Cadcam Questions

Question One
a) With relevant examples, describe the following in relation to CNC programing (8 marks)
i. Preparatory codes
ii. Miscellaneous codes
iii. Modal codes
iv. Non modal codes
b) Generate and sketch the profile from the following G code (10 marks)
O5678
N02 G90
N03 G21
N04 G00 X0.0 Y0.0
N05 G01 X50.0
N06 G01 X50.0 Y20.0
N07 G02 X25.0 Y45.0 R25.0
N09 G03 X-25.0 Y45.0 R25.0
N10 G02 X-50.0 Y20.0 R25.0
N11 G01 X-50.0 Y0.0
N12 G01 X0.0 Y0.0
c) Describe briefly how a CNC milling center is differentiated from a CNC milling
machine? (2 marks)
d) In reference to numerical control machines, distinguish between DNC and CNC
machines (5 marks)
Question Two
a) Spindle speed control is inevitable in CNC machine operations. Describe the different
kinds of spindle speed control in CNC machines (6 marks)
b) To achieve the desired features and shapes using CNC milling machine requires the use
of more than one type of tool which are stored in the carrousel, and recalled when
needed.
i. Briefly describe the methods used to locate a particular tool in the tool magazine
(carrousel) (6 marks)
ii. Describe the operations accomplished by the following codes (7 marks)
M21
M22
M23
M24
M27
M32
M33
c) Sketch the arrangement of four (4) station tool turret and state one advantage and
disadvantage it possess over a tool magazine (6 marks)
Question Three
a) The G90 and G91 are one of the most common programing codes used in CNC
machining. With an appropriate sketch, explain the outcomes of their execution
(8marks)
b) You are to machine the impeller blades of a turbo charger for a diesel generator engine
using a CNC machine. State the CNC machine tool you would choose to accomplish the
task? Give reasons for your choice (11 marks)
c) Name two electrical components commonly found in CNC machines and for each state
two function they perform? (6 marks)
Question Four
a) List and explains the type of mistakes that can be made during the process of coding on a
CNC machine (6 marks)
b) To drill holes and cut the designed profiles on a work piece on a CNC milling center
requires some basic motions of the tool in relation to the work piece. Briefly write short
notes about them (10 marks)
c) With the aid of sketches, Interpret the following codes G40, G41 and G42 (6 marks)
d) The recirculating ball screw is one of the mechanical components in a CNC machine used
to drive the carriages of the machine. Explain why it is a better design as compared to the
conventional screw and nut design? (3 marks)
Question Five
a) What do you understand by CNC control? In reference to CNC machines, explain open
loop control system and closed loop control system? In case you are to incorporate either
of the control systems in a machine tool, what would be your preference? State reasons
for your choice (15 marks)
b) Write the programing codes you would use to machine the profile below from a metal
plate of thickness 2mm. Name the suitable tool you would use (10 marks)
0. 05m
R= 0.05
0.1 m
Question six
a) With the aid of sketches, briefly write about the different types of reference systems on a CNC
machine (6 marks)
b) Describe the different methods used to verify the integrity of CNC programs (8 marks)
c) Suppose you were a consultant and a client who has won a contract to manufacture and
supply thousands of shaft bushing per month for a period of five years has sought your
expert advice, what type of machine control would you advise him to acquire? State
reasons for your choice of the control system.
(11 marks)
Question Seven
a) The categorization of CNC machines can be based on the number of axes a machine
tool possesses. Describe how you would identify the different axes (5 marks)
b) Describe the procedure you would follow to drill holes at the exact spots and cut the
designed profile to the right size on a CNC milling machine (8 marks)
c) Describe the different approaches/ methods used in the generation of curved profiles
on CNC machines (6 marks)
d) What are ramp on and ramp off motions during cutter radius compensation
operations? As an engineering student, do you think they are relevant? Suggest
reason(s) for your answer (6 marks)

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Question One

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