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Written by Youwinconnect in Jamb
PASSAGE I
Contents [hide]
1 PASSAGE I
2 PASSAGE II
3 PASSAGE III
4 PASSAGE IV
5 LEXIS, STRUCTURE AND ORAL FORMS
At this time, something like a thousand kinds of animals (vertebrate animals) can be
said to be in danger of extinction. A few of them have been reduced to this precarious
position by extensive killing but the majority are disappearing only as fast as the
particular kind of untry they need for existence is itself disappearing: and all this at the
hands of man, as often as not bymistake.
There are three species of turtles whose future survival is menaced by the demand for
turtle soup, which would hardly justify the extermination of a giant reptile whose family
has existed for 200 million years. Leopards are in jeopardy because of the fashion for
their skins. As they get rarer, the prices rise and, as leopard skin coats become more
expensive, the demand increases.
No species can long survive the price of N60,000 which a half-grown baby leopard now
carries on its skin. And crocodiles, the longest surviving reptiles, are now dwindling
alarmingly as a result of the fashion in crocodile skin for ladies’ handbags and men’s
shoes.
The human population explosion spreads mankind across the land surfaces of the earth
at an alarming rate. There will be twice as many of us before most of us are dead. Does
this mean no room for wild animals? Of course not. With ingenuity and forethought, a
place can be kept for them. To destroy their habitat is as unnecessary as it would be to
pull down a great cathedral in order to grow potatoes on the site. A campaign to save
what remains is the concern of a new kind of Noah’s Ark – the World Wildlife Fund. It
does not believe that all is lost.
1. The basic causes of the elimination of certain animals from the earth include
A. man’s decision to live in cities and the development of large farmlands
B. extensive killing of animals and the fast disappearance of their favourable habitats
C. man’s penchant for meat and the sale of animals for meat and hides
D. a deliberate battle against Nature and the quest for leopard skin.
2. From the passage, the attitude of the writer can be described as.
A. partial
B. optimistic
C. indifferent
D. pessimistic
5. The sentence there will be twice as many of us before most of us are dead means
A. some increase in human and animal population growth rates
B. mankind is fast spreading across the earth
C. many of us will die as a result of population explosion
D. the population growth rate will double before our death.
PASSAGE II
The 2002 World Cup Competition, also called Korea/Japan 2002, kicked off with a
match between the defending champions, France, and the Senegalese national team
from Africa.
Nobody had given the Senegalese any chance against the star-studded defending
champions but the 1-0 scoreline in favour of Senegal showed that African football can
no longer be taken for granted.
This shocking defeat of France had raised Africa’s hopes of going beyond the first round
of the tournament. So when the Super Eagles of Nigeria filed out against Argentina on
the morning of Sunday, June the second, 2002, many Nigerian football enthusiasts
delayed attending church service to watch the match live on television. As expected, the
Super Eagles put up strong resistance to the Argentinian challenge and the day would
not have ended on a somber note for Nigerians if the momentum had been sustained
throughout the match.
The hope of going beyond the first round, though precarious, was very much alive as
the Eagles were expected to defeat their next opponents, Sweden and England. But
some shortcomings in the Nigerian national team needed to be rectified to brighten their
chances against their next opponents.
First, the defence needed to be strengthened to prevent the opponents from incessantly
terrorizing the goalkeeper. Then the strikers also needed to improve on their lackluster
performance against Argentina, since every Nigerian expected them to overwhelm their
next opponents in the opening rounds. Lastly, rather than gamble with unfit players, a
more creative use of the reserves would be necessary to smooth the way to the next
round.
If World Cup debutants, Senegal ,could nurse the hope of playing in the knock-out
stages of the tournament, then the Eagles should soar instead of being intimidated by
big names,
for no team is invincible.
6. Which of the following captures the writer’s suggestion on how the Eagles could
improve their performance in subsequent matches?
A. Better goalkeeping, a better attack and a stronger midfield.
B. Replacement of injured players, stronger attackers and a rugged defence.
C. Good coaching, more strikers and more defenders.
D. Fair officiating, good goalkeeping and fast players.
PASSAGE III
Attitudes towards the smoking of cigarettes and the consumption of alcohol may be
used to illustrate typical African ethics. Apart from the fact that smoking has now been
linked with lung cancer disease, the African moralist has always regarded smoking as
an indication of moral degradation. A number of people have accepted the moralist idea
on smoking. Some have refrained from smoking, and those who could influence others,
such as parents and religious leaders, have also exerted their influence to prevent
others from smoking.
On the other hand, a good many people have remained indifferent to the moralist view
and have continued to smoke. The same argument has been applied to the
consumption of alcohol. The African moralist, basing his judgement on the behaviour of
a few alcoholics, tends to regard the habit of taking alcohol as a sign of wretchedness.
The moralist holds the view that anybody who forms the habit of consuming alcohol will
never do well in live. While this may be true in respect of a few people in the society, the
fear of the moralist has not been justified. However, the economics is primarily
interested in the habit of smoking and the consumption of alcohol in so far as they give
satisfaction to smokers and drinkers and so generate supply of and demand for tobacco
and alcohol. The economist is interested in knowing how many packets of cigarettes are
consumed and to what extent an increase or fall in consumption could affect production
that is, supply. Similarly, he is interested in how much beer is consumed and how the
supply of beer will adjust to the demand for it. He examines the habits and the
pressures which can lead to the readjustment of wants and the reallocation of resources
to cover the wants. Some moral principles associated with religion tend to lead on to
economic problems.
Followers of certain religions are expected not to consume pork, take alcohol or smoke
tobacco. Devotees of some religious groups, on the other hand, can eat pork while
others are expected to abstain from alcohol and smoking. Strict observance of these
moral rules could cripple the breweries, the cigarette factories and some businesses.
11. The positions maintained by the moralist and the economist can be described as
being
A. at variance
B. very agreeable
C. quite indifferent
D. very passionate
13. It can be concluded from the passage that morality, religion and economy are
A. clearly interconnected
B. certainly different
C. somewhat interconnected
D. certainly unrelated.
14. The view expressed by the writer in the last paragraph is that
A. the number of alcoholics and smokers is certainly increasing
B. more people now abstain from drinking and smoking
C. more people appear to take to drinking and smoking
D. sales of alcohol and tobacco products have improved tremendously.
PASSAGE IV
The passage below has gaps numbered 16 to 25. Immediately following each gap, four
options are provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each gap. A prepared
speech is not easy to deliver, especially if it is not written by the presenter. A …16…(A.
document B. free C. manuscript D. quantum) delivery is one in which the speech has
been written out word for word and is read to …17…(A. a gathering B. a conference C.
a congregation D. an audience). This kind of delivery is usually reserved for very …18…
(A. formal B. genuine C. impromptu D. guaranteed) occasions when exact wording is …
19…(A. conclusive B. critical C. reportive D. speculative), such as the State of the Union
Address or speeches before the United Nations General …20…(A. Negotiation B.
Organization C. Assembly D. Audience). The primary advantage is that the speech may
be highly …21…(A.polished B. advanced C. analogous D. discreet) in terms of word
choice, turns of phrase, and development of ideas. The main disadvantage is that this
type of delivery is difficult to do well. Reading aloud with meaningful …22…(A.
anticipatory B.profuse C. bifocal D. vocal) inflection requires the speaker to be very
familiar with the text. If not, the words will come out in a choppy, expressionless way.
Such poor delivery could destroy any …23… (A. interactive B. restrictive C. positive D.
decisive) effects created by the carefully chosen …24… (A. language B.slang C. dialect
D. rhetoric) Lack of familiarity with the …25… (A. exchange B. text C. note D. context)
could also prevent the speaker from maintaining eye contact with people being
addressed.
26. In spite of his humble beginning, Audu now throws his weight around.
A. Audu is arrogant despite his simple upbringing.
B. Despite his obvious poverty, Audu is a proudman.
C. His noble birth notwithstanding, Audu is a corrupt man.
D. From his poor background, Audu is now a rich man.
28. The elders rebuked Olu for taking issue with his principal.
A. Olu was cautioned for shouting at his principal.
B. Olu was scolded for acting in collusion with his principal.
C. Olu was reprimanded for arguing with his principal.
D. Olu was blamed for issuing a statement denying his principal.
31. Only those who are gullible fall victim to his trickery.
A. saucy B. devastated C. courteous D. astute
43. The company has continued to monopolize the distribution of the products.
A. centralize B. specialize C. liberalize D. regularize
44. A conservative estimate put the number of missing persons at forty.
A. A rough B. An accurate C. A primitive D. An incorrect
45. The agency has sworn to deal with all the apostles of confederation.
A. proponents B. protagonists C. apostates D. opponents.
47. The party supporters vilified the Chairman for the role he played in the crisis that
rocked the party.
A. elected. B. challenged C. condemned D. impeached
50. A few years ago, nobody would have believed that the economy would turn around.
A. deteriorate B. improve C. stagnate D. change
51. Before announcing his retirement, Ochima resolved to settle on account with the
bank.
A. pay back all he owes B. close his account with C. retire his loans from D. get back at
54. The cynics feared that the nation’s nascent democracy would fail.
A. pessimists B. delinquents C. critics D. illusionists
55. The essence of governance is to seek the good and well-being of the majority of the
people.
A. importance B. goal C. characteristic D. secret
56. From what she said, one may infer that she does not like the course.
A. suppose B. realize C. deduce D. agree
57. He shared his room with a person whose behavior was quite nauseating.
A. disrespectful B. disgraceful C. discouraging D. disgusting
In each of questions 61 to 85, fill each gap with the most appropriate option from
the list provided.
61. ‘I can’t stand people prying into my private life’, Ladi said. ‘…,’ (A. Me neither B. Me
too C. I also D. Likewise myself) agreed Agbenu.
63. The reason why he was not offered admission was …(A. because B. that C. when
D. owning to) his results could not be found.
64. Adika… (A. receive B. receives C. has received D. had received) a message from
the club regularly.
65. Three quarters of the people in the village … killed but only half of their huts … ( A.
were/was B. were/were C. was/was) affected.
66. If you saw the photograph of the man, … (A. can B. will C. would D. could) you be
able to identify him?
67. It is bad to take… (A. someone else’s B. someone’s else C. someone’s else’s D.
someone elses’) property without permission.
68. As Obande does not know anyone in this city, he hopes that some kind… (A. men
B.
individuals C. man D. inhabitants) will put him up for the night.
69. Be careful not to… (A lose B. loose C. loss D. lost) this money.
70. How is the new editor… (A. pushing B. going C. getting D. moving) on with his
work?
71. Nowadays, many graduates are not well disposed to teaching,… (A. do they? B.
they are? C. aren’t they? D. are they?)
72. The armed robbers went into the house and robbed the three… (A. women’s
occupants B.
women occupants C. woman occupants D. woman’s occupants).
74. If you would do me this favour, I … (A. will B. shall C. would D. should) be very
grateful.
75. I have the … (A. privilege B. priviledge C. privilege D. privilege) of meeting the
President.
76. My classmate,… (A. that B. whose C. whom D. which) I haven’t seen for years,
wrote to me last week.
77. Four weeks… (A. has been B. are C. were D. is) enough for the police to conclude
their investigation.
78. The woman is one of the … (A. elitists B. elites C. elite D. elitist) of the society.
79. The doctor asked the patient what … (A. is the problem B. the problem was C. the
problem is D. is your problem).
80. He put… (A. a white dozen eggs B. dozen white eggs C. a dozen white eggs D.
white dozen eggs) in a basket.
81. Idakwo ran… (A. lest he almost B. lest he will C. lest he should. D. lest he may)
miss the train.
82. Course … (A. material B. materials C. material’s D. materials’) writers are to reflect
local colour.
83. It was a free-for-all and the students were blamed for taking the law… (A. into their
hands B. in their hands C. into their own hands D. in their own hands).
84. Ali plays… (A. their B. some C. a D. the) violin with remarkable skill.
86. colonel
A. gaol B. colony C. golden D. girl
87. tend
A. jeopardy B. turned C. earned D. caned
88. market
A. get B. mortgage C. enter D. bachelor
In each of questions 89 to 91, choose the option that has a different vowel sound
from the others.
In each of questions 92 to 94, choose the option that has the same consonant
sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined.
92. concrete
A. attend B. anxious C. concern D. consider
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93. chalet
A. college B. chemical C. chairman D. champagne
94. teeth
A. though B. taught C. thought D. tank
In each of questions 95 and 96, choose the option that has a different consonant
sound from the others.
In each of questions 97 and 98, choose the option that has the same stress
pattern as the given word.
97. cement
A. employ (noun) B. interest C. perfect (adjective) D. include
98. typist
A. rebel (verb) B. superb C. refuse (noun) D. propose
In each of questions 99 and 100, the word in capital letters has the emphatic
stress. Choose the option to which the sentence relates.
99. My MOTHER served rice and fresh fish stew for dinner.
A. What of kind of meal did your mother serve for dinner?
B. Did your mother serve rice and fresh fish stew for lunch?
C. What kind of stew did your mother serve for dinner?
D. Who served rice and fresh fish stew for dinner?
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