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Class 12th (Term II.

Practice Paper *1"

*

(Solved)
General Instructions Time: 2 Hours

• Max. Marks : 35
1. There are 9 questions in the question paper. All questions are compulsory.
2. Question no. 1 is a Case Based Question, which has five MCQs. Each question carries one mark
3. Question no. 2-6 are short Answer Type Questions. Each question carries 3 marks.
4. Question no. 7-9 are Long Answer Type Questions. Each question carries 5 marks.
5. There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have been provided in some questions. Students have to attempt
only one of the alternatives in such questions

* As exact Blue-print and Pattern for CBSE Term Il exams is not released yet. So the pattern of this
paper is designed by the author on the basis of trend ofpast CBSE Papers. Students are advised
not to consider the pattern of this paper as official, it is just for practice purpose.

1. Direction Read the following passage and answer the questions that follows
Discovery of Nucleus
The nucleus was first discovered in 1911 by Lord Rutherford and his associates by experiments on
scattering of a-particles by atoms. He found that the scattering results could be explained, if atoms consist
of a small, central, massive and positive core surrounded by orbiting electrons.The experimental results
indicated that, the size of the nucleus is of the order of 10-14 m and is thus 10000 times smaller than the size
of atom.
(i) Ratio of mass of nucleus with mass of atom is approximately
(a) 1 (b) 10 (c) 103 (d) 1010
(ii) Masses of nuclei of hydrogen, deuterium and tritium are is in the ratio of
(a) 1:2:3 (b) 1:1:1 (c) 1:1:2 (d 1:2:4

(iii) Density of a nucleus is

(a) more for lighter elements and less for heavier elements
(b) more for heavier elements and less for lighter elements
(c) very less compared to ordinary matter
(d) a constant

(iv) Il R is the radius and A is the mass number, then log R versus log A graph will be
(a) a straight line (b) a parabola (c) an ellipse (d) None of these

107
(v) The ratio of the nuclear radii of the gold isotope 191
79 Au and silver isotope Au is

(a) 1.23 (b)) 0.216 (c) 2.13 (d) 3.46

154 CBSE Term II/ Physics XII

2. (i) Name the EM waves which are used for the treatment of certain forms of cancer. Write their frequency range.
(ii) Thin ozone layer on top of stratosphere is crucial for human survival. Why?
(ii) Why is the amount of the momentum transferred by the EM waves incident on the surface so small?
Or (i) Which segment of electromagnetic waves has highest frequency? How are these waves produced? Give one
use of these waves.

(ii) Which EM waves lie near the high frequency end of visible part of EM spectrum? Give its one use. In what
way, this component of light has harmful effects on humans?
3. Hydrogen spectrum consists of discrete bright lines in a dark background and it is specifically known as
hydrogen emission spectrum.There is one more type of hydrogen spectrum that exists where we get dark lines
on the bright background, which is known as absorption spectrum.
Line spectra of the hydrogen atom is given below, whose series limit corresponds to the wavelength for n = 00.
lonised atom Series limit
n = 7
n = 6

Brackett n = 5

NIVOUAW
Paschen series n = 4
n = 3
3 series n = 2
Balmer Pfund
)
eV

series series
(
level
Energy

10
11

12

13
n = 1
14
Lyman
series

By using above spectra, write the expression for the series limit for all the series obtained.
Or (i) Using Bobr's second postulate of quantisation of orbital angular momentum, show that the circumference of
the electron in the nth orbital state in H-atom is n-times the de-Broglie wavelength associated with it.
(ii) The electron in H-atom is initially in the third excited state. What is the maximum number of spectral lines
which can be emitted, when it finally moves to the ground state?
4. Two convex lenses A and B of an astronomical telescope having focal lengths 5 cm and 20 cm, respectively are
arranged as shown below
B

15 cm

(i) Which one of the two lenses you will select as the objective lens and why?
(ii) What should be the change in the distance between the lenses to have the telescope in its normal adjustment
position?
(iii) Calculate the magnitude of magnifying power of the telescope in the normal adjustment position.
5. What are extrinsic semiconductors? On the basis of valence band model, explain how can a pure semiconductor
of Ge or Si be converted into n-type semiconductor.
CBSE Term II | Physics XII 155

6. Describe a photocell and mention few of its applications.

Or What are the observations made from the expression of de-Broglie wavelength?
7. (i) Double convex lenses are to be manufactured from a glass of refractive index 1.55 with both faces of the same
radius of curvature. What is the radius of curvature required, if the focal length is 30 cm?
(ii) A Cassegrain telescope (reflecting telescope) uses two mirrors as shown in figure below. Such a telescope is
built with the mirrors 20 mm apart. If the radius of curvature of the large mirror is 220 mm and of the small
mirror is 140 mm, then where will be the final image of an object at infinity?
Objective

=)
mirror (C)
B

Secondary
mirror

Eyepiece

Or (i) In a single slit diffraction experiment, a slit of width d is illuminated by red light of wavelength 650 nm. For
what value of d will the
(a) first minimum fall is at an angle of diffraction of 60° and
(b) first maximum fall is at an angle of diffraction of 60°?
(ii) In Young's double slit experiment, the two slits 0.15 mm apart are illuminated by monochromatic light of
wavelength 450 nm. The screen is 1.0 m away from the slits.
(a) Find the distance of the second
I. bright fringe
II. and dark fringe from the central maxima.
(b) How will the fringe pattern change, if the screen is moved away from the slits?
8. (i) State briefly the processes involved in the formation of p-n junction, explaining clearly how the depletion
region is formed.
(ii) Using the necessary circuit diagrams, show how the V-I characteristics of a p-n junction are obtained in (a)
forward biasing and (b) reverse biasing.
How are these characteristics made use of in rectification?
Or (i) Explain with the help of diagram, how a depletion layer and barrier potential are formed in a junction diode.
(ii) Draw a circuit diagram of a full wave rectifier. Explain its working and draw input and output waveforms.
9. (i) Using postulates of Bohr's theory of hydrogen atom, show that
(a) the radii of orbits increase as n and
(b) the total energy of the electron increases as 1/n2, where n is the principal quantum number of the atom.
(ii) Calculate the wavelength of HQ-line in Balmer series of hydrogen atom.
a

(Take, Rydberg constant, R = 1.097x 107 m-2)

Or Using Bohr's postulates, derive the expression for the frequency of radiation enitted, when electron in
hydrogen atom undergoes transition from higher energy state (quantum number n,) to the lower state, (ng)
When electron in hydrogen atom jumps from energy state n; = 4 tong = 3 2 1. Identify the spectral series to
which the emission lines belong.
 EXPLANATIONS
1. (i) (a) As nearly 99.9%, mass of an atom is in nucleus. preserve food stuff. The harmful effect from exposure to
Mass of nucleus 99.9
= 0.991 ultraviolet (UV) radiation can be life threatening and
Mass of atom 100 include premature aging of the skin, suppression of the
(ii) (a) Since, the nuclei of deuterium and tritium are immune systems, damage to the eyes and skin cancer.
isotopes of hydrogen, they must contain only one 3. The wavelengths of spectral line in these series can be
proton each. But the masses of the nuclei of hydrogen, expressed by the following formulae
deuterium and tritium are in the ratio (i) For Lyman series
of 1 : 2:3, because of presence of neutral matter in 1 1
=R where n = 2,3,4,...
deuterium and tritium nuclei. 2
2 1 n'
Mass MA
(iii) (d) Density = 1
Volume 4 For =0,2
n=
3
TRA R

3in (ii) For Balmer series

1 1 1
41 R ER
2
where n =3,4,5,...
a 22 n
As, m =
mp = min
2 =
4
= 23x107 kgm ?, which is a constant For n = 0,2=
R
(iv) (a) R == R,A3 (iii) For Paschen series
log R = logRo +13 log A
=R () where n =4,5,6,...
1 1 1
=R
2
2 32 n'
On comparing the above equation of straight line 9
y=mr + c, so the graph between log A and log R is a For n = 0,2=
R
straight line also (iv) For Brackett series
(v) (a) Given, 4, = 197 and A2 = 107 1 1 1

R 44
\1/3
197)13 =1.225
=R (6
-=R
2 42 n
where n = 5, 6, 7,...

16
R2 A, 107 For n=0,2 =
R
-1.23
(v) For Pfund series
2. (i) y-rays are used for the treatment of certain forms of 1 1 1
cancer. Its frequency range is 3 10^9 Hz to
5 x 1022 Hz.
-=R
2 ? ) where n = 6,7,8,...
25
(ii) The thin ozone layer on top of stratosphere absorbs For n=0,2 =
R
most of the harmful ultraviolet rays coming from the
sun towards the earth. They include UVA, UVB and Or

UVC radiations, which can destroy the life system on Bohr's second postulate states that, the electron
the earth. revolves around the nucleus in certain privileged orbit
Hence, this layer is crucial for human survival. which satisfy certain quantum condition that angular
h
(ii) An electromagnetic wave transports linear momentum, momentum of an electron is an integral multiple of 2π΄
as it travels through space. If an electromagnetic wave
where h is Planck's constant.
transfers a total energy
U to a totally absorbing surface in time t, then total i.e. L = mur =
nh

linear momentum delivered to the at surface, 270

U hy
p= > p= where, m = mass of electron, v = velocity of electron
=

с and r = radius of orbit of electron.

This means that, the momentum range of EM waves is 2nr =n
h

10-19 to 10-41. Thus, the amount of momentum тр.

transferred by the EM waves is incident on the surface :: Circumference of electron in n th orbit

very small.
is Or
=nx de-Broglie wavelength associated with electron
h
(i) Gamma rays has the highest frequency in the
electromagnetic waves. These rays are of the nuclear (:* =
mo

origin and are produced in the disintegration of (ii) Given, the electron in H-atom is initially in third
excited state,
radioactive atomic nuclei and in the decay of certain
subatomic particles. They are used in the treatment of ..
n =4

cancer and tumours.

(ii) Ultraviolet rays lie near the high frequency end of and the total number of spectral lines of an atom that
can exist is given by the relation
visible part of EM spectrum. These rays are used to

.
 CBSE Term II Physics XII 157

in(n-1) 6. It is a device which converts light energy into electrical

2 energy. It is also called an electric eye. As the photoelectric
Here, n = 4 current is set-up in the photoelectric cell corresponding to
So, number of spectral lines incident light, it provides the information about the objects
4(4-1)_4x3 =
= 6
as done by our eye in the presence of light.
2 2 Incident
light
Hence, when a H-atom moves from third excited state
to ground state, it emits six spectral lines.
4. (i) In telescope objective lens have large focal length than Collector (Anode)
eyepiece. So, lens B is choosen as the objective lens.
(ii) In normal adjustment, the distance between objective
Evacuated
and eyepiece is given by
L = f. +fe = 20+5 = 25 Emitter glass bulb
So, the distance required to be increased between the (Cathode)
two lenses,
L' =L-15 =10 cm
B
(iii) Magnifying power of telescope in normal adjustment, HE ОША
20
f.
m = = 4
fc 5
A photocell consists of a semi-cylindrical photosensitive
5. Semiconductors in which some impurity atoms are metal plate C (emitter) and a wire loop A (collector)
embedded are known as extrinsic or impure
supported in an evacuated glass or quartz bulb. When light
semiconductors.
of suitable wavelength falls on the emitter C, photoelectrons
Extrinsic semiconductors are basically of two types are emitted
(i) n-type semiconductors Some applications of photocell are given below
(ii) p-type semiconductors (i) Used in television camera for telecasting scenes and in
n-type Semiconductors photo telegraphy.
(ü) Reproduction of sound in cinema film.
This type of semiconductor is obtained when pentavalent
impurity such as phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), etc is added to (iii) Used in burglar alarm and fire alarm.
Si or Ge. Or

During doping, four electrons of pentavalent atom bond According to de-Broglie hypothesis, the wavelength of wave
with the four silicon neighbours, while fifth remains very associated with moving material particle is given by
h h
weakly bound to its parent alom. Also, the ionisation energy 2. =-=
required to set this electron free is very small. р те

Hence, these electrons are almost free to move. In other which is the expression for de-Broglie wavelength.
words, we can say that these electrons are donated by the
From the above expression, the following observations are
impurity atoms.
made
So, these are also known as donor atoms and the
conduction inside the semiconductor will take place with (6) The de-Broglie wavelength ix? So, if the particle
с
the help of the negatively charged electrons. Due to this moves faster, then the wavelength will be smaller and
negative charge, these semiconductors are known as n-type vice-cersa.
semiconductors.
(ii) If the particle is at rest (r = 0), then the de-Broglie
Therefore, major conduction in n-type semiconductors is wavelength is infinite (2. = c). Such a wave cannot be
due to electrons. So, electrons are known as majority visualised
carriers and the holes are known as the minority carriers. (ii) The de-Broglie waves cannot be electromagnetic in
This means, ne >> nyil, >> In nature because electromagnetic waves are produced by
motion of accelerated charged particles.
(iv) The wavelength of a wave associated with moving
+4 +4 +4 particle defines a region of uncertainty, within which
the whereabouts of the particle are unknown
e unbonded free
7. (i) Given f = 30 cm, u = 155, R = R and R, =-R
+4 electron donated Using lens Maker's formula,
+4
1
by pentavalent
(+5 valency) atom }= = (u - 1)
R R,

5-Milà .
1 1 2
5x
1
+4 +4 = (155 -1) = 055 x
+4 It
R
30 R (-R).

R = 11x30 = 33 cm

1
 158 CBSE Term II Physics XII

(ii) Given, distance between objective and secondary semiconductor. There are various methods of forming
mirror, d = 20 mm
P-n junction diode.
Radius of curvature of large mirror, R = 220 mm, Formation of Depletion Region in p-n Junction In an
so its focal length, fi = 110 mm
=
n-type semiconductor, the concentration of electrons is
Radius of curvature of small mirror, R2 = 140 mm, more than concentration of holes. Similarly, in a p-type
so its focal length, f2 = 70 mm
= semiconductor, the concentration of holes is more than
that of concentration of electrons. During formation of
The image formed by objective mirror at infinity will
acts as a virtual object for secondary mirror. p-n junction and due to the concentration gradient
.. Distance of virtual object from secondary mirror, across p and n-sides, holes diffuse from p-side to n-side
(p − n) and electrons diffuse from n-side to p-side
u= fi- d = 110 - 20 = 90 mm
(n − p).
Using mirror formula for secondary mirror, Electron diffusion
1 1 1 1 1 1 Electron drift
+-= + ᎾᎾ Ꮎ Ꮎ
V u f2 U 90 70 ө

90 x 70 p n
U= = 315 mm
90-70
Hence, the final image of the object will be formed 315
Depletion region
mm away from the secondary mirror. Hole diffusion
Or Hole drift

(i) Given, wavelength of light, a = 650 nm = 650 x10-9 ‫רון‬

The diffused charge carriers combine with their
and d is slit width. counterparts in the immediate vicinity of the junction
and neutralise each other.
(a) Angle of diffraction, 0 = 60°
Thus, near the junction, positive charge is built on
For first minimum,
n-side and negative charge on p-side. This sets up
a = d sin
potential difference across the junction and an internal
650 = dsin 60° electric field E; directed from n-side to p-side. The
2
d=650 x = 75055 nm equilibrium is established when the field E, becomes
T3 strong enough to stop further diffusion of the majority
(b) For first maximum, charge carriers (however it helps the minority charge
λ carriers to diffuse across the junction). The region on
(2n-1) = dsin
2
either side of the junction which becomes depleted
32
(free) from the mobile charge carriers is called
= dsin 0 depletion region or depletion layer. The width of
2
depletion region is of the order of 10-6 m. The potential
3 x 650
= dsin 60° difference developed across the depletion region is
2
3 x 650 2
called the potential barrier. Potential barrier depends
> d= X = 1125.83 nm on dopant concentration in the semiconductor and
2 73 temperature of the junction.
(ii) Given, slit width, d = 0.15 mm = 0.15 Ⓡ10-3 m (ii) (a) Forward Biased Characteristics
Wavelength of light 2 = 450 nm = 450 x 10-9 m The circuit diagram for studying forward biased
Distance between screen and slits, D=1 m characteristics is shown in the figure. Starting from a
(a) I. For second bright fringe (n = 2), low value, forward bias voltage is increased step by
n2D step (measured by voltmeter) and forward current is
d
noted (by ammeter). A graph is plotted between
voltage and current The curve so obtained is the
450 x10-9 6x10-3 m forward biased characteristic of the diode.
y=2x
0.15 x10-3
= 6 mm 8

II. For second dark fringe (n = 2), 7

2D p
y =(2n-1) 6
-

2d
)
mA

450 x10-9 x1
=(2x2-1)
(
current

2 0.15 x10-3
Ge

=
mA)
= 45 mm
TC
Forward

(b) The fringe width, ß o D and angular separation, 0 = d

A.
So, on moving screen away from the slits, the fringe
width will increase while separation remains constant. 01 02 03 04 0.5
Hi
8. (i) p-n Junction A p-n junction is an arrangement made by Battery Forward bias (V)
a close contact of n-type semiconductor and p-type (a)
(b)

.
(
 CBSE Term II Physics XII 159

At the beginning, when applied voltage is low, the In this way, current flows in the load in the single direction
current through the diode is almost zero. It is because as shown in figure.
of the potential barrier, which opposes the applied
voltage.
Till the applied voltage exceeds the potential barrier,
the current increases very slowly with increase in
applied voltage (OA portion of the graph). With further
increase in applied voltage, the current increases very
rapidly (AB portion of the graph). In this situation, the
le e l l e e 00 Output
diode behaves like a conductor Ilor
The forward voltage beyond which the current through
The input and output waveforms have been given below
the junction starts increasing rapidly with voltage is
called knee voltage.
If line AB is extended back, it cuts the voltage axis at
potential barrier voltage.
(b) Reverse Biased Characteristics
The circuit diagram for studying reverse biased
Input voltage thu
Due to Due to Due to Due to
Time

characteristics is shown in the figure

D1 D2 DD2
р

Reverse bias (1) Output voltage Time

-10 8 -6 4 -2
JUA
)
mA(

9. (a) A hydrogen like atom consists of a tiny positively charged

nucleus and an electron revolving in a stable circular orbit
current Reverse

around the nucleus.

Breakdown V
6
voltage
8
Electron e
Battery 104
-

三E Nucleus
(a) (b)
+Ze

In reverse biased, the applied voltage supports the flow of

minority charge carriers across the junction. So, a very small
current flows across the junction due to minority charge
carriers. Lete, m and v be respectively the charge, mass and velocity
of the electron and r the radius of the orbit
Motion ofminority charge carriers is also supported by
internal potential barrier, so all the minority carriers cross The positive charge on the nucleus is Ze, where Z is the
over the junction. atomic number (in case of hydrogen atom, Z=1). As, the
Therefore, the small reverse current remains almost centripetal force is provided by the electrostatic force of
attraction, we have
constant over a sufficiently long range of reverse bias,
increasing very little with increasing voltage (OC portion of mu 1 (2) xe
the graph). r
4TTEO
This reverse current is voltage independent upto certain
or mo?
INU" = --(i)
voltage known as breakdown voltage and this voltage 4πε,
independent current is called reverse saturation current
From the first postulate of Bohr's atomic model, the angular
Use of p-n Junction Characteristics in Rectification momentum of the electron is
From forward and reverse characteristics, it is clear that h
mur =n
current flows through the junction diode only in forward 27
bias not in reverse bias, i.e. Current flows only in one
direction.
where, n (= 1, 2, 3, ....) is principal quantum number.
Or
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
hiso
2
....(iii)
(i) Refer to Q 8. (1) r=n

Tomze
(ii) During the first half of input cycle, the upper end of the coil
This is the equation for the radii of the permitted orbits.
is at positive potential and lower end at negative potential. According to this equation, r, ocnº.
The function diode D is for biased | D, in reverse
biased. Current flows in output load in the direction shown Since, n = 1, 2, 3, ... it follows that the radii of the permitted
in ligure. During the second half of input cycle, D, is orbits increase in the ratio 1:4:9:16 .......... from the
1

forward biased first orbit.

|
 160 CBSE Term 11 | Physics XII

The radius of the first orbit (n = 1) of hydrogen atom Substituting in Eq. (ii), we get
(Z = 1 ) will be rı = h£/ time?.
nºha ...(iii)
This is called Bohr's radius and its value is 0.53Å. Since T=
47’mke
pocn?, the radius of the second orbit of hydrogenatom will ταη2
be (4x0.53)Å and that of the third orbit (9x0.53) Å.
As, radius of electron's nth orbit in hydrogen atom, Now, kinetic energy of electron
E h² KE = = (1/2)mu? = ke? /2r
it me2nd Also, potential energy, PE =- ke? / 2r
1, on
2
Energy of electron in nth orbit,
(b) Total energy, E = K+U ke2 ke? 41ʻmke?
2

E
Ze2 nh
2r 2 nh2
From Eq. (i), mu.
4περ(m2) 2π 2n+mke+
En = ...(iv)
Ze2 n

1) =

2ɛhn 21+mke+ Rhc

where, R= E
2 ... (v)
ch3
1 Ze?
2
or K = mun
2 2 . (iv) where, n=1,2,3...
2 8chn? 1
Ze2 z em For n = n; > En 02
and U = n
22
4περη 4ešhan Rhc
Em 2
-z'e'm ni
Total energy, E=K+U =
Bezhan2
22

and
Eng 2
Rhc

EOC
ng 1
n
By Bohr’s postulates, Eng - Em = hv
(ii) According to question, shortest wavelength of the spectral Rhc (1/n -1/n}] = hv
lines emitted in Balmer series is given by
1 1] 107
where, c = velocity of light
2
= R
2 002
(: R -10) v = Rc (1/n - 1/ng]
4
But AE = hv
4
>> 2= = 4x10-7 1 1 4
me 1 1
10 V = Rc
2 2
or y =
1 = 4000Å ni ni 8€ 23 ni

Or

Let an electron revolves around the nucleus of hydrogen

When electron in hydrogen atom jumps from energy state
n;= 4 to ng= 3, 2, 1, the Paschen, Balmer and Lyman
atom. The necessary centripetal force is provided by spectral series are found.
electrostatic force of attraction.
Total energy, E(SV)
Series limit
01

+Ze
r
-1.0
n =3
IT Prund Series
Brackett series
Excited
Oem -2.01
Nucleus
Paschen series state
-30!
-3.4 in = 2
40 Balmer series n = 2

-50
mv ke? ke? ...(i) -6,0

muEnergy—
.. TE

r ?
-7.0
where, m is mass of electron and v is its speed of a circular -8.01
path of radius r.
By Bohr's second postulates, -9.04

mor = nh/2, where n =1, 2, ... -10.0

r = nh/2temu ... (ii) -11.0

On comparing Eqs. (i) and (i), we get -12.01

ke? nh
U=
27cke2 -13.0
nh -13.61
mo 2Tonu Ground state
-14.0 % Lyman Series n = 1

)
l
e
(
Physics
Class 12th (Term II)

Practice Paper *
2
(Unsolved)

General Instructions • Time: 2 Hours

• Max. Marks : 35
1. There are 9 questions in the question paper. All questions are compulsory.
2. Question no. 1 is a Case Based Question, which has five MCQs. Each question carries one mark
3. Question no. 2-6 are Short Answer Type Questions. Each question carries 3 marks.
4. Question no. 7-9 are Long Answer Type Questions. Each question carries 5 marks.
5. There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have been provided in some questions. Students have to attempt
only one of the alternatives in such questions.
* As exact Blue-print and Pattern for CBSE Term II exams is not released yet. So the pattern of this
paper is designed by the author on the basis of trend of past CBSE Papers. Students are advised
not to consider the pattern of this paper as official, it is just for practice purpose.

1. Direction Read the following passage and answer the questions that follows
Excited State of Atom

At room temperature, most of the H-atoms are in ground state. When an atom receives some energy (i.e. by
electron collisions), the atom may acquire sufficient energy to raise electron to higher energy state. In this
condition, the atom is said to be in excited state. From the excited state, the electron can fall back to a state
of lower energy, emitting a photon equal to the energy difference of the orbit.
)
Unbound (ionised)
atom

n=5
-0.85
n=4

-0.51 n=3 Excited

states

3.40 n=2

Ground state

-136 n=1
 162 CBSE Term II Physics XII

In a mixture of H—He* gas (He* is single ionised He atom), H-atoms and He+ ions are excited to their respective
first excited states. Subsequently, H atoms transfer their total excitation energy to Het ions (by collisions).
+

(i) The
(a) 2
quantum number n of the state finally populated in He+ ions is
(b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
(ü) The wavelength of light emitted in the visible region by He+ ions after collisions with H-atoms is
(a) 65 x 10-m (b)5.6 x 10-7m (c) 4.8x 10-7m (d) 4.0x10-7m
(ii) The ratio of kinetic energy of the electrons for the H-atom to that of He ion for n = 2 is
1
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d) 2
4 2

(iv) The radius of the ground state orbit of H-atom is

EO h²0 πme? 21h 80
(b) (d)
home? Time? h me?

(v) Angular momentum of an electron in H-atom in first excited state is

h h 211
(a) (b) (c) d)
77
TT 2π h h

2. For a given lens, the magnification was found to be twice as large when the object was 0.15 m distant from it
than when the distance was 0.2 m. What is the focal length of the lens?
Or An astronomical telescope has objective and eyepiece of focal lengths 40 cm and 4 cm, respectively. Find the
distance by which the lenses must be separated, so that image of an object 200 cm away from the objective can
be seen at infinity. Also, draw the ray diagram.
3. (i) Why do we need the oil drops in Millikan's experiment to be of microscopic sizes? Why cannot we carry out
the experiment with bigger drops?
(ii) What happens to the wavelength of a photon after it collides with an electron?
(iii) Can X-rays cause photoelectric effect?
4. (i) What is the ratio of the number of holes and the number of conduction electrons in an intrinsic
semiconductor?
(ii) Draw the energy band diagram of n-type semiconductor.
(iii) Draw I versus V graph of a forward biased junction diode.
Or If each diode in figure has a forward bias resistance of 25 and infinite resistance in reverse bias, what will be
the values of the currents 11, 12, 13 and 14?
14 125 W
B
A w
13 125 W
с w D

12 125 W
F
E
11 25 W
G Н

5 V

|
5. (i) Why is the core of a nuclear reactor one of its most important part?
(ii) Why is the number of neutrons in heavier nuclei more than the number of protons?
(iii) Name the element with which control rods in nuclear reactors are made up.
6. (i) Identify the part of the electromagnetic spectrum used in (i) radar and (ii) eye surgery.Write their frequency
range.

(ii) Prove that the average energy density of the oscillating electric field is equal to that of the oscillating
magnetic field.

(
CBSE Term II | Physics XII 163

Or State clearly how a microwave oven works to heat up a food item containing water molecules.
Why are microwaves found useful for the raw systems in aircraft navigation?
7. Show that the refractive index of the material of a prism is given by
sin
(A +8m)
2
U= where, symbols have their usual meanings.
A
sin
2

Or (i) A point object O is kept in a medium of refractive index n, infront of a convex spherical surface of radius of
curvature R which separates the second medium of refractive index nz from the first one, as shown in the
figure. Draw the ray diagram showing the image formation and deduce the relationship between the object
distance and the image distance in terms of ni,
n2 and R.
П2
n1
с

U R

(ii) When the image formed above acts as a virtual object for a concave spherical surface separating the medium
n2 from n (n2>nı), draw this ray diagram and write the similar (similar to (i)] relation. Hence, obtain the
expression for the lens Maker's formula.
8. (i) When the width of the slit is made double, how would this effect the size and intensity of the central
diffraction band? Justify your answer with the help of diagram.
(ii) Write three characteristic features to differentiate between diffraction and interference.
Or (i) Consider two coherent sources S, and S, producing monochromatic waves to produce interference pattern.
Let the displacement of the wave produced by S, be given by yı = a cos wt and the displacement by S, be
Y 2 =a cos(wt +°). Find out the expression for the amplitude of the resultant displacement at a point and show
that the intensity at that point will be
I=4a cos
2

Hence, establish the conditions for constructive and destructive interference.

(ii) What is the effect on the interference fringes in Young's double slit experiment, when
(a) the width of the source slit is increased and
(b) the monochromatic source is replaced by a source of white light?
9. (i) How is a depletion region formed in p-n junction?
(ii) With the help of a labelled circuit diagram, explain how a junction diode is used as a full wave rectifier. Draw
its input and output waveforms.
(iii) How do you obtain steady DC output from the pulsating voltage?
Or (i) Explain with the help of suitable diagram, the two processes which occur during the formations of a p-n a

junction diode. Hence, define the terms (i) depletion region and (ii) potential barrier.
(ii) Draw a circuit diagram of a p-n junction diode under forward bias and explain its working.

Answers
1. (i), (ii) c, (iii) a, (iv) b, (v) a 2. 0.10 m Or 54 cm 4. Or 0.05 A, 0.025 A, OA, 0.05 A
Physics
Class 12th (Term II)

Practice Paper 3*
(Unsolved)
General Instructions Time: 2 Hours
Max. Marks : 35
1. There are 9 questions in the question paper. All questions are compulsory,
2. Question no. 1 is a Case Based Question, which has five MCQs. Each question carries one mark.
3. Question no. 2-6 are Short Answer Type Questions. Each question carries 3 marks.
4. Question no. 7-9 are Long Answer Type Questions. Each question carries 5 marks.
5. There is no overall choice. However, internal choices have been provided in some questions. Students have to attempt
only one of the alternatives in such questions.
* As exact Blue-print and Pattern for CBSE Term Il exams is not released yet. So the pattern of this
paper is designed by the author on the basis of trend of past CBSE Papers. Students are advised
not to consider the pattern of this paper as official, it is just for practice purpose.

1. Direction Read the following passage and answer the questions thatfollows
Total Internal Reflection
Total internal reflection is the phenomenon of reflection of light into denser medium at the interface of denser
medium with a rarer medium. Light must travel from denser to rarer and angle of incidence in denser medium
1
must be greater than critical angle (ic) for the pair ofmedia in contact, we can show u =

sin ic
B
Rarer
medium
(air) Water-air
011 Ozil 4 interface

TN
IN Totally
Denser reflected ray
medium Partially
(water) reflected rays
A с

(i) In total internal reflection, light ray is

(a) travelling through a denser medium is completely reflected back to denser medium
(b) travelling through adenser medium is completely refracted to rarer medium
a

(c) light ray is partially reflected back to denser medium and partially refracted to rarer medium
denser medium
(d) absorbed completely
(ii) Total internal reflection of a light ray travelling from denser medium to rarer medium occurs only, when
angle of incidence is
(a) 45° (b) 90°

(c) acute
(d) more than a certain value
 CBSE Term II Physics XII 165

(iii) Critical angle for water-air interface is 48.6°. What is the refractive index of water?
(a) 1 (b) 3/2 (c) 4/3 (d) 3/4
(iv) Light is travelling from air to water at Zi =50°, which is greater than critical angle for air-water interface.
What fraction of light will be totally reflected?
(a) 100% (b) 50% (c) 25% (d) None of these
(v) Critical angle for glass-air interface, where refractive index u of glass is 3/2 is
(a) 41.8° (b) 60° (c) 30° (d) 44.3°

2. When four hydrogen nuclei combine to form a helium nucleus, estimate the amount of energy (in MeV) released
in this process of fusion (neglect, the masses of electrons and neutrinos). (Take, mass of įH=1.007825 u and
mass of helium nucleus =
= 4.002603 u)
3. (i) Ifæ, & Mo are the electric permittivity & magnetic permeability of free space and ε & u are the corresponding
quantities in the medium. Find the index of refraction of the medium in terms of above parameter.
(ii) An electromagnetic wave is travelling in vacuum with a speed of 3 x 108 m/s. Find the velocity in a medium
having relative electric permittivity and magnetic permeability 2 and 1, respectively.
Or Answer the following questions.
(i) Name the waves which are produced during radioactive decay of a nucleus. Write their frequency range.
(ii) Welders wear special glass goggles while working. Explain, why.
(iii) Why are infrared waves often called as heat waves? Give their one application.
4. In the following figures, indicate which of the diodes are forward biased and which are reverse biased?
q+3V
9+11V

以 w
(i) 本 ww (ii) (üi)
6-5V
+7V

Or Predict the effect on the electrical properties of a silicon crystal at room temperature, if every millionth silicon
atom is replaced by an atom of indium. Given, concentration of silicon atoms = 5 x 1028 m-3, intrinsic carrier
-3
concentration = 1.5 x 1016 m P, Me = 0.135 m3/V-s and 41 = 0.048m3 / V-s.
5. A neutron of mass (m) = 1.66 x 10-27kg having energy (E) =S.28 x 10-21J at 127° C is moving in a waveform, then
=

its de-Broglie wavelength can be calculated as,

(given, Boltzmann constant, k = 1.38 x 10-23J mol-? K-1 and Planck's constant, h = 6.63 x 10-34 J-s)

2=
h 6.63 x 10-34
V2mE V2* 1.66 x 10-27 * 8.28 x 10-21
a = 1.264 x 10-10 m = 1.264 Å
If the energy of neutron will not be given, then suggest an alternative method to find the wavelength.
6. (i) A diverging lens of focal length f is cut into two identical parts, each forming a plano-convex lens. What is the
1 focal length of each part?
(ii) A ray of light passes through an equilateral glass prism, such that the angle of incidence is equal to angle of
convergence and each of these angles is equal to (3/4)th of angle of prism. What is the value of angle of deviation?
Or (i) Out of blue and red lights, which is more deviated by a prism? Give reason.
(ii) Give one application of prism.
(iii) If a prism of 5° angle gives deviation of 3.2°, then what will be the refractive index of prism?

|
 166 CBSE Term 11 Physics XII

7. Define the Q-value of a nuclear process. When can a nuclear process not proceed spontaneously? If both the number
of protons and the number of neutrons are conserved in a nuclear reaction in what way is mass converted into energy
(or vice-versa) in the nuclear reaction?
Or (i) (a) Why is the mass of a nucleus always less than the sum of masses of constituents, neutrons and protons?
(b) What is obtained by fusion of two deuterons?
(c) He and He nuclei have the same mass number
Do they have same bindng energy?
(ii) The bombardment of lithium with protons gives rise to the following reaction
{Li
+ —He + , He + Energy
+

The atomic masses of lithium, hydrogen and helium are 7.016 amu, 1.008 amu and 4.004 amu, respectively.
Find the initial energy of each helium atom. (Take, 1 amu = 931 MeV/cº)
8. (i) Draw a circuit arrangement for studying V-I characteristics of a p-n junction diode in
(a) forward bias and (b) reverse bias.
Show typical V-I characteristics of a silicon diode.
(ii) State the main practical application of LED. Explain, giving reason, why the semiconductor used for
fabrication of visible light LEDs must have a band gap of at least (nearly) 1.8 eV.
Or (i) Draw the circuit arrangement for studying the V-I characteristics of a p-n junction diode in (a) forward and (b)
reverse bias. Briefly explain how the typical V-l characteristics of a diode are obtained and draw these
characteristics.
(ü) With the help of necessary circuit diagram, explain the working of a photodiode used for detecting optical
signals.
9. What is diffraction of light? Draw a graph showing the variation of intensity with angle in a single slit diffraction
experiment. Write one feature which distinguishes the observed pattern from the double slit interference
pattern.
How would the diffraction pattern of a single slit be affected, when
(i) the width of the slit is decreased and
(ii) the monochromatic source of light is replaced by a source of white light?
Or (i) A ray of light falls on a transparent sphere with centre C as shown in the figure. The ray emerges from the
sphere parallel to the line AB. Find the angle of refraction of A, if the refractive index of material ofsphere is 13.
Also, draw the refracted ray in the given figure.
Air А, с Air
B

60°

(ii) The image obtained with a convex lens is erect and its length is four times the length of the object. If the focal
length of the lens is 20 cm, calculate the object and image distances.

Answers
1/2
HE 3
1. (i) c, (ii) d, (iii), (iv)d, (v) a 2. 26.72 MeV 3. (1)
(HoEo)
(ii)
12 x<*m
108 m/s 5. 1.264 Å

6. (1)2f, (ii) 30° or (iii) 164 7. Or (ii) 7.488 MeV 9. Or (i) 30° (ii) u = 15 cm, v = 60 cm