1.

7   Assumption

1.8   Limitation of study

CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2.1  Historical basis of the news flow

2.2  Media imperialism in Africa: A Historical perspective

2.3  Nigeria mass media: tools for cultural invasion

2.4  Reasons for the existing imbalance in information flow in

Nigeria.

2.5  Effects of the imbalance information flow on Nigeria

2.6  Efforts at correcting the news imbalance

CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

3.1  Research method

3.2  Research design

3.3  Research sample
3.4  Measuring instrument

3.5  Data collection

3.6  Data analysis

3.7  Expected Result

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1  Data analysis and result

4.2  Result

4.3  Discussion

4.4  Proving research questions

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1  Summary

5.2  Recommendation

Appendix

Questionnaires
Bibliography

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0  BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The world information flow controversy is perhaps the most
topical issue in international communities today.

This global controversy is basically about the demand by the

south for a change in the present pattern of information flow
between it and the north. The south also knows that the third
world or under developed or developing countries of the world
contends that there is gross unbalance both in quality and
quantity, in global information flow between the south and the
north, also known as the first world countries of the world.

This unbalance according to the south, has placed it at the

receiving end as developing countries are daily bombarded with
information and other media materials which do not meet their
development needs and more importantly tend to debase  their
culture and portray them as inferior in the eyes of all.

Supporting this assertion, Okunna (1993:92) say, A lot of

research evidence has been gathered over the year to
demonstrate the unbalance in the quality and particularly,
quantity of global mass communication. This unbalance with the
attendant dangers of culture domination through mass
communication in at the root of protracted demand for a new
world information and communication.
The north on its own part argues that the flow of information
should be free and unrestricted quoting the 1940 united Nation
(UN) declaration on the freedom of information as the basis of
her arguments.

According to the \un declaration of 1946, all state should

proclaim policies under which the free flow of information
within countries and across national boundaries could be
protected. This free flow of information itself could be on
offshoot from the liberation press theory of value of free
information. Although third world countries accept the freedom
of their citizens to receive and disseminate information they
argue that such information freedom be checked in the interest
of their sovereignty

The south, therefore rejects free flow of information in which

there is an overwhelming amount of information flowing from a
small number of industrialized countries into the numerous
countries of the developing world. This rejection is partly rooted
in the negative effects or consequences of this type of flow on
cultures of the third world countries cultural imperialism  or
synchronization could be a resultant effect of the unhindered
and unbalance global information flow.

Supporting the south’s line of argument, Opubor (1986:4) says, it

is a very difficult state of affair indeed that a small group of
people concentrated in four countries can arrogate onto
themselves and preempt the management of our image of the
world through controlling what is called news. Expressing similar
views, Uche (1996:4) states, the western media’s on sought
against Africa and the third world has continued to better and
dent the image of the people of the southern hemisphere who
are protracted as lesser beings. The demand for a new world
information and communication order (NWICO) which Nigeria
subscribes to is therefore borne out of the design to change the
present pattern of the world information flow and also free her
citizens form being passive receivers of distorted and biased
information.

Historically, the new world information and communication

orders debate has its root in the 1976 UN declaration on
freedom of information. The disagreement stated in 1948 when
Russia and her Allies opposed the idea of freedom of
information at the Genva convention. The earliest quantitative
study on it was the international press institute’s 1953 study of
which suggested that there was unbalance the global news flow.

The debate gathered momentum in the 1960’s and 1990’s the

united national educational scientific and cultural organizations
involvement began precisely in 1970 when the issue was first
tabled at its general conference. Two years later, the majority of
its delayed resolved that there was potential danger of global
news flow unbalance.

In 1974, the UNESCO conference approved a declaration on the

new international economic order (NIEO) several other efforts
were made before UNESCO in 1977 appointed a – 1b – man
committee of communication experts headed by an Irish
diplomat, san Macbrige to study the world communication
problems and make recommendations. The Macbrige report
was submitted in 1980. the report stated in no uncertain terms
that there is unbalance domination is a reality of this
unbalanced (Okenna, 1993:94) This did not go down well with
some western countries. However the UNESCO chairman then
Senegalese Amadon Mahtar M’Bow defended it stoutly, arguing
that freedom of information in one directions freedom and
liberty are not the monopolies of any group.

The argument however did not impress the west, as united

states of America (USA) pulled out of UNESCO, in 1985 Britain
and Singapore followed suit, maintaining that Nwico declaration
was an endinic hostility towards the institution of free press,
free market and above all individuals human rights. UNESCO,
however remains unmoved and insisted that NWICO will bring
about “more justice, more equity reciprocity information
exchange, less dependence in commutation flow less
downwards diffusion of message, more self reliance and cultural
identity, more benefit for all man kind” because of the complex
nature of this debate and the opposing stand of the different
ideologies involvement the debatee has consumed many man
hours and according to Juan Somavia, “This might lead to the
wars major conflict among nations after the world wars.

1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS

Third world countries like Nigeria suffer the consequences of
the global information flow unbalance and faced with cultural
subjugation and conquest by the first world which threatens
their existence as sovereign nation states through cultural
imperialism. Given the nature of the international
communication system, there have always been fears that the
massive flow of western countries, predominantly America,
media cultures into non-western countries of the third world
could lead to cultural dominations which distort and displace
native cultures and lead to adoption of foreign lifestyle and
behavioral patterns

1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objectives of this study is find out the degree of  unbalance
in global information flow between the first world and the third
world. This study also examine the cultural context of the global
information flow and highlights how it affect the countries of the
third world. Finally thus study will attempt to offer suggestion
and propose a model of international communication that will
help bring about desired global understanding.

1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

As one of the most topical and persistent issues in international
communication and world politics today it is pertinent to find
out the effects of the global information flow unbalance on third
world countries. Although numerous studies have been
conducted on this particularly issue, the resolution of the
controversy about the world information flow pattern, also the
target population of the studies have been diverse, but these
studies will survey the opinion of enlightened and educated
population of the issue that is undergraduates of mass
communication of the HNDI and HNDII levels of study. Finally
this study will analyze the old issue under a new setting the
present world situation and purpose new ways different from all
others for the resolution of the controversies surrounding the
global information flow pattern. Here lies the uniqueness of this
study

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION

These research question serves as a guide in finding answers to
problems being investigated and hence they focus on the major
problems.

RQI – To what extent does unbalance exist in global information

flow between the first and the third word?
RQII – To what extent do cultural values form part of the global
information flow between the first and the third world?
RQIII – What are the effects of the world information flow
unbalance on third cultures.
RQIV – To do third countries especially Nigeria poses the
potentials to counter first world media influences on their
culture and bridge information flow unbalance.
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
The following assumption which are subject to testing the are
made for the purpose of this research work.

H1: World politics today is an effective means of finding out the

effects of global information flow unbalance on third world
countries.

Ho1: World politics today is not an effective means of finding out

the effects of global information flow unbalance on third world
countries

1.6 DEFINITION OF TERMS

The south: This refers to developing or under developed
countries of the world. They are also called third world
countries.

The North: Refers to the developed countries of the west. They

are called first world countries.
Information flow: This is the movement of all mass media
messages from one country to another.
Unbalance: This is the unequal flow of mass media can also be
seen as unidirectional flow which means the one sided flow of
information from the developed world.
Cultural Imperialism: This refers to the subjugation of a local
culture and the in position of an alien culture.
Cultural Traniangulation: This is intended to mean the process
of selecting cross cultural entertainment, information and other
media products from those countries whose cultural product
are meaningful.
Cultural Synchronization: This implies that the tariff of cultural
products goes massively in one direction and has basically a
synchronic mode. The north offers the model with which the
receiving parties synchronize local social inventiveness and
cultural creatively are usually destroyed.
Global: This is a word used interchangeably with world.
Inter Dependence: It is used here to means that each actor or
participate in the information flow controversy would aim at
being truly independent and self reliance before involving itself
fully in global cooperation activities and projects.
Association: This implies that a nation in corporate into its
development only those aspects communication technology and
development that are meaningful to its well being.
Dissociation: This portrays a growing separation and isolation.
1.7 ASSUMPTION
1. The researcher assumes that world politics has an important
role to play in finding out the effect of global information flow
unbalance on third world countries.

2. These research also assumes that without concentration on

world politics the global information flow on third world
countries is left imbalance.

3. Even at world politics some third world countries have not

realized the importance of global information flow.

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Copyright © 2022 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article.
This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution License 4.0

Final Year Project Topics for Mass Communication global

information global information flow global information flow
unbalance information flow INFORMATION FLOW
IMBALANCE information flow unbalance Mass Communication
Final Year Project Mass Communication Final Year Project
Topics Mass Communication project topics Mass
Communication project topics and materials Mass
Communication project topics in Nigeria Mass Communication
research topics world information flow imbalance
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