Real Time Quality Detection of Vegetables Using Sensors: Key Words: Dimethoate, Organophosphate, Brinjal, Okra

Real Time Quality Detection Of Vegetables
Using Sensors
A. Caroline* A. Anjum Yasmine1, M. Deva2, K.S.Prathyusha3, S. Reya Shruti4, C.D.
Sowndarya5
Assistant Professor, Department of Food Processing And Preservation Technology, School Of
Engineering
Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education, Coimbatore
[email protected], [email protected],[email protected]
ABSTRACT
Quality detector is a hardware which determines the physical and chemical parameters of
the specifically selected vegetables. The aim of this project is to develop a quality detection for
vegetables using sensors. Increase in the population of India, results in higher demand for food
as well as decrease in land for farming. Hence to fulfill the increased demand, food is adulterated
to get more quantity in short period of time. Moreover, pesticides in vegetables are using above
the legal maximum residue limit by farmers to gain more profit in lesser time. Although
pesticides are highly effective on pests but they can reside in an environment. Among the class
of organophosphate pesticides, Dimethoate is widely used in brinjal and okra.dimethoate is an
acetylcholinesterase inhibitor which disables cholinesterase, an enzyme essential for central
nervous system function. In this fabrication, the moisture and color sensor is used to identify the
quality of the vegetables, the pesticide sensor is used to determine the level of pesticide sprayed
during off-field and on-field. It was found that the relative percentage deviation between the
value of pesticide free samples and the pesticide containing samples of brinjal and okra are
28.4%, 15.7% and also between pesticide free samples and market samples are 23.5%, 10.7%
respectively. This large variation among different samples shows the presence of pesticide
residue in vegetables. Hence, the system can be successfully used for the detection of pesticide
residues in vegetables. The suggest sensor system is easy, rapid and time undemanding method.
Key words: Dimethoate, organophosphate, brinjal, okra
INTRODUCTION farmers. Also India ranked fourth in the

world in the production of agrochemicals.
India ranked second in the production of
Survey conducted by various institutes
vegetable
and fruits after China with 13.4% of
indicates that 50 -70% of vegetables
total production. Among the total production
production are contaminated with pesticide
of 1.21 billion. There are total of 110.7
residue. Balwider Singh (2016)
million comes under the category of
Increase in the population of India results in used primarily due to their persistence in the
higher demand for food as well as decrease environment Jain, A.V. et al., 2006. At this
in land for farming. Therefore to fulfill the time, the use of OPs and CMs glided due to
increase in demand, food is adulterated to their availability and quick degradation in
get more quality in short period of time. the environment Organophosphorus
Mainly pesticides in crops are using the pesticides have been widely manufactured
legal maximum residue limit by farmers to and used in the world. And they replaced the
gain more profit in lesser time. In this paper, chlorinated pesticides.
design of a prototype is made to sense the
Dimethoate: Dimethoate is a widely used
moisture, color and pesticides
organophosphate insecticide used to kill
approximately. Pesticides are chemical
insects on contact. It was patented and
substances applied to crops at various stages
introduced in the 1950s by American
of cultivation and during the postharvest
Cyanamid. Like other organophosphates,
storage crops. The use of pesticide is
dimethoate is an anticholinesterase, which
intended to prevent the destruction of food
disables cholinesterase, an enzyme essential
crops by controlling agricultural pests or
for central nervous system function.
unwanted plants and to improve plant
quality. Pesticides use in commercial Monitoring of pesticides in vegetables
agriculture has led to an increase in farm samples has increased in vegetable sample
productivity. Despite the wide ranging has increased in last year’s since most
benefits of using pesticides in agriculture countries have established maximum residue
have several incorrect applications can result level(MRL)for pesticides in food products.
in high and undesirable levels of the With the gradual advance of urbanization
compounds in the produce that reaches construction, the procurement of vegetable
consumers. These include inappropriate are most in markets and supermarkets.
selection of pesticides used on foodstuff, However these procurement locations
over use of pesticides and harvesting the almost have no pesticide residues detection
vegetables before the residues has washed device. Nikitha.R et al., (2019)
off after application.
Pesticide selection: However, nowadays EXISITING METHODS

Organochlorine (OC) pesticides were not
There are various methods present for the techniques is the development of sensors to
detection of pesticides in the samples of check different parameters like moisture,
different vegetables. The traditional methods colour and pesticide in vegetables. A
are the laboratory methods like several types proposed sensor system is a self-contained
of chromatography techniques such as gas device that integrates sensing element (e.g.
chromatography, liquid chromatography and moisture sensor, colour sensor and pesticide
further joining different techniques such as sensor) that recognizes the analyte is used to
mass spectrometry with it to get better convert the analog signal obtained into
results. Chromatographic methods attached digital required form. Their low cost, easy
to selective detectors had been traditionally design, smaller size, safety and time
used in pesticide analysis because of their undemanding analysis is the biggest
sensitivity, selectivity, reliability and advantages of the device and make it
efficiency. They are time-demanding and excellent candidate for the development of
laborious, and needs expensive equipments portable device.
and highly skilled technicians. Some other
METERIALS AND
methods are also there like some flow
injection analysis, enzyme linked METHODOLOGY
immunosensor assay and some electro
Dimethoate is (O, O-dimethyl S-[2-
analytical techniques . All these methods
(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl] dithiophosphate)
need lot of time for sample preparation and
in IUPAC used for the analysis.
gives result after some duration of time. This
limitation results into the need of better In this research, various samples of brinjal
detection of pesticide toxicity in vegetables. and okra were collected randomly from the
market. Total 3 samples of each were taken
Over the last decade, significant attention
for the analysis of pesticide residue. The
has been given to the development of sensor
samples from the local organic farm are also
for the detection of pesticide residue as a
being collected to set reference value.
promising alternative. A promising and most
reliable alternative to previous laboratory
Fig1.Block diagram of quality detection system
PROCEDURE  Step3: Then the moisture sensor

 Step1: Power supply is given to the which is fixed near the gas sensor
equipment aurdino ATmega2560 senses the moisture level of
microcontroller get started for vegetables in percentile.
working.  Step4: Finally, the colour sensor
 Step2: When the vegetable is placed T1CS3200 senses the colour of the
in the sample placing tray, first the particular vegetable under the
gas sensor will sense the pesticide concept of RGB. When the MRL
residues in vegetable and passes the level exceeds, it will indicated
information to aurdino, which is through the buzzer and LED.
displayed in LCD in terms of
percentage.
RESULT AND DISSCUSSION
The proposed method determines the moisture, colour and pesticide residues in brinjal and okra
samples collected from both market and organic farms. Three samples of each vegetable are
investigated. It was found that most of the pesticide containing samples show large variation
from the values gets from pesticide free samples. That large variation shows the presence of
pesticide in samples and serious threat to human health. The table (1) shows that the different
percentage values of various samples pesticide containing and also between organic samples and
market samples are more than 5%. Hence, shows the presence of pesticide in both brinjal and
okra samples.

Real Time Quality Detection of Vegetables Using Sensors: Key Words: Dimethoate, Organophosphate, Brinjal, Okra

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Real Time Quality Detection Of Vegetables

Key words: Dimethoate, organophosphate, brinjal, okra

INTRODUCTION farmers. Also India ranked fourth in the

Pesticide selection: However, nowadays EXISITING METHODS

PROCEDURE  Step3: Then the moisture sensor

RESULT AND DISSCUSSION

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