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    Picornavirus

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    Beatrice Salgado
    Picornavirus includes small non-enveloped viruses with positive-sense RNA genomes that cause a variety of diseases in humans. They have an icosahedral capsid made of 60 subunits and include important pathogens like poliovirus, coxsackievirus, rhinovirus, and enterovirus. Picornaviruses have a replication cycle of 5-10 hours where the viral RNA is released into the host cell and hijacks the cell's machinery to produce new viral proteins and genomes that are then assembled and released through cell lysis. There are over 100 species classified into genera including enterovirus, hepatovirus, cardiovirus, and parechovirus that can cause neurological, respiratory, gastrointestinal

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    Picornavirus

    Uploaded by

    Beatrice Salgado
    44 views3 pages
    Picornavirus includes small non-enveloped viruses with positive-sense RNA genomes that cause a variety of diseases in humans. They have an icosahedral capsid made of 60 subunits and include important pathogens like poliovirus, coxsackievirus, rhinovirus, and enterovirus. Picornaviruses have a replication cycle of 5-10 hours where the viral RNA is released into the host cell and hijacks the cell's machinery to produce new viral proteins and genomes that are then assembled and released through cell lysis. There are over 100 species classified into genera including enterovirus, hepatovirus, cardiovirus, and parechovirus that can cause neurological, respiratory, gastrointestinal

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    Picornavirus includes small non-enveloped viruses with positive-sense RNA genomes that cause a variety of diseases in humans. They have an icosahedral capsid made of 60 subunits and include important pathogens like poliovirus, coxsackievirus, rhinovirus, and enterovirus. Picornaviruses have a replication cycle of 5-10 hours where the viral RNA is released into the host cell and hijacks the cell's machinery to produce new viral proteins and genomes that are then assembled and released through cell lysis. There are over 100 species classified into genera including enterovirus, hepatovirus, cardiovirus, and parechovirus that can cause neurological, respiratory, gastrointestinal

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    44 views3 pages

    Picornavirus

    Uploaded by

    Beatrice Salgado
    Picornavirus includes small non-enveloped viruses with positive-sense RNA genomes that cause a variety of diseases in humans. They have an icosahedral capsid made of 60 subunits and include important pathogens like poliovirus, coxsackievirus, rhinovirus, and enterovirus. Picornaviruses have a replication cycle of 5-10 hours where the viral RNA is released into the host cell and hijacks the cell's machinery to produce new viral proteins and genomes that are then assembled and released through cell lysis. There are over 100 species classified into genera including enterovirus, hepatovirus, cardiovirus, and parechovirus that can cause neurological, respiratory, gastrointestinal

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    Picornavirus = small 10-12

    - Small icosahedral (20 sides), naked ss positive sense, linear, covalently linked to VPg
    - POLIO
    - INSENSITIVE TO ETHER
    COXACHIE
    - ORHPAN
    - RHINO, ENTEROVIRUS
    - RIBONULCIEC ACID
    - One side = 3 surface subunits VP1, 2, 3 major antibody sites (epitopes) VP4 internal
    - Each virion 60 subunits
    - Polio to aseptic meningitis to common cold
    - Each pentameric vertex = canyon (protects against antibodies)
    - Replication
    - Entry then RNA release
    - VPg removed from RNA and goes to ribosomes
    - Enzymes shut off host protein synthesis
    - Viral RNA translation continues instead, since +ss = mRNA
    - Ready to translate coat protein and replication protein
    - Viral encoded cysteine proteases cleave polypeptide to capsid and nonstructural
    protein
    - SYnthesis of RNA initiated by RNA polymerase creating minus strands as
    template for more positive strands
    - Positive strands coupled with VPg = new provirions
    - Package into capsids
    - Host cell lysis and infect other host
    - Multiplication cycle: 5-10 hrs
    - 47 genera, 110 species
    - Genus: ECHAP
    - Enterovirus:
    - Enterovirus A-D (Coxsackievirus, Echo, Enterovirus, Poliovirus)
    - Rhinovirus A-C
    - Cardiovirus - encephalomyocarditis virus
    - Hepatovirus - hepatovirus A
    - Aphtovirus - foot-and-mouth dse
    - Parechovirus - human parechovirus A
    - Neurologic, vesicular and skin, cardio, muscular, ocular, GI, respi, other
    - Subclinical more common than clinical dses
    - Poliomyelitis (7-14 days, 3-35 days)
    - Portal of entry: Mouth
    - Multiplication: tonsils, neck LN, peyer’s patches, SI
    - Excreted in stools for weeks
    - Antibodies appear early
    - Spread across peripheral nerves to lower motor neurons to spinal cord and
    brain
    - Does not multiply in muscle
    - Nerve cell destruction
    - 1. Mild disease - MC, nonsecific
    - 2. Nonparalytic - stiffness and pain in back and neck, rapid & complete recovery,
    may advance to paralysis
    - 3. Paralytic - flaccid paralysis, 6 months max recovery with residual paralysis
    - 4. Progressive postpoliomyelitis muscle atrophy - physiologic and aging changes
    Coxsackievirus A & B
    - IP: 2-9 days
    - Aseptic meningitis, common colds
    - A: cutaneous, herpangina (vesicles), hand foot and mouth (vesicular rash and ulcer),
    acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis
    - B: cardiac, pleurodynia, myalgia, myocarditis, gen infantile dse, aseptic meningitis

    Rhinovirus
    - Common cold, MC
    - URT syndrome
    - Half of asthma exacerbations
    - Enters URT → 2-4 days IP - acute illness 7 days
    - High titers = maximal illness
    - Nonproductive cough 2-3 weeks
    - Amt of virus = severity (direct)
    - Rare in LRT dse
    - Nonspecific, URT, LRT, others (otitis media, sinusitis)

    Minor picorna
    - Echovirus (aseptic meningitis)
    - Parechovirus
    - Enterovirus 70 (acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis)
    - Hepatitis A virus (Diarrhea, liver dse, jaundice ) MC, thru ingestion, more severe in
    adults, IP 4 months
    POLIOVIRUSES
    - Throat, rectal, blood
    - Culture (3-6 days), molecular, serology

    COXSACKIE
    - Throat, blood + stool, nasal, CSF, conjunctiva
    - Culture (5-14 days), molecular (reverse transcriptase), serology

    ECHOVIRUS
    - Throat, rectal, blood + CSF, stools
    ENTEROVIRUS
    - Nasopharyngeal swab, stool, csf, blood
    - Culture, molecular (reverse transcriptase), serology

    RHINOVIRUS
    - Swabof nasopharyngeal or bronchial secretions
    - Culture, molecular
    PARECHOVIRUS
    - Nasopharyngeal swab, bronchoalveolar lavage, blood, CSF, stool
    - Culture (most HPeV frow poor or not at all), molecular, serology

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