Edexcel Physics IGCSE: Forces and Motion
Edexcel Physics IGCSE: Forces and Motion
Edexcel Physics IGCSE: Forces and Motion
𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 =
𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 =
Distance is measured in ……….. (m), time in seconds (s), speed and velocity in
…………………….. (m/s), and acceleration in ……………………… (m/s2).
In a distance-time graph:
In a velocity-time graph:
Effects of forces:
Forces can change the …………………. or ……………. of a body and they are measured in Newtons (N).
There are various different types of forces (e.g. gravitational, electrostatic).
Friction is a force between two surfaces which ………………….. and results in heating. Air
resistance is a form of friction.
To find the resultant of two or more forces acting along the same
line, they should be added together if in the …………………. and
……………….. if in the ……………direction.
Mass is a measure of how much matter is in an object, measured in kilograms (kg). ……………. is
a gravitational force (the effect of a gravitational field on a mass).
An apple has a mass of 100 g. Calculate its weight on Earth (g = 9.8 N/kg).
When a driver notices a hazard:
The distance travelled in the time between the driving realising he needs to brake and
actually pressing the brakes is called the …………………….. Factors which increase the
thinking distance include:
o Greater ………………………
o Slower reaction time due to alcohol, tiredness or distractions. Reaction time
can also be increased by caffeine, which reduces the thinking distance.
The distance travelled in the time between pressing the brakes and the vehicle coming to
a stop is called the …………………… distance. Factors which increase the stopping distance
include:
o Greater speed or mass
o Poor ……………………………….. (icy, wet) or ………………………… (worn tires, worn brake
pads)
The ……………………………… distance is the sum of the thinking distance and braking distance.
Graph 1
Which sections of the graph show that the object is…
Stationary?
_________________________________________________________________________
Graph 3
Which sections of the graph show that the object is…
Stationary?
_________________________________________________________________________
Graph 4
Which sections of the graph show that the object is…
Stationary?
_________________________________________________________________________
For each of the following situations calculate the resultant force and describe what would happen to
the object:
A) The object is initially stationary