. A nonaccountable plan The tips you report to your employer are counted
Married filing separately 3,975 is a reimbursement arrangement that does not as part of your income for the month you report
5. Compare lines 3 and 4. Enter the require you to account for, or prove, your busi- them. Your employer can figure your withholding
smaller amount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ness expenses to your employer or does not in either of two ways.
6. Enter the appropriate amount from require you to return your employer’s payments
the following table . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1) By withholding at the regular rate on the
that are more than your proven expenses.
sum of your pay plus your reported tips.
Filing Status Amount Reimbursements or other expense al-
Single lowances paid under an accountable plan that 2) By withholding at the regular rate on your
Either 65 or older or blind $1,150 are more than your proven expenses are treated pay plus an amount equal to 27% of your
Both 65 or older and blind 1,150 reported tips.
as paid under a nonaccountable plan if you do
Married filing separately
Either 65 or older or blind 950 not return the excess payments within a reason-
Both 65 or older and blind 1,900 able period of time. Not enough pay to cover taxes. If your regu-
For more information about accountable and lar pay is not enough for your employer to with-
7. Add lines 5 and 6. Enter the result . . . hold all the tax (including social security tax,
8. Enter your total expected income . . . nonaccountable plans, see chapter 6 of Publica-
tion 463, Travel, Entertainment, Gift, and Car Medicare tax, or railroad retirement tax) due on
You can claim exemption from withholding if line 7 Expenses. your pay plus your tips, you can give your em-
is equal to or more than line 8. If line 8 is more ployer money to cover the shortage.
than line 7, you cannot claim exemption from If you do not give your employer money to
withholding. Penalties cover the shortage, your employer will first with-
You may have to pay a penalty of $500 if both of hold as much social security tax, Medicare tax,
the following apply. or railroad retirement tax as possible, up to the
Itemizing deductions or claiming exemp-
proper amount, and then withhold income tax up
tions or credits. If you had no tax liability for to the full amount of your pay. If not enough tax
1) You make statements or claim withholding
2002, and you will either: is withheld, you may have to make estimated tax
allowances on your Form W – 4 that reduce
the amount of tax withheld. payments. When you file your return, you also
1) Itemize deductions, may have to pay any social security tax, Medi-
2) You have no reasonable basis for those care tax, or railroad retirement tax your em-
2) Claim an exemption for a dependent, or
statements or allowances at the time you ployer could not withhold.
3) Claim a tax credit, prepare your Form W – 4.
Tips not reported to your employer. On your
use the 2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet in Form There is also a criminal penalty for willfully tax return, you must report all the tips you re-
1040 – ES (also see chapter 2), to figure your supplying false or fraudulent information on your ceive during the year, even tips you do not report
2003 expected tax liability. You can claim ex- Form W – 4 or for willfully failing to supply infor- to your employer. Make sure you are having
emption from withholding only if your total ex- mation that would increase the amount withheld. enough tax withheld, or are paying estimated
pected tax liability (line 13c of the worksheet) is The penalty upon conviction can be either a fine tax, to cover all your tip income.
of up to $1,000 or imprisonment for up to one
zero. Allocated tips. If you work in a large estab-
year, or both.
These penalties will apply if you deliberately lishment that serves food or beverages to cus-
Claiming exemption from withholding. To and knowingly falsify your Form W – 4 in an tomers, your employer may have to report an
claim exemption, you must give your employer a attempt to reduce or eliminate the proper with- allocated amount of tips on your Form W – 2.
Form W – 4. Print “Exempt” on line 7. holding of taxes. A simple error — an honest Your employer should not withhold income
mistake — will not result in one of these penal- tax, social security tax, Medicare tax, or railroad
Your employer must send the IRS a copy of retirement tax on the allocated amount. With-
ties. For example, a person who has tried to
your Form W – 4 if you claim exemption from holding is based only on your pay plus your
figure the number of withholding allowances cor-
withholding and your pay is expected to usually reported tips. Your employer should refund to
rectly, but claims seven when the proper num-
be more than $200 a week. If it turns out that you ber is six, will not be charged a Form W – 4 you any incorrectly withheld tax.
do not qualify for exemption, the IRS will send penalty. However, see chapter 4 for information More information. For more information on
both you and your employer a written notice. on the underpayment penalty. the withholding rules for tip income and on tip
If you claim exemption, but later your situa- allocation, get Publication 531, Reporting Tip
tion changes so that you will have to pay income Income.
tax after all, you must file a new Form W – 4
within 10 days after the change. If you claim Tips
exemption in 2003, but you expect to owe in-
come tax for 2004, you must file a new Form The tips you receive while working on your job Taxable Fringe
W – 4 by December 1, 2003. are considered part of your pay. You must in-
An exemption is good for only one year.

clude your tips on your tax return on the same Benefits
line as your regular pay. However, tax is not
You must give your employer a new Form W – 4 withheld directly from tip income, as it is from The value of certain noncash fringe benefits you
by February 15 each year to continue your ex- your regular pay. Nevertheless, your employer receive from your employer is considered part of
emption. will take into account the tips you report when your pay. Your employer generally must with-

Figure A. Exemption From Withholding on Form W-4

Note: Do not use this chart if you are 65 or older or blind, or if you will itemize your deductions or claim exemptions for dependents
or tax credits. Instead, see the discussions in this chapter under Exemption From Withholding.
Start Here
For 2002, did you have a No

right to a refund of ALL You CANNOT claim
federal income tax withheld 䊳 exemption from
because you had NO tax withholding.
liability?
䊱
Yes Yes
Will your 2003 total income be more than the amount

shown below for your filing status?
䊲
For 2003, will No Single $ 7,800

Head of household 10,050
someone (such as Married filing separately for
your parent) be able 䊳 BOTH 2002 and 2003 7,025
to claim you as a Other married status (include BOTH
dependent? spouses’ income whether filing
separately or jointly) 14,050
Qualifying widow(er) 11,000
Yes
䊲 No
No
Will your 2003 income
be more than $750?
Yes
䊲䊲䊲
Will your 2003 income Yes

You CANNOT claim You CAN claim
include more than $250
䊳 exemption from exemption from
of unearned income
withholding. withholding.
(interest, dividends, etc.)?
䊱䊱
No No
Yes
Will your 2003 total income be:
䊳 $4,750 or less if single, or
$3,975 or less if married?
hold income tax on these benefits from your paid by the pay period, by the quarter, or on through October 31, 2002, as paid to you in
regular pay for the period the benefits are paid or some other basis as long as the benefit is con- 2002. To determine the total value of benefits
considered paid. sidered paid at least once a year. Your employer paid to you in 2003, your employer will add the
For information on fringe benefits, see Fringe can treat the benefit as being paid on one or value of any benefits paid in November and
Benefits under Employee Compensation in Pub- more dates during the year, even if you get the December of 2002 to the value of any benefits
lication 525. entire benefit at one time. paid in January through October of 2003.
Your employer can choose not to withhold
Special rule. Your employer can choose to Exceptions. Your employer cannot choose
income tax on the value of your personal use of
treat a benefit provided during November or when to withhold tax on certain benefits. These
a car, truck, or other highway motor vehicle
December as paid in the next year. Your em- benefits are transfers of either real property or
provided by your employer. Your employer must
ployer must notify you if this rule is used. personal property of a kind normally held for
notify you if this choice is made.
investment (such as stock). Your employer must
When benefits are considered paid. Your Example 1.6. Your employer considers the withhold tax on these benefits at the time of the
employer can choose to treat a fringe benefit as value of benefits paid from November 1, 2001, transfer.

How withholding is figured. Your employer have enough income tax withheld, you may
can either add the value of a fringe benefit to have to pay a penalty. See chapters 2 and 4. 1) If you do not fill out a withholding cer-
your regular pay and figure income tax withhold- Form W – 4S remains in effect until you tificate, tax will be withheld as if you were
ing on the total or withhold 27% of the benefit’s change or cancel it, or stop receiving payments. married and claiming three withholding al-
value. You can change your withholding by giving a lowances. This means that tax will be with-
If the benefit’s actual value cannot be deter- new Form W – 4S or a written notice to the payer held only if your pension or annuity is at
mined when it is paid or treated as paid, your of your sick pay. least $1,320 a month (or $15,840 a year).
employer can use a reasonable estimate. Your 2) You can choose not to have tax with-
employer must determine the actual value of the held, regardless of how much tax you
benefit by January 31 of the next year. If the owed last year or expect to owe this year.
actual value is more than the estimate, your
employer must pay the IRS any additional with-
Pensions and You do not have to qualify for exemption.
See Choosing Not To Have Income Tax
holding tax required. Your employer has until
April 1 of that next year to recover from you the
Annuities Withheld, later.
additional tax paid to the IRS for you. Income tax usually will be withheld from your 3) If you do not give the payer your social
pension or annuity distributions unless you security number (in the required manner)
How your employer reports your benefits. or the IRS notifies the payer before any
Your employer must report on Form W – 2, choose not to have it withheld. This rule applies
to distributions from: payment or distribution is made that you
Wage and Tax Statement, the total of the taxa- gave it an incorrect social security number,
ble fringe benefits paid or treated as paid to you • A traditional individual retirement arrange- tax will be withheld as if you were single
during the year and the tax withheld for the ment (IRA), and were claiming no withholding al-
benefits. These amounts can be shown either
on the Form W – 2 for your regular pay or on a • A life insurance company under an en- lowances. This means that tax will be with-
dowment, annuity, or life insurance con- held if your pension or annuity is at least
separate Form W – 2. If your employer provided $230 a month (or $2,760 a year).
you with a car, truck, or other motor vehicle and tract,
chose to treat all of your use of it as personal, its • A pension, annuity, or profit-sharing plan,
value must be either separately shown on Form Effective date of withholding certificate. If
W – 2 or reported to you on a separate state- • A stock bonus plan, and you give your withholding certificate (Form
ment. • Any other plan that defers the time you W – 4P or a similar form) to the payer by the time
receive compensation. your payments start, it will be put into effect by
the first payment made more than 30 days after
The amount withheld depends on whether you submit the certificate.
Sick Pay you receive payments spread out over more If you give the payer your certificate after
than one year (periodic payments), within one your payments start, it will be put into effect with
Sick pay is a payment to you to replace your year (nonperiodic payments), or as an eligible the first payment made on or after January 1,
regular wages while you are temporarily absent rollover distribution (ERD). You cannot choose May 1, July 1, or October 1, whichever is at least
from work due to sickness or personal injury. To not to have income tax withheld from an ERD. 30 days after you submit it. However, the payer
qualify as sick pay, it must be paid under a plan ERDs are discussed later. can elect to put it into effect earlier.
to which your employer is a party.
If you receive sick pay from your employer or Nontaxable part. The part of your pension or
an agent of your employer, income tax must be annuity that is a return of your investment in your
Nonperiodic Payments
withheld. An agent who does not pay regular retirement plan — the amount you paid into the Tax will be withheld at a 10% rate on any
wages to you may choose to withhold income plan or its cost to you — is not taxable. Income nonperiodic payments you receive.
tax at a flat 27% rate. tax will not be withheld from the part of your Because withholding on nonperiodic pay-
However, if you receive sick pay from a third pension or annuity that is not taxable. The tax
ments does not depend on withholding al-
party who is not acting as an agent of your withheld will be figured on, and cannot be more
lowances or whether you are married or single,
employer, income tax will be withheld only if you than, the taxable part.
you cannot use Form W – 4P to tell the payer
choose to have it withheld. See Form W – 4S, For information about figuring the part of how much to withhold. But you can use Form
later. your pension or annuity that is not taxable, see W – 4P to specify that an additional amount be
If you receive payments under a plan in Publication 575, Pension and Annuity Income. withheld. You can also use Form W – 4P to
which your employer does not participate (such
choose not to have tax withheld or to revoke a
as an accident or health plan where you paid all Periodic Payments choice not to have tax withheld.
the premiums), the payments are not sick pay
and usually are not taxable. Withholding from periodic payments of a pen- You may need to use Form W – 4P to
Union agreements. If you receive sick pay

sion or annuity is figured in the same way as ! ask for additional withholding. If you do
withholding from salaries and wages. To tell the CAUTION
not have enough tax withheld, you may
under a collective bargaining agreement be- need to make estimated tax payments, as ex-
payer of your pension or annuity how much you
tween your union and your employer, the agree- plained in chapter 2.
want withheld, fill out Form W – 4P or a similar
ment may determine the amount of income tax
form provided by the payer. Follow the rules
withholding. See your union representative or
discussed under Salaries and Wages, earlier, to
your employer for more information.
fill out your Form W – 4P. Eligible Rollover
Form W – 4S. If you choose to have income Distributions
tax withheld from sick pay paid by a third party, Note. Use Form W – 4, not Form W – 4P, if
you receive any of the following. A distribution you receive that is eligible to be
such as an insurance company, you must fill out
rolled over tax free into a qualified retirement or
Form W – 4S. Its instructions contain a work-
1) Military retirement pay. annuity plan is called an eligible rollover distri-
sheet you can use to figure the amount you want
bution (ERD). This is the taxable part of any
withheld. They also explain restrictions that may 2) Payments from a nonqualified deferred
distribution from a qualified pension plan or
apply. compensation plan.
tax-sheltered annuity that is not any of the fol-
Give the completed form to the payer of your
3) Payments from state and local deferred lowing.
sick pay. The payer must withhold according to
your directions on the form. compensation plan.
1) A minimum required distribution.
If you do not request withholding on Form
W – 4S, or if you do not have enough tax with- Withholding rules. The withholding rules for 2) One of a series of substantially equal peri-
held, you may have to make estimated tax pay- pensions and annuities differ from those for sal- odic pension or annuity payments made
ments. If you do not pay enough estimated tax or aries and wages in the following ways. over:

a) Your life (or your life expectancy) or the Backup withholding on gambling winnings.
joint lives of you and your beneficiary
(or your life expectancies), or
Gambling Winnings If you have any kind of gambling winnings and
do not give the payer your social security num-
Income tax is withheld from certain kinds of ber, the payer may have to withhold income tax
b) A specified period of 10 or more years.
gambling winnings. For 2003, the amount with- at the rate of 30%. This rule applies to keno
held is 27% of the proceeds paid (the amount of winnings of more than $1,500, bingo and slot
3) A hardship distribution.
your winnings minus the amount of your bet). machine winnings of more than $1,200, and
The payer of a distribution must withhold at a certain other gambling winnings of more than
Gambling winnings of more than $5,000 from
20% rate on any part of an ERD that is not rolled $600.
the following sources are subject to income tax
over directly to another qualified plan. You can- withholding.
not elect not to have withholding on these distri-
butions. No withholding is required on any part • Any sweepstakes, wagering pool, or lot-
paid directly to another plan. tery. Unemployment
• Any other wager if the proceeds are at
Choosing Not To Have least 300 times the amount of the bet. Compensation
Income Tax Withheld It does not matter whether your winnings are You can choose to have income tax withheld
You can choose not to have income tax withheld paid in cash, in property, or as an annuity. Win- from unemployment compensation. To make
from your pension or annuity. This rule does not nings not paid in cash are taken into account at this choice, you will have to fill out Form W – 4V,
apply to eligible rollover distributions. The payer their fair market value. (or a similar form provided by the payer) and
will tell you how to make this choice. If you use Gambling winnings from bingo, keno, and slot give it to the payer. The amount withheld will be
Form W – 4P, check the box on line 1 to make machines are generally not subject to income 10% of each payment.
this choice. This choice will remain in effect until tax withholding. However, you may need to pro- Unemployment compensation is taxable. So,
you decide you want withholding. vide the payer with a social security number to if you do not have income tax withheld, you may
The payer must withhold if either of the fol- avoid withholding. See Backup withholding on have to make estimated tax payments. See
lowing applies: gambling winnings, later. If you receive gam- chapter 2.
bling winnings not subject to withholding, you If you do not pay enough tax either through
1) You do not give the payer your social se- may need to make estimated tax payments. See withholding or estimated tax, you may have to
curity number (in the required manner), or chapter 2. pay a penalty. See chapter 4.
2) The IRS notifies the payer, before any If you do not pay enough tax through with-
holding or estimated tax payments, you may be Form 1099 – G. If income tax is withheld from
payment or distribution is made, that you your unemployment compensation, you will re-
gave it an incorrect social security number. subject to a penalty. See chapter 4.
ceive a Form 1099 – G, Certain Government
If you do not have any income tax withheld Form W – 2G. If a payer withholds income tax Payments. Box 1 will show the amount of unem-
from your pension or annuity, or if you do not from your gambling winnings, you should re- ployment compensation you got for the year.
have enough withheld, you may have to make ceive a Form W – 2G, Certain Gambling Win- Box 4 will show the amount of tax withheld.
estimated tax payments. See chapter 2. nings, showing the amount you won and the
If you do not pay enough tax either through amount withheld.
estimated tax or withholding, you may have to Report the tax withheld on line 62 of Form
pay a penalty. See chapter 4 for information 1040. Federal Payments
about this penalty.
Information to give payer. If the payer asks, You can choose to have income tax withheld
Outside the United States. You generally you must give the payer all the following infor- from certain federal payments you receive.
must have tax withheld from pension or annuity mation. These payments are:
benefits delivered outside of the United states. • Your name, address, and social security 1) Social security benefits,
However, if you are a U.S. citizen or resident number.
alien, you can choose not to have tax withheld if 2) Tier 1 railroad retirement benefits,
you give the payer of the benefits a home ad- • Whether you made identical wagers (ex-
plained next). 3) Commodity credit loans you choose to in-
dress in the United States or in a U.S. posses-
clude in your gross income, and
sion. The payer would have to withhold tax if you • Whether someone else is entitled to any
provide a U.S. address for a nominee, trustee, or part of the winnings subject to withholding. 4) Payments under the Agricultural Act of
agent to whom the benefits are to be delivered, If so, you must complete Form 5754, 1949 (7 U.S.C. 1421 et seq.), or title II of
but do not provide your own home address in the Statement by Person(s) Receiving Gam- the Disaster Assistance Act of 1988, as
United States or in a U.S. possession. bling Winnings, and return it to the payer. amended, that are treated as insurance
The payer will use it to prepare a Form proceeds and that you received because:
Notice required of payer. The payer of your W – 2G for each of the winners.
pension or annuity must send you a notice telling a) Your crops were destroyed or damaged
you about your right to choose not to have tax by drought, flood, or any other natural
Identical wagers. You may have to give the
withheld. disaster, or
payer a statement of the amount of your win-
Generally, the payer will not send a notice to nings, if any, from identical wagers. If this state- b) You were unable to plant crops be-
you if it is reasonable to believe that the entire ment is required, the payer will ask you for it. cause of a natural disaster described in
amount you will be paid is not taxable. You provide this statement by signing Form (a).
W – 2G or, if required, Form 5754.
Revoking a choice not to have tax withheld. Identical wagers include two bets placed in a To make this choice, you will have to fill out
The payer of your pension or annuity will tell you pari-mutuel pool on one horse to win a particular Form W – 4V (or a similar form provided by the
how to revoke your choice not to have income race. However, the bets are not identical if one payer) and give it to the payer. For 2003, you
tax withheld from periodic or nonperiodic pay- bet is “to win” and one bet is “to place.” In can choose to have 7%, 10%, 15%, or 27% of
ments. If you use Form W – 4P to revoke the addition, they are not identical if the bets were each payment withheld.
choice, print “Revoked” by the checkbox on line placed in different pari-mutuel pools. For exam- If you do not choose to have income tax
1 of the form. ple, a bet in a pool conducted by the racetrack withheld, you may have to make estimated tax
If you use Form W – 4P to revoke the choice and a bet in a separate pool conducted by an payments. See chapter 2.
for periodic payments and you do not complete offtrack betting establishment in which the bets If you do not pay enough tax either through
line 2 of the form, the payer will withhold as if you are not pooled with those placed at the track are withholding or estimated tax, you may have to
were married and claiming three allowances. not identical wagers. pay a penalty. See chapter 4.

More information. For more information How to prevent or stop backup withholding.
about the tax treatment of social security and 1) The amount you receive from any one If you have been notified by a payer that the TIN
railroad retirement benefits, get Publication 915, payer is $600 or more. you gave is incorrect, you can usually prevent
Social Security and Equivalent Railroad Retire- 2) The payer had to give you a Form 1099 backup withholding from starting or stop backup
ment Benefits. Get Publication 225, Farmer’s last year. withholding once it has begun by giving the
Tax Guide, for information about the tax treat- payer your correct name and TIN. You must
ment of commodity credit loans or crop disaster 3) The payer made payments to you last year
certify that the TIN you give is correct.
payments. that were subject to backup withholding.
However, the payer will provide additional
Form 1099 and backup withholding are gen- instructions if the TIN you gave needs to be
erally not required for a payment of less than validated by the Social Security Administration
$10. or by the IRS. This may happen if both the
Backup Withholding Withholding rules. When you open a new following conditions exist.
Banks or other businesses that pay you certain account, make an investment, or begin to re-
ceive payments reported on Form 1099, the 1) The IRS notifies the payer twice within 3
kinds of income must file an information return
(Form 1099) with the IRS. The information re- bank or other business will give you Form W – 9, calendar years that a TIN you gave for the
turn shows how much you were paid during the Request for Taxpayer Identification Number and same account is incorrect.
year. It also includes your name and taxpayer Certification, or a similar form. You must show
2) The incorrect TIN is still being used on the
identification number (TIN). TINs are explained your TIN on the form and, if your account or
account when the payer receives the sec-
later in this discussion. investment will earn interest or dividends, you
ond notice.
These payments generally are not subject to also must certify (under penalties of perjury) that
withholding. However, “backup” withholding is your TIN is correct and that you are not subject
Underreported interest or dividends. If
required in certain situations. to backup withholding.
you have been notified that you underreported
For 2003, the payer must withhold at a flat
Payments subject to backup withholding. 30% rate in the following situations. interest or dividends, you must request a deter-
Backup withholding can apply to most kinds of mination from the IRS to prevent backup with-
payments that are reported on Form 1099. • You do not give the payer your TIN in the holding from starting or to stop backup
These include: required manner. withholding once it has begun. You must show
• Interest payments (Form 1099 – INT), • The IRS notifies the payer that the TIN that at least one of the following situations ap-
you gave is incorrect. plies.
• Dividends (Form 1099 – DIV),
• You are required, but fail, to certify that • No underreporting occurred.
• Patronage dividends, but only if at least you are not subject to backup withholding.
half the payment is in money (Form • You have a bona fide dispute with the IRS
1099 – PATR), • The IRS notifies the payer to start with- about whether an underreporting oc-
holding on interest or dividends because curred.
• Rents, profits, or other gains (Form you have underreported interest or divi-
1099 – MISC), dends on your income tax return. The IRS • Backup withholding will cause or is caus-
ing an undue hardship and it is unlikely
• Commissions, fees, or other payments will do this only after it has mailed you four
that you will underreport interest and divi-
for work you do as an independent con- notices over at least a 120-day period.
dends in the future.
tractor (Form 1099 – MISC),
Taxpayer identification number (TIN). • You have corrected the underreporting by
• Payments by brokers (Form 1099 – B), Your TIN is one of the following three numbers. filing a return if you did not previously file
• Payments by fishing boat operators, 1) Your social security number (SSN). one and by paying all taxes, penalties, and
but only the part that is in money and that interest due for any underreported interest
represents a share of the proceeds of the 2) Your employer identification number. or dividend payments.
catch (Form 1099 – MISC), and 3) An IRS individual taxpayer identification
• Royalty payments (Form 1099 – MISC). number (ITIN). Aliens who do not have an If the IRS determines that backup withholding
SSN and are not eligible to get one should should stop, it will provide you with certification
Backup withholding may also apply to gambling get an ITIN. Form W – 7, Application for and will notify the payers who were sent notices
winnings. See Backup withholding on gambling IRS Individual Taxpayer Identification earlier.
winnings under Gambling Winnings, earlier. Number, is used to apply for an ITIN.
Payments not subject to backup withhold- An ITIN is for tax use only. It does not entitle you Penalties. There are civil and criminal penal-
ing. Backup withholding does not apply to to social security benefits or change your em- ties for giving false information to avoid backup
payments reported on Form 1099 – MISC (other ployment or immigration status under U.S. law. withholding. The civil penalty is $500. The crimi-
than payments by fishing boat operators and For more information on ITINs, get Publication nal penalty, upon conviction, is a fine of up to
royalty payments) unless at least one of the 1915, Understanding Your IRS Individual Tax- $1,000 or imprisonment of up to one year, or
following three situations applies. payer Identification Number. both.

To Pay Estimated Tax, later), you may be Expected AGI for 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . $61,125
charged a penalty even if you are due a refund AGI for 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $58,950
when you file your tax return. For information on Tax shown on 2002 return . . . . . . . . $10,500
2. when the penalty applies, see chapter 4. Tax expected to be shown on 2003
return
$11,500
It would be helpful for you to keep a Tax expected to be withheld in 2003 . . $10,400
TIP copy of your 2002 tax return and an
Jane uses Figure B (on the next page).
Estimated Tax estimate of your 2003 income nearby
while reading this chapter.
Jane’s answer to the chart’s first question is YES
— she expects to owe at least $1,000 for 2003
for 2003 Topics
after subtracting her withholding from her ex-
pected tax ($11,500 − $10,400 = $1,100). Her
This chapter discusses: answer to the chart’s second question is also
YES — she expects her income tax withholding
Important Change • Who must make estimated tax payments, ($10,400) to be at least 90% of the tax to be
shown on her 2003 return ($11,500 × 90% =
Estimated tax safe harbor for higher income
• How to figure estimated tax (including il- $10,350). Jane does not need to pay estimated
lustrated examples), tax.
individuals. For installment payments for tax
years beginning in 2003, the estimated tax safe • When to pay estimated tax,
harbor for higher income individuals (other than Example 2.2. The facts are the same as in
farmers and fishermen) has been modified. If
• How to figure each payment, and Example 2.1, except that Jane expects only
your adjusted gross income is more than • How to pay estimated tax. $8,500 tax to be withheld in 2003. Because that
$150,000 ($75,000 if married filing a separate is less than $10,350, her answer to the chart’s
return), your withholding and estimated tax pay- second question is NO.
ments must be at least the smaller of 90% of Useful Items Jane’s answer to the chart’s third question is
your tax liability for 2003 or 110% of the tax You may want to see: also NO — she does not expect her income tax
shown on your 2002 return (provided your 2002 withholding ($8,500) to be at least 100% of the
return covered all 12 months) to avoid an esti- Publication tax shown on her 2002 return ($10,500). Jane
mated tax penalty. must make estimated tax payments for 2003.
❏ 553 Highlights of 2002 Tax Changes
Example 2.3. The facts are the same as in
Form (and Instructions) Example 2.2, except that the tax shown on
Jane’s 2002 return was $8,000. Because she
Important Reminders ❏ 1040 – ES Estimated Tax for Individuals
expects to have more than $8,000 withheld in
2003, her answer to the chart’s third question is
Who must pay estimated tax. You must pay See chapter 5 for information about how to get
YES. Jane does not need to pay estimated tax
estimated tax unless the total tax shown on your this publication and form.
for 2003.
return minus the amount you paid through with-
holding (including excess social security and
railroad retirement tax withholding) will be less
Married Taxpayers
than $1,000. Who Must Make To figure whether you must make estimated tax
payments, apply the rules discussed here to
Payment of estimated tax by electronic Estimated Tax your separate estimated income. If you can
funds withdrawal. You may be able to pay
your estimated tax by authorizing an automatic Payments? make joint estimated tax payments, you can
apply these rules on a joint basis.
withdrawal from your checking or savings ac-
count. For more information, see Payment by You and your spouse can make joint esti-
If you had a tax liability for 2002, you may have
Electronic Funds Withdrawal under How To Pay mated tax payments even if you are not living
to pay estimated tax for 2003.
Estimated Tax, later. together.
You and your spouse cannot make joint esti-
Employment taxes on household employ-
General Rule mated tax payments if:
ees. If you either receive income from which You must make estimated tax payments for
tax is withheld or must make estimated tax pay- 1) You are legally separated under a decree
2003 if both of the following apply. of divorce or separate maintenance,
ments, you must include any expected employ-
ment (social security, Medicare, and federal 1) You expect to owe at least $1,000 in tax 2) Either spouse is a nonresident alien, or
unemployment) taxes for household employees for 2003, after subtracting your withholding
when figuring your estimated tax. 3) You and your spouse have different tax
and credits, and
years.
2) You expect your withholding and credits to
Whether you and your spouse make joint
be less than the smaller of:
estimated tax payments or separate payments
Introduction a) 90% of the tax to be shown on your will not affect your choice of filing a joint tax
2003 tax return, or return or separate returns for 2003.
Estimated tax is the method used to pay tax on
income that is not subject to withholding. This b) 100% of the tax shown on your 2002 2002 separate returns and 2003 joint return.
includes income from self-employment, interest, tax return. Your 2002 tax return must If you plan to file a joint return with your spouse
dividends, alimony, rent, gains from the sale of cover all 12 months. for 2003, but you filed separate returns for 2002,
assets, prizes, and awards. You also may have your 2002 tax is the total of the tax shown on
to pay estimated tax if the amount of income tax your separate returns. You filed a separate re-
being withheld from your salary, pension, or If all your income will be subject to
TIP income tax withholding, you probably turn if you filed as single, head of household, or
other income is not enough. married filing separately.
do not need to make estimated tax
Estimated tax is used to pay both income tax
payments.
and self-employment tax, as well as other taxes 2002 joint return and 2003 separate returns.
and amounts reported on your tax return. If you If you plan to file a separate return for 2003, but
do not pay enough through withholding or by Example 2.1. To figure whether she should you filed a joint return for 2002, your 2002 tax is
making estimated tax payments, you may be pay estimated tax for 2003, Jane, who files as your share of the tax on the joint return. You file
charged a penalty. If you do not pay enough by head of household, uses the following informa- a separate return if you file as single, head of
the due date of each payment period (see When tion. household, or married filing separately.
Page 16 Chapter 2 Estimated Tax for 2003

Figure B. Do You Have To Pay Estimated Tax?
Start Here
Will you owe $1000 or Will your income tax withholding Will your income tax
more for 2003 after Yes No withholding and credits be at No
and credits be at least 90%
subtracting income tax least 100% * of the tax shown
withholding and credits
䊳 (66-2/3% for farmers and 䊳
fishermen) of the tax shown on on your 2002 tax return?
from your total tax? (Do your 2003 tax return?
not subtract any estimated Note: Your 2002 return must
tax payments.) have covered a 12-month
period.
Yes
No
Yes
䊲
You are NOT required to pay
䊳䊳
estimated tax.
You MUST make estimated

tax payment(s) by the
required due date(s).
䊳
See When To Pay
Estimated Tax.
* 110% if less than two-thirds of your gross income for 2002 and 2003 is from farming or fishing and your 2002 adjusted gross income
was more than $150,000 ($75,000 if your filing status for 2003 is married filing a separate return).
To figure your share of the tax on a joint Farmers and Fishermen Estimated tax payments not required. You
return, first figure the tax both you and your do not have to pay estimated tax for 2003 if you
spouse would have paid had you filed separate If at least two-thirds of your gross income for meet all three of the following conditions.
returns for 2002 using the same filing status as 2002 or 2003 is from farming or fishing, substi-
for 2003. Then multiply the tax on the joint return tute 662/3% for 90% in 2a) under General Rule, 1) You had no tax liability for 2002.
by the following fraction: earlier.
2) You were a U.S. citizen or resident for the
For definitions of gross income from farming whole year.
The tax you would have paid and gross income from fishing, see Farmers and
had you filed a separate return 3) Your 2002 tax year covered a 12-month
Fishermen later under When To Pay Estimated
The total tax you and your Tax. period.
spouse would have paid had You had no tax liability for 2002 if your total
you filed separate returns tax (defined later under Required Annual Pay-
Higher Income Taxpayers ment) was zero or you did not have to file an
Example 2.4. Joe and Heather filed a joint income tax return.
return for 2002 showing taxable income of If your adjusted gross income (AGI) for 2002
$48,500 and a tax of $6,898. Of the $48,500 was more than $150,000 ($75,000 if your filing
taxable income, $40,100 was Joe’s and the rest status for 2003 is married filing a separate re- Estates and Trusts
was Heather’s. For 2003, they plan to file mar- turn), substitute 110% for 100% in 2b) under Estates and trusts also must make estimated tax
ried filing separately. Joe figures his share of the General Rule, earlier. This rule does not apply to payments. However, estates (and certain gran-
tax on the 2002 joint return as follows: farmers and fishermen. tor trusts that receive the residue of the
For 2002, AGI is the amount shown on Form decedent’s estate under the decedent’s will) are
Tax on $40,100 based on a separate
return $7,732 1040, line 36; Form 1040A, line 22; and Form exempt from paying estimated tax for the first
Tax on $8,400 based on a separate 1040EZ, line 4. two years after the decedent’s death.
return 964 Estates and trusts must use Form
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Joe’s percentage of total ($7,732 ÷
$8,696 Aliens 1041 – ES, Estimated Income Tax for Estates
and Trusts, to figure and pay estimated tax.
$8,696) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89% Resident and nonresident aliens may also have
Joe’s share of tax on joint return ($6,898
to make estimated tax payments. Resident
× 89%) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $6,139
aliens should follow the rules in this publication,
Special Rules for Farmers

unless noted otherwise. Nonresident aliens
should get Form 1040 – ES(NR), U.S. Estimated
How To Figure
and Fishermen and Higher Tax for Nonresident Alien Individuals. Estimated Tax
Income Taxpayers
Avoiding Estimated Tax To figure your estimated tax, you must figure
There are special rules for farmers, fishermen, your expected adjusted gross income, taxable
and certain higher income taxpayers. If you receive salaries and wages, you can avoid income, taxes, deductions, and credits for the
having to make estimated tax payments by ask- year.
ing your employer to take more tax out of your When figuring your 2003 estimated tax, it
earnings. To do this, file a new Form W – 4 with may be helpful to use your income, deductions,
your employer. See chapter 1. and credits for 2002 as a starting point. Use your
Chapter 2 Estimated Tax for 2003 Page 17

2002 federal tax return as a guide. You can use 10. Enter $9,000 ($12,000 if you expect subtract them from your expected adjusted
Form 1040 – ES to figure your estimated tax. to file married filing a joint return; $0 gross income.
if you expect to file married filing a
You must make adjustments both for Itemized deductions are the deductions that
separate return and expect to live
changes in your own situation and for recent with your spouse at any time during can be claimed on Schedule A of Form 1040.
changes in the tax law. For 2003, there are the year) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reduction of itemized deductions.
several changes in the law. These changes are 11. Subtract line 10 from line 9. If zero or
For 2003, your total itemized deduc-
discussed under Important Changes for 2003 at less, enter – 0 – . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12. Enter the smaller of line 9 or line 10
tions may be reduced if your adjusted
the beginning of this publication. For information
13. Enter one-half of line 12 . . . . . . . . gross income (AGI) is more than $139,500
about these and other changes in the law, get
14. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 13 ($69,750 if married filing separately). If you ex-
Publication 553, Highlights of 2002 Tax
15. Multiply line 11 by 85% (.85). If line pect your AGI to be more than that amount, use
Changes, or visit the IRS Web Site at
11 is zero, enter – 0 – . . . . . . . . . . the following worksheet to figure the amount to
www.irs.gov.
16. Add lines 14 and 15 . . . . . . . . . . . enter on line 2 of the 2003 Estimated Tax Work-
Form 1040 – ES includes a worksheet to 17. Multiply line 1 by 85% (.85) . . . . . . sheet.
help you figure your estimated tax. Keep the 18. Enter the smaller of line 16 or line 17.
worksheet for your records. A blank worksheet This is the amount of your expected Worksheet 2.3
appears later in this chapter. Example 2.9 illus- taxable social security and railroad
trates the use of the worksheet. retirement benefits. Include this 1. Enter the estimated total of your
amount in the total on line 1 of your itemized deductions . . . . . . . . . . .
2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet . . .
Expected Adjusted 2. Enter the amount included in line 1
for medical and dental expenses,
Gross Income Adjustments to income. Be sure to subtract investment interest, casualty or theft
from your expected total income all of the adjust- losses, and gambling losses . . . . .
Your expected adjusted gross income for 2003 3. Subtract line 2 from line 1 . . . . . . .
ments you expect to take on your 2003 tax
(line 1 of the 2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet) is Note. If the amount on line 3 is zero,
return. If you are using your 2002 return as a
your expected total income minus your expected stop here and enter the amount from
guide and filed Form 1040, your adjustments for line 1 of this worksheet on line 2 of
adjustments to income.
2002 were on lines 23 – 33a. If you filed Form the 2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet.
Total income. Include in your total income all 1040A, your 2002 adjustments were on lines
4. Multiply the amount on line 3 by .80
the income you expect to receive during the 16 – 19 .
5. Enter the amount from line 1 of the
year, even income that is subject to withholding. Self-employed. If you expect to have 2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet . . .
However, do not include income that is tax ex- income from self-employment, use the 6. Enter $139,500 ($69,750 if married
empt. following worksheet to figure your ex- filing separately) . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. Subtract line 6 from line 5 . . . . . . .
Total income includes all income and loss for pected self-employment tax. The result on line
8. Multiply the amount on line 7 by .03
2003 that, if you had received it in 2002, would 10 of the worksheet is your deduction for 9. Enter the smaller of line 4 or line 8
have been included in the total on line 22 of one-half of your self-employment tax. Include 10. Subtract line 9 from line 1. Enter the
Form 1040, line 15 of Form 1040A, or line 4 of this amount in the adjustments you subtract result here and on line 2 of the 2003
Form 1040EZ. When figuring your net earnings from your total income to arrive at your expected Estimated Tax Worksheet . . . . . . .
from self-employment, be sure to use only AGI. If you file a joint return and both you and
92.35% of your total net profit from self-employ- your spouse have net earnings from self-em-
ment. ployment, you must each complete a separate Standard deduction. If you expect to claim
worksheet. the standard deduction on your 2003 tax return,
Social security and railroad retire- subtract it from your expected adjusted gross
ment benefits. If you expect to receive Worksheet 2.2 income. Use the 2003 Standard Deduction Ta-
social security or tier 1 railroad retire- bles at the end of this chapter to find your stan-
ment benefits during the year, use Worksheet 1. Enter your expected income and dard deduction.
2.1 to figure the amount of expected taxable profits subject to self-employment
benefits you should include on line 1 of the 2003 tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . No standard deduction. The standard de-
Estimated Tax Worksheet. 2. Multiply the amount on line 1 duction for some individuals is zero. Your stan-
by .9235 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dard deduction will be zero if you:
Worksheet 2.1 3. Multiply the amount on line 2
by .029 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1) File a separate return and your spouse
1. Enter your expected social security 4. Social security tax maximum income $87,000 itemizes deductions,
and railroad retirement benefits . . . 5. Enter your expected wages (if
2. Enter one-half of line 1 . . . . . . . . . subject to social security tax) . . . . . 2) Are a nonresident alien, or
3. Enter your expected total income. Do 6. Subtract line 5 from line 4 . . . . . . .
3) Make a return for a period of less than 12
not include any social security and Note. If line 6 is zero or less, enter
– 0 – on line 8 and skip to line 9. months because you change your ac-
railroad retirement benefits,
nontaxable interest income,
counting period.
7. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 6
nontaxable IRA distributions, or 8. Multiply the amount on line 7
nontaxable pension distributions . . . by .124 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exemptions. After you have subtracted either
4. Enter your expected nontaxable 9. Add line 3 and line 8. Enter the result
interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . your expected itemized deductions or your stan-
here and on line 11 of your 2003 dard deduction from your expected adjusted
5. Add lines 2, 3, and 4 . . . . . . . . . . Estimated Tax Worksheet . . . . . . .
6. Enter your expected adjustments to gross income, reduce the amount remaining by
10. Multiply the amount on line 9 by .50.
income except any student loan This is your deduction for one-half of $3,050 for each exemption you expect to take on
interest deduction and any tuition your self-employment tax. . . . . . . . your 2003 tax return (lines 4 and 5 of the 2003
and fees deduction . . . . . . . . . . . Estimated Tax Worksheet). If another person
7. Subtract line 6 from line 5 . . . . . . . (such as your parent) can claim an exemption
8. Enter $25,000 ($32,000 if you expect
to file married filing a joint return; $0
Expected Taxable Income for you on his or her tax return, you cannot claim
if you expect to file married filing a your own personal exemption. This is true even
Reduce your expected adjusted gross income if the other person will not claim your exemption
separate return and expect to live
for 2003 by either your expected itemized de- or the exemption will be reduced or eliminated
with your spouse at any time during
the year) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ductions or your standard deduction and by your under the phaseout rule.
9. Subtract line 8 from line 7. If zero or exemptions (lines 2 through 5 of the 2002 Esti-
less, stop here. Do not include any mated Tax Worksheet). Phaseout. For 2003, your deduction for
social security or railroad retirement personal exemptions is phased out if your ad-
benefits on line 1 of your 2003 Itemized deductions. If you expect to claim justed gross income (AGI) falls within the follow-
Estimated Tax Worksheet . . . . . . . itemized deductions on your 2003 tax return, ing brackets.

Table 2.1 Worksheet 2.5 3) Your expected additional taxes from Form
8814, Parents’ Election To Report Child’s
Single . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $139,500– $262,000 Interest and Dividends, and Form 4972,
1. Enter the amount from line 5 of your
Married filing jointly Tax on Lump-Sum Distributions (line 42
2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet . . . .
or qualifying widow(er) . . . . . $209,250– $331,750
2. Enter the net capital gain expected for box a and box b of the 2002 Form 1040),
Married filing separately . . . . $104,625– $165,875
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and
Head of household . . . . . . . $174,400– $296,900
3. Combine the net short-term capital
loss and 28% rate gain or loss 4) Any recapture of education credits.
If the amount on line 1 of your 2003 Esti-
expected for 2003. If zero or less,
mated Tax Worksheet is more than the highest enter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
amount in the bracket for your filing status, enter Step 3. Subtract your expected credits (line
4. Enter the unrecaptured section 1250
“ – 0 – ” on line 4 of your 2003 Estimated Tax gain expected for 2003 . . . . . . . . .
9 of the 2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet). If you
Worksheet. If your AGI will fall within the 5. Add lines 3 and 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . are using your 2002 return as a guide and filed
bracket, use the following worksheet to figure 6. Subtract line 5 from line 2. If zero or Form 1040, your total credits for 2002 were
the amount to enter on line 4 of your 2003 less, enter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . shown on line 54. If you filed Form 1040A, your
Estimated Tax Worksheet. 7. Subtract line 6 from line 1. If zero or total credits for 2002 were on line 35.
less, enter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . If your credits on line 9 of the worksheet are
Worksheet 2.4 8. Enter the smaller of line 1 or $47,450 more than your taxes on line 8, enter “ – 0 – ” on
($28,400 if single; $23,725 if married line 10 and go on to Step 4.
1. Multiply $3,050 by the number of filing separately; $38,050 if head of
exemptions you plan to claim . . . . . household) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Enter the amount from line 1 of your Step 4. Add your expected self-employ-
9. Enter the smaller of line 7 or line 8 . .
2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet . . . . ment tax (line 11 of the 2003 Estimated Tax
10. Subtract line 2 from line 1. If zero or
3. Enter: less, enter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Worksheet). You should have already figured
$139,500 if single 11. Enter the larger of line 9 or line 10 . . your self-employment tax (see Expected Ad-
$209,250 if married filing jointly 12. Tax on amount on line 11 from the justed Gross Income earlier in this chapter).
or qualifying widow(er) 2003 Tax Rate Schedule . . . . . . . .
$104,625 if married filing separately Note. If line 7 is more than line 8, go Step 5. Add your expected other taxes (line
$174,400 if head of household . . . to line 18. 12 of the 2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet).
4. Subtract line 3 from line 2 . . . . . . . . 13. Subtract line 9 from line 8. If zero or Other taxes include:
5. Divide the amount on line 4 by $2,500 less, enter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
($1,250 if married filing separately). If 14. Multiply line 13 by 10% (.10) . . . . . . 1) Taxes on accumulation distribution of
the result is not a whole number, 15. Enter the amount, if any, of your trusts,
increase it to the next whole number qualified 5-year gain. Do not enter
6. Multiply the number on line 5 by .02. more than the amount on line 13. . . . 2) Taxes on distributions from an MSA,
Enter the result as a decimal, but not 16. Multiply line 15 by 2% (.02) . . . . . . .
more than 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3) Taxes on early distributions from:
17. Subtract line 16 from line 14 . . . . . .
7. Multiply the amount on line 1 by the Note. If line 13 minus line 15 is more
decimal on line 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . a) An IRA or other qualified plan,
than zero and equal to line 6, enter 0
8. Subtract line 7 from line 1. Enter the on lines 20, 25, and 28, and go to line b) An annuity, or
result here and on line 4 of your 2003 29.
Estimated Tax Worksheet . . . . . . . 18. Enter the smaller of line 1 or line 6 . . c) A modified endowment contract en-
19. Subtract line 13 from line 18 . . . . . . tered into after June 20, 1988,
20. Multiply line 19 by 20% (.20) . . . . . .
Expected Taxes Note. If line 4 is zero or blank, skip 4) Advance earned income credit payments,
and Credits lines 21 through 25 and read the note
5) Household employment taxes (before sub-
above line 26.
After you have figured your expected taxable 21. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 4 . . tracting advance EIC payments made to
income, follow the steps below to figure your 22. Add lines 2 and 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . your employee(s) if:
expected taxes, credits, and total tax for 2003. 23. Subtract line 1 from line 22. If zero or
less, enter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a) You will have federal income tax with-
Most people will have entries for only a few of
24. Subtract line 23 from line 21. If zero held from wages, pensions, annuities,
these steps. However, you should check every or less, enter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . gambling winnings, or other income, or
step to be sure that you do not overlook any- 25. Multiply line 24 by 25% (.25) . . . . . .
thing. Note. If line 3 is zero or blank, go to b) You would be required to make esti-
line 29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mated tax payments even if you did not
Step 1. Figure your expected income tax 26. Add lines 11, 13, 19, and 24 . . . . . . include household employment taxes
(line 6 of the 2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet). 27. Subtract line 26 from line 1. If zero or when figuring your estimated tax, and
Use the 2003 Tax Rate Schedules at the end of less, enter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
this chapter or in the instructions to Form 28. Multiply line 27 by 28% (.28) . . . . . . 6) Write-in amounts on line 61 of Form 1040.
29. Add lines 12, 17, 20, 25, and 28 . . . .
1040 – ES to figure your expected income tax. Do not include tax on recapture of a federal
30. Tax on the amount on line 1 from the
You must use a special method to figure tax on 2003 Tax Rate Schedule . . . . . . . . mortgage subsidy, social security and Medicare
the income of a child under age 14 who has 31. Tax. Enter the smaller of line 29 or tax on unreported tip income, or uncollected
more than $1,500 of investment income. See line 30 here and on line 6 of the 2003 employee social security and Medicare or RRTA
Tax on Investment Income of Child Under 14 in Estimated Tax Worksheet . . . . . . . . tax on tips or group-term life insurance.
Publication 929, Tax Rules for Children and De- If you filed Form 1040 for 2002, any of the
pendents. A collectibles gain or loss is any gain or
loss from the sale or exchange of a work of art, taxes in items 1, 2, or 3 above would have been
Tax on net capital gain. The regular in- rug, antique, metal, gem, stamp, coin, or alco- included in the total on line 58 of that form.
come tax rates for individuals do not apply to a holic beverage or other collectible that is a capi- If you filed a 2002 Form 1040A, your only
net capital gain. Instead, your net capital gain is tal asset and that was held more than one year. “other taxes ” were any advance earned income
taxed at a lower maximum rate. credit payments on line 37.
The term “net capital gain” means the Step 2. Add your expected taxes (line 8 of
Step 6. Subtract your expected earned in-
amount by which your net long-term capital gain the 2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet). Include on
come credit, additional child tax credit, and
for the year is more than your net short-term line 8 the sum of:
Form 4136 fuel tax credit (line 13b of the 2003
capital loss.
Estimated Tax Worksheet). These are shown on
1) Your tax on line 6,
The maximum rate may be 8%, 10%, lines 64, 66, and 68 of the 2002 Form 1040.
20%, 25%, or 28%, or a combination of 2) Your expected alternative minimum tax To figure your expected fuel tax credit, do not
those rates. Use Worksheet 2.5 to fig- from Form 6251 (line 43 of the 2002 Form include fuel tax for the first three quarters of the
ure your tax if you have capital gain. 1040) on line 7, year that you expect to have refunded to you.

2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet (keep for your records)
1 Adjusted gross income you expect in 2003 (see instructions on page 2) 1
其
2 ● If you plan to itemize deductions, enter the estimated total of your itemized deductions.
Caution: If line 1 above is over $139,500 ($69,750 if marr ied filing separately), your
deduction may be reduced. See Pub. 505 for details. 2
● If you do not plan to itemize deductions, enter your standard deduction from page 2.
4 Exemptions. Multiply $3,050 by the number of personal exemptions. If you can be claimed as
a dependent on another person’s 2003 return, your personal exemption is not allowed.
Caution: See Pub. 505 to figure the amount to enter if line 1 above is over: $209,250 if marr ied
filing jointly or qualifying widow(er); $174,400 if head of household; $139,500 if single; or $104,625
if married filing separately 4
6 Tax. Figure your tax on the amount on line 5 by using the 2003 Tax Rate Schedules on page 5.
Caution: If you have a net capital gain, see Pub. 505 to figure the tax 6
7 Alternative minimum tax from Form 6251 7
8 Add lines 6 and 7. Also include any tax from Forms 4972 and 8814 and any recapture of the
education credits (see instructions on page 2) 8
9 Credits (see instructions on page 2). Do not include any income tax withholding on this line 9
10 Subtract line 9 from line 8. If zero or less, enter -0- 10
11 Self-employment tax (see instructions on page 2). Estimate of 2003 net earnings from
self-employment $ ; if $87,000 or less, multiply the amount by 15.3%;
if more than $87,000, multiply the amount by 2.9%, add $10,788.00 to the result, and enter the
total. Caution: If you also have wages subject to social secur ity tax, see Pub. 505 to figure the
amount to enter 11
12 Other taxes (see instructions on page 2) 12
13a Add lines 10 through 12 13a
b Earned income credit, additional child tax credit, and credits from Form 4136 and Form 8885 13b
c Total 2003 estimated tax. Subtract line 13b from line 13a. If zero or less, enter -0- 䊳 13c
14a Multiply line 13c by 90% (662⁄3% for farmers and fishermen) 14a
b Enter the tax shown on your 2002 tax return (110% of that amount
if you are not a farmer or fisherman and the adjusted gross income
shown on line 36 of that return is more than $150,000 or, if married
filing separately for 2003, more than $75,000) 14b
c Required annual payment to avoid a penalty. Enter the smaller of line 14a or 14b 䊳 14c
Caution: Generally, if you do not prepay (through income tax withholding and estimated tax
payments) at least the amount on line 14c, you may owe a penalty for not paying enough estimated
tax. To avoid a penalty, make sure your estimate on line 13c is as accurate as possible. Even if
you pay the required annual payment, you may still owe tax when you file your retur n. If you
prefer, you may pay the amount shown on line 13c. For details, see Pub. 505.
15 Income tax withheld and estimated to be withheld during 2003 (including income tax withholding
on pensions, annuities, certain deferred income, etc.) 15
16 Subtract line 15 from line 14c. (Note: If zero or less or line 13c minus line 15 is less than $1,000,
stop here. You are not required to make estimated tax payments.) 16
17 If the first payment you are required to make is due April 15, 2003, enter 1⁄4 of line 16 (minus any
2002 overpayment that you are applying to this installment) here, and on your estimated tax
payment voucher(s) if you are paying by check or money order. (Note: Household employers,
see instructions on page 2.) 17

The earned income credit is shown on line 41 Finally, he determines that his required annual income tax return and pays the balance due as
of the 2002 Form 1040A. The additional child tax payment is $49,500, the smaller of the two. shown on her return on January 23, 2004.
credit is shown on line 42 of the 2002 Form Janet’s estimated tax for the fourth payment
1040A. Total Estimated period is considered to have been paid on time.
The result of steps 1 through 6 is your total However, she may owe a penalty for not making
expected tax for 2003 (line 13c of the 2003
Tax Payments the first three estimated tax payments. Any pen-
Estimated Tax Worksheet). Figure the total amount you must pay for 2003 alty for not making those payments will be fig-
through estimated tax payments on lines 15 and ured up to January 23, 2004.
Required Annual Payment 16 of the 2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet. Sub- Fiscal year taxpayers. If your tax year does
tract your expected withholding from your re- not start on January 1, your payment due dates
You figure the total amount you must pay for quired annual payment. You usually must pay are:
2003 through withholding and estimated tax this difference in four equal installments. (See
payments on lines 14a through 14c of the 2003 When To Pay Estimated Tax and How To Figure 1) The 15th day of the 4th month of your
Estimated Tax Worksheet. Each Payment, later.) fiscal year,
If your total expected tax on line 13c, minus
General rule. The total amount you must pay 2) The 15th day of the 6th month of your
your expected withholding on line 15, is less
is the smaller of: fiscal year,
than $1,000, you do not need to make estimated
tax payments. 3) The 15th day of the 9th month of your
1) 90% of your total expected tax for 2003, or
fiscal year, and
2) 100% of the total tax shown on your 2002 Withholding. Your expected withholding for
2003 includes the income tax you expect to be 4) The 15th day of the 1st month after the
return. Your 2002 tax return must cover all
withheld from all sources (wages, pensions and end of your fiscal year.
12 months.
annuities, etc.). It also includes excess social You do not have to make the last payment
security and railroad retirement tax you expect listed above if you file your income tax return by
Exceptions. There are exceptions to the gen- to be withheld from your wages. the last day of the first month after the end of
eral rule for certain higher income taxpayers and For this purpose, you will have excess social your fiscal year and pay all the tax you owe with
for farmers and fishermen. security or tier 1 railroad retirement tax withhold- your return.
Higher income taxpayers. If your adjusted ing for 2003 only if your wages from two or more
gross income (AGI) for 2002 was more than employers are more than $87,000.
When To Start
$150,000 ($75,000 if your filing status for 2003 is
married filing a separate return), substitute You do not have to make estimated tax pay-
110% for 100% in (2) above. This rule does not ments until you have income on which you will
apply to farmers and fishermen. When To Pay owe the tax. If you have income subject to esti-
For 2002, AGI is the amount shown on Form mated tax during the first payment period, you
1040 – line 36; Form 1040A – line 22; and Form Estimated Tax must make your first payment by the due date
1040EZ – line 4. for the first payment period. You can pay all your
For estimated tax purposes, the year is divided estimated tax at that time, or you can pay it in
Farmers and fishermen. If at least into four payment periods. Each period has a installments. If you choose to pay in install-
two-thirds of your gross income for 2002 or 2003 specific payment due date. If you do not pay ments, make your first payment by the due date
is from farming or fishing, your required annual enough tax by the due date of each of the pay- for the first payment period. Make your remain-
payment is the smaller of: ment periods, you may be charged a penalty ing installment payments by the due dates for
even if you are due a refund when you file your the later periods.
1) 662/3% (.6667) of your total tax for 2003, or
income tax return. The following chart gives the
2) 100% of the total tax shown on your 2002 payment periods and due dates for estimated No income subject to estimated tax during
return. (Your 2002 tax return must cover tax payments. first period. If you do not have income subject
all 12 months.) to estimated tax until a later payment period, you
Table 2.3 can make your first payment by the due date for
For definitions of “gross income from farm- that period. You can pay your entire estimated
ing” and “gross income from fishing,” see Farm- For the period: Due date: tax by the due date for that period or you can pay
ers and Fishermen later under When To Pay it in installments by the due date for that period
Jan. 1* through March 31 . . . April 15
Estimated Tax. April 1 through May 31 . . . . . June 15 and the due dates for the remaining periods. The
June 1 through August 31 . . . September 15 following chart shows the dates for making in-
Total tax for 2002. Your 2002 total tax on Sept. 1 through Dec. 31 . . . . Jan. 15 next stallment payments.
Form 1040 is the amount on line 61 reduced by year**
the total of the amounts on lines 57, 64, and 66, Table 2.4
*If your tax year does not begin on January 1, see
any credit from Form 4136 included on line 68, Fiscal year taxpayers, later.
any recapture of a federal mortgage subsidy and If you first have
any uncollected social security, Medicare, or **See January payment, later. income on
railroad retirement tax included on line 61, and which you
any tax on excess contributions to IRAs and Saturday, Sunday, holiday rule. If the due must pay Make a Make later in-
date for making an estimated tax payment falls estimated tax: payment by: stallments by:
medical savings accounts, and on excess accu-
mulations in qualified retirement plans from on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, the Before April 1 April 15 June 15
Form 5329 included on line 58. payment will be on time if you make it on the next September 15
On Form 1040A, it is line 38 reduced by the day that is not a Saturday, Sunday, or legal January 15
holiday. For example, a payment due Sunday, next year*
amounts on lines 41 and 42. On Form 1040EZ, it
is line 10 reduced by line 8. June 15, 2003, will be on time if you make it by After March 31 June 15 September 15
Monday, June 16, 2003. and before January 15
Example 2.5. Jeremy Martin’s total tax on June 1 next year*
his 2002 return was $45,000, and his expected January payment. If you file your 2003 Form
tax for 2003 is $70,000. His 2002 AGI was 1040 or Form 1040A by February 2, 2004, and After May 31 September 15 January 15
$180,000. Because Jeremy had more than pay the rest of the tax you owe, you do not need and before next year*
$150,000 of AGI in 2002, he figures his required to make your estimated tax payment that would Sept. 1
annual payment as follows. He determines that be due on January 15, 2004.
90% of his expected tax for 2003 is $63,000 (.90
× $70,000). Next, he determines that 110% of Example 2.6. Janet Adams does not pay
the tax shown on his 2002 return is $49,500. any estimated tax for 2003. She files her 2003

After August 31 January 15 (None) Wages you receive as a farm employee and Amended estimated tax. If you
next year* wages you receive from a farm corporation are refigure your estimated tax during the
not gross income from farming. year, or if your first estimated tax pay-
*See January payment and Saturday, Sunday, ment is due after April 15, 2003, figure your
holiday rule under When To Pay Estimated Tax, required payment for each remaining payment
earlier. Gross income from fishing. This is income period using the following worksheet.
from catching, taking, harvesting, cultivating, or
Change in estimated tax. After making your farming any kind of fish, shellfish (for example, Worksheet 2.6
first estimated tax payment, changes in your clams and mussels), crustaceans (for example,
income, adjustments, deductions, credits, or ex- lobsters, crabs, and shrimp), sponges, sea- 1. Amended total estimated tax due . . . .
emptions may make it necessary for you to weeds, or other aquatic forms of animal and 2. Multiply line 1 by:
refigure your estimated tax. Pay the unpaid bal- vegetable life. .50 if next payment is due
ance of your amended estimated tax by the next June 16, 2003
Gross income from fishing includes the fol- .75 if next payment is due
payment due date after the change or in install-
lowing amounts. September 15, 2003
ments by that date and the due dates for the 1.00 if next payment is due
remaining payment periods. January 15, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1) Income for services as an officer or crew
3. Estimated tax payments for all previous
How much to pay to avoid penalty. To deter- member of a vessel while the vessel is
periods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
mine how much you should pay by each pay- engaged in fishing. 4. Next required payment: Subtract line
ment due date, see How To Figure Each 3 from line 2 and enter the result (but
2) Your share of a partnership’s or S
Payment, later. not less than zero) here and on your
corporation’s gross income from fishing.
payment-voucher for your next required
3) Income for services normally performed in payment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Farmers and Fishermen If the payment on line 4 is due
connection with fishing.
January 15, 2004, stop here.
If at least two-thirds of your gross income for Services normally performed in connection with Otherwise, go on to line 5.
2002 or 2003 is from farming or fishing, you
fishing include: 5. Add lines 3 and 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
have only one payment due date for your 2003
estimated tax — January 15, 2004. The due • Shore service as an officer or crew mem- 6. Subtract line 5 from line 1 and enter the
result (but not less than zero) . . . . . . .
dates for the first three payment periods, dis- ber of a vessel engaged in fishing, and
7. Each following required payment: If
cussed earlier under When To Pay Estimated
• Services that are necessary for the imme- the payment on line 4 is due June 16,
Tax, do not apply to you. 2003, enter one-half of the amount on
diate preservation of the catch, such as
If you file your 2003 Form 1040 by March 1, line 6 here and on the
cleaning, icing, and packing the catch.
2004, and pay all the tax you owe, you do not payment-vouchers for your payments
need to pay estimated tax. due September 15, 2003, and January
Fiscal year farmers and fishermen. If you 15, 2004. If the amount on line 4 is due
Joint returns. On a joint return, you must add are a farmer or fisherman, but your tax year September 15, 2003, enter the full
your spouse’s gross income to your gross in- amount on line 6 here and on the
does not start on January 1, you can either:
come to determine if at least two-thirds of your payment-voucher for your payment due
total gross income is from farming or fishing. January 15, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1) Pay all your estimated tax by the 15th day
Gross income. Your gross income is all in- after the end of your tax year, or Example 2.7. Early in 2002, Mira figures her
come you receive in the form of money, goods, 2) File your return and pay all the tax you estimated tax due is $1,800. She makes esti-
property, and services that is not exempt from owe by the 1st day of the 3rd month after mated tax payments on April 15 and June 16 of
tax. To determine whether two-thirds of your the end of your tax year. $450 each ($1,800 ÷ 4).
gross income for 2002 was from farming or fish- On July 10, she sells investment property at
ing, use as your gross income the total of the a gain. Her refigured estimated tax is $4,100.
income (not loss) amounts. Her required estimated tax payment for the third
payment period is $2,175, figured as follows.
Gross income from farming. This is income
from cultivating the soil or raising agricultural
How To Figure Filled-in Worksheet 2.6 for Mira
commodities. It includes the following amounts.
Each Payment (Example 2.7)
1) Income from operating a stock, dairy, poul- 1. Amended total estimated tax due . . . $4,100
try, bee, fruit, or truck farm. After you have figured your estimated tax, figure 2. Multiply line 1 by:
how much you must pay by the due date of each .50 if next payment is due
2) Income from a plantation, ranch, nursery, payment period. You should pay enough by June 16, 2003
range, orchard, or oyster bed. each due date to avoid a penalty for that period. .75 if next payment is due
3) Crop shares for the use of your land. If you do not pay enough during any payment September 15, 2003
period, you may be charged a penalty even if 1.00 if next payment is due
4) Gains from sales of draft, breeding, dairy, January 15, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,075
you are due a refund when you file your tax 3. Estimated tax payments for all
or sporting livestock.
return. The penalty is discussed in chapter 4. previous periods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 900
For 2002, gross income from farming is the 4. Next required payment: Subtract line
total of the amounts from: Regular Installment Method 3 from line 2 and enter the result (but
not less than zero) here and on your
1) Line 11 of Schedule F (Form 1040), Profit If your first estimated tax payment is due April payment-voucher for your next
or Loss From Farming, 15, 2003, you can figure your required payment required payment . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,175
If the payment on line 4 is due January 15,
2) Line 7 of Form 4835, Farm Rental Income for each period by dividing your annual esti- 2004, stop here. Otherwise, go on to line 5.
and Expenses, mated tax due (line 16 of the 2003 Estimated
5. Add lines 3 and 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,075
Tax Worksheet) by 4. Use this method only if
3) Your share of a partnership’s or S
your income is basically the same throughout
corporation’s gross income from farming,
the year.
4) Your share of distributable net income If you do not receive your income evenly
from farming of an estate or trust, throughout the year, your required estimated tax
5) Your gains from sales of draft, breeding, payments may not be the same for each period.
dairy, or sporting livestock shown on Form See Annualized Income Installment Method,
4797, Sales of Business Property. later.

6. Subtract line 5 from line 1 and enter Self-employment income. If you had 7. Multiply the amount on line 1 by the
the result (but not less than zero) . . . 1,025 self-employment income, first complete Section decimal on line 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. Each following required payment: If B. Use the amounts on line 34c when figuring 8. Subtract line 7 from line 1. Enter the
the payment on line 4 is due June 16, result here and on line 10 of Section A
the amount of adjusted gross income to enter on
2003, enter one-half of the amount on
line 6 here and on the line 1.
payment-vouchers for your payments Line 12. Use the 2003 Tax Rate Schedules at
due September 15, 2003, and January
Line 4. Be sure to consider all deduction limits the end of this chapter or in the instructions to
15, 2004. If the amount on line 4 is figured on Schedule A. Form 1040 – ES to figure your annualized in-
due September 15, 2003, enter the full come tax. For the special method that must be
amount on line 6 here and on the Line 6. Multiply line 4 by line 5 and enter the
used to figure tax on the income of a child under
payment-voucher for your payment result on line 6, unless line 3 is more than
14 who has more than $1,500 investment in-
due January 15, 2004 . . . . . . . . . . $1,025 $139,500 ($69,750 if married filing separately).
come, see Tax on Investment Income of Child
In that case, use the following worksheet to
If Mira’s estimated tax does not change again, Under 14 in Publication 929, Tax Rules for Chil-
figure the amount to enter on line 6. Complete
her required estimated tax payment for the dren and Dependents.
this worksheet for each period.
fourth payment period will be $1,025. Capital gains tax computation. The regu-
Worksheet 2.7
Underpayment penalty. If your estimated lar income tax rates for individuals do not apply
tax payment for a previous period is less than 1. Enter the amount from line 4 of to a net capital gain. Instead, your net capital
one-fourth of your amended estimated tax, you Section A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . gain is taxed at a lower maximum rate.
may be charged a penalty for underpayment of 2. Enter the amount included in line 1 The term “net capital gain” means the
for medical and dental expenses, amount by which your net long-term capital gain
estimated tax for that period when you file your investment interest, casualty or theft
tax return. See chapter 4 for more information. for the year is more than your net short-term
losses, and gambling losses . . . . .
3. Subtract line 2 from line 1 . . . . . . . capital loss.
Annualized Income 4. Enter the number from line 5 of The maximum rate may be 8%, 10%, 20%,
Section A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25%, or 28%, or a combination of those rates.
Installment Method 5. Multiply the amount on line 1 by the
number on line 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Use the following worksheet to figure
If you do not receive your income evenly Note. If the amount on line 3 is zero, the amount to enter on line 12 if the
throughout the year (for example, your income stop here and enter the amount from amount on line 1 includes capital gain.
from a repair shop you operate is much larger in line 5 on line 6 of Section A.
the summer than it is during the rest of the year), 6. Multiply the amount on line 3 by the Worksheet 2.9
your required estimated tax payment for one or number on line 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
more periods may be less than the amount fig- 7. Multiply the amount on line 6 by .80 1. Enter the amount from line 11 of your
ured using the regular installment method. 8. Enter the amount from line 3 of 2003 Annualized Estimated Tax
To see whether you can pay less for any Section A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
period, complete the blank 2003 Annualized Es- 9. Enter $139,500 ($69,750 if married 2. Enter the net capital gain expected for
filing separately) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
timated Tax Worksheet (Worksheet 2.10) later
10. Subtract line 9 from line 8 . . . . . . . 3. Combine the net short-term capital
in this chapter. (Note. You must first complete 11. Multiply the amount on line 10 loss and 28% rate gain or loss
the 2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet through line by .03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . expected for 2003. If zero or less,
16.) The worksheet annualizes your tax at the 12. Enter the smaller of line 7 or line 11 enter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
end of each period based on a reasonable esti- 13. Subtract line 12 from line 5. Enter the 4. Enter the unrecaptured section 1250
mate of your income, deductions, and other result here and on line 6 of Section A gain expected for 2002 . . . . . . . . .
items relating to events that occurred since the 5. Add lines 3 and 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
beginning of the tax year through the end of the Line 7. See the 2003 Standard Deduction Ta- 6. Subtract line 5 from line 2. If zero or
period. Use the result you figure on line 25d to bles at the end of this chapter. Find your stan- less, enter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
make your estimated tax payments and com- dard deduction in the appropriate table.
less, enter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
plete your payment-vouchers. 8. Enter the smaller of line 1 or $47,450
Line 10. Multiply $3,050 by your total ex-
See Example 2.10 for an illustration of the ($28,400 if single; $23,725 if married
pected exemptions, unless line 3 is more than filing separately; $38,050 if head of
worksheet.
the amount shown for your filing status in the household) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
following table. 9. Enter the smaller of line 7 or line 8 . .
Note. If you use the annualized income in-
stallment method to figure your estimated tax 10. Subtract line 2 from line 1. If zero or
Table 2.5 less, enter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
payments, you must file Form 2210 with your
11. Enter the larger of line 9 or line 10 . .
2003 tax return. See Annualized Income Install- Single . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $139,500 12. Tax on amount on line 11 from the
ment Method in chapter 4 for more information. Married filing jointly 2003 Tax Rate Schedule . . . . . . . .
or qualifying widow(er) . . . . . . . . $209,250 Note. If line 7 is more than line 8, go
Married filing separately . . . . . . . $104,625 to line 18.
Instructions For Worksheet 2.10 Head of household . . . . . . . . . . $174,400 13. Subtract line 9 from line 8. If zero or
In that case, use the following worksheet to less, enter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The top of the worksheet shows the dates for 14. Multiply line 13 by 10% (.10) . . . . . .
figure the amount to enter on line 10.
each payment period. The periods build; that is, 15. Enter the amount, if any, of your
each period includes all previous periods. After Worksheet 2.8 qualified 5-year gain. Do not enter
the end of each payment period, complete the more than the amount on line 13. . . .
1. Multiply $3,050 by your total expected 16. Multiply line 15 by 2% (.02) . . . . . . .
worksheet column for the period from the begin-
exemptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17. Subtract line 16 from line 14 . . . . . .
ning of the tax year through the end of that 2. Enter the amount from line 3 of Note. If line 13 minus line 15 is more
payment period to figure the payment due for Section A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . than zero and equal to line 6, enter 0
that period. 3. Enter the amount shown for your filing on lines 20, 25, and 28, and go to line
status from Table 2.5 . . . . . . . . . . 29.
Line 1. Enter your adjusted gross income for 4. Subtract line 3 from line 2 . . . . . . . . 18. Enter the smaller of line 1 or line 6 . .
each period. This is your gross income, includ- 5. Divide the amount on line 4 by $2,500 19. Subtract line 13 from line 18 . . . . . .
($1,250 if married filing separately). If 20. Multiply line 19 by 20% (.20) . . . . . .
ing your share of partnership or S corporation
the result is not a whole number, Note. If line 4 is zero or blank, skip
income or loss, for the period, minus your adjust- increase it to the next whole number lines 21 through 25 and read the note
ments to income for that period. (See Expected 6. Multiply the number on line 5 by .02. above line 26.
Adjusted Gross Income under How To Figure Enter the result as a decimal, but not 21. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 4 . .
Estimated Tax, earlier.) more than 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22. Add lines 2 and 11 . . . . . . . . . . . .

23. Subtract line 1 from line 22. If zero or 2) 50% (.50) for the second period,
less, enter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24. Subtract line 23 from line 21. If zero 3) 75% (.75) for the third period, or How To Pay
or less, enter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4) 100% (1.00) for the fourth period.
25. Multiply line 24 by 25% (.25) . . . . . . Estimated Tax
Note. If line 3 is zero or blank, go to You may choose to include your actual with-
line 29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . holding through the due date for each period on There are five ways to pay estimated tax.
26. Add lines 11, 13, 19, and 24 . . . . . . line 25c. You can make this choice separately
for the taxes withheld from your wages and all 1) By crediting an overpayment on your
less, enter 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
28. Multiply line 27 by 28% (.28) . . . . . . other withholding. For an explanation of what to 2002 return to your 2003 estimated tax.
29. Add lines 12, 17, 20, 25, and 28 . . . . include in withholding, see Total Estimated Tax
2) By sending in your payment with a
30. Tax on the amount on line 1 from the Payments under How To Figure Estimated Tax,
payment-voucher from Form 1040 – ES.
2003 Tax Rate Schedule . . . . . . . . earlier.
31. Tax. Enter the smaller of line 29 or 3) By paying electronically using the Elec-
line 30 here and on line 12 of the Section B. If you had income from self-em- tronic Federal Tax Payment System
2003 Annualized Estimated Tax
ployment during any period, complete the work- (EFTPS). For EFTPS information, call
Worksheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
sheet column for that period to figure your 1 – 800 – 945 – 8400 or 1 – 800 – 555 – 4477.
annualized self-employment tax before you
A collectibles gain or loss is any gain or complete the worksheet column for that period 4) By electronic funds withdrawal if you
loss from the sale or exchange of a work of art, in Section A. are filing Form 1040 or Form 1040A elec-
rug, antique, metal, gem, stamp, coin, or alco- tronically.
holic beverage or other collectible that is a capi- Nonresident aliens. If you will file Form 5) By credit card using a pay-by-phone sys-
tal asset and that was held more than one year. 1040NR and you do not receive wages as an tem or the Internet.
employee subject to U.S. income tax withhold-
Line 13. Enter your self-employment tax for In addition, if you are a beneficiary of an estate
ing, the instructions for the worksheet are modi-
each period from line 34a. or trust, and the trustee elects to credit 2003
fied as follows.
trust payments of estimated tax to you, you can
Line 14. Include all the taxes you will owe
1) Skip the first column. treat the amount credited as paid by you on
(other than income tax and self-employment tax)
because of events that occurred during the pe- January 15, 2004.
2) On line 1, enter your income for the period
riod. that is effectively connected with a U.S.
If you filed a 2002 Form 1040, these include: trade or business. Crediting an Overpayment
1) Taxes on qualified plans, including IRAs, 3) On line 17, increase your entry by the When you file your Form 1040 or Form 1040A
and other tax favored accounts, amount determined by multiplying your infor 2002 and you have an overpayment of tax,
come for the period that is not effectively you can apply part or all of it to your estimated
2) Advance earned income credit,
connected with a U.S. trade or business by tax for 2003. On line 72 of Form 1040, or line 46
3) Household employment taxes that are re- the following: of Form 1040A, write the amount you want
ported on your income tax return, and credited to your estimated tax rather than re-
a) 72% for the second column,
4) Write-in amounts on line 61of Form 1040. funded. The amount you have credited should
b) 45% for the third column, and be taken into account when figuring your esti-
Do not include tax on recapture of a federal
c) 30% for the fourth column. However, if mated tax payments.
mortgage subsidy, social security and Medicare
tax on unreported tip income, and any uncol- you can use a treaty rate lower than You can use all the credited amount toward
lected social security, Medicare, or railroad re- 30%, use the percentages determined your first payment, or you can spread it out in
tirement tax. by multiplying your treaty rate by 2.4, any way you choose among any or all of your
If you filed a 2002 Form 1040A, “other tax” is 1.5, and 1, respectively, instead of the payments.
any advance earned income credit payments on above percentages. If you ask that an overpayment be credited to
line 37 of that form. your estimated tax for the next year, the pay-
4) On line 22, enter one-half of the amount
Line 16. Include all the credits (other than ment is considered to have been made on the
from line 16c of the Form 1040 – ES(NR)
withholding credits) you can claim because of due date of the first estimated tax installment
2002 Estimated Tax Worksheet in the sec-
events that occurred during the period. If you are ond column, and one-fourth in the third (April 15 for calendar year taxpayers). You can-
using your 2002 return as a guide and filed Form and fourth columns. not have any of that amount refunded to you
1040, your 2002 credits included the credits on after that due date until the close of that tax year.
lines 64, 66, and 68 box b, and the credits that 5) On lines 20 and 23, skip column (b). You also cannot use that overpayment in any
are included in the total on line 54. If you filed 6) On line 25c, if you do not use the actual other way after that date.
Form 1040A, your 2002 credits included the withholding method, include one-third of
credits on lines 41 and 42. your total expected withholding in the sec- Example 2.8. When Kathleen finished filling
ond column and two-thirds in the third and out her 2002 tax return, she saw that she had
Line 25a. If line 24 is smaller than line 21 and overpaid her taxes by $750. Kathleen knew she
fourth columns.
you are not certain of the estimate of your 2003 would owe additional tax in 2003. She credited
tax, you can avoid a penalty by entering the See Publication 519 for more information.
$600 of the overpayment to her 2003 estimated
amount from line 21 on line 25a.
tax and had the remaining $150 refunded to her.
Line 25c. Include all estimated tax payments
Estimated Tax In September, she amended her 2002 return
credited to 2003 and federal income tax with- Payments Not Required by filing Form 1040X, Amended U.S. Individual
holding through the payment due date for the Income Tax Return. It turned out that she owed
You do not have to make estimated tax pay-
period. Also include excess social security and $250 more in tax than she had thought. This
excess railroad retirement for the period. ments if your withholding in each payment pe-
riod is at least one-fourth of your required annual reduced her 2002 overpayment from $750 to
Your withholding is considered paid in four $500. Because the $750 had already been ap-
equal installments, one on the due date of each payment or at least your required annualized
income installment for that period. You also do plied to her 2003 estimated tax or refunded to
payment period. To figure the amount to include
not have to make estimated tax payments if you her, the IRS billed her for the additional $250
on line 25c for each period, multiply your total
expected withholding for 2003 by: will pay enough through withholding to keep the she owed, plus penalties and interest. Kathleen
amount you will owe with your return under could not use any of the $600 she had credited
1) 25% (.25) for the first period, $1,000. to her 2003 estimated tax to pay this bill.

Worksheet 2.10. 2003 Annualized Estimated Tax Worksheet (Note: For instructions, see Annualized Income Installment Method
in Chapter 2.)
Section A (For Figuring Your Annualized Estimated Tax Payments)—Complete each column after end of period shown.
Estates and trusts: Use the following ending dates in each 1/1/03 to 1/1/03 to 1/1/03 to 1/1/03 to
column—2/28, 4/30, 7/31, 11/30. 3/31/03 5/31/03 8/31/03 12/31/03
1 Adjusted gross income for each period. (Caution: See
instructions.) Self-employed: Complete Section B first. 1
2 Annualization amounts. 2 4 2.4 1.5 1
3 Annualized income. Multiply line 1 by line 2. 3
4 Itemized deductions for period. If you do not expect to
itemize, enter zero and skip to line 7. 4
6 Multiply line 4 by line 5. (Caution: See instructions and
Worksheet 2.7.) 6
7 Standard deduction from 2003 tables. 7
8 Enter the larger of line 6 or line 7. 8
9 Subtract line 8 from line 3. 9
10 Multiply $3,050 by your total expected exemptions.
(Caution: See instructions and Worksheet 2.8.) 10
11 Subtract line 10 from line 9. 11
12 Tax on the amount on line 11 from the 2003 Tax Rate
Schedules. (Caution: See instructions and Worksheet
2.9.) 12
13 Self-employment tax from line 34a of Section B. 13
14 Other taxes for each payment period. 14
15 Total tax. Add lines 12, 13, and 14. 15
16 Credits for each period. 16
17 Subtract line 16 from line 15. (If less than zero, enter
zero.) 17
18 Applicable percentage. 18 22.5% 45% 67.5% 90%
19 Multiply line 17 by line 18. 19
20 Add amounts on line 25a of all preceding columns. 20
21 Annualized income installment. Subtract line 20 from
line 19. (If less than zero, enter zero.) 21
22 Divide line 14c of the Form 1040-ES Estimated Tax
Worksheet by 4. 22
23 Subtract line 25a of preceding column from line 24 of
preceding column. 23
24 Add lines 22 and 23. 24
25a Enter the smaller of line 21 or line 24. (Caution: See
instructions.) 25a
b Total required payments for the period. Add lines 20
and 25a. 25b
c Estimated tax payments made (line 25d of all previous
columns) and tax withholding through the due date for
the period. 25c
d Estimated tax payment required by the next due date.
Subtract line 25c from line 25b and enter the result (but
not less than zero) here and on your payment-voucher. 25d

Worksheet 2.10. (continued) 2003 Annualized Estimated Tax Worksheet

Section B (For Figuring Your Annualized Estimated Self-Employment Tax)—Complete each column after end of period shown.
1/1/03 to 1/1/03 to 1/1/03 to 1/1/03 to

3/31/03 5/31/03 8/31/03 12/31/03
26 Net earnings from self-employment for the period 26
27 Prorated social security tax limit 27 $21,750 $36,250 $58,000 $87,000
28 Enter actual wages for the period subject to social
security tax or the 6.2% portion of the 7.65% railroad
retirement (tier 1) tax 28
29 Subtract line 28 from line 27. If zero or less, enter -0- 29
30 Annualization amounts 30 0.496 0.2976 0.186 0.124
31 Multiply line 30 by the smaller of line 28 or line 29 31
33 Multiply line 26 by line 32 33
34a Add lines 31 and 33. Enter the result here and on
line 13 of Section A 䊳 34a
b Annualization amounts 34b 8 4.8 3 2
c Deduction for one-half of self-employment tax. Divide
line 34a by 34b. Enter the result here. Also use this
result to figure your adjusted gross income on line 1 34c
Using the Change of address. You must notify the IRS turn, you can schedule one estimated tax pay-
if you are making estimated tax payments and ment with an effective date of April 15, 2003,
Payment-Vouchers June 16, 2003, or September 15, 2003. Do not
you changed your address during the year. You
Each payment of estimated tax must be accom- must send a clear and concise written statement send in a Form 1040 – ES payment voucher
panied by a payment-voucher from Form to the IRS Center where you filed your last return when you schedule an estimated tax payment
1040 – ES. If you made estimated tax payments and provide all of the following: by electronic funds withdrawal.
last year, you should receive a copy of the 2003
Form 1040 – ES in the mail. It will have • Your full name (and your spouse’s full Payment by Credit Card
payment-vouchers preprinted with your name, name),
address, and social security number. Using the You can use your American Express, Dis-
• Your signature (and spouse’s signature),
preprinted vouchers will speed processing, recover, MasterCard, or Visa credit card to
duce the chance of error, and help save • Your old address (and spouse’s old ad- make estimated tax payments. Call or access by
processing costs. dress if different), Internet one of the service providers listed below
If you did not pay estimated tax last year, you
will have to get a copy of Form 1040 – ES from
• Your new address, and and follow the instructions of the provider. Each
provider will charge a convenience fee based on
the IRS. See chapter 5. After you make your first • Your social security number (and spouse’s the amount you are paying. You can find out
payment, a Form 1040 – ES package with the social security number). what the fee will be by calling the provider’s
preprinted vouchers will be mailed to you. Fol- toll-free automated customer service number or
low the instructions in the package to make sure You can use Form 8822, Change of Address,
for this purpose. visiting the provider’s web site shown below.
you use the vouchers correctly.
Use the window envelopes that came with You can continue to use your old pre-printed
your Form 1040 – ES package. If you use your Official Payments Corporation
payment-vouchers until the IRS sends you new 1 – 800 – 2PAY – TAX (1 – 800 – 272 – 9829)
own envelopes, make sure you mail your ones. However, do not correct the address on
payment-vouchers to the address shown in the 1 – 877 – 754 – 4413 (Customer Service)
the old voucher. www.officialpayments.com
Form 1040 – ES instructions for the place where
you live.
Payment by Electronic
Do not use the address shown in the
Funds Withdrawal
! Form 1040 or Form 1040A instruc- Link2Gov Corporation
1 – 888 – PAY – 1040 (1 – 888 – 729 – 1040)
CAUTION
tions. You can make a 2003 estimated tax payment
1 – 888 – 658 – 5465 (Customer Service)
If you file a joint return and you are making when you electronically file your 2002 Form
www.PAY1040.com
joint estimated tax payments, please enter the 1040 or Form 1040A by authorizing an elec-
names and social security numbers on the pay- tronic funds withdrawal from your checking or
ment voucher in the same order as they will savings account. Whether or not you have a See the Form 1040 – ES instructions for
appear on the joint return. balance due on your electronically filed tax re- more information.

come to find their expected adjusted gross in- First Period

Illustrated Examples come, $74,296. They enter that amount on line 1
of the worksheet. On April 1, 2003, the Joneses complete the first
column of the worksheet for the period January
The following examples show how to figure esti-
Expected taxable income. The Joneses find 1 through March 31. They had the following
mated tax payments under the regular install-
their standard deduction, $7,950, in the 2003 income for the period:
ment method and under the annualized income
installment method. Standard Deduction Tables. This is smaller than
their expected itemized deductions, so they Larry’s salary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 6,900
Unemployment compensation . . . . . 600
enter $9,200 on line 2 of the worksheet. They
Example 2.9: subtract the amount on line 2 from the amount
Anne’s net profit from
self-employment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,000
Regular Installment Method on line 1 and enter the result, $65,096, on line 3. Net rental income . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0–
They enter their deduction for exemptions, Interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500
Early in 2003, Anne and Larry Jones figure their
$6,100, on line 4. After subtracting this amount, Dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462
estimated tax payments for the year. They ex- Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $11,462
their expected taxable income on line 5 is
pect to receive the following income during They also take into account the following
$58,996.
2003: items for the period:
Expected taxes and credits. The Joneses
Larry’s salary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $30,200 Adjustment to income for IRA
Unemployment compensation . . . . . . 600 use the 2003 Tax Rate Schedule Y – 1 at the end
of this chapter to figure their expected income contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 150
Anne’s net profit from self-employment 38,500 Itemized deductions . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,200
Net rental income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,671 tax, and enter $9,635 on line 6 of the worksheet.
Withholding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,350
Interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,300 They do not expect to owe any other taxes that
Dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,745 would be entered on lines 7 or 12, or have any
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $78,016 Annualized adjusted gross income. Before
credits that would be entered on lines 9 or 13b,
They also use the following expected items the Joneses figure their adjusted gross income
so they leave those lines blank.
to figure their estimated tax: for the period, they first figure Anne’s self-em-
The Joneses’ total expected tax on line 13c, ployment tax in Section B, and then her adjust-
after adding Anne’s self-employment tax, is ment to income for self-employment tax.
Adjustment to income for IRA
contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,000 $15,075. On line 26 of Section B, they enter $2,771,
Itemized deductions . . . . . . . . . . 9,200 which is Anne’s net profit from self-employment
Deduction for exemptions Estimated tax. The Joneses multiply their to-
for the period, $3,000, multiplied by .9235. The
($3,050 × 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,100 tal expected tax by 90% and enter $13,568 on prorated social security tax limit is preprinted on
2002 total tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,220 line 14a of the worksheet. They enter their 2002 line 27. She has no social security wages, so
Withholding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,792 tax on line 14b. Their required annual payment they enter zero on line 28, and $21,750 on line
on line 14c is the smaller amount, $13,568. 29. Anne’s annualized social security tax on line
The Joneses plan to file a joint return. They
use the 2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet in- They enter Larry’s expected withholding, 31 is $1,374, ($2,771 × .496). Her annualized
cluded in Form 1040 – ES to figure their esti- $5,792, on line 15 and subtract it from their medicare tax on line 33 is $321 ($2,771 × .116).
mated tax payments. Their filled-in worksheet required annual payment. Their estimated tax Her total annualized self-employment tax on line
follows this discussion. on line 16 is $7,776. 34a is $1,695. They enter that amount on line 13
of Section A.
Expected adjusted gross income. Anne can Required estimated tax payment. The The Joneses figure their adjustment to in-
claim an income tax deduction for one-half of her Joneses’ first estimated tax payment is due April come for Anne’s self-employment tax on lines
self-employment tax as a business expense. So 15, 2003. They enter one-fourth of their esti- 34b and 34c. They figure the amount to be $212
before the Joneses figure their expected ad- mated tax, $1,944, on line 17 of the worksheet ($1,695 ÷ 8). They subtract that amount and
justed gross income, they figure Anne’s ex- and on their Form 1040 – ES payment-voucher their $150 IRA contributions from their $11,462
pected self-employment tax, as follows: due April 15. They mail the voucher with their total income and enter their adjusted gross in-
payment to the address shown for their area in come for the period, $11,100, on line 1 of Sec-
Filled-in Worksheet 2.2 for Anne Jones the Form 1040 – ES instructions, and record the tion A. They multiply that amount by 4 and enter
(Example 2.9) payment on the Record of Estimated Tax Pay- their annualized adjusted gross income,
ments in the instructions. $44,400, on line 3.
1. Enter your expected income and
profits subject to self-employment If their estimated tax does not change during
the year, the Joneses also will pay $1,944 esti- Annualized taxable income. The Joneses
tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $38,500
2. Multiply the amount on line 1 mated tax by June 16, September 16, 2003, and figure their annualized itemized deductions
by .9235 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $35,555 January 15, 2004. ($1,200 × 4) on lines 4 through 6 of Section A.
3. Multiply the amount on line 2 Because the result is smaller than their standard
by .029 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1,031 deduction, they enter their $7,950 standard de-
4. Social security tax maximum
Example 2.10: duction on line 8. After subtracting that amount
income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $87,000 Annualized Income and their $6,100 deduction for exemptions, the
5. Enter your expected wages (if
subject to social security tax) . . . –0–
Installment Method Joneses’ annualized taxable income on line 11
is $30,350.
6. Subtract line 5 from line 4 . . . . . $87,000 The facts are the same as in Example 2.9, ex-
Note. If line 6 is zero or less, enter – 0 – Annualized taxes and credits. The Joneses
on line 8 and skip to line 9. cept that the Joneses do not expect to receive
their income evenly throughout the year. Anne use the 2003 Tax Rate Schedule Y – 1 at the end
7. Enter the smaller of line 2 or line 6 $35,555 expects to receive the largest portion of her of this chapter to figure their annualized income
8. Multiply the amount on line 7 by tax, $3,953, on line 12 of Section A.
self-employment income during the last few
.124 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $4,409 The Joneses have no other taxes or credits
9. Add line 3 and line 8. Enter the months of the year, and the Joneses’ rental
income is from a vacation home rented only in for the period that would be entered on lines 14
result here and on line 11 of your
the summer months. or 16, so they leave those lines blank and enter
2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet $5,440
10. Multiply the amount on line 9 by
$5,648 ($3,953 + $1,695) on lines 15 and 17.
After completing their 2003 Estimated Tax
.50. This is your deduction for This is their annualized total tax.
Worksheet, the Joneses decide to use the annu-
one-half of your self-employment alized income installment method to see if they Required estimated tax payment. The
tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $2,720 can pay less than $1,944 estimated tax for one Joneses’ annualized income installment on line
The Joneses enter $35,555 on the dotted or more payment periods. They complete the 21 of Section A is $1,271 ($5,648 × 22.5%). On
line and $5,440 in the blank on line 11 of the 2003 Annualized Estimated Tax Worksheet lines 22 and 24 they enter $3,392, one-fourth of
worksheet. They subtract one-half of that (Worksheet 2.10) in this chapter. Their filled-in their $13,568 required annual payment under
amount, $2,720, and their $1,000 adjustment for worksheet follows their filled-in 2003 Estimated the regular installment method of figuring esti-
IRA contributions from their $78,016 total in- Tax Worksheet at the end of this example. mated tax payments (from line 14c of the 2003

Estimated Tax Worksheet). Because $1,271 is Second Third Fourth For the second period, as for the first, the
smaller, they enter that amount on lines 25a and Jan. 1- Jan. 1- Jan. 1- annualized income installment method allows
25b. May 31 Aug. 31 Dec. 31 the Joneses to pay less than their required pay-
Larry’s salary . . . . .$11,800 $19,200 $30,200
Larry’s total expected withholding for the ment under the regular installment method of
Unemployment
year is $5,792. The Joneses can treat compensation . . . . 600 600 600
figuring estimated tax payments. They make up
one-fourth of that amount, $1,448, as paid on Anne’s net profit from the difference in the third and fourth periods
April 15, or they can choose to use Larry’s actual self-employment . . . 6,000 15,850 38,500 when their income is higher.
withholding for the period, $1,350. The Joneses Net rental income . . 668 2,671 2,671 Because the Joneses are using the annual-
enter $1,448 on line 25c. Interest income . . . 850 1,450 2,300 ized income installment method, they will file
On line 25d, the Joneses’ required estimated Dividends . . . . . . . 674 1,708 3,745 Form 2210 with their tax return for 2003.
tax payment for the period under the annualized Total . . . . . . . . . . $20,592 $41,479 $78,016
income installment method is $0 ($1,271 − They also take into account the following
$1,448). They do not have a Form 1040 – ES items for each period:
payment-voucher due April 15, 2003.
Second Third Fourth
Jan. 1- Jan. 1- Jan. 1-
May 31 Aug. 31 Dec. 31
Second, Third, and Adjustment to
Fourth Periods income for IRA
contributions . . . . $ 250 $ 400 $1,000
After the end of each remaining payment period, Itemized deductions 2,700 6,400 9,200
the Joneses complete the column of the work-
sheet for that period (from the beginning of the
year through the end of that payment period) in
the same way they did for the first period. They
had the following income for each period:

2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet (keep for your records)
1 Adjusted gross income you expect in 2003 (see instructions on page 2) 1 74,296
其
2 ● If you plan to itemize deductions, enter the estimated total of your itemized deductions.
Caution: If line 1 above is over $139,500 ($69,750 if marr ied filing separately), your
deduction may be reduced. See Pub. 505 for details. 2 9,200
● If you do not plan to itemize deductions, enter your standard deduction from page 2.
3 Subtract line 2 from line 1 3 65,096
4 Exemptions. Multiply $3,050 by the number of personal exemptions. If you can be claimed as
a dependent on another person’s 2003 return, your personal exemption is not allowed.
Caution: See Pub. 505 to figure the amount to enter if line 1 above is over: $209,250 if marr ied
filing jointly or qualifying widow(er); $174,400 if head of household; $139,500 if single; or $104,625
if marr ied filing separately 4 6,100
5 Subtract line 4 from line 3 5 58,996
6 Tax. Figure your tax on the amount on line 5 by using the 2003 Tax Rate Schedules on page 5.
Caution: If you have a net capital gain, see Pub. 505 to figure the tax 6 9,635
7 Alternative minimum tax from Form 6251 7
8 Add lines 6 and 7. Also include any tax from Forms 4972 and 8814 and any recapture of the
education credits (see instructions on page 2) 8 9,635
9 Credits (see instructions on page 2). Do not include any income tax withholding on this line 9
10 Subtract line 9 from line 8. If zero or less, enter -0- 10 9,635

11 Self-employment tax (see instructions on page 2). Estimate of 2003 net earnings from
self-employment $ 35,555 ; if $87,000 or less, multiply the amount by 15.3%;
if more than $87,000, multiply the amount by 2.9%, add $10,788.00 to the result, and enter the
total. Caution: If you also have wages subject to social secur ity tax, see Pub. 505 to figure the
amount to enter 11 5,440
12 Other taxes (see instructions on page 2) 12
13a Add lines 10 through 12 13a 15,075
b Earned income credit, additional child tax credit, and credits from Form 4136 and Form 8885 13b
c Total 2003 estimated tax. Subtract line 13b from line 13a. If zero or less, enter -0- 䊳 13c 15,075
14a Multiply line 13c by 90% (662⁄3% for farmers and fishermen) 14a 13,568
b Enter the tax shown on your 2002 tax return (110% of that amount
if you are not a farmer or fisherman and the adjusted gross income
shown on line 36 of that return is more than $150,000 or, if married
filing separately for 2003, more than $75,000) 14b 15,220
c Required annual payment to avoid a penalty. Enter the smaller of line 14a or 14b 䊳 14c 13,568
Caution: Generally, if you do not prepay (through income tax withholding and estimated tax
payments) at least the amount on line 14c, you may owe a penalty for not paying enough estimated
tax. To avoid a penalty, make sure your estimate on line 13c is as accurate as possible. Even if
you pay the required annual payment, you may still owe tax when you file your retur n. If you
prefer, you may pay the amount shown on line 13c. For details, see Pub. 505.
15 Income tax withheld and estimated to be withheld during 2003 (including income tax withholding
on pensions, annuities, certain deferred income, etc.) 15 5,792
16 Subtract line 15 from line 14c. (Note: If zero or less or line 13c minus line 15 is less than $1,000,
stop here. You are not required to make estimated tax payments.) 16 7,776
17 If the first payment you are required to make is due April 15, 2003, enter 1⁄4 of line 16 (minus any
2002 overpayment that you are applying to this installment) here, and on your estimated tax
payment voucher(s) if you are paying by check or money order. (Note: Household employers,
see instructions on page 2.) 17 1,944

Filled-in 2003 Annualized Estimated Tax Worksheet for Example 2.10

Section A (For Figuring Your Annualized Estimated Tax Payments)—Complete each column after end of period shown.
Estates and trusts: Use the following ending dates in each 1/1/03 to 1/1/03 to 1/1/03 to 1/1/03 to
column—2/28, 4/30, 7/31, 11/30. 3/31/03 5/31/03 8/31/03 12/31/03
1 Adjusted gross income for each period. (Caution: See
instructions.) Self-employed: Complete Section B first. 1 11,100 19,918 39,959 74,296
3 Annualized income. Multiply line 1 by line 2. 3 44,400 47,803 59,939 74,296
4 Itemized deductions for period. If you do not expect to
itemize, skip to line 7 and enter zero. 4 1,200 2,700 6,400 9,200
6 Multiply line 4 by line 5. (Caution: See instructions and
Worksheet 2.7.) 6 4,800 6,480 9,600 9,200
7 Standard deduction from 2003 tables. 7 7,950 7,950 7,950 7,950
8 Enter the larger of line 6 or line 7. 8 7,950 7,950 9,600 9,200
9 Subtract line 8 from line 3. 9 36,450 39,853 50,339 65,096
10 Multiply $3,050 by your total expected exemptions.
(Caution: See instructions and Worksheet 2.8.) 10 6,100 6,100 6,100 6,100
11 Subtract line 10 from line 9. 11 30,350 33,753 44,239 58,996
12 Tax on the amount on line 11 from the 2003 Tax Rate
Schedules. (Caution: See instructions and Worksheet
2.9.) 12 3,953 4,463 6,036 9,635
13 Self-employment tax from line 34a of Section B. 13 1,695 2,035 3,359 5,440
14 Other taxes for each payment period. 14
15 Add lines 12, 13, and 14. 15 5,648 6,498 9,395 15,075
16 Credits for each period. 16
17 Total tax. Subtract line 16 from line 15. (If less than
zero, enter zero.) 17 5,648 6,498 9,395 15,075
18 Applicable percentage. 18 22.5% 45% 67.5% 90%
19 Multiply line 17 by line 18. 19 1,271 2,924 6,342 13,568
20 Add amounts on line 25a of all preceding columns. 20 1,271 2,924 6,342
21 Annualized income installment. Subtract line 20 from
line 19. (If less than zero, enter zero.) 21 1,271 1,653 3,418 7,226
22 Divide line 14c of the Form 1040-ES Estimated Tax
Worksheet by 4. 22 3,392 3,392 3,392 3,392
23 Subtract line 25a of preceding column from line 24 of
preceding column. 23 2,121 3,860 3,834
24 Add lines 22 and 23. 24 3,392 5,513 7,252 7,226
25a Enter the smaller of line 21 or line 24. (Caution: See
instructions.) 25a 1,271 1,653 3,418 7,226
b Total required payments for the period. Add lines 20
and 25a. 25b 1,271 2,924 6,342 13,568
c Estimated tax payments made (line 25d of all previous
columns) and tax withholding through the due date for
the period. 25c 1,448 2,896 4,372 7,790
d Estimated tax payment required by the next due date.
Subtract line 25c from line 25b and enter the result (but
not less than zero) here and on your payment-voucher. 25d -0- 28 1,970 5,778

Filled-in 2003 Annualized Estimated Tax Worksheet for Example 2.10 (continued)
Section B (For Figuring Your Annualized Estimated Self-Employment Tax)—Complete each column after end of period shown.
1/1/03 to 1/1/03 to 1/1/03 to 1/1/03 to

3/31/03 5/31/03 8/31/03 12/31/03
26 Net earnings from self-employment for the period 26 2,771 5,541 14,637 35,555
28 Enter actual wages for the period subject to social
security tax or the 6.2% portion of the 7.65% railroad
retirement (tier 1) tax 28 0 0 0 0
29 Subtract line 28 from line 27. If zero or less, enter -0- 29 21,750 36,250 58,000 87,000
31 Multiply line 30 by the smaller of line 26 or line 29 31 1,374 1,649 2,722 4,409
33 Multiply line 26 by line 32 33 321 386 637 1,031
33a Add lines 31 and 33. Enter the result here and on
line 13 of Section A 34a 1,695 2,035 3,359 5,440
b Annualization amounts 34b 8 4.8 3 2
c Deduction for one-half of self-employment tax. Divide
line 34a by 34b. Enter the result here. Also use this
result to figure your adjusted gross income on line 1. 34c 212 424 1,120 2,720
2003 Tax Rate Schedules

Caution: Do not use these Tax Rate Schedules to figure your 2002 taxes. Use only to figure your 2003 estimated taxes.
Single—Schedule X Head of household—Schedule Z
If line 5 is: The tax is: of the If line 5 is: The tax is: of the
But not amount But not amount
Over— over— over— Over— over— over—
$0 $6,000 10% $0 $0 $10,000 10% $0

6,000 28,400 $600.00 + 15% 6,000 10,000 38,050 $1,000.00 + 15% 10,000
28,400 68,800 3,960.00 + 27% 28,400 38,050 98,250 5,207.50 + 27% 38,050
68,800 143,500 14,868.00 + 30% 68,800 98,250 159,100 21,461.50 + 30% 98,250
143,500 311,950 37,278.00 + 35% 143,500 159,100 311,950 39,716.50 + 35% 159,100
311,950 96,235.50 + 38.6% 311,950 311,950 93,214.00 + 38.6% 311,950
Married filing jointly or Qualifying Married filing separately—
widow(er)—Schedule Y-1 Schedule Y-2
If line 5 is: The tax is: of the If line 5 is: The tax is: of the
But not amount But not amount
Over— over— over— Over— over— over—
$0 $12,000 10% $0 $0 $6,000 10% $0

12,000 47,450 $1,200.00 + 15% 12,000 6,000 23,725 $600.00 + 15% 6,000
47,450 114,650 6,517.50 + 27% 47,450 23,725 57,325 3,258.75 + 27% 23,725
114,650 174,700 24,661.50 + 30% 114,650 57,325 87,350 12,330.75 + 30% 57,325
174,700 311,950 42,676.50 + 35% 174,700 87,350 155,975 21,338.25 + 35% 87,350
311,950 90,714.00 + 38.6% 311,950 155,975 45,357.00 + 38.6% 155,975

2003 Standard Deduction Tables Caution: If you are married filing a separate return and your spouse
itemizes deductions, or if you are a dual-status alien, you cannot
take the standard deduction even if you were 65 or older or blind.
Table 1. Standard Deduction Chart for Most People* Table 3. Standard Deduction Worksheet for
Your Standard Dependents*
If Your Filing Status is: Deduction is:
If you are 65 or older or blind, check the correct number of
Single $4,750 boxes below. Then go to the worksheet.
Married filing joint return or Qualifying You 65 or older Blind
widow(er) with dependent child 7,950 Your spouse, if claiming
spouse’s exemption 65 or older Blind
Married filing separate return 3,975
Head of household 7,000 Total number of boxes you checked
*DO NOT use this chart if you are 65 or older or blind, OR if someone can 1. Enter your earned income (defined
claim you (or your spouse if married filing jointly) as a dependent.
below) plus $250. 1.
2. Minimum amount 2. $750
Table 2. Standard Deduction Chart for People Age 3. Compare the amounts on lines 1 and 2.
65 or Older or Blind* Enter the larger of the two amounts here 3.
4. Enter on line 4 the amount shown
Check the correct number of boxes below. Then go to the chart.
below for your filing status.
You 65 or older Blind ● Single, enter $4,750
Your spouse, if claiming ● Married filing separate return, enter $3,975 4.
spouse’s exemption 65 or older Blind ● Married filing jointly or Qualifying widow(er)
with dependent child, enter $7,950
Total number of boxes you checked ● Head of household, enter $7,000
5. Standard deduction.
And the Number a. Compare the amounts on lines 3 and 5a.
If Your in the Box Your Standard 4. Enter the smaller of the two
Filing Status is: Above is: Deduction is: amounts here. If under 65 and not
Single 1 $5,900 blind, stop here. This is your standard
2 7,050 deduction. Otherwise, go on to line 5b.
Married filing joint 1 8,900 b. If 65 or older or blind, multiply $1,150 5b.
return or Qualifying 2 9,850 ($950 if married or qualifying widow(er)
widow(er) with 3 10,800 with dependent child) by the number
dependent child 4 11,750 in the box above. Enter the result
c. Add lines 5a and 5b. This is your 5c.
Married filing 1 4,925 standard deduction for 2003.
separate return 2 5,875
3 6,825 Earned income includes wages, salaries, tips, professional fees,
4 7,775 and other compensation received for personal services you
Head of household 1 8,150 performed. It also includes any amount received as a scholarship
2 9,300 that you must include in your income.
*If someone can claim you (or your spouse if married filing jointly) as a *Use this worksheet ONLY if someone can claim you (or your spouse if
dependent, use Table 3, instead. married filing jointly) as a dependent.

Forms W – 2 and W – 2G. You file Form W – 2 than the gambling winnings you report on line
with your income tax return. File Form W – 2G 21.
with your return if it shows any federal income
3. tax withheld from your winnings. The 1099 Series
You should get at least two copies of each
form you receive. Attach one copy to the front of Most forms in the 1099 series are not filed with
your federal income tax return. Keep one copy your return. You should receive these forms by
Credit for for your records. You should also receive copies
to file with your state and local returns.
February 1, 2003. Keep these forms for your
records. There are several different forms in this
series, including:
Withholding and Form W–2 • Form 1099 – B, Proceeds From Broker and
Barter Exchange Transactions,
Estimated Tax Your employer should give you a Form W – 2 for
2002 by January 31, 2003. You should receive a • Form 1099 – DIV, Dividends and Distribu-
separate Form W – 2 from each employer you tions,
for 2002 worked for. • Form 1099 – INT, Interest Income,
If you stop working before the end of the
year, your employer can give you your Form
• Form 1099 – MISC, Miscellaneous Income,
W – 2 at any time after you leave your job. How- • Form 1099 – OID, Original Issue Discount,
Important Change ever, your employer must give it to you by Janu-
ary 31 of the following year (or the next day that
• Form 1099 – Q, Qualified Tuition Program
Excess social security or railroad retirement Payments,
is not a Saturday, Sunday, or holiday if January
tax withholding. You can claim a credit for 31 is a Saturday, Sunday, or holiday). • Form 1099 – R, Distributions from Pen-
excess social security or tier 1 railroad retire- If you ask for the form, your employer must sions, Annuities, Retirement or
ment tax withholding for 2002 only if your total give it to you within 30 days after receiving your Profit-Sharing Plans, IRAs, Insurance
wages from two or more employers were more written request or within 30 days after your final Contracts, etc.,
than $84,900. wage payment, whichever is later. • Form SSA – 1099, Social Security Benefit
If you have not received your Form W – 2 by Statement, and
February 1, 2003, you should ask your employer
for it. If you do not receive it by February 15, call • Form RRB – 1099, Payments by the Rail-
Introduction the IRS. The number is listed in the Form 1040, road Retirement Board.
Form 1040A, and Form 1040EZ instructions.
When you file your 2002 income tax return, take If you received the types of income reported
You will be asked for the following information:
credit for all the income tax and excess social on some forms in the 1099 series, you may not
security or railroad retirement tax withheld from be able to use Form 1040A or Form 1040EZ.
1) Your employer’s name, address, and tele-
your salary, wages, pensions, etc. Also, take See the instructions to these forms for details.
phone number, and, if known, your
credit for the estimated tax you paid for 2002.
employer’s identification number. Form 1099 – R. Attach Form 1099 – R to your
These credits are subtracted from your tax. You
should file a return and claim these credits, even 2) Your address, social security number, and return if federal income tax withholding is shown
if you do not owe tax. daytime telephone number. in box 4. Include the amount withheld in the total
on line 62 of Form 1040, or on line 39 of Form
If the total of your withholding and your esti- 3) The dates of employment. 1040A. You cannot use Form 1040EZ if you
mated tax payments for any payment period is received payments reported on Form 1099 – R.
4) An estimate of your total wages and fed-
less than the amount you needed to pay by the
eral income tax withheld.
due date for that period, you may be charged a Backup withholding. If you were subject to
penalty, even if the total of these credits is more Form W – 2 shows your total pay and other backup withholding on income you received dur-
than your tax for the year. compensation and the income tax, social secur- ing 2002, include the amount withheld, as
ity tax, and Medicare tax that was withheld dur- shown on your Form 1099, in the total on line 62
Topics ing the year. Include the federal income tax of Form 1040, or line 39 of Form 1040A.
This chapter discusses: withheld (as shown on Form W – 2) on:
• Line 62, if you file Form 1040, Form Not Correct
• How to take credit for withholding,
• Line 39, if you file Form 1040A, or If you receive a form with incorrect information,
• How to take credit for estimated taxes you you should ask the payer for a corrected form.
paid, and • Line 7, if you file Form 1040EZ. Call the telephone number or write to the ad-
• How to take credit for excess social secur- Form W – 2 is also used to report any taxable
dress given for the payer on the form. The cor-
ity or railroad retirement tax withholding. rected Form W – 2G or Form 1099 you receive
sick pay you received and any income tax with- will be marked “Corrected.” A special form, Form
held from your sick pay. W – 2c, Corrected Wage and Tax Statement, is
used to correct a Form W – 2.
Form W–2G
If you had gambling winnings in 2002, the payer
Form Received After Filing
Withholding may have withheld 27% as income tax. If tax If you file your return and you later receive a
was withheld, the payer will give you a Form form for income that you did not include on your
If you had income tax withheld during 2002, you
W – 2G showing the amount you won and the return, you should report the income and take
should receive a statement by January 31,
amount of tax withheld. credit for any income tax withheld by filing Form
2003, showing your income and the tax with-
held. Depending on the source of your income, Report the amounts you won on line 21 of 1040X.
you will receive: Form 1040. Take credit for the tax withheld on
line 62 of Form 1040. If you had gambling win- Separate Returns
• Form W – 2, Wage and Tax Statement, nings, you must use Form 1040; you cannot use
Form 1040A or Form 1040EZ. If you are married but file a separate return, you
• Form W – 2G, Certain Gambling Winnings, Gambling losses can be deducted on Sched- can take credit only for the tax withheld from
or
ule A (Form 1040) as a miscellaneous itemized your own income. Do not include any amount
• A form in the 1099 series. deduction. However, you cannot deduct more withheld from your spouse’s income. However,
Chapter 3 Credit for Withholding and Estimated Tax for 2002 Page 33
different rules may apply if you live in a commu- On his return for the fiscal year ending June totaling $3,000. They file separate Forms 1040.
nity property state. 30, 2004, Miles takes credit for any income tax James’ tax is $4,000 and Evelyn’s is $1,000. If
withheld in 2003. they do not agree on how to divide the $3,000,
Community property states. The following they must divide it proportionately between their
are community property states. Backup withholding. If income tax has been returns. Because James’ tax ($4,000) is 80% of
• Arizona, withheld under the backup withholding rule, take the total tax ($5,000), his share of the estimated
credit for it on your tax return for the fiscal year in tax is $2,400 (80% of $3,000). The balance,
• California, which you received the payment. $600 (20% of $3,000), is Evelyn’s share.
• Idaho,
Example 3.2. Emily Smith’s records show
• Louisiana, that she received income in February 2003 from
Divorced Taxpayers
• Nevada, which $50 was withheld under the backup with- If you made joint estimated tax payments for
holding rule. On her tax return for the fiscal year
• New Mexico, ending June 30, 2003, Emily takes credit for
2002, and you were divorced during the year,
either you or your former spouse can claim all of
• Texas, withheld income tax of $50. the joint payments, or you each can claim part of
• Washington, and them. If you cannot agree on how to divide the
payments, you must divide them in proportion to
• Wisconsin. each spouse’s individual tax as shown on your
If you live in a community property state and file Estimated Tax separate returns for 2002. See Example 3.3,
a separate return, you and your spouse must earlier.
each report half of all community income in addi- Take credit for all your estimated tax payments
If you claim any of the joint payments on your
tion to your own separate income. Each of you for 2002 on line 63 of Form 1040 or line 40 of
tax return, enter your former spouse’s social
takes credit for half of all taxes withheld on the Form 1040A. Include any overpayment from
security number (SSN) in the space provided on
community income. If you were divorced during 2001 that you had credited to your 2002 esti-
the front of Form 1040 or Form 1040A. If you
the year, each of you generally must report half mated tax. You must use Form 1040 or Form
1040A if you paid estimated tax. You cannot use divorced and remarried in 2002, enter your pres-
the community income and can take credit for ent spouse’s SSN in that space and write your
half the withholding on that community income Form 1040EZ.
former spouse’s SSN, followed by “DIV,” to the
for the period before the divorce. If you were a beneficiary of an estate or trust,
left of line 63, Form 1040, or line 40, Form
include on line 63, Form 1040, any trust pay-
For more information on these rules, and ments of estimated tax credited to you (from line 1040A.
some exceptions, see Publication 555, Commu- 14a of Schedule K – 1 (Form 1041),
nity Property. Beneficiary’s Share of Income, Deductions,
Credits, Etc.). On the dotted line next to line 36
Fiscal Years of Schedule E (Form 1040) write “ES payment Excess Social Security
claimed” and the amount. Do not include this
If you file your tax return on the basis of a fiscal amount in the total on line 36. The payment is or Railroad Retirement
year (a 12-month period ending on the last day treated as being made by you on January 15,
of any month except December), you must fol- 2003. Tax Withholding
low special rules, described below, to determine
your credit for federal income tax withholding. Name changed. If you changed your name, Most employers must withhold social security
and you made estimated tax payments using tax from your wages. The federal government
Normal withholding. You can claim credit on and state and local governments in some cases
your tax return only for the tax withheld during your old name, attach a statement to the front of
your tax return indicating: do not have to withhold social security tax from
the calendar year ending in your fiscal year. You their employees’ wages. If you work for a rail-
cannot claim credit for any of the tax withheld • When you made the payments, road employer, that employer must withhold tier
during the calendar year beginning in your fiscal
year. You will be able to claim credit for that • The amount of each payment, 1 railroad retirement (RRTA) tax and tier 2
RRTA tax.
withholding on your return for next year. • The IRS address to which you sent the
The Form W – 2 or 1099 – R you receive for payments,
the calendar year that ends during your fiscal Two or more employers. If you worked for
year will show the tax withheld and the income • Your name when you made the payments, two or more employers in 2002, too much social
you received during that calendar year. and security tax or RRTA tax may have been with-
held from your pay. You may be able to claim the
Although you take credit for all the withheld • Your social security number.
tax shown on the form, report only the part of the excess as a credit against your income tax when
income shown on the form that you received The statement should cover payments you you file your return. Table 3.1 shows the maxi-
during your fiscal year. Add to that the income made jointly with your spouse as well as any you mum amount that should have been withheld for
you received during the rest of your fiscal year. made separately. any of these taxes for 2002. Figure the excess
withholding on the appropriate worksheet fol-
Example 3.1. Miles Hanson files his return Separate Returns lowing Table 3.1. Use Worksheet 3.1 to figure
for a fiscal year ending June 30, 2002. In Janu- excess social security tax; use Worksheet 3.2 to
ary 2003, he received a Form W – 2 that showed If you and your spouse made separate esti- figure excess tier 1 RRTA tax; use Worksheet
that his wages for 2002 were $15,600 and that mated tax payments for 2002 and you file sepa- 3.3 to figure excess tier 2 RRTA tax.
his income tax withheld was $1,409.40. His rec- rate returns, you can take credit only for your
ords show that he had received $7,500 of the own payments. Note. If you worked for both a railroad em-
wages by June 30, 2002, and $8,100 from July 1 If you made joint estimated tax payments, ployer and a nonrailroad employer, use Work-
through December 31, 2002. you must decide how to divide the payments sheet 3.2 to figure excess social security and tier
On his return for the fiscal year ending June between your returns. One of you can claim all 1 RRTA tax.
30, 2003, Miles will report the $8,100 he was of the estimated tax paid and the other none, or
paid in July through December of 2002, plus you can divide it in any other way you agree on. Joint returns. If you are filing a joint return,
whatever he was paid during the rest of the fiscal If you cannot agree, you must divide the pay- you cannot add any social security or RRTA tax
year — January 1, 2003, to June 30, 2003. ments in proportion to each spouse’s individual withheld from your spouse’s income to the
However, he takes credit for all $1,409.40 that tax as shown on your separate returns for 2002. amount withheld from your income. You must
was withheld during 2002. On his return for the figure the excess separately for both you and
fiscal year ending June 30, 2003, he cannot take Example 3.3. James and Evelyn Brown your spouse to determine if either of you has
credit for any tax withheld during 2003. made joint estimated tax payments for 2002 excess withholding.
Page 34 Chapter 3 Credit for Withholding and Estimated Tax for 2002
Table 3.1 Example 3.4. In 2002, Tom Martin earned 3. Add lines 1 and 2. If $5,263.80 or
$52,000 working for Shoe Company and less, stop here. You cannot claim
Maximum $40,200 working for Leather Design. Shoe Com- the credit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
wages Maximum 4. Social security and tier 1 RRTA tax
pany withheld $3,224 for social security tax.
subject tax to be limit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,263.80
Type of Tax to tax Tax rate withheld
Leather Design withheld $2,492.40 for social 5. Excess. Subtract line 4 from line 3.
Social security $84,900 6.2% $5,263.80 security tax. Because he worked for two employ-
Tier 1 railroad ers and earned more than $84,900, he had too Where to claim credit for excess tier 1 RRTA
retirement much social security tax withheld. Tom figures withholding. If you file Form 1040A, include
(RRTA) $84,900 6.2% $5,263.80 his credit of $452.60 as follows: the excess in the total on line 43. Write “Excess
Tier 2 RRTA $63,000 4.9% $3,087.00 SST” and show the amount of the credit in the
Filled-in Worksheet 3.1 for Tom Martin
(Example 3.4) space to the left of the line. If you file Form 1040,
Note. All wages are subject to Medicare tax enter the excess on line 65.
withholding. 1. Add all social security tax withheld You cannot claim excess tier 1 RRTA with-
(but not more than $5,263.80 for holding on Form 1040EZ.
Employer’s error. If any one employer with- each employer). This tax should be
held too much social security or RRTA tax, you shown in box 4 of your Forms Worksheet 3.3
cannot claim the excess as a credit against your W – 2. Enter the total here. . . . . . . $5,716.40
income tax or file a claim for refund of the ex- 2. Enter any uncollected social 1. Add all tier 2 RRTA tax withheld (but
security tax on tips or group-term not more than $3,087.00 for each
cess. Your employer must adjust this for you.
life insurance included in the total employer). Box 14 of your Forms
on Form 1040, line 61 . . . . . . . . . 0 W – 2 should show tier 2 RRTA tax.
Worksheet for 3. Add lines 1 and 2. If $5,263.80 or Enter the total here . . . . . . . . . . .
Nonrailroad Employees less, stop here. You cannot claim 2 Enter any uncollected tier 2 RRTA
the credit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,716.40 tax on tips or group-term life
4. Social security tax limit . . . . . . . . 5,263.80 insurance included in the total on
Unless you worked for a railroad during 2002,
5. Excess. Subtract line 4 from line 3. $452.60 Form 1040, line 61 . . . . . . . . . . .
figure the excess on the following worksheet. 3 Add lines 1 and 2. If $3,087.00 or
Worksheet 3.1 less, stop here. You cannot claim
Worksheets for the credit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1. Add all social security tax withheld 4. Tier 2 RRTA tax limit . . . . . . . . . . 3,087.00
(but not more than $5,263.80 for
Railroad Employees 5. Excess. Subtract line 4 from line 3.
each employer). This tax should be
If you worked for a railroad during 2002, figure
shown in box 4 of your Forms W – 2. How to claim refund of excess tier 2 RRTA .
Enter the total here . . . . . . . . . . . your excess withholding on the following work-
To claim a refund of tier 2 tax, use Form 843,
2. Enter any uncollected social security sheets.
Claim for Refund and Request for Abatement.
tax on tips or group-term life Worksheet 3.2 Be sure to attach a copy of all of your W – 2
insurance included in the total on
forms.
Form 1040, line 61 . . . . . . . . . . . 1. Add all social security and tier 1
3. Add lines 1 and 2. If $5,263.80 or RRTA tax withheld (but not more
less, stop here. You cannot claim than $5,263.80 for each employer).
the credit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Social security tax should be shown
4. Social security limit . . . . . . . . . . . 5,263.80 in box 4 and tier 1 RRTA should be
5. Excess. Subtract line 4 from line 3. shown in box 14 of your Forms
W – 2. Enter the total here . . . . . . .
Where to claim credit for excess social se- 2. Enter any uncollected social security
curity withholding. If you file Form 1040A, and tier 1 RRTA tax on tips or
include the excess in the total on line 43. Write group-term life insurance included in
“Excess SST” and show the amount of the credit the total on Form 1040, line 61 . . . .
in the space to the left of the line. If you file Form
1040, enter the excess on line 65.
You cannot claim excess SST withholding on
Form 1040EZ.
Chapter 3 Credit for Withholding and Estimated Tax for 2002 Page 35
• Your total 2002 tax (defined later) minus justed gross income (AGI) for 2001 was more
your withholding is less than $1,000. than $150,000 ($75,000 if your filing status is
4. • You did not have a tax liability for 2001. married filing a separate return in 2002), substi-
tute 112% for 100% in (2) above.
• You did not have any withholding taxes For 2001, AGI is the amount shown on Form
and your current year tax less any house- 1040 – line 34; Form 1040A – line 20; and Form
Underpayment hold employment taxes is less than
$1,000.
1040EZ – line 4.
Penalty figured for each period. Because

Penalty Special rules apply if you are a farmer or fisher-
man.
the penalty is figured separately for each pay-
ment period, you may owe a penalty for a pay-
ment period even if you later paid enough to
for 2002 IRS can figure the penalty for you. If you
think you owe the penalty but you do not want to
make up the underpayment. If you did not pay
enough tax by the due date of any of the pay-
figure it yourself when you file your tax return, ment periods, you may owe a penalty even if you
you may not have to. Generally, the IRS will are due a refund when you file your income tax
Important Change figure the penalty for you and send you a bill. return.
However, you must complete Form 2210 or
Penalty rate. The penalty for underpayment Form 2210 – F and attach it to your return if you Example 4.1. You did not make estimated
of 2002 estimated tax is figured at an annual rate are able to lower or eliminate your penalty. See tax payments for 2002 because you thought you
of 6% for the number of days the underpayment Form 2210, later. had enough tax withheld from your wages. Early
remained unpaid from April 16, 2002, through in January 2003, you made an estimate of your
December 31, 2002 and 5% from January 1, Topics total 2002 tax. Then you realized that your with-
2003, through April 15, 2003. This chapter discusses: holding was $2,000 less than the amount
needed to avoid a penalty for underpayment of
• The general rule for the underpayment estimated tax.
penalty, On January 10, you made an estimated tax
Important Reminders • Special rules for certain individuals, payment of $3,000, the difference between your
withholding and your estimate of your total tax.
Household employment taxes. When figur- • Exceptions to the underpayment penalty, Your final return shows your total tax to be $50
ing the penalty for failure to pay estimated in- • How to figure your underpayment and the less than your estimate, so you are due a refund.
come tax, you generally must include with your amount of your penalty on Form 2210, and You do not owe a penalty for your payment
estimated taxes any household employment due January 15, 2003. However, you may owe a
taxes that you may have to pay.
• How to ask IRS to waive the penalty. penalty through January 10, 2003, for your un-
derpayments for the earlier payment periods.
Failure to pay estimated tax. You will not be
Useful Items Minimum required each period. You will
liable for the penalty for failure to pay estimated
You may want to see: owe a penalty for any 2002 payment period for
income tax if the total tax shown on your return
minus the amount you paid through withholding which your estimated tax payment plus your
Form (and Instructions) withholding for the period and overpayments for
(including excess social security and railroad
retirement tax withholding) is less than $1,000. previous periods was less than the smaller of:
❏ 2210 Underpayment of Estimated Tax by
Individuals, Estates, and Trusts 1) 22.5% of your 2002 tax, or
Exception to use of prior year’s tax. Certain
taxpayers (other than farmers and fishermen) ❏ 2210 – F Underpayment of Estimated Tax 2) 25% of your 2001 tax. (Your 2001 tax re-
must use 112% of their 2001 tax to figure any by Farmers and Fishermen turn must cover a 12-month period.)
2002 underpayment penalty. See Higher in-
come taxpayers under General Rule, later. See chapter 5 for information about getting
these forms. Note. If you are subject to the rule for higher
income taxpayers, discussed earlier, substitute
28% for 25% in (2) above.
Introduction When penalty is charged. If you miss a
If you did not pay enough tax either through
General Rule payment or you paid less than the minimum
required in a period, you may be charged an
withholding or by making estimated tax pay- In general, you may owe a penalty for 2002 if the underpayment penalty from the date the amount
ments, you will have an underpayment of esti- total of your withholding and estimated tax pay- was due to the date the payment is made.
mated tax and you may have to pay a penalty. ments did not equal at least the smaller of:
Having completed copies of your latest fed- Trust payments of estimated tax. If you
eral income tax returns may help you through 1) 90% of your 2002 tax, or were a beneficiary of an estate or trust that
this chapter. credited its estimated tax payments to you, treat
2) 100% of your 2001 tax. (Your 2001 tax
return must cover a 12-month period.) the amount credited (line 14a of Schedule K – 1
No penalty. Generally, you will not have to (Form 1041), Beneficiary’s Share of Income,
pay a penalty for 2002 if any of the following Your 2002 tax, for this purpose, is your Total tax Deductions, Credits, Etc.) as an estimated tax
situations applies. for 2002, defined under Exceptions, later. payment made by you on January 15, 2003.
• The total of your withholding and esti- Special rules for certain individuals. There Amended returns. If you file an amended re-
mated tax payments was at least as much
are special rules for farmers and fishermen, and turn by the due date of your original return, use
as your 2001 tax (or 112% of your 2001
for certain higher income taxpayers. the tax shown on your amended return to figure
tax if your adjusted gross income was
your required estimated tax payments. If you file
more than $150,000 — $75,000 if your Farmers and fishermen. If at least
an amended return after the due date of the
2002 filing status is married filing sepa- two-thirds of your gross income for 2001 or 2002
original return, use the tax shown on the original
rately), and you paid all required estimated is from farming or fishing, substitute 662/3% for
return.
tax payments on time. 90% in (1) above.
However, if you and your spouse file a joint
See Farmers and Fishermen, later.
• The tax balance due on your return is no return after the due date to replace separate
more than 10% of your total 2002 tax, and Higher income taxpayers. If less than returns you originally filed by the due date, use
you paid all required estimated tax pay- two-thirds of your gross income for 2001 and the tax shown on the joint return to figure your
ments on time. 2002 is from farming or fishing and your ad- required estimated tax payments. This rule ap-
Page 36 Chapter 4 Underpayment Penalty for 2002

plies only if both original separate returns were total on line 43. On Form 1040EZ, it is the
filed on time.
• You request a waiver. See Waiver of Pen- amount on line 7.
alty, later.
2001 separate returns and 2002 joint return. • You use the annualized income install- No Tax Liability Last Year
If you file a joint return with your spouse for ment method. See the explanation of this
2002, but you filed separate returns for 2001, method under Figuring Your Underpay- You do not owe a penalty if you had no tax
your 2001 tax is the total of the tax shown on ment, later. liability last year and you were a U.S. citizen or
your separate returns. You filed a separate re-
turn if you filed as single, head of household, or • You use your actual withholding for each resident for the whole year. For this rule to apply,
payment period for estimated tax pur- your tax year must have included all 12 months
married filing separately. of the year.
poses. See Actual withholding method
under Figuring Your Underpayment, later. You had no tax liability for 2001 if your total
2001 joint return and 2002 separate returns.
tax was zero or you did not need to file an
If you file a separate return for 2002, but you • You base any of your required install- income tax return.
filed a joint return with your spouse for 2001, ments on the tax shown on your 2001 re-
your 2001 tax is your share of the tax on the joint turn and you filed or are filing a joint return Example 4.3. Ray, who is single and 22
return. You filed a separate return if you filed as for either 2001 or 2002 but not for both years old, was unemployed for most of 2001. He
single, head of household, or married filing sep- years. earned $2,700 in wages before he was laid off,
arately.
and he received $2,500 in unemployment com-
To figure your share of the taxes on a joint
pensation afterwards. He had no other income.
return, first figure the tax both you and your
Even though he had gross income of $5,200, he
spouse would have paid had you filed separate
did not have to pay income tax because his
returns for 2001 using the same filing status as Exceptions gross income was less than the filing require-
for 2002. Then multiply the tax on the joint return
ment for a single person under age 65 ($7,450
by the following fraction: Generally, you do not have to pay an underpay- for 2001). He filed a return only to have his
ment penalty if either of the following conditions withheld income tax refunded to him.
The tax you would have paid apply:
had you filed a separate return In 2002, Ray began regular work as an inde-
The total tax you and your
• Your total tax is less than $1,000, or pendent contractor. Ray made no estimated tax
payments in 2002. Even though he did owe tax
spouse would have paid had • You had no tax liability last year. at the end of the year, Ray does not owe the
you filed separate returns
underpayment penalty for 2002 because he had
Less Than $1,000 Due no tax liability in 2001.
Example 4.2. Lisa and Paul filed a joint re-
turn for 2001 showing taxable income of Total tax for 2001. For 2001, your total tax on
You do not owe a penalty if the total tax shown
$49,000 and a tax of $7,832. Of the $49,000 Form 1040 is the amount on line 58 reduced by
on your return minus the amount you paid
taxable income, $41,000 was Lisa’s and the rest the total of the following amounts.
through withholding (including excess social se-
was Paul’s. For 2002, they file married filing
curity and railroad retirement tax withholding) is
separately. Lisa figures her share of the tax on 1) Any recapture of a federal mortgage sub-
less than $1,000.
the 2001 joint return as follows: sidy from Form 8828 included on line 58.
2001 Tax on $41,000 based on a Total tax for 2002. For 2002, your total tax on 2) Any social security or Medicare tax on tips
separate return . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 8,457 Form 1040 is the amount on line 61 reduced by not reported to your employer on line 54.
2001 Tax on $8,000 based on a the total of the following amounts.
separate return . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,204 3) Any tax on excess contributions to IRAs
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 9,661 1) Any recapture of a federal mortgage sub- and medical savings accounts, and any
Lisa’s percentage of total sidy from Form 8828 included on line 61. tax on excess accumulations in qualified
($8,457 ÷ $ 9,661) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.53% retirement plans from Form 5329 included
Lisa’s part of tax on joint return 2) Any social security or Medicare tax on tips on line 55.
($7,832 × 87.53%) . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 6,855 not reported to your employer on line 57.
4) Any uncollected social security, Medicare,
3) Any tax on excess contributions to IRAs or railroad retirement tax included on line
Form 2210. In most cases, you do not need to and medical savings accounts, and any 58.
file Form 2210. The IRS will figure the penalty for tax on excess accumulations in qualified
you and send you a bill. If you want us to figure retirement plans from Form 5329 included 5) Any earned income credit on line 61a.
the penalty for you, leave the penalty line on on line 58. 6) Any additional child tax credit on line 63.
your return blank. Do not file Form 2210. If you
4) Any uncollected social security, Medicare, 7) Any credit for federal tax on fuels from
want to figure your penalty, complete Part I, Part
or railroad retirement tax included on line Form 4136 included on line 65.
II, and either Part III or Part IV of Form 2210. See
61.
Reasons for filing to determine whether you Your total tax on Form 1040A is the amount
should file Form 2210. If you use Form 2210, 5) Any earned income credit on line 64. on line 36 minus the amount on lines 39a and
you cannot file Form 1040EZ. 40. Your total tax on Form 1040EZ is the amount
6) Any additional child tax credit on line 66.
On Form 1040, enter the amount of your on line 11 minus the amount on line 9a.
penalty on line 74. If you owe tax on line 73, add 7) Any credit for federal tax on fuels from
the penalty to your tax due and show your total Form 4136 included on line 68.
payment on line 73. If you are due a refund,
Your total tax on Form 1040A is the amount
subtract the penalty from the overpayment you
show on line 70.
on line 38 minus the amount on lines 41 and 42. Figuring Your Required
Your total tax on Form 1040EZ is the amount on
On Form 1040A, enter the amount of your
penalty on line 48. If you owe tax on line 47, add
line 10 minus the amount on line 8. Annual Payment
the penalty to your tax due and show your total
Paid through withholding. For 2002, the Figure your required annual payment in Part II of
payment on line 47. If you are due a refund,
amount you paid through withholding on Form Form 2210, following the line-by-line instruc-
subtract the penalty from the overpayment you
1040 is the amount on line 62 plus any excess tions. If you rounded the entries on your return to
show on line 44.
social security or railroad retirement tax with- whole dollars, you can round on Form 2210.
Lowering or eliminating the penalty. You holding on line 65. On Form 1040A, the amount
may be able to lower or eliminate your penalty if you paid through withholding is the amount on Example 4.4. The tax on Ivy Fields’ 2001
you file Form 2210. You must file Form 2210 line 39, plus any excess social security or rail- return was $10,000 (her AGI was not more than
with your return if any of the following applies. road retirement tax withholding included in the $150,000). The tax on her 2002 return (Form
Chapter 4 Underpayment Penalty for 2002 Page 37

1040, line 42) is $11,000. She does not claim you cannot use your actual withholding during
any credits or pay any other taxes.
For 2002, Ivy had $1,600 income tax with-
each period to figure your payments for each
period. These methods, which may give you a
Regular Method for
held and paid $6,800 estimated tax. Her total
payments were $8,400. 90% of her 2002 tax is
smaller penalty amount, are explained later Figuring the Penalty
under Figuring Your Underpayment.
$9,900. Because she paid less than her 2001 You must use the regular method in Part IV of
tax and less than 90% of her 2002 tax, and does Form 2210 to figure your penalty for underpay-
not meet an exception, Ivy knows that she owes Completing Part III. Complete Part III follow- ment of estimated tax if any of the following
a penalty for underpayment of estimated tax. ing the line-by-line instructions. apply to you.
She decides to figure the penalty on Form 2210
and pay it with her $2,600 tax balance when she
First, figure your total underpayment for the • You paid one or more estimated tax pay-
year (line 19) by subtracting the total of your ments on a date other than the due date.
files her tax return.
withholding and estimated tax payments (line
Ivy’s required annual payment is $9,900
18) from your required annual payment (Part II, • You paid at least one, but less than four,
($11,000 × 90%) because that is smaller than installments of estimated tax.
her 2001 tax. line 15). Then figure the penalty you would owe
Ivy’s filled-in Form 2210 is shown at the end if the underpayment remained unpaid up to April • You paid estimated tax payments in une-
of this chapter. Her required annual payment of 15, 2003. This amount (line 20) is the maximum qual amounts.
estimated tax penalty on your underpayment.
$9,900 is shown on line 14. • You use the annualized income install-
Next, figure any part of the maximum penalty ment method to figure your underpayment
Different 2001 filing status. If you file a sepa- you do not owe (line 21) because your un-
rate return for 2002, but you filed a joint return for each payment period.
derpayment was paid before the due date of
with your spouse for 2001, see 2001 joint return your return. For example, if you filed your 2002 • You use your actual withholding during
and 2002 separate returns, earlier, to figure the each payment period to figure your pay-
return and paid the tax balance on April 3, 2003,
amount to enter as your 2001 tax on line 14 of ments.
you do not owe the penalty for the 12-day period
Form 2210.
from April 4 through April 15. Therefore, you
would figure the amount to enter on line 21 using If you use the regular method, figure your
12 days. underpayment for each payment period in Sec-
tion A, then figure your penalty for each payment
Short Method for Finally, subtract from the maximum penalty
amount (line 20) any part you do not owe (line
period in Section B.
Figuring the Penalty 21). The result (line 22) is the penalty you owe.
Figuring Your Underpayment
Enter that amount on line 74 of Form 1040 or
You may be able to use the short method in Part line 48 of Form 1040A. Attach Form 2210 to your (Section A of Part IV)
III of Form 2210 to figure your penalty for un- return only if you checked one of the boxes in
Part I. Figure your underpayment of estimated tax for
derpayment of estimated tax. If you qualify to
each payment period in Section A following the
use this method, it will result in the same penalty
Example 4.5. The facts are the same as in line-by-line instructions. Complete each line for
amount as the regular method. However, either
Example 4.4. Ivy paid her estimated tax pay- a payment period column before completing the
the annualized income installment method or
ments in four installments of $1,700 ($6,800 ÷ 4) next column.
the actual withholding method, explained later,
may result in a lower penalty. each on the dates they were due.
You can use the short method only if you Required installment. Your required pay-
Ivy qualifies to use the short method to figure ment for each payment period (line 23) is usually
meet one of the following requirements. her estimated tax penalty. Using the annualized one-fourth of your required annual payment
income installment method or actual withholding (Part II, line 15). However, if you are using the
1) You made no estimated tax payments for
2002 (it does not matter whether you had will not give her a smaller penalty amount be- annualized income installment method (de-
income tax withholding), or cause her income and withholding were distrib- scribed later), first complete Schedule AI (Form
uted evenly throughout the year. Therefore, she 2210), and then enter the amounts from line 25
2) You paid estimated tax in four equal figures her penalty in Part III of Form 2210 and of that schedule on line 23 of Form 2210.
amounts on the due dates. leaves Part IV (not shown) blank.
Ivy figures her $1,500 total underpayment for Payments. On line 24, enter in each column
Note. If any payment was made earlier than the year (line 19) by subtracting the total of her the total of:
the due date, you can use the short method, but withholding and estimated tax payments
using it may cause you to pay a larger penalty ($8,400) from her $9,900 required annual pay- 1) Your estimated tax paid after the due date
than using the regular method. If the payment ment (Part II, line 15). The maximum penalty on for the previous column and by the due
was only a few days early, the difference is likely her underpayment (line 20) is $56 ($1,500 × date shown, and
to be small. .03713). 2) One-fourth of your withholding.
If you do not meet either requirement, figure
Ivy plans to file her return and pay her $2,600
your penalty using the regular method in Part IV, For special rules for figuring your payments, see
tax balance on March 16, 2003, 30 days before the instructions for Form 2210.
Form 2210.
April 15. Therefore, she does not owe part of the
You cannot use the short method if any of If you file Form 1040, your withholding is the
the following applies. maximum penalty amount. The part she does
amount on line 62, plus any excess social secur-
not owe (line 21) is figured as follows.
ity or railroad retirement tax withholding on line
1) You made any estimated tax payments 65. If you file Form 1040A, your withholding is
late. $1,500 × 30 × .00014 = $6
the amount on line 39, plus any excess social
2) You checked the box on line 1b or 1c in Ivy subtracts the $6 from the $56 maximum security or railroad retirement tax withholding
Part I of Form 2210. penalty and enters the result, $50, on line 22 and included in the total on line 43.
on line 74 of her Form 1040. She adds $50 to her Actual withholding method. Instead of us-
3) You are filing Form 1040NR or
$2,600 tax balance and enters the result, $2,650 ing one-fourth of your withholding for each quar-
1040NR – EZ and you did not receive
on line 73 of her Form 1040. Ivy files her return ter, you can choose to use the amounts actually
wages as an employee subject to U.S. in-
on March 16 and attaches a check for $2,650. withheld by each due date. You can make this
come tax withholding.
Because Ivy did not check any of the boxes in choice separately for the tax withheld from your
If you use the short method, you can- Part I, she does not attach Form 2210 to her tax wages and for all other withholding.
return.
! not use the annualized income install-
Ivy’s filled-in Form 2210, Part III is shown at
Using your actual withholding may result in a
CAUTION
ment method to figure your smaller penalty if most of your withholding oc-
underpayment for each payment period. Also, the end of this chapter. curred early in the year.

If you use your actual withholding, you must Example 4.6. Ben Brown’s 2002 total tax ment for either the first or second period, but he
check the box on line 1c, Part I of Form 2210 and (Form 1040, line 61) is $7,031, the total of his paid $1,000 each on September 2, 2002, and
complete Form 2210 and file it with your return. $4,685 income tax and $2,346 self-employment January 12, 2003, for the third and fourth peri-
tax. (His 2001 AGI was less than $150,000.) He ods. Because the total of his withholding and
does not owe any other taxes or claim any cred- estimated tax payments, $5,228 ($3,228 +
Regular Installment Method its other than for withholding. His 2001 tax was $1,000 + $1,000), was less than 90% of his 2002
$6,116. tax ($6,328), and was also less than his 2001 tax
The filled-in form for the following example is Ben’s employer withheld $3,228 income tax ($6,116), Ben knows he owes a penalty for un-
shown at the end of this chapter. during 2002. Ben made no estimated tax pay- derpayment of estimated tax. He decides to fig-
Table 4 –1. Calendar to Determine the Number of Days a Payment is Late

Instructions. First, find the number for the payment due date. Then, find the number for the date the payment was made. Finally, subtract
the payment due date number from the payment due date number. The result is the number of days the payment is late.
Example. The payment due date is June 15 (61). The payment was made on November 4 (203). The payment is 142 days late (203 – 61).
Tax Year 2002
Day of 2002 2002 2002 2002 2002 2002 2002 2002 2002 2003 2003 2003 2003
Month April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.
1 16 47 77 108 139 169 200 230 261 292 320 351
2 17 48 78 109 140 170 201 231 262 293 321 352
3 18 49 79 110 141 171 202 232 263 294 322 353
4 19 50 80 111 142 172 203 233 264 295 323 354
5 20 51 81 112 143 173 204 234 265 296 324 355
6 21 52 82 113 144 174 205 235 266 297 325 356

7 22 53 83 114 145 175 206 236 267 298 326 357
8 23 54 84 115 146 176 207 237 268 299 327 358
9 24 55 85 116 147 177 208 238 269 300 328 359
10 25 56 86 117 148 178 209 239 270 301 329 360
11 26 57 87 118 149 179 210 240 271 302 330 361

12 27 58 88 119 150 180 211 241 272 303 331 362
13 28 59 89 120 151 181 212 242 273 304 332 363
14 29 60 90 121 152 182 213 243 274 305 333 364
15 0 30 61 91 122 153 183 214 244 275 306 334 365
16 1 31 62 92 123 154 184 215 245 276 307 335

17 2 32 63 93 124 155 185 216 246 277 308 336
18 3 33 64 94 125 156 186 217 247 278 309 337
19 4 34 65 95 126 157 187 218 248 279 310 338
20 5 35 66 96 127 158 188 219 249 280 311 339
21 6 36 67 97 128 159 189 220 250 281 312 340

22 7 37 68 98 129 160 190 221 251 282 313 341
23 8 38 69 99 130 161 191 222 252 283 314 342
24 9 39 70 100 131 162 192 223 253 284 315 343
25 10 40 71 101 132 163 193 224 254 285 316 344
26 11 41 72 102 133 164 194 225 255 286 317 345

27 12 42 73 103 134 165 195 226 256 287 318 346
28 13 43 74 104 135 166 196 227 257 288 319 347
29 14 44 75 105 136 167 197 228 258 289 348
30 15 45 76 106 137 168 198 229 259 290 349
31 46 107 138 199 260 291 350

ure the penalty on Form 2210 and pay it with his Example 4.7. The facts are the same as in There are two rate periods to figure the pen-
$1,803 tax balance ($7,031 − $5,228) when he Example 4.6, except that Ben did not receive his alty. Use Rate Period 1 (lines 32 and 33) to
files his tax return on April 15, 2003. income evenly throughout the year. Therefore, apply the 6% rate in effect between April 16,
Ben’s required annual payment (Part II, line he decides to figure his required installment for 2002, and December 31, 2002. Use Rate Period
15) is $6,116. Because his income and withhold- each period (line 23 of Form 2210) using the 2 (lines 34 and 35) to apply the 5% rate in effect
ing were distributed evenly throughout the year, annualized income installment method. between January 1, 2003, and April 15, 2003.
Ben enters one-fourth of his required annual Ben’s filled-in Schedule AI and Part IV of
payment, $1,529, in each column of line 23. On Form 2210 using this method are shown at the Aid for counting days. Table 4 – 1 provides a
line 24, he enters one-fourth of his withholding, end of this chapter. simple method to count the number of days
$807 in the first two columns and $1,807 ($807 Ben’s wages during 2002 were $21,000 between payment dates or between a due date
plus $1,000 estimated tax payment) in the last ($1,750 a month). His net earnings from a busi- and a payment date.
two columns. ness he started during the year were $16,600,
received as follows: 1) Find the number for the date the payment
Ben has an underpayment (line 30) for each
was due.
payment period even though his withholding and
April through May $4,600
estimated tax payments for the third and fourth 2) Find the number for the date the payment
June through August 4,000
periods were more than his required install- September through December 8,000 was made.
ments (line 23). This is because the estimated
Before Ben can figure his adjusted gross 3) Subtract the due date “number” from the
tax payments made in the third and fourth peri-
income for each period (line 1 of Schedule AI), payment date “number.”
ods are first applied to underpayments for the
earlier periods. Part IV, Section A, of Ben’s Form he must figure his deduction for self-employ- For example, if a payment was due on June
2210 is shown at the end of this chapter. ment tax for each period. He completes Part II of 15 (61), but was not paid until November 4
Schedule AI first. (203), the payment was 142 (203 − 61) days
Ben had no self-employment income for the late.
Annualized Income Installment first period, so he leaves the lines in that column
Method (Schedule AI) blank. His self-employment income was $4,600 Payments. Before completing Section B,
for the second period, $8,600 ($4,600 + $4,000) make a list of the payments you made after the
If you did not receive your income evenly for the third period, and $16,600 ($8,600 + due date (or the last day payments could be
throughout the year (for example, your income $8,000) for the fourth period. He multiplies each made on time) for the earliest payment period an
from a repair shop you operated was much amount by 92.35% (.9235) to find the amounts underpayment occurred. For example, if you
larger in the summer than it was during the rest to enter on line 26. He then fills out the rest of had an underpayment for the first payment pe-
of the year), you may be able to lower or elimi- Part II. riod, list your payments after April 15, 2002. You
nate your penalty by figuring your underpayment Ben figures the amounts to enter on line 1 of can use the tables in the Form 2210 instructions
using the annualized income installment Schedule AI as follows: to make your list. Follow those instructions for
method. Under this method, your required in- listing income tax withheld and payments made
stallment (line 23) for one or more payment 1st Column — 1/1/02 to 3/31/02:
with your return. Use the list to determine when
periods may be less than one-fourth of your $1,750 per month × 3 months . . . . . . . $5,250
each underpayment was paid.
required annual payment. 2nd Column — 1/1/02 to 5/31/02:
To figure your underpayment using this $1,750 per month × 5 months . . . . . . . $8,750 Underpayment paid in two or more parts. If
method, complete Schedule AI of Form 2210. Plus: Self-employment income an underpayment was paid in two or more parts
The schedule annualizes your tax at the end of through 5/31/02 . . . . . . . . . . 4,600 on different dates, you must figure the penalty
each payment period based on your income, Less: Self-employment tax deduction
($1,560 ÷ 4.8) . . . . . . . . . . . . (325)
separately for each part. (You may find it helpful
deductions, and other items relating to events to show the underpayment on line 30, Section A,
$13,025
that occurred since the beginning of the tax year 3rd Column — 1/1/02 to 8/31/02: broken down into the parts paid on different
through the end of the period. $1,750 per month × 8 months $14,000 dates.)
If you use the annualized income installment Plus: Self-employment income
method, you must check the box on line 1b of through 8/31/02 . . . . . . . . . . 8,600 Figuring the penalty. Form 2210 for 2002
Form 2210. You also must attach Form 2210 Less: Self-employment tax deduction has 2 rate periods. Figure the underpayment
and Schedule AI to your return. ($1,822 ÷ 3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . (607) penalty by applying the appropriate rate against
$21,993 each underpayment shown on line 30. If an
If you use Schedule AI for any payment 4th Column — 1/1/02 to 12/31/02:
underpayment remained unpaid for more than
! due date, you must use it for all pay- $1,750 per month × 12 months . . . . . . $21,000
Plus: Self-employment income one rate period, the penalty on that underpay-
CAUTION
ment due dates.
through 12/31/02 . . . . . . . . . . 16,600 ment will be figured using more than one rate.
Less: Self-employment tax deduction Use lines 32 and 34 to figure the number of
Completing Schedule AI of Form 2210. Fol- ($2,346 ÷ 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . (1,173) days the underpayment remained unpaid. (Also
low your Form 2210 instructions to complete $36,427 see Table 4 – 1.) Use lines 33 and 35 to figure
Schedule AI. For each period shown on Sched- Ben completes the rest of Schedule AI to deter- the actual penalty amount by applying the rate
ule AI, figure your income and deductions based mine the amounts to put on Form 2210, line 23. against the underpayment for the number of
on your method of accounting. If you use the Ben then figures his underpayment in Part days it remained unpaid.
cash method of accounting (used by most peo- IV, Section A. He finds that he overpaid his If an underpayment remained unpaid for the
ple), include all income actually or constructively estimated tax for the first payment period, but he entire period, use Table 4 – 2 to determine the
received during the period and all deductions underpaid his estimated tax for the other three number of days to enter for each period.
actually paid during the period. periods. Example 4.9 illustrates how Ben com-
pletes Part IV, Section B, of his Form 2210. Table 4 – 2
Note. Each period includes amounts from Chart of Total Days
the previous period(s).
• Period (a) includes items for January
Figuring Your Penalty Column Column Column Column
through March. (Section B of Part IV) (a) (b) (c) (d)
line 32 260 199 107 NA
• Period (b) includes items for January Figure the amount of your penalty in Section B,
through May. Part IV of Form 2210, following the instructions. line 34 105 105 105 90
The penalty is imposed on each underpayment
• Period (c) includes items for January shown on line 30, Section A, for the number of
through August.
days that it remained unpaid. (You may find it Example 4.8. In Example 4.6, Ben Brown de-
• Period (d) includes items for the entire helpful to show the date of payment beside each termined that he had an underpayment for all
year. amount on line 30.) four payment periods.

Ben’s filled-in Form 2210 is shown at the end ary 12, 2003, and $166 of his $807 payment on For Rate Period 2, the entire underpayment
of this chapter. This example illustrates Part IV, January 15. On line 30, Ben shows each part of remained unpaid 12 days (January 1, 2003,
Section B, of that form. the underpayment paid on different dates. through January 12, 2003). Ben enters “12” on
Ben’s 2002 tax is $7,031. His minimum re- For Rate Period 1, the entire underpayment line 34 and figures this part of the penalty on line
quired payment for each period is $1,529 remained unpaid 107 days (September 16 35.
($6,116 ÷ 4). His $3,228 withholding is consid- through December 31). Ben enters “107” on line Penalty for fourth period — column (d).
ered paid in four equal installments of $807, one 32 and figures this part of his penalty on line 33. Ben’s $316 underpayment for the fourth pay-
on each payment due date. Therefore, he must For Rate Period 2, $1,000 of the underpayment period was paid on April 15, 2003, with his
make estimated tax payments of $722 each ment remained unpaid for 12 days (January 1 tax return. The entire amount remained unpaid
period. Ben made estimated tax payments of through January 12) and $166 remained unpaid
$1,000 on September 2, 2002, and $1,000 on 90 days (January 16 through April 15, 2003).
for 15 days (January 1 through January 15). Ben Ben enters that number on line 34 and figures
January 12, 2003. He plans to file his return and enters “12” and “15” on line 34 and figures his
pay his $1,803 tax balance ($7,031 tax − $5,228 this part of his penalty on line 35.
penalty for each part of the underpayment on
withholding and estimated tax payments) on line 35. He includes both penalty amounts on Total penalty. Ben’s total penalty for 2002
April 15, 2003. Therefore, he is considered to line 35. on line 36 is $10.48, the total of all amounts on
have made the following payments for tax year lines 33 and 35 in all columns. Ben enters that
2002. Penalty for fourth period (January 15,
amount on line 74 of his Form 1040. He also
2003) — column (d). Ben figures his fourth
adds $10 to his $1,803 tax balance and enters
April 15, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 807 period underpayment as follows.
June 15, 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . 807 the $1,813 total on line 73. He files his return on
September 2, 2002 . . . . . . . . . 1,000 1) Of the $1,807 he paid for the fourth period, April 15 and includes a check for $1,813. Be-
September 15, 2002 . . . . . . . . 807 $1,166 is applied to the underpayment re- cause he used the annualized income install-
January 12, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . 1,000 ment method, he must attach Form 2210,
maining from the third period.
January 15, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . 807 including Schedule AI, to his return and check
April 15, 2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,803 2) That leaves $641 ($1,807 − $1,166) to ap- the box on line 1b of Form 2210.
ply to his fourth period required installment
Penalty for first period (April 15, 2002) — of $1,529.
column (a). Ben’s $722 underpayment for the
first payment period was paid by applying $722 3) The result, $888 ($1,529 − $641) is Ben’s
of his $807 payment on June 15, 2002. The underpayment for the fourth period. Farmers and
$722 remained unpaid 61 days (April 16 through The $888 underpayment was paid April 15,
June 15, 2002). Ben enters “61” on line 32 and 2003, with his tax return. The $888 remained Fishermen
figures this part of the penalty on line 33. unpaid 90 days (January 16 through April 15,
If you are a farmer or fisherman, the following
Penalty for second period (June 15, 2002) 2003). Ben enters that number on line 34 and
special rules for underpayment of estimated tax
— column (b). Ben figures his second period figures his penalty on line 35.
apply to you.
underpayment as follows. Total penalty. Ben’s total penalty for 2002
on line 36 is $60.38, the total of all amounts on 1) The penalty for underpaying your 2002 es-
1) Of the $807 he paid for the second period,
lines 33 and 35 in all columns. Ben enters that timated tax will not apply if you file your
$722 is applied to the underpayment re-
amount on line 74 of his Form 1040. He also return and pay all the tax due by March 1,
maining from the first period.
adds $60 to his $1,803 tax balance and enters 2003. If you are a fiscal year taxpayer, the
2) That leaves $85 ($807 − $722) to apply to the $1,863 total on line 73. He files his return on penalty will not apply if you file your return
his second period required installment of April 15 and includes a check for $1,863. He and pay the tax due by the first day of the
$1,529. keeps his completed Form 2210 for his records. third month after the end of your tax year.
3) The result, $1,444 ($1,529 − $85) is Ben’s 2) Any penalty you owe for underpaying your
underpayment for the second period. Example 4.9. In Example 4.7, Ben Brown’s
first underpayment was for the second payment 2002 estimated tax will be figured from
The $1,444 underpayment is paid in two period. one payment due date, January 15, 2003.
parts by applying the $1,000 paid on September Ben’s filled-in Schedule AI and Part IV of 3) The underpayment penalty for 2002 is fig-
2 and $444 of his $807 September 15 payment. Form 2210 are shown at the end of this chapter. ured on the difference between the
To help him figure his penalty, Ben shows each This example illustrates completion of Part IV, amount of 2002 withholding plus estimated
part of the underpayment paid on different dates Section B, of Ben’s Form 2210 under the annu- tax paid by the due date and the smaller
on line 30. alized income installment method. of:
$1,000 of the underpayment remained un- Ben made the same payments listed in the
paid for 79 days (June 16 through September 2) table in Example 4.8. a) 100% of the tax shown on your 2001
and $444 remained unpaid for 92 days (June 16 return, or
through September 15). Ben enters “79” and Penalty for second period — column (b).
Ben’s $456 underpayment for the second pay- b) 662/3% (rather than 90%) of your 2002
“92” on line 32. He figures this part of the penalty
on line 33 by adding the result of the two penalty ment period was paid by applying $456 of his tax.
computations. $1,000 September 2, 2002 payment. To help
him figure his penalty, Ben shows the date the Even if these special rules apply to you, you
Penalty for third period (September 15, will not owe the penalty if you meet either of
underpayment was paid on line 30.
2002) — column (c). Ben figures his third the two conditions discussed earlier under Ex-
period underpayment as follows. The entire underpayment remained unpaid
for 79 days (June 16 through September 2). Ben ceptions.
1) Of the $1,807 he paid for the third period, enters “79” on line 32 and figures this part of his See chapter 2 to see whether you are a
$1,444 is applied to the underpayment re- penalty on line 33. farmer or fisherman who is eligible for these
maining from the second period. special rules.
Penalty for third period — column (c).
2) That leaves $363 ($1,807 − $1,444) to ap- Ben’s $34 underpayment for the third payment
ply to his third period required installment period was paid by applying $34 of his $1,000 Form 2210 – F. Use Form 2210 – F to figure
of $1,529. payment on January 12, 2003. any underpayment penalty. Do not attach it to
For Rate Period 1, the entire underpayment your return unless you check box 1a or box 1b.
3) The result, $1,166 ($1,529 − $363) is Also, if neither box applies to you and you owe a
remained unpaid 107 days (September 16
Ben’s underpayment for the third period.
through December 31, 2002). Ben enters “107” penalty, you do not need to complete Form
The $1,166 underpayment is paid in two on line 32 and figures this part of the penalty on 2210 – F. The IRS can figure your penalty and
parts by applying his $1,000 payment on Janu- line 33. send you a bill.

4) Subtract this amount from the total penalty 2) Complete line 2 through line 19 without
Waiver of Penalty you figured without regard to the waiver.
Enter the result on line 22 (line 36 for the
regard to the waiver.
3) Write the amount you want waived in pa-
The IRS can waive the penalty for underpay- regular method).
rentheses on the dotted line next to line
ment if either of the following applies. 5) Attach Form 2210 and a statement to your 20.
return explaining the reasons you were un-
1) You did not make a payment because of a 4) Subtract this amount from the total penalty
able to meet the estimated tax require-
casualty, disaster, or other unusual cir- you figured without regard to the waiver.
ments and the time period for which you
cumstance and it would be inequitable to Enter the result on line 20.
are requesting a waiver.
impose the penalty.
5) Attach Form 2210 – F and a statement to
6) If you are requesting a penalty waiver due
2) You retired (after reaching age 62) or be- your return explaining the reasons you
to a casualty, disaster, or other circum-
came disabled in 2001 or 2002 and both were unable to meet the estimated tax re-
stance, include supporting documentation,
the following requirements are met. quirements.
such as police and insurance company re-
a) You had a reasonable cause for not ports. 6) If you are requesting a penalty waiver due
making the payment, and to a casualty, disaster, or other circum-
7) If you are requesting a penalty waiver due
stance, include supporting documentation,
b) Your underpayment was not due to will- to retirement or disability, attach documen-
such as police and insurance company re-
ful neglect. tation that shows your retirement date (and
ports.
your age on that date) or the date you
became disabled. 7) If you are requesting a penalty waiver due
How to request a waiver. To request a to retirement or disability, attach documen-
waiver, you must complete Form 2210 as fol- The IRS will review the information you pro-
tation that shows your retirement date (and
lows. vide and will decide whether or not to grant your
your age on that date) or the date you
request for a waiver.
became disabled.
1) Check the box on line 1a.
Farmers and fishermen. To request a
2) Complete line 2 through line 21 (or through The IRS will review the information you pro-
waiver, you must complete Form 2210 – F as
vide and will decide whether or not to grant your
line 35 if you use the regular method) with- follows.
request for a waiver.
out regard to the waiver.
1) Check the box on line 1a.
3) Write the amount you want waived in pa-
rentheses on the dotted line next to line 22
(line 36 for the regular method).

2210
OMB No. 1545-0140
Form
Underpayment of

Estimated Tax by Individuals, Estates, and Trusts
䊳 See separate instructions.
2002
Attachment
Internal Revenue Service 䊳 Attach to Form 1040, 1040A, 1040NR, 1040NR-EZ, or 1041. Sequence No. 06
Name(s) shown on tax return Identifying number
Ivy Fields 222 - 00 - 2222
In most cases, you do not need to file Form 2210. The IRS will figure any penalty you owe and send you a bill.
File Form 2210 only if one or more boxes in Part I apply to you. If you do not need to file Form 2210, you still
may use it to figure your penalty. Enter the amount from Part III, line 22, or Part IV, line 36, on the penalty line
of your return, but do not attach Form 2210.
Part I Reasons for Filing—If 1a, 1b, or 1c below applies to you, you may be able to lower or eliminate your
penalty. But you must check the boxes that apply and file Form 2210 with your tax return. If 1d below
applies to you, check that box and file Form 2210 with your tax return.
1 Check whichever boxes apply (if none apply, see the text above Part I and do not file Form 2210):
a You request a waiver. In certain circumstances, the IRS will waive all or part of the penalty. See Waiver of Penalty on
page 1 of the instructions.
b You use the annualized income installment method. If your income varied during the year, this method may reduce the
amount of one or more required installments. See page 4 of the instructions.
c You had Federal income tax withheld from wages and, for estimated tax purposes, you treat the withheld tax as paid on
the dates it was actually withheld, instead of in equal amounts on the payment due dates. See the instructions for
line 23 on page 2.
d Your required annual payment (line 15 below) is based on your 2001 tax and you filed or are filing a joint return for either
2001 or 2002 but not for both years.
Part II Required Annual Payment Example 4.4
2 Enter your 2002 tax after credits (see page 2 of the instructions) 2 11,000
3 Other taxes (see page 2 of the instructions) 3
4 Add lines 2 and 3 4 11,000
5 Earned income credit 5
6 Additional child tax credit 6
7 Credit for Federal tax paid on fuels 7
8 Health insurance credit for eligible recipients 8
9 Add lines 5 through 8 9 -0-
10 Current year tax. Subtract line 9 from line 4 10 11,000
11 Multiply line 10 by 90% (.90) 11 9,900
12 Withholding taxes. Do not include any estimated tax payments on this line (see page 2 of the
instructions) 12 1,600
13 Subtract line 12 from line 10. If less than $1,000, stop here; you do not owe the penalty. Do not
file Form 2210 13 9,400
14 Enter the tax shown on your 2001 tax return (112% of that amount if the adjusted gross income
shown on that return is more than $150,000, or, if married filing separately for 2002, more than
$75,000). Caution: See page 2 of the instructions 14 10,000
15 Required annual payment. Enter the smaller of line 11 or line 14 15 9,900
If line 12 is equal to or more than line 15, stop here; you do not owe the penalty.
Do not file Form 2210 unless you checked box 1d above.
Part III Short Method (Caution: See page 2 of the instructions to find out if you can use the short method. If
you checked box 1b or 1c in Part I, skip this part and go to Part IV.) Example 4.5
16 Enter the amount, if any, from line 12 above 16 1,600
17 Enter the total amount, if any, of estimated tax payments you made 17 6,800
18 Add lines 16 and 17 18 8,400
19 Total underpayment for year. Subtract line 18 from line 15. If zero or less, stop here; you do
not owe the penalty. Do not file Form 2210 unless you checked box 1d above 19 1,500
20 Multiply line 19 by .03713 20 56
21 ● If the amount on line 19 was paid on or after 4/15/03, enter -0-.
● If the amount on line 19 was paid before 4/15/03, make the following computation to find the
amount to enter on line 21. Amount on Number of days paid
line 19 ⫻ before 4/15/03 ⫻ .00014 21 6
22 Penalty. Subtract line 21 from line 20. Enter the result here and on Form 1040, line 74; Form
1040A, line 48; Form 1040NR, line 73; Form 1040NR-EZ, line 26; or Form 1041, line 26, but do
not file Form 2210 unless you checked one or more of the boxes in Part I above 䊳 22 50
For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see page 5 of separate instructions. Cat. No. 11744P Form 2210 (2002)

2210
OMB No. 1545-0140
Form
Underpayment of

Estimated Tax by Individuals, Estates, and Trusts
䊳See separate instructions.
2002
Attachment
Internal Revenue Service 䊳 Attach to Form 1040, 1040A, 1040NR, 1040NR-EZ, or 1041. Sequence No. 06
Name(s) shown on tax return Identifying number
Ben Brown 333 - 00 - 3333
In most cases, you do not need to file Form 2210. The IRS will figure any penalty you owe and send you a bill.
File Form 2210 only if one or more boxes in Part I apply to you. If you do not need to file Form 2210, you still
may use it to figure your penalty. Enter the amount from Part III, line 22, or Part IV, line 36, on the penalty line
of your return, but do not attach Form 2210.
Part I Reasons for Filing—If 1a, 1b, or 1c below applies to you, you may be able to lower or eliminate your
penalty. But you must check the boxes that apply and file Form 2210 with your tax return. If 1d below
applies to you, check that box and file Form 2210 with your tax return.
1 Check whichever boxes apply (if none apply, see the text above Part I and do not file Form 2210):
a You request a waiver. In certain circumstances, the IRS will waive all or part of the penalty. See Waiver of Penalty on
page 1 of the instructions.
b You use the annualized income installment method. If your income varied during the year, this method may reduce the
amount of one or more required installments. See page 4 of the instructions.
c You had Federal income tax withheld from wages and, for estimated tax purposes, you treat the withheld tax as paid on
the dates it was actually withheld, instead of in equal amounts on the payment due dates. See the instructions for
line 23 on page 2.
d Your required annual payment (line 15 below) is based on your 2001 tax and you filed or are filing a joint return for either
2001 or 2002 but not for both years.
Part II Required Annual Payment Example 4.6
2 Enter your 2002 tax after credits (see page 2 of the instructions) 2 4,685
3 Other taxes (see page 2 of the instructions) 3 2,346
4 Add lines 2 and 3 4 7,031
5 Earned income credit 5
6 Additional child tax credit 6
7 Credit for Federal tax paid on fuels 7
8 Health insurance credit for eligible recipients 8
9 Add lines 5 through 8 9 -0-
10 Current year tax. Subtract line 9 from line 4 10 7,031
11 Multiply line 10 by 90% (.90) 11 6,328
12 Withholding taxes. Do not include any estimated tax payments on this line (see page 2 of the
instructions) 12 3,228
13 Subtract line 12 from line 10. If less than $1,000, stop here; you do not owe the penalty. Do not
file Form 2210 13 3,803
14 Enter the tax shown on your 2001 tax return (112% of that amount if the adjusted gross income
shown on that return is more than $150,000, or, if married filing separately for 2002, more than
$75,000). Caution: See page 2 of the instructions 14 6,116
15 Required annual payment. Enter the smaller of line 11 or line 14 15 6,116
If line 12 is equal to or more than line 15, stop here; you do not owe the penalty.
Do not file Form 2210 unless you checked box 1d above.
Part III Short Method (Caution: See page 2 of the instructions to find out if you can use the short method. If
you checked box 1b or 1c in Part I, skip this part and go to Part IV.)
16 Enter the amount, if any, from line 12 above 16
17 Enter the total amount, if any, of estimated tax payments you made 17
18 Add lines 16 and 17 18
19 Total underpayment for year. Subtract line 18 from line 15. If zero or less, stop here; you do
not owe the penalty. Do not file Form 2210 unless you checked box 1d above 19
20 Multiply line 19 by .03713 20
21 ● If the amount on line 19 was paid on or after 4/15/03, enter -0-.
● If the amount on line 19 was paid before 4/15/03, make the following computation to find the
amount to enter on line 21. Amount on Number of days paid
line 19 ⫻ before 4/15/03 ⫻ .00014 21
22 Penalty. Subtract line 21 from line 20. Enter the result here and on Form 1040, line 74; Form
1040A, line 48; Form 1040NR, line 73; Form 1040NR-EZ, line 26; or Form 1041, line 26, but do
not file Form 2210 unless you checked one or more of the boxes in Part I above 䊳 22
For Paperwork Reduction Act Notice, see page 5 of separate instructions. Cat. No. 11744P Form 2210 (2002)

Form 2210 (2002) Page 2

Part IV Regular Method (See page 3 of the instructions if you are filing Form 1040NR or 1040NR-EZ.)
Payment Due Dates Example 4.6
Section A—Figure Your Underpayment (a) (b) (c) (d)
4/15/02 6/15/02 9/15/02 1/15/03
23 Required installments. If box 1b applies, enter the

amounts from Schedule AI, line 25. Otherwise, enter
25% (.25) of line 15, Form 2210, in each column 23 1,529 1,529 1,529 1,529
24 Estimated tax paid and tax withheld (see page 3 of

the instructions). For column (a) only, also enter the
amount from line 24 on line 28. If line 24 is equal to 807 807
or more than line 23 for all payment periods, stop + 1,000 + 1,000
here; you do not owe the penalty. Do not file Form
2210 unless you checked a box in Part I 24 807 807 1,807 1,807
Complete lines 25 through 31 of one column
before going to the next column.
25 Enter amount, if any, from line 31 of previous column 25
26 Add lines 24 and 25 26 807 1,807 1,807

27 Add amounts on lines 29 and 30 of the previous
column 27 722 1,444 1,166
28 Subtract line 27 from line 26. If zero or less, enter -0-.
For column (a) only, enter the amount from line 24 28 807 85 363 641
29 If the amount on line 28 is zero, subtract line 26 from
line 27. Otherwise, enter -0- 29 -0- -0-
30 Underpayment. If line 23 is equal to or more than 6/15 9/2 1,000 1/12 1,000 4/15
line 28, subtract line 28 from line 23. Then go to line 9/15 444 1/15 166
25 of next column. Otherwise, go to line 31 䊳 30 722 1,444 1,166 888
31 Overpayment. If line 28 is more than line 23, subtract
line 23 from line 28. Then go to line 25 of next column 31
Section B—Figure the Penalty (Complete lines 32 through 35 of one column before going to the next column.)
Example 4.8
April 16, 2002—December 31, 2002 4/15/02 6/15/02 9/15/02
Rate Period 1
Days: Days: Days:

32 Number of days from the date shown above
line 32 to the date the amount on line 30 was 79
paid or 12/31/02, whichever is earlier 32 61 92 107
33 Underpayment on line 30 Number of
(see page 4 of days on line 32 12.99
⫻ ⫻ .06
the instructions) 365 䊳 33 $ 7.24 $ 6.71 $ 20.51
January 1, 2003—April 15, 2003 12/31/02 12/31/02 12/31/02 1/15/03
Rate Period 2
Days: Days: Days: Days:

line 34 to the date the amount on line 30 was 12
paid or 4/15/03, whichever is earlier 34 15 90
(see page 5 of days on line 34
1.64
⫻ ⫻ .05
the instructions) 365 䊳 35 $ $ $ .34 $ 10.95
36 Penalty. Add all amounts on lines 33 and 35 in all columns. Enter the total here and on Form 1040,
line 74; Form 1040A, line 48; Form 1040NR, line 73; Form 1040NR-EZ, line 26; or Form 1041,
line 26, but do not file Form 2210 unless you checked one or more of the boxes in Part I 䊳
36 $ 60.38
Form 2210 (2002)

Form 2210 (2002) Page 3

Schedule AI—Annualized Income Installment Method (See pages 5 and 6 of the instructions.) Example 4.7
Estates and trusts, do not use the period ending dates shown to the right. (a) (b) (c) (d)
Instead, use the following: 2/28/02, 4/30/02, 7/31/02, and 11/30/02. 1/1/02–3/31/02 1/1/02–5/31/02 1/1/02–8/31/02 1/1/02–12/31/02
Part I Annualized Income Installments

1 Enter your adjusted gross income for each period (see instructions).
(Estates and trusts, enter your taxable income without your
exemption for each period.) 1 5,250 13,025 21,993 36,427
2 Annualization amounts. (Estates and trusts, see instructions.) 2 4 2.4 1.5 1
3 Annualized income. Multiply line 1 by line 2 3 21,000 31,260 32,990 36,427
4 Enter your itemized deductions for the period shown in each column.
If you do not itemize, enter -0- and skip to line 7. (Estates and trusts,
enter -0-, skip to line 9, and enter the amount from line 3 on line 9.) 4 1,500 2,500 4,000 6,000
5 Annualization amounts 5 4 2.4 1.5 1
6 Multiply line 4 by line 5 (see instructions if line 3 is more than $68,650) 6 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000
7 In each column, enter the full amount of your standard deduction
from Form 1040, line 38, or Form 1040A, line 24 (Form 1040NR or
1040NR-EZ filers, enter -0-. Exception: Indian students and
business apprentices, enter standard deduction from Form 1040NR,
line 36, or Form 1040NR-EZ, line 11.) 7 4,700 4,700 4,700 4,700
8 Enter the larger of line 6 or line 7 8 6,000 6,000 6,000 6,000
9 Subtract line 8 from line 3 9 15,000 25,260 26,990 30,427
10 In each column, multiply $3,000 by the total number of exemptions
claimed (see instructions if line 3 is more than $103,000). (Estates
and trusts and Form 1040NR or 1040NR-EZ filers, enter the
exemption amount shown on your tax return.) 10 3,000 3,000 3,000 3,000
11 Subtract line 10 from line 9 11 12,000 22,260 23,990 27,427
12 Figure your tax on the amount on line 11 (see instructions) 12 1,504 3,041 3,296 3,814
13 Form 1040 filers only, complete Part II and enter your
self-employment tax from line 34 below 13 1,560 1,822 2,346
14 Enter other taxes for each payment period (see instructions) 14
15 Total tax. Add lines 12, 13, and 14 15 1,504 4,601 5,118 6,160
16 For each period, enter the same type of credits as allowed on Form
2210, lines 2, 5, 6, and 7 (see instructions) 16
17 Subtract line 16 from line 15. If zero or less, enter -0- 17 1,504 4,601 5,118 6,160
18 Applicable percentage 18 22.5% 45% 67.5% 90%
19 Multiply line 17 by line 18 19 338 2,070 3,455 5,544
Caution: Complete lines 20–25 of one column before going to the
next column.
20 Add the amounts in all previous columns of line 25 20 338 2,070 3,455
21 Subtract line 20 from line 19. If zero or less, enter -0- 21 338 1,732 1,385 2,089
22 Enter 25% (.25) of line 15 on page 1 of Form 2210 in each column 22 1,529 1,529 1,529 1,529
23 Subtract line 25 of the previous column from line 24 of the previous
column 23 1,191 988 1,132
24 Add lines 22 and 23 and enter the total 24 1,529 2,720 2,517 2,661
25 Enter the smaller of line 21 or line 24 here and on Form 2210,
line 23 䊳 25 338 1,732 1,385 2,089
Part II Annualized Self-Employment Tax
26 Net earnings from self-employment for the period (see instructions) 26 4,248 7,942 15,330
28 Enter actual wages for the period subject to social security tax or
the 6.2% portion of the 7.65% railroad retirement (tier 1) tax 28 8,750 14,000 21,000
29 Subtract line 28 from line 27. If zero or less, enter -0- 29 26,625 42,600 63,900
31 Multiply line 30 by the smaller of line 26 or line 29 31 1,264 1,477 1,901
33 Multiply line 26 by line 32 33 296 345 445
34 Add lines 31 and 33. Enter the result here and on line 13 above 䊳 34 1,560 1,822 2,346
Form 2210 (2002)

Form 2210 (2002) Page 2

Part IV Regular Method (See page 3 of the instructions if you are filing Form 1040NR or 1040NR-EZ.)
Payment Due Dates Example 4.7
Section A—Figure Your Underpayment (a) (b) (c) (d)
4/15/02 6/15/02 9/15/02 1/15/03
23 Required installments. If box 1b applies, enter the

amounts from Schedule AI, line 25. Otherwise, enter
25% (.25) of line 15, Form 2210, in each column 23 338 1,732 1,385 2,089
24 Estimated tax paid and tax withheld (see page 3 of

the instructions). For column (a) only, also enter the
amount from line 24 on line 28. If line 24 is equal to 807 807
or more than line 23 for all payment periods, stop + 1,000 + 1,000
here; you do not owe the penalty. Do not file Form
2210 unless you checked a box in Part I 24 807 807 1,807 1,807
Complete lines 25 through 31 of one column
before going to the next column.
25 Enter amount, if any, from line 31 of previous column 25 469
26 Add lines 24 and 25 26 1,276 1,807 1,807

27 Add amounts on lines 29 and 30 of the previous
column 27 456 34
28 Subtract line 27 from line 26. If zero or less, enter -0-.
For column (a) only, enter the amount from line 24 28 807 1,276 1,351 1,773
29 If the amount on line 28 is zero, subtract line 26 from
line 27. Otherwise, enter -0- 29 -0- -0-
30 Underpayment. If line 23 is equal to or more than 9/2 1/12 4/15
line 28, subtract line 28 from line 23. Then go to line
25 of next column. Otherwise, go to line 31 䊳 30 456 34 316
31 Overpayment. If line 28 is more than line 23, subtract
line 23 from line 28. Then go to line 25 of next column 31 469
Section B—Figure the Penalty (Complete lines 32 through 35 of one column before going to the next column.)
Example 4.9
April 16, 2002—December 31, 2002 4/15/02 6/15/02 9/15/02
Rate Period 1
Days: Days: Days:

line 32 to the date the amount on line 30 was
⫻ ⫻ .06
the instructions) 365 䊳 33 $ $ 5.92 $ .60
January 1, 2003—April 15, 2003 12/31/02 12/31/02 12/31/02 1/15/03
Rate Period 2
Days: Days: Days: Days:

line 34 to the date the amount on line 30 was
⫻ ⫻ .05
the instructions) 365 䊳 35 $ $ $ .06 $ 3.90
36 Penalty. Add all amounts on lines 33 and 35 in all columns. Enter the total here and on Form 1040,
line 74; Form 1040A, line 48; Form 1040NR, line 73; Form 1040NR-EZ, line 26; or Form 1041,
line 26, but do not file Form 2210 unless you checked one or more of the boxes in Part I 䊳 10.48
36 $
Form 2210 (2002)

• Learn about the benefits of filing electroni- • Services. You can walk in to your local
cally (IRS e-file). IRS office to ask tax questions or get help
5. • Get information on starting and operating

a small business.
with a tax problem. Now you can set up an
appointment by calling your local IRS of-
fice number and, at the prompt, leaving a
You can also reach us with your computer message requesting Everyday Tax Solu-
How To using File Transfer Protocol at ftp.irs.gov. tions help. A representative will call you
back within 2 business days to schedule
Get Tax Help TaxFax Service. Using the phone at-
tached to your fax machine, you can
an in-person appointment at your conve-
nience.
receive forms and instructions by call-
You can get help with unresolved tax issues, ing 703 – 368 – 9694. Follow the directions from
order free publications and forms, ask tax ques- the prompts. When you order forms, enter the Mail. You can send your order for
tions, and get more information from the IRS in forms, instructions, and publications to
catalog number for the form you need. The items
several ways. By selecting the method that is the Distribution Center nearest to you
you request will be faxed to you.
best for you, you will have quick and easy ac- and receive a response within 10 workdays after
cess to tax help. For help with transmission problems, call the your request is received. Find the address that
FedWorld Help Desk at 703 – 487 – 4608. applies to your part of the country.
Contacting your Taxpayer Advocate. If you
have attempted to deal with an IRS problem Phone. Many services are available by • Western part of U.S.:
unsuccessfully, you should contact your Tax- phone. Western Area Distribution Center
payer Advocate. Rancho Cordova, CA 95743 – 0001
The Taxpayer Advocate represents your in- • Ordering forms, instructions, and publica- • Central part of U.S.:
terests and concerns within the IRS by protect- tions. Call 1 – 800 – 829 – 3676 to order cur- Central Area Distribution Center
ing your rights and resolving problems that have rent and prior year forms, instructions, and P.O. Box 8903
not been fixed through normal channels. While publications. Bloomington, IL 61702 – 8903
Taxpayer Advocates cannot change the tax law
or make a technical tax decision, they can clear • Asking tax questions. Call the IRS with • Eastern part of U.S. and foreign
up problems that resulted from previous con- your tax questions at 1 – 800 – 829 – 1040. addresses:
tacts and ensure that your case is given a com- • Solving problems. Take advantage of Eve- Eastern Area Distribution Center
plete and impartial review. ryday Tax Solutions service by calling your P.O. Box 85074
To contact your Taxpayer Advocate: local IRS office to set up an in-person ap- Richmond, VA 23261 – 5074
• Call the Taxpayer Advocate at pointment at your convenience. Check
1 – 877 – 777 – 4778. your local directory assistance or CD-ROM for tax products. You can
www.irs.gov for the numbers.
• Call, write, or fax the Taxpayer Advocate order IRS Publication 1796, Federal
office in your area. • TTY/TDD equipment. If you have access Tax Products on CD-ROM, and obtain:
• Call 1 – 800 – 829 – 4059 if you are a

to TTY/TDD equipment, call 1 – 800 – 829 – • Current tax forms, instructions, and publi-
4059 to ask tax questions or to order cations.
TTY/TDD user.
forms and publications.
• Prior-year tax forms and instructions.
For more information, see Publication 1546, • TeleTax topics. Call 1 – 800 – 829 – 4477 to
The Taxpayer Advocate Service of the IRS. listen to pre-recorded messages covering • Popular tax forms that may be filled in
various tax topics. electronically, printed out for submission,
Free tax services. To find out what services and saved for recordkeeping.
are available, get Publication 910, Guide to Free
Tax Services. It contains a list of free tax publi- Evaluating the quality of our telephone serv- • Internal Revenue Bulletins.
cations and an index of tax topics. It also de- ices. To ensure that IRS representatives give
The CD-ROM can be purchased from Na-
scribes other free tax information services, accurate, courteous, and professional answers,
including tax education and assistance pro- we use several methods to evaluate the quality tional Technical Information Service (NTIS) by
grams and a list of TeleTax topics. of our telephone services. One method is for a calling 1 – 877 – 233 – 6767 or on the Internet at
second IRS representative to sometimes listen http://www.irs.gov/cdorders. The first release
Personal computer. With your per- is available in early January and the final release
sonal computer and modem, you can in on or record telephone calls. Another is to ask
some callers to complete a short survey at the is available in late February.
access the IRS on the Internet at
www.irs.gov. While visiting our web site, you end of the call.
CD-ROM for small businesses. IRS
can:
Publication 3207, Small Business Re-
• See answers to frequently asked tax ques- Walk-in. Many products and services source Guide, is a must for every small
tions or request help by e-mail. are available on a walk-in basis. business owner or any taxpayer about to start a
• Download forms and publications or business. This handy, interactive CD contains
search for forms and publications by topic • Products. You can walk in to many post all the business tax forms, instructions and pub-
or keyword. offices, libraries, and IRS offices to pick up lications needed to successfully manage a busi-
certain forms, instructions, and publica- ness. In addition, the CD provides an
• Order IRS products on-line. tions. Some IRS offices, libraries, grocery abundance of other helpful information, such as
• View forms that may be filled in electroni- stores, copy centers, city and county gov- how to prepare a business plan, finding financ-
cally, print the completed form, and then ernments, credit unions, and office supply ing for your business, and much more. The de-
save the form for recordkeeping. stores have an extensive collection of sign of the CD makes finding information easy
• View Internal Revenue Bulletins published products available to print from a CD-ROM and quick and incorporates file formats and
in the last few years. or photocopy from reproducible proofs. browsers that can be run on virtually any
Also, some IRS offices and libraries have desktop or laptop computer.
• Search regulations and the Internal Reve- the Internal Revenue Code, regulations,
nue Code. It is available in March. You can get a free
Internal Revenue Bulletins, and Cumula-
copy by calling 1-800-829-3676 or by visiting the
• Receive our electronic newsletters on hot tive Bulletins available for research pur-
website at www.irs.gov/smallbiz.
tax issues and news. poses.
Page 48 Chapter 5 How To Get Tax Help

To help us develop a more useful index, please let us know if you have ideas for index entries.
Index See “Comments and Suggestions” in the “Introduction” for the ways you can reach us.
A How to figure each I Exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Address change . . . . . . . . . 26 payment . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Itemized deductions: Farmers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Adjustments to income . . . . . 18 How to pay . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Figuring your required
Adjustments to income, Regular installment Withholding allowances annual payment . . . . . . 37
withholding allowances method . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Fishermen . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 6 Required annual Form 2210 . . . . . . . . . . . 37
payment . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Form 2210 – F . . . . . . . . . 41
Annualized income
Underpayment penalty . . . 36 M How to figure . . . . . . . . 36, 40
installment method . . . . . . 23 Married individuals . . . . . . . 4, 16
When to pay . . . . . . . . . . 21 Regular method for
Annuities, withholding on . . . 13 More information (See Tax help)
When to start paying . . . . . 21 figuring . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Assistance (See Tax help) Who must pay . . . . . . . . . 16 Short method for
Excess social security or N figuring . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
B railroad retirement tax Name change . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Waiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Backup withholding . . . . . . . 15 withholding . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Nonresident alien . . . . . . . . 24 Unemployment
Exemption from compensation . . . . . . . . . 14
withholding . . . . . . . . . . . 10
C P
Claiming exemption . . . . . 11 W
Capital gain, tax on . . . . . . . 19 Part-year method of
Exemptions: Waiver of penalty . . . . . . . . . 42
Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2 withholding . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Phaseout . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Commodity credit loans, Penalties: Withholding:
Withholding allowances
withholding on . . . . . . . . . 14 Backup withholding . . . . . . 15 Allowances . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
for . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... 5
Counting days . . . . . . . . . . . 40 False information on Form Alternative method . . . . . . . 5
W–4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Backup withholding . . . . . . 15
Credit card . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
F Underpayment of estimated Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Credits, withholding
Farmer . . 17, 21, 22, 36, 41, 42 tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Commodity credit loans . . . 14
allowances for . . . . . . . . 5, 6
Fisherman . . . . . 17, 21, 22, 36, Credit against income
Cumulative wage method of Pensions, withholding on . . . 13
41, 42 tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
withholding . . . . . . . . . . .. 4 Publications (See Tax help)
Form: Cumulative wage method . . . 4
1040 – ES . . . . . . . 16, 18, 24 Excess social security or
D Filled-in example . . . . . . 28 R railroad retirement tax . . 34
Dependent’s standard 1040 – ES(NR) . . . . . . . . . 17 Railroad retirement benefits, Exemption from . . . . . . . . 10
deduction . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 1041 – ES . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 withholding on . . . . . . . . . 14 Fiscal years . . . . . . . . . . . 34
1099 series . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Regular installment Form W – 4 . . . . . . . . . . 3, 10
2210 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Form W – 4S . . . . . . . . . . 13
E Fringe benefits . . . . . . . . . 11
Eligible Rollover 2210 – F . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
8822 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Gambling winnings . . . . . . 14
Distributions . . . . . . . . . . 13 S Getting the right amount
W – 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Saturday, Sunday, holiday
Estates and trusts . . . . . . . . 17 withheld . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
W – 2G . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 33 rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Estimated tax: Marital status . . . . . . . . . . . 4
W – 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3, 10
Aliens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Self-employment tax . . . . 18, 19 Part-year method . . . . . . . . 4
Filled-in example . . . . . . . 7
Amended . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Sick pay, withholding on . . . . 13 Pensions and annuities . . . 13
W – 4P . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Annualized income Standard deduction for Railroad retirement
W – 4S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
installment method . . . . 23 2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
W – 4V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Blank worksheet . . . . . . 24 Suggestions . . . . . . . . . . ... 2 Rules your employer must
W – 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Credit against income follow . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
W – 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33, 34 Salaries and wages . . . . . . . 3
Separate returns . . . . . . 34
Free tax services . . . . . . . . . 48 T Separate returns . . . . . . . 33
Credit card, payment by . . . 26 Fringe benefits, withholding Tax help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Sick pay . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Divorced taxpayers . . . . . . 34 on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Taxpayer Advocate . . . . . . . 48 Supplemental wages . . . . . 11
Electronic funds Taxpayer identification Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
withdrawal . . . . . . . . . . 26 G number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Two jobs . . . . . . . . . . . . 4, 7
Estates and trusts . . . . . . . 17 Gambling winnings, Tips, withholding on . . . . . . . 11 Underpayment penalty . . . 36
Farmers . . . . . . . . . . . 21, 22 withholding on . . . . . . . . . 14 TTY/TDD information . . . . . . 48 Unemployment
Fiscal year taxpayers . . . . 21 compensation . . . . . . . . 14
Farmers and
fishermen . . . . . . . . . 22 H U ■
Fishermen . . . . . . . . . . 21, 22 Head of household, Underpayment penalty:
Form 1040 – ES . . . . . . . . 24 withholding allowance . . . . . 5 Annualized income
How to figure . . . . . . . . . . 17 Help (See Tax help) installment method . . . . 40
Page 49

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PAGER/SGML Fileid: P505.cvt (17-Jan-2003) (Init. & date)

Page 1 of 49 of Publication 505 13:28 - 17-JAN-2003

Important Changes for 2003 . . . . . . . . .

1. Tax Withholding for 2003 . . . . . . . . 3

and Estimated Salaries and Wages . . . . . . .

Tax Sick Pay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2. Estimated Tax for 2003 . . . . . . . . . . 16

3. Credit for Withholding and

4. Underpayment Penalty for

5. How To Get Tax Help . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Tax Withholding an employee who performs household work in a

Chapter 1 Tax Withholding for 2003 Page 3

Page 4 Chapter 1 Tax Withholding for 2003

Chapter 1 Tax Withholding for 2003 Page 5

Page 6 Chapter 1 Tax Withholding for 2003

Chapter 1 Tax Withholding for 2003 Page 7

Form W-4 Employee’s Withholding Allowance Certificate OMB No. 1545-0010

Department of the Treasury

Cat. No. 10220Q

Page 8 Chapter 1 Tax Withholding for 2003

Form W-4 (2003) Page 2

Table 2: Two-Earner/Two-Job Worksheet

Chapter 1 Tax Withholding for 2003 Page 9

Page 10 Chapter 1 Tax Withholding for 2003

An exemption is good for only one year.

Chapter 1 Tax Withholding for 2003 Page 11

Figure A. Exemption From Withholding on Form W-4

For 2002, did you have a No

Will your 2003 total income be more than the amount

For 2003, will No Single $ 7,800

Will your 2003 income Yes

Page 12 Chapter 1 Tax Withholding for 2003

Union agreements. If you receive sick pay

Chapter 1 Tax Withholding for 2003 Page 13

Page 14 Chapter 1 Tax Withholding for 2003

Chapter 1 Tax Withholding for 2003 Page 15

Page 16 Chapter 2 Estimated Tax for 2003

Figure B. Do You Have To Pay Estimated Tax?

You MUST make estimated

Special Rules for Farmers

Chapter 2 Estimated Tax for 2003 Page 17

Page 18 Chapter 2 Estimated Tax for 2003

Chapter 2 Estimated Tax for 2003 Page 19

2003 Estimated Tax Worksheet (keep for your records)

1 Adjusted gross income you expect in 2003 (see instructions on page 2) 1

3 Subtract line 2 from line 1 3

10 Subtract line 9 from line 8. If zero or less, enter -0- 10

13a Add lines 10 through 12 13a

Page 20 Chapter 2 Estimated Tax for 2003

Chapter 2 Estimated Tax for 2003 Page 21

Page 22 Chapter 2 Estimated Tax for 2003

Chapter 2 Estimated Tax for 2003 Page 23

Page 24 Chapter 2 Estimated Tax for 2003

Chapter 2 Estimated Tax for 2003 Page 25

Worksheet 2.10. (continued) 2003 Annualized Estimated Tax Worksheet

1/1/03 to 1/1/03 to 1/1/03 to 1/1/03 to

Page 26 Chapter 2 Estimated Tax for 2003

come to find their expected adjusted gross in- First Period

Chapter 2 Estimated Tax for 2003 Page 27