Alzheimers Disease NCLEX Questions For Practice

NCLEX-
STYLE
QUESTION
S
ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
1. A CLIENT WITH DEMENTIA IS PRESCRIBED
DONEPEZIL (ARICEPT). WHICH SHOULD THE NURSE
CONSIDER WHEN TEACHING THIS CLIENT ABOUT
THE MEDICATION?
A) DONEPEZIL SHORTENS THE EARLY STAGES OF ALZHEIMER DISEASE.
B) DONEPEZIL IS AN ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR THAT HAS A MODEST
EFFECT IN SLOWING THE PROGRESSION OF ALZHEIMER DISEASE.
C) DONEPEZIL IS AN ANTICHOLINERGIC AND HAS BEEN KNOWN TO ERADICATE
SOME OF THE SYMPTOMS ASSOCIATED WITH ALZHEIMER DISEASE.
D) DONEPEZIL SHOULD BE TAKEN ON AN EMPTY STOMACH.
1. ANSWER: B
• ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS REDUCE ACETYLCHOLINE BREAKDOWN
AND HAVE A MODEST EFFECT IN SLOWING AN INDIVIDUAL'S RATE OF
COGNITIVE DECLINE IN ALZHEIMER DISEASE. SYMPTOMS ARE NOT
ERADICATED, BUT PROGRESSION IS SLOWED. THESE MEDICATIONS SHOULD
BE TAKEN ON A FULL STOMACH, AND ANTIEMETIC MEDICATIONS MAY ALSO
BE NEEDED.
2. THE SPOUSE OF A CLIENT WITH ALZHEIMER DISEASE DOES NOT UNDERSTAND
WHY THE CLIENT DEVELOPED THE DISORDER BECAUSE NO ONE ELSE IN THE
FAMILY HAS THE HEALTH PROBLEM. WHICH RESPONSE BY THE NURSE IS
APPROPRIATE?
A) "ALZHEIMER DISEASE DEVELOPS BECAUSE OF SMOKING AND ALCOHOL

INTAKE."
B) "SOMEONE IN YOUR FAMILY MUST NOT HAVE BEEN CORRECTLY DIAGNOSED
WITH THE DISORDER."
C) "ALZHEIMER DISEASE DOES NOT HAVE THE SAME COURSE IN EVERY
INDIVIDUAL."
D) "THERE ARE GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN THE
DEVELOPMENT OF ALZHEIMER DISEASE."
2. ANSWER: D
• EXPLANATION: RESEARCHERS ARE NOT SURE WHY MOST CASES OF
ALZHEIMER DISEASE (AD) ARISE, ALTHOUGH A VARIETY OF GENETIC AND
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS APPEAR TO BE INVOLVED. ALZHEIMER DISEASE IS
NOT DIRECTLY LINKED TO SMOKING AND ALCOHOL INTAKE. IT IS
INAPPROPRIATE TO ASSUME THAT OTHER FAMILY MEMBERS HAD THE
DISORDER BUT WERE MISDIAGNOSED. ALZHEIMER DISEASE HAS A
PREDICTABLE COURSE WITH DISTINCT PHASES OR STAGES.
3. A CLIENT DIAGNOSED WITH ALZHEIMER DISEASE BECOMES AGITATED DURING
AN ACTIVITY INVOLVING SIMULTANEOUS MUSIC PLAYING AND A CRAFT PROJECT.
THE CLIENT STARTS SHOUTING, "NO! NO! NO!" AND RUNS FROM THE ROOM.
WHICH ACTION BY THE NURSE IS THE MOST APPROPRIATE?
A) ADMINISTER A PRN ANTI-ANXIETY MEDICATION.

B) RESTRICT PARTICIPATION IN ANY GROUP ACTIVITIES.
C) CALL SECURITY AND PREPARE PHYSICAL RESTRAINTS.
D) REASSURE THE CLIENT AND THEN REDIRECT TO A QUIET AREA.
3. ANSWER: D
• ENVIRONMENTAL STIMULI SHOULD BE KEPT AT A MINIMUM FOR CLIENTS
WITH DEMENTIA. A QUIET ENVIRONMENT WILL PREVENT SENSORY
OVERLOAD. ONCE THE CLIENT IS LESS AGITATED, THE CLIENT CAN BE
DIRECTED TO A LESS STIMULATING ACTIVITY. USE OF PHYSICAL AND
PHARMACOLOGIC RESTRAINTS SHOULD BE AVOIDED.
4. THE NURSE IS PLANNING CARE FOR A CLIENT
WITH STAGE 1 ALZHEIMER DISEASE. WHICH ARE THE
PRIORITY NURSING DIAGNOSES FOR THE CLIENT
AND FAMILY?
A) IMPAIRED MEMORY AND CAREGIVER ROLE STRAIN
B) HOPELESSNESS AND FUNCTIONAL FAMILY PROCESSES
C) KNOWLEDGE DEFICIT AND INEFFECTIVE COPING
D) PSEUDOHOSTILITY AND INEFFECTIVE COPING
4. ANSWER: A
• APPROPRIATE NURSING DIAGNOSES MAY DEPEND ON THE STAGE OF
ALZHEIMER DISEASE (AD). IMPAIRED MEMORY IS AN APPROPRIATE NURSING
DIAGNOSIS IN STAGE 1 AD. CAREGIVER ROLE STRAIN IS APPROPRIATE FOR
ANY STAGE OF AD. FUNCTIONAL FAMILY PROCESSES AND INEFFECTIVE
COPING ARE NOT DIAGNOSES RELATED TO COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL
ASSESSMENT. PSEUDOHOSTILITY IS NOT A NURSING DIAGNOSIS.
5. THE NURSE IS PLANNING CARE TO ADDRESS
SAFETY NEEDS FOR AN OLDER ADULT CLIENT WHO
HAS RECENTLY BEEN DIAGNOSED WITH EARLY
ALZHEIMER DISEASE. WHICH INTERVENTIONS ARE
APPROPRIATE TO ADDRESS SAFETY NEEDS? SELECT
ALL
A) THAT
USE OF APPLY.
A RESTRAINT BELT AT NIGHT TO PREVENT WANDERING BEHAVIORS
B) CHECK SHOES FOR FIT AND SUPPORT.
C) CONTACT THE DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES TO HAVE THE CLIENT'S LICENSE
SUSPENDED.
D) KEEP ALL FAMILIAR OBJECTS IN THE HOME.
E) REMOVE THROW RUGS AND ELECTRICAL CORDS.
5. ANSWER: B, E
• ALL OLDER CLIENTS, INCLUDING THOSE WITH ALZHEIMER DISEASE (AD), ARE
AT INCREASED RISK FOR INJURIES SUCH AS FALLS. SHOES SHOULD FIT AND
BE SUPPORTIVE. SIMPLIFYING THE HOME ENVIRONMENT WHILE KEEPING
FAMILIAR FURNITURE IN THE SAME SPACE WILL REDUCE CONFUSION AND
PROMOTE SAFETY. RUGS AND CORDS SHOULD BE REMOVED TO PREVENT
FALLS. THE USE OF PHYSICAL AND PHARMACOLOGIC RESTRAINTS SHOULD BE
AVOIDED. IN EARLY STAGES OF DEMENTIA, CLIENTS WITH ALZHEIMER
DISEASE MAY CONTINUE TO DRIVE.
6. THE NURSE IS REVIEWING PHARMACOLOGIC
TREATMENTS WITH A CAREGIVER OF AN INDIVIDUAL
WITH ALZHEIMER DISEASE. WHICH STATEMENT
INDICATES THAT TEACHING HAS BEEN EFFECTIVE?
A) "THERE ARE EFFECTIVE DRUGS, BUT THEY CANNOT BE USED OVER A LONG
PERIOD."
B) "THERE AREN'T ANY DRUGS THAT ARE EFFECTIVE IN TREATING THIS
DISEASE."
C) "THE EARLIER THE DRUGS ARE STARTED, THE GREATER THE LIKELIHOOD
THEY WILL HAVE BENEFITS."
D) "THERE ARE DRUGS THAT CAN CONTROL SYMPTOMS FOR MANY YEARS."
26 ANSWER: C
• THE EARLIER THE MEDICATIONS ARE STARTED, THE GREATER THE EFFECT
THEY WILL HAVE ON THE SYMPTOMS OF ALZHEIMER DISEASE. CURRENT
MEDICATIONS WILL ONLY DECREASE SYMPTOMS FOR A SHORT PERIOD OF
TIME. DRUGS WILL NOT CONTROL SYMPTOMS FOR MANY YEARS. THE DRUGS
FOR TREATMENT OF ALZHEIMER DISEASE ARE NO MORE DANGEROUS THAN
OTHER DRUGS USED FOR A LONG PERIOD OF TIME.
7. THE NURSE IS EDUCATING A CLIENT WHO IS
DIAGNOSED WITH STAGE 1 ALZHEIMER DISEASE
(AD) AND THE CLIENT'S SPOUSE. WHICH
SUGGESTION BEST PROMOTES MAINTAINING
FUNCTIONAL ABILITY AT THIS STAGE?
A) OBTAIN ROUND-THE-CLOCK CARE AT HOME
B) PREPARE LIQUID NUTRITION
C) ASSIST CLIENT WITH ADLS
D) BEGIN MAKING "TO-DO" LISTS AND USE OF A CALENDAR
7. ANSWER: D
• EXPLANATION: A) USE OF CUING DEVICES SUCH AS TO-DO LISTS,
CALENDARS, WRITTEN SCHEDULES, AND VERBAL REMINDERS CAN AID IN
MAINTAINING CLIENT'S HIGHEST LEVEL OF FUNCTIONING. THE OTHER
OPTIONS ARE INTERVENTIONS FOR A CLIENT DIAGNOSED WITH STAGE 3 AD.
8. AN OLDER ADULT CLIENT WITH NO HISTORY OF
COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IS SUDDENLY SHOWING
SIGNS OF INCREASED CONFUSION AND POSSIBLE
DELIRIUM. WHICH HEALTH PROBLEM SHOULD THE
NURSE SUSPECT IS CAUSING THIS CLIENT'S
CONFUSION?
A) CATARACTS
B) HYPERTENSION
C) URINARY TRACT INFECTION
D) LOWER BACK STRAIN
8. ANSWER: C
• EXPLANATION: A) DELIRIUM IS OFTEN THE MOST PROMINENT
MANIFESTATION OF CONDITIONS SUCH AS DEHYDRATION, RESPIRATORY
TRACT INFECTIONS, URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS, AND URINARY RETENTION,
AND ADVERSE DRUG EVENTS MAY OCCUR IN THE ABSENCE OF SYMPTOMS
SUCH AS FEVER OR DISCOMFORT. HYPERTENSION, LOWER BACK STRAIN, AND
CATARACTS ARE NOT CONDITIONS THAT ARE KNOWN TO CAUSE SIGNS OF
CONFUSION IN OLDER ADULTS.
9. THE NURSE IS CARING FOR A CLIENT WHO
BECOMES CONFUSED AND AGITATED EVERY
EVENING. MEDICAL REASONS FOR THE CHANGE IN
MENTAL STATUS HAVE BEEN RULED OUT. THE NURSE
CORRECTLY COMMUNICATES TO THE OTHER
HEALTHCARE TEAM MEMBERS THAT THE CLIENT IS
EXPERIENCING
A) DELIRIUM WHICH PHENOMENON?
B) SUNDOWNING
C) APHASIA
D) CHRONIC PSYCHOSIS
9. ANSWER: B
• EXPLANATION: A) SUNDOWNING IS UNDERSTOOD AS CONFUSION THAT
INTENSIFIES IN THE EVENING OR AT BEDTIME. THE CLIENT CAN BECOME
INCREASINGLY AGITATED, DISORIENTED, OR EVEN AGGRESSIVE/PARANOID
OR IMPULSIVE AND EMOTIONAL LATER IN THE DAY AND AT NIGHT. DELIRIUM
IS A RAPID-ONSET TYPE OF CONFUSION. APHASIA IS THE INABILITY TO USE
OR UNDERSTAND LANGUAGE. PSYCHOSIS IS A MENTAL DISORDER, AND THIS
CLIENT IS NOT EXHIBITING SIGNS OF PSYCHOSIS.

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NCLEX-

A) "ALZHEIMER DISEASE DEVELOPS BECAUSE OF SMOKING AND ALCOHOL

A) ADMINISTER A PRN ANTI-ANXIETY MEDICATION.

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