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Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education 
Region III Central Luzon
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF TARLAC PROVINCE
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

Name: DESISTO CARLO Grade & Section: ST. JOSEPH Date: October 22, 2021

English 10 Q1-Lesson 6
Learning Competency: Making Judgements about a Range of Texts
Using a Set of Criteria
Learning Objectives:
1. Determine the elements that add value to a text.
2. Compare arguments in persuasive essays.
3. Evaluate and make judgments about a range of texts using a set of criteria.

God Sees the Truth but Waits


By: Leo Tolstoy
That night, when Aksionov was lying on his bed and just beginning to doze, someone came quietly and sat down on
his bed. He peered through the darkness and recognized Makar, the man he vowed to take revenge on. “What more do you
want of me?” asked Aksionov. “Why have you come here?” Makar Semyonich was silent. So Aksionov sat up and said, “What
do you want? Go away, or I will call the guard!” Makar Semyonich bent close over Aksionov and whispered, “Ivan Dmitrich,
forgive me!” “What for?” asked Aksionov. “It was I who killed the merchant and hid the knife among your things. I meant to
kill you too, but I heard a noise outside, so I hid the knife in your bag and escaped out of the window.” Aksionov was silent,
and did not know what to say. Makar Semyonich slid off the bed and knelt upon the ground. “Ivan Dmitrich,” he said, “forgive
me! For the love of God, forgive me! I will confess that it was I who killed the merchant, and you will be released and can go
to your home.” “It is easy for you to talk,” said Aksionov, “but I have suffered for you for twenty-six years. Where could I go
now? …My wife is dead, and my children have forgotten me. I have nowhere to go…” Makar Semyonich did not rise, but beat
his head on the floor. “Ivan Dmitrich, forgive me!” he cried. “When they flogged me with the knot, it was not so hard to bear
as it is to see you now…yet you had pity on me, and did not tell. For Christ’s sake forgive me, wretch that I am!” And he
began to sob. When Aksionov heard him sobbing he, too, began to weep. “God will forgive you!” said he . “Maybe I am a
hundred times worse than you.” And at these words his heart grew light, and the longing for home left him. He no longer had
any desire to leave the prison, but only hoped for his last hour to come. In spite of what Aksionov had said, Makar Semyonich
confessed his guilt. But when the order for his release came, Aksionov was already dead.

Initial Activity: Pre-test


Read the following excerpts and answer the questions that follow. Write the letter of the correct answer on
your answer sheet.

1. What makes Makar and Aksionov well-rounded characters?


a. Makar and Aksionov developed faith in a supreme being as a result of their suffering.
b. Makar spared Aksionov’s life, and Aksionov did not sell-off Makar during the interrogation.
c. Makar and Aksionov are the exact opposite of each other, but both of them are at the mercy of the law.
d. Makar chose to rectify his evil deeds, and Aksionov found enlightenment despite having lost everything
he had.
2. What important element symbolized the problems on absence of true justice, as well as lack of freedom
from clinging too
much on material values?
a. The prison setting c. The character Makar
b. The act of flogging d. The final dialogue between Makar and Aksionov
3. What is the appropriate theme of the story?
a. Forgiveness is given only to those who ask for it.
b. Forgiveness sets free both the victim and the offender.
c. Repeatedly asking forgiveness is a sign of the offender’s sincerity.
d. Forgiveness does not change the past, but it lets people move on to a better future.
4. What makes the plot different from other stories?
a. Divine intervention helped the characters resolve the conflict.
b. The protagonist never succeeded in anything he did or attempted to do.
c. The denouement seems open-ended, but the conflict was clearly resolved.
d. The plot was developed with various literary techniques such as foreshadowing, flashback and
plot twists.
5. What is the relevance of the title to the entire story?
a. It means that justice will be served, but it may come too late sometimes.
b. It means that trials in life are God’s way of making us acknowledge his existence.
c. It implies that supreme beings do not intervene with the affairs and problems of humans.
d. It suggests that, even if the whole world is against us, God knows the truth and acts at the right
time.

Lesson 1 Evaluating and Making Judgments about a Range of Texts

I. What’s In
In this current module, you will need to tap on these skills to be able to evaluate and make judgments
about a range of texts, namely: literary (fictional pieces such as poems, epic, and short stories) and
informational texts (nonfiction writing such as essays, newspaper articles, reference books and the like.)
According to Thomson, De Bartoli and Buckley (2013), successful reading involves the following:
retrieving, interpreting, integrating, reflecting, and evaluating information. That is why, to be able to really
appreciate what a story or an essay offers, you need to move beyond being a passive reader and become
critical consumer of the text. You have to read between and beyond the lines in order to mine the treasures
hidden in any piece of writing.

II. What’s New


Activity 1: Top Five Identify the correct word described in each sentence by rearranging the jumbled letters
given.

1. It is usually an insight about life that is reflected in a narrative as its main subject.

2. It is a one-sentence statement of the main point (argument) in an essay.

3. This refers to the opposition of forces, or the problem which will keep the plot moving.
4. This is a body of supporting factual details such as experts’ statement, research findings,
and examples.
5. These are the actors or actresses in a work of fiction who embody recognizable and relatable
human traits.
III. What is It
A myth is an ancient story created to explain natural events, present a lesson on how to live, or serve
as warning to follow the rules of the society. Many readers prefer short stories because they can be read in
one sitting; their plots are usually easy to follow; and the characters are interesting. However, these criteria
are superficial. What a critical reader must look for in a short story or in a myth are the following:
A. Short Story
✓ There is a powerful setting that transports the reader into the tale by appealing to all of the senses.
It also plays an important role in advancing the plot as well as in character development.
✓ The characters, including characterization, are well-drawn and well-developed. The readers should
find them relatable in terms of the values they embody and the principles they live by.
✓ The plot of the story is original and not predictable. It should be interesting enough for the reader to
find himselfdrawn to it.
✓ There should also be an interesting conflict that will move the plot. It should clearly show how the
opposing forces (such as man versus himself, man versus society, etc.) confront one another and how it can
be resolved.
✓ The story should have a relevant theme — one that provides profound insights about life. The theme
is generally timeless, which means that it will remain true for different generation of readers and across
different backgrounds.
`
B. Myth
Myths generally share the same characteristics with short stories, but they differ in terms of the
added features such as having gods and goddesses as characters, heroes possessing special abilities, and
humans transforming into a different creature. Specifically, these are the characteristics to look for in a
myth:
✓ The characters are comprised of a hero with special skills, monsters who play the villain, and gods
and goddesses who may help, reward, or punish the hero. The hero must be a well-drawn character, showing
relatable traits while displaying great feats.
✓ The plot and conflict usually revolve around the hero’s adventure or quest, and his success or failure
will determine whether he really is a true hero. One of the common twists in the plot of a myth is
metamorphosis, or the transformation of a character into a different creature such as a bird, a monster, or a
plant. These transformations are, of course, the gods’ doing. On the sidelines, the plot may also present a
tradition or local belief of the community where the myth originated.
✓ The setting plays a very important role in helping the readers visualize the hero’s environment
especially during his quest. It should be very vivid for the reader to picture places such as the Underworld,
the forest, or the abode of the gods.
✓ The myth should leave the readers with a life lesson. Anchored on the general theme that good deeds
are rewarded and evil is punished, the lessons are usually about moral conduct.

Persuasive essay refers to the kind of writing, which presents reasons and examples to effect thought
and/or action. It
requires the clear statement of an opinion and reasons or specific examples to support said opinion.

1. Statement of the thesis, or the theme/topic of an argument. It usually presents a controversial


topic and the writer’s stand about it. A good thesis should state a truth
2. Enumeration of a set of reasons supporting the thesis. This part elaborates on the necessity of
the proposal, its advantages and workability.
3. Presentation of evidences that substantiate the reasons and strengthen the thesis. Evidences
and arguments must be laid down carefully for a persuasive effect. They should appeal to reason or logic, to
ethics, and to emotions.
4. Conclusion which reinforces the thesis and calls for action.

IV. What is More


Activity 2: Judgmental Reading Read the following excerpts and answer the questions that follow.

The Two Brothers


Leo Tolstoy
Two brothers set out on a journey together. At noon they lay out on a forest to rest. When they woke
up they say a stone lying next to them. There was something written on the stone, and they tried to make
out what it was.
“Whoever finds this stone, let him go straight to the forest at sunrise. In the forest, a river will appear;
let him swim across the river to the other side. There he will see a she bear and her cubs. Let him take the
cubs from her and run up the mountain with them, without looking back. On the top of the mountain he will
see a house, and in that house he will find happiness.”
When they had read what was written on the stone, the younger brother said: “Let us go together. We
can swim across the river, carry off the bear cubs, take them to the house on the mountain, and together
they find happiness.”
“I am not going into the forest after bear cubs,” said the elder brother, “and I advise you not to go. In
the first place, no one can know whether what is written on this stone is the truth —perhaps it was written
in jest.... In the second place, even if what is written here is the truth — suppose we go into the forest and
night comes, and we cannot find the river. We shall be lost. And if we do find the river, how are we going to
swim across it? In the third place, even if we swim across the river, do you think it is an easy thing to take
her cubs away from a she-bear? She will seize us, and instead of finding happiness, we shall perish and all
for nothing. And, most of all, the stone does not tell us what kind of happiness we should find in that house.
It may be that the happiness awaiting us there is not at all the sort of happiness we would want.”
The younger brother replied, “In my opinion, you are wrong. What is written on the stone could not
have been put there without reason. And it is all perfectly clear. In the first place, no harm will come to us if
we try. In the second place, if we do not go, someone else will read the inscription on the stone and find
happiness, and we shall have lost it all. In the third place, if you do not make an effort and try hard, nothing
in the world will succeed. In the fourth place, I should not want it thought that I was afraid of anything.”
And so the younger brother followed all the instructions on the stone. When he reached the top of the
mountain the people came out to take him to the city, where they made him their king. He ruled for five
years, but in the sixth year, another king waged war against him. The city was conquered, and he was driven
out.
Again the younger brother became a wandered, and he arrived one day at the house of the elder
brother. The brother was living in a village and had grown neither rich nor poor. The two brothers rejoiced at
seeing each other, and at once began telling of all that happened to them.
“You see,” said the elder brother, “I was right. Here I have lived quietly and well, whole you, though
you may have been a king, have seen a great deal of trouble.”
“I do not regret having gone into the forest and up the mountain,” replied the younger brother. “I may
have nothing now, but I shall always have something to remember, while you have no memories at all.

1. What is the best description of ‘happiness’ based on the context of the story?
a. Happiness means living a simple life without any complications.
b. Happiness is achieved by being in power and having great wealth.
c. Happiness depends on what gives contentment and satisfaction to an individual.
d. Happiness requires heading towards a future without knowing what lies ahead.
2. What philosophy of life does the younger brother live by?
a. Life, with all its ups and downs, must be lived and enjoyed.
b. One’s comfort zone is the safest and best place to grow.
c. One wrong decision will lead to a life full of regret.
d. Nothing is permanent in life.
3. What type of conflict is evident in the story?
a. Man versus man c. Man versus society
b. Man versus himself d. Man versus nature
4. What detail in the story hints the type of conflict present?
a. The title b. The setting c. The dialogues d. The inscriptions on the stone
5. What challenge does the story want to leave to the readers?
a. Helping one’s brother c. Making life-changing decisions
b. Looking back to one’s roots d. Knowing the right time for everything

V. Assessment
Activity A. Before we go on to the final task, I want you to recall important information in our discussion
and answer the following questions below.
1. Plot is…
A. Events that make up a story C. setting and characters
B. The exploding part of story/ turning point of story D. the solution to the problem
2. Climax is...
A. Events that make up a story C. setting and characters
B. The exploding part of story/ turning point of story D. the solution to the problem
3. The resolution is...
A. problem in story C. setting and characters
B. The exploding part of story/ turning point of story D. the solution to the problem
4. What is the time and place of a story?
A. Rising Action B. Plot C. Conflict D. Setting
5. True or False. The resolution is always at the very end of a story. A. True B. False
6. The exposition...
A. Introduces the reader to the characters and setting
B. Is the part of the story where a character changes
C. Is the part of the story when the conflict is resolved
D. Is the part of the story where the events help the reader understand what the conflict is
7. The rising action of the plot...
A. is the series of events that help the reader understand the conflict.
B. show how the problem is resolved.
C. is the theme.
D. None of the above
8. In the climax of a story, ______________.
A. The complication arise C. The resolution has taken place
B. The revelation the highest point of the story D. None of the above
9. What 4 components are included in the exposition?
A. characters, setting, dialogue, narrator
B. characters, narrator, conflict, back story
C. characters, setting, point of view, back story
D. plot, characters, setting, resolution
10. Which of the following show the elements of plot in order?
A. climax, rising action, exposition, falling action, resolution
B. exposition, climax, rising action, falling action, resolution
C. exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, resolution
D. resolution, rising action, climax, falling action, exposition

Activity B. Choose only one (1) from the given options.

Option A: Answer the questions and justify your response by providing details based on the guides enclosed
in parentheses. Follow the tabular format shown as you write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

The Two Brothers


1. Is the main character relatable to you? (Cite some Yes, because in our life we must be more
qualities that make you similar or different.) resourceful and Life, with all its ups and
downs, must be lived and enjoyed.
2. Is the setting effective or useful making you visualize Yes, because it emphasizes the true meaning
the scenes? (Cite some lines that appeal to your senses) of life.
3. Is the plot interesting? (Cite aspects of it that make it Yes, because it gives mysterious things that
good or dull.) every one of us looking for.
4. Is the conflict clear and realistic? (Indicate if it is Yes, because the conflict helps the characters
something that people are likely to experience in life.) to make the story more interesting.
5. Is the theme relevant to human experiences? (Instead of Yes, because the story is true to life
an explanation, write the theme you inferred from each experiences..
story.)

Option B: Choose a persuasive essay, or an editorial article from a local or national newspaper (or the essays
given in this module), and then rate its content using the rubric below. Justify your rating by writing a two to
three-sentence feedback about the essay, particularly on the arguments presented.

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