5

Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 15:
Identifying and Writing
Equivalent Ratios

CO_Q2_Math5_Module15
Mathematics – Grade 5
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 15: Identifying and Writing Equivalent Ratios
First Edition, 2020

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 5
Mathematics
Quarter 2 – Module 15:
Identifying and Writing
Equivalent Ratios
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you can continue your
studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and
discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-
by step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pretests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. These will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding
of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the posttest to self-
check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust
that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, the Notes to the Teacher is
also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how
they can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any
part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and
tests and read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering
the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Good luck and happy learning!

ii
 What I Need to Know

Good day, mathletes!

This module was designed to help you gain understanding and test your
ability in identifying and writing equivalent ratios. Ratios are a helpful tool for
comparing things to each other in Mathematics as well as in real-life
situations. So, it is important to know what they mean and how to use them.
At the end of this module, you are expected to identify and write
equivalent ratios.

So, what are you waiting for? Stay focused and start-up.

What I Know

Directions: Analyze each item carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer
on your answer sheet.

1) When getting a ratio equivalent to a given ratio, we multiply or divide the

two numbers of the ratio by ______________.
A. terms C. common denominator
B. the same number D. fraction

2) What do we call the two ratios that have the same value?
A. equivalent fractions C. quantities
B. equivalent ratios D. terms

3) To generate ratios equivalent to a given ratio, we ____________ a

counting number to both terms of the given ratio.
A. divide & multiply C. subtract & divide
B. multiply & add D. add & subtract

4.) What is the equivalent ratio of 6:4?

1 CO_Q2_Math5_Module15
 A. 2:3 B. 3:2 C. 3:3 D. 2:4

5.) What is the equivalent ratio of 9:3?

A. 1:3 B. 3:4 C. 3:1 D. 1:4

6.) What is the equivalent ratio of 22:6?

A. 66:18 B. 18:66 C. 3:3 D. 2:4
7.) What is the equivalent ratio of 5:22?
A. 44:11 B. 10:43 C. 44:10 D. 10:44

8.) Which of the following are equivalent ratios?

A. 1:2 & 1:5 B. 6:12 & 4:3 C. 15:30 & 1:2 D. 2:3 & 4:9

9.) The equivalent ratio of 2:5 is

A. 6:15 B. 12:18 C. 20:22 D. 24:30

10.) The following are equivalent ratios of 2:7 EXCEPT

A. 4:14 B. 6:21 C. 8:28 D. 10:34

2 CO_Q2_Math5_Module15
 Lesson
Identifying and Writing
1 Equivalent Ratios
To identify and write equivalent ratios, you need to master the skills
on visualizing the ratio of two quantities and fractions, these will help you
gain understanding of the concept of the lesson.
In this module, you will learn what equivalent ratios are and discover
their relationship with fractions. Are you ready to look at some examples?

What’s In

A ratio is a relationship between two numbers. For example, when

people drive, they travel at a certain speed. We usually refer to that speed as
kilometer per hour. That's a ratio because it's a relationship between distance
and time. You have previously studied about visualizing ratios of two
quantities.

You were able to learn also how to write a ratio in three forms, using
the phrase "is to", using a ":" and in fraction form. Recall your knowledge
about it and answer what is asked below by writing the corresponding ratio
in colon form based on the pictures inside the box.

1. pads of paper to notebooks 4. scissors to pads of paper

2. laptops to pencils 5. rulers to laptops
3. rulers to notebooks

3 CO_Q2_Math5_Module15
 What’s New

In the previous lesson, you were taught how to visualize ratios of two
quantities. In this lesson, we will deal with identifying and writing equivalent
ratios.

Two ratios that have the same value are called equivalent ratios. To
find an equivalent ratio, multiply or divide both quantities by the same
number.

Let us consider the situation below:

Activity 1:

David and his elder sister Diana were

assigned to prepare healthy drinks for
their relatives this weekend. They
planned to make 5 cups of fruit punch by
mixing 3 cups of pineapple juice with 2
cups of apple juice. How much pineapple
juice and how much apple juice do Diana
and David need to make four times the
original recipe?

4 CO_Q2_Math5_Module15
 What Is It

In identifying and writing equivalent ratios, you need to bear in mind

that ratios are used to compare numbers. When you’re working with ratios, it
is sometimes easier to work with an equivalent ratio. Equivalent ratios have
different numbers but represent the same relationship.

Let’s try to process and answer the above given situation.

David and Diana need to make 5 cups of juice punch which consists of
3 cups of pineapple juice and 2 cups of apple juice, but it should be four times
𝟑
its original recipe. So, 3:2 or .
𝟐

Method 1: Using table

Step 1: Make a table comparing the numbers of cups of pineapple
juice and apple juice needed to make two times, three times, four
times, and five times (and so on…) the original recipe.

3x2 3x3 3x4

Pineapple Juice 3 6 9 12
Apple Juice 2 4 6 8

2x2 2x3 2x4

In the above table, both terms of the original ratio are multiplied by the
same number to find an equivalent ratio.

Step 2: The last column of the table shows the numbers of cups of the
two juices David needs for four times the original recipe.

Therefore, David and his sister Diana need 12 cups of pineapple juice
and 8 cups of apple juice.

Therefore, we have the equivalent ratio: 3:2 and 12:8

3:2 = 12:8

How can we know that the two ratios are equivalent?

5 CO_Q2_Math5_Module15
 Remember that two ratios a:b and c:d are equivalent if a x d = b x c.
Or the product of the means equals the product of the extremes.

In 3:2 = 12:8, the extremes are 3 and 8, and the means are 2, 12.
Finding the product we have:

3x 8 = 24 and 2 x 12 = 24

Since 3 x 8 = 2 x 12, then 3:2 = 12:8. We can say that 3:2 and 12:8 are
equivalent ratios.

Method 2: Multiply
Step 1: Multiply both the numerator and denominator by any number
depending on what is asked or needed in order to get a ration proportion. In
this case, 4.
𝟑 𝟒 𝟏𝟐
×𝟒=
𝟐 𝟖

Step 2: Write the proportion.

𝟑 𝟏𝟐
=
𝟐 𝟖

Let us take another example:

Example #1:
Compare the ratios 2:3 and 10:15.
Let 𝒂 = 𝟐 , 𝒃 = 𝟑 , 𝒄 = 𝟏𝟎 and 𝒅 = 𝟏𝟓 . If 𝒂 × 𝒅 = 𝒃 × 𝒄 , then the
ratios 𝒂: 𝒃 and 𝒄: 𝒅 are equivalent.
2 × 15 = 30 3 × 10 = 30

Since 2 × 15 = 3 × 10 , then 2: 3 = 10: 15. We say that 2:3 and 10:15 are
equivalent ratios.

6 CO_Q2_Math5_Module15
Example #2:
To get a ratio equivalent to a given ratio, multiply or divide the two
numbers of the ratio by the same number.

Multiply both the 4 2 8

× =
numerator and 6 2 12 Divide both the
denominator by any numerator and
number such as 2. 4 2 2 denominator by any
÷ = number such as 2.
6 2 3

Since 4 × 12 = 6 × 8, then 4: 6 = 8: 12. We can say that 4:6 and 8:12 are
equivalent ratios. Likewise, 4:6 and 2:3 are equivalent ratios.

What’s More

Activity 1:
Directions: Give equivalent ratios for each of the following. Write your
answer on a separate sheet.

5
1.) 11

2.) 7
8

3.) 3
5
4.)
1
6

5.) 4
5

7 CO_Q2_Math5_Module15
Activity 2:
Directions: Identify the equivalent and not equivalent ratios by using
the symbols “=” or "≠”. Write your answer on your answer sheet.

1.) 5 35
9 63

2.) 6:8 3:4

3.) 15 45
18 53

4.) 27:21 45:35

5.) 100 40
35 14

Activity 3:
Directions: Read each item carefully then write a ratio for each of the
following. Then find its equivalent ratio. Express them both as a
fraction.
Example: 2 candies to 1 child

𝟐
Answer:
𝟏

1) 12 plates to 4 spoons
2) 5 pieces of vanilla ice cream to 5 boys
3) 8 umbrellas to 2 ladies
4) 3 shoes to 3 socks
5) 6 baskets of guava to 3 street vendors
6) 4 packs of chocolates to 5 pieces of nuts
7) 5 girls to 9 hairclips
8) 8 glasses to 4 bottles of champagne
9) 2 sachets of shampoo to 3 sachets of toothpaste
10)4 boxes of facemasks to 7 liters of alcohol

8 CO_Q2_Math5_Module15
 What I Have Learned

Two ratios a:b and c:d are equivalent if 1)_______= 2)________.

To generate equivalent ratios, 3)_____________ or 4)_____________

a counting number to both terms of a given 5)_______________.

What I Can Do

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Write two equivalent ratios for
each of the following ingredients.

Gary is a pastry Chef in a famous restaurant. The most requested and

bestseller cake he bakes is the strawberry cake. According to Gary, a perfect
strawberry cake needs 28 fresh strawberries for every 3 cakes. How much
amount of strawberries and how many pieces of cake can he make if he has
an order of 12 cakes to be delivered to a birthday party. Other items listed
below are the necessary ingredients needed to bake a cake which you need to
provide the same equivalent ratio.

1.) 28 fresh strawberries to 3 pieces of cake

2.) 5 cups of sifted flour to 2 teaspoons of baking powder
3.) 2 teaspoons of baking soda to 1 teaspoon of salt
4.) 1 cup of unsalted butter to 5 large white eggs
5.) 2 cups of granulated sugar to 2 vanilla syrup

9 CO_Q2_Math5_Module15
 Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Show your solutions on
an extra sheet of paper.

1.) What is the equivalent ratio of 6:14?

A. 7:3 B. 3:7 C. 3:4 D. 5:4

2.) What is the equivalent ratio of 9:6?

A. 1:3 B. 3:1 C. 3:2 D. 1:5

3.) How will you find the equivalent ratios?

A. add a counting number to both terms of the given ratio
B. divide a counting number to the numerator of the first term
C. multiply a counting number to the denominator only
D. multiply or divide a counting number to both terms of the given ratio

4.) What is the equivalent ratio of 3:8?

A. 15:40 B. 9:16 C. 30:40 D. 6:24

5.) What kind of ratios have different numbers but represent the same
relationship?
A. fraction B. rate C. terms D. equivalent ratios

6.) Which of the following are equivalent ratios?

A. 1:2 & 2:3 B. 7:14 & 4:9 C. 10:20 & 5:10 D. 11:33 & 4:20

7.) The following are equivalent ratios, EXCEPT.

A. 40:70 B. 20:30 C. 10:15 D. 2:3

10 CO_Q2_Math5_Module15
8.) The ratio comparing two different, but related units is called?
A. terms B. rate C. fraction D. equivalent

9.) The following are equivalent ratios of 3:7, EXCEPT.

A. 6:14 B. 9:21 C. 12:42 D. 15:35

10.) Which of the following are equivalent ratios?

A. 3:2 & 21:14 B. 5:12 & 5:60 C. 5:12 & 4:42 D. 3:6 & 2:10

Additional Activities

Directions: Apply what you have learned from the discussion in this
module.

A. Draw if the ratios are equivalent, and if not.

1.) 8:20 12:30

2.) 9:7 27:22
3.) 4:8 1:2 6:12

B. Follow what is asked.

Give Two Equivalent Ratios

Multiply Divide
4.) 3:4

5.) 5:20

11 CO_Q2_Math5_Module15
CO_Q2_Math5_Module15 12
Assessment
1. B
2. C
3. D
4. A
5. D
6. C
7. A
8. B What’s More
9. C Activity 1: Answers will vary
Activity 2:
10. A 1. = 4. =
2. = 5. =
3. ≠
Activity 3: (Equivalent ratios will vary)
What I Can Do Additional 1. 12
28 4 112 4
× = Activities
3 4 12 2. 5
5
5 4 20 3. 8
× = 1. 2
2 4 8
2. 4. 3
3. 3
2 4 8 5. 6
× = 4. & 5.
1 4 4 3
Answers
6. 4
will vary
1 4 4 5
× = 7. 5
5 4 20
9
8. 8
2 4 8 What I Know 4
× =
2 4 8 1. B 9. 2
3
2. B 10. 4
7
3. A
What I Have
4. B
Learned What’s In
5. C 1. 4:6 What Is It
1. axd 6. A 2. 3:6
2. bxc
7. D 3. 7:6 Answers will vary
3. multiply
4. divide 4. 3:4
8. C
5. ratio 5. 7:3
9. A
10. D
Answer Key
References

Gromio, E., De Gracia, M.M. and Perez, R.M., Gureng, R.T. ReSibs. Realistic
Math. Publishing House, Inc. in Quezon City.

Lumbre, A.P. and Ursula, A.C. Placer, D.P., Burgos, J.R. and Sy, R. (2016).
21st Century Mathletes.

13 CO_Q2_Math5_Module15
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