UNDERSTANDING CULTURE SOCIETY AND POLITICS WEEK 6

Title: FUNCTIONS AND IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION IN THE SOCIETY

Most Essential Learning Competency:

Examine the functions and importance of education in the society

What I need to know:

Back in Modules 6, Education, was defined as that which refers to the formal and informal process of transmitting the knowledge,
beliefs and skills from one generation to the next. The school is the social institution that has prevalent influence in shaping the
minds of the younger generation through education. This is a hot topic now-a-days due to the rise of a “new normal” triggered by
the on-going pandemic. We are part of evolution of the educational system in the Philippines as the Department is trying to hold
dearly to its goals of giving quality learning opportunities for all. Your role, as learners, is not only to take in what is given to you by
the system but more importantly to take part in its over-all development.

Learning objectives:
Differentiate the types of Education
Identify and internalize one’s role in social groups and institutions

What I know: Pre -Test

Read each item carefully, choose the letter of the correct answer and write your answers in your notebook.

1. It is a broad range of educational approaches, including self-learning and homeschooling.

A. Formal Education B.Informal Education C. Non formal Education D. Semi-formal Education

2. The process through which skills, knowledge and values are transmitted from the teachers to learners.
A.Education B. Family C. Society D. State

3. Carlo is 18yrs old now. He stopped schooling when he was 8yrs old he may be too old to go back to formal education. What
would be your advice to him to continue his schooling?
A.Hang out with your gangs C.Do take care of your younger siblings
B. Stay home and play online games D.Enroll to Alternative Learning System

4. It has an approved curriculum, which has the course outline, the prescribed number of sessions to end the lesson and
authentic assessment and output.
A. Formal Education B.Informal Education C. Non formal Education D. Semi-formal Education

5. An international initiative launched in 1990 at Jomtien, Thailand by UNESCO, UNDP, UNFPA, UNICEF and the World Bank
A. Alternative learning System B. Balikatan Exercises C. Education for All D.K-12 Curriculum

6.The following are examples of non-formal education, EXCEPT?

A. Fitness program C.School grading, college and university degrees
B.Community-based adult education courses D.Free courses for adult education developed by some organization

7. Which of the following is an example of formal education?

A.senior high school C. ALS (Alternative Learning System)
B.adult education courses D.community based sports program

8. A social institution through which a society’s children are taught basic academic knowledge, learning skills, and cultural norms.
A. Church B. Family C.Government D. School.

9. A program designed to give students a chance to learn in the ways that work for them.
A.Alternative Learning B.Modular learning C.Online Distance learning D. Traditional Learning

10. A lifelong process whereby every individual acquires attitudes, values, skills and knowledge from daily experience
A.Formal Education B. Informal Education C.Non-Formal Education D. Semi- Formal Education
What’s in?

Education is a social institution through which a society’s children are taught basic academic knowledge, learning skills, and
cultural norms. Every nation in the world is equipped with some form of education system, though those systems vary greatly. The
major factors affecting education systems are the resources and money that are utilized to support those systems in different
nations. Traditional leaning is usually facilitated in using a formal set up that is within the confines of a classroom. Recent events
however have have put constraints on the traditional way of learning.As of the moment public schools in the Philippines are using
printed modular activities to as a means of facilitation distance learning. Some private schools on the other hand are capable of
using online distance leaning as a means for facilitation of learning. Similarly, the rise of alternative education programs
were designed to give students a chance to learn in the ways that work for them. The aim of this program is to help students to
regain their self-esteem and their interest in learning by appealing to their individual needs.

Educational Approaches:
Formal Education structured, chronologically graded ‘education system’, running from primary school through
the university and including, in addition to general academic studies, a variety of specialised
programmes and institutions for full-time technical and professional training.
Informal Education –a lifelong process whereby every individual acquires attitudes, values, skills and knowledge
from daily experience and the educative influences and resources in his or her environment
– from family and neighbours, from work and play, from the market place, the library and the
mass media.
Non- Formal Education – any organized educational activity outside the established formal system
– whether operating separately or as an important feature of some broader activity
– that is intended to serve identifiable learning clienteles and learning objectives.

Guided Activity
Given the description for each Educational Approach. Give 2 examples for each based on your experience.

Guided Assessment
Identification
______1. It is a structured, chronologically graded education system running from primary school through the university.
______2. A means of learning used in public schools in the Philippines to facilitate distance learning at home.
______3. A lifelong process whereby every individual acquires attitudes, values, skills and knowledge from daily experience and
the educative influences and resources in his or her environment.
_______4. A program initiated by the Department of Education designed to give students a chance to learn in the ways that work
for them.
_______5. Any.organized educational activity outside the established formal system.

Enrichment: Functions of Education

From a sociological perspective, education has manifest and latent functions. Manifest function refers to the
intended function of social policies, processes, or actions that are consciously and deliberately designed to be beneficial in their
effect on society. As the child stays in school, one becomes learned in reading, writing and mathematics as well as other skills and
facts taught in the educational institution. Meanwhile, a latent function is one that is not consciously intended, but still has a
beneficial effect on society. An example of latent function is the establishment of peer relationships, as learners when within
school premises are able to socialize with each other. Manifest and latent functions served within school are most relevant in the
development of the learner however problems that arise within and during schooling will or may ultimately affect society’s future.

Here are some theoretical perspectives about education

Theoretical Perspective Major Assumption

Functionalism Education serves several functions for society. These include
(a) Socialization - education is a primary vehicle to learn the norms, values, and skills
children need to function in society
(b) social integration - for a society to work, people must subscribe to a common set of
beliefs and values.
(c) social placement - students are identified by teachers and other school officials either as
bright and motivated or as less bright and even educationally challenged.
(d) social and cultural innovation - great artists, and thinking and skilled professionals must
 first be educated in the many subjects they need to know in order to perform well in their
chosen path.
Conflict Theory Education promotes social inequality through the use of tracking and standardized testing and the
impact of its “hidden curriculum.” (a set of values and beliefs that support the status quo, including
the existing social hierarchy (Booher-Jennings, 2008))
Schools differ widely in their funding and learning conditions, and this type of inequality leads to
learning disparities that reinforce social inequality.
Symbolic Interactionism This perspective focuses on social interaction in the classroom, on the playground, and in other
school venues.
Specific research finds that social interaction in schools affects the development of gender roles and
that teachers’ expectations of pupils’ intellectual abilities affect how much pupils learn.
Certain educational problems have their basis in social interaction and expectations.

INDEPENDENT ACTIVITY

Reflect on the theoretical perspectives of the functions of Education and answer the following questions.
1. Which perspective do you agree with and which of these perspectives apply to the Philippine educational setting in a realistic
sense.
2. Look back in your previous years of schooling and compare it ti how your learn now. Identify the hidden curriculum that was
established before and compared to the hidden curriculum that is being established now.

Crossword Puzzle
ACROSS DOWN
1. A function that is not consciously intended, 1. Theory that posits that education promotes
but still has a beneficial effect on society social inequality through the use of tracking
2. A theoretical perspective focuses on and standardized testing and the impact of its
social interaction in the classroom, on “hidden curriculum.”
the playground, and in other school venues. 2. A theoretical perspective which posits that
education serves several functions for society
3. A fucntion of eduction which refers to the
intended function of social policies, processes,
or actions that are consciously and deliberately
designed to be beneficial in their effect on society.

Enrichment 2 - Goals and Objectives of Philippine Education

Education for All or EFA is an international initiative launched in 1990 at Jomtien, Thailand by UNESCO, UNDP, UNFPA,
UNICEF and the World Bank. Its goal being an 'expanded vision of learning' and pledged to universalize primary education and
massively reduce illiteracy by the end of the decade.They identified six key education goals which aim to meet the learning needs
of all children, youth and adults by 2015.
The six goals are:
(a) expand and improve comprehensive early childhood care and education, especially for the most vulnerable and
disadvantaged children;
(b) ensure that by 2015 all children, particularly girls, those in difficult circumstances, and those belonging to ethnic minorities,
have access to and complete, free and compulsory primary education of good quality;
(c) ensure that the learning needs of all young people and adults are met through equitable access to appropriate learning and
life-skills programmes;
(d) achieve a 50% improvement in adult literacy by 2015, especially for women, and equitable access to basic and continuing
education for all adults;
(e) eliminate gender disparities in primary and secondary education by 2005, and achieve gender equality in education by 2015,
with a focus on ensuring girls' full and equal access to and achievement in basic education of good quality; and
(f) improve all aspects of the quality of education and ensure the excellence of all so that recognized and measurable learning
outcomes are achieved by all, especially in literacy, numeracy and essential life skills. (Source: World Education Forum 2000).

In line with the EFA initiative following goals have been pointed out as the over all objective of Philippine Education in the
Secondary and Tertiary Levels
1. To provide a general education program that will promote national identity, cultural consciousness, moral integrity and spiritual
vigor
2. To train the nation's manpower in the skills required for national development
3. To develop the professions that will provide leadership for the nation
4. To advance knowledge through research work and apply new knowledge for improving the quality of human life and
responding effectively to changing societal needs and conditions.

Independent Activity:
1. Read the Goals of the Education for All initiative thoroughly and compare them to the objectives Philippine Education.
2. Remember your experiences in school that prove that these objectives are implemented thoroughly
3. Think of an ideal curriculum where in these objectives will most likely be achieved either manifestly or latently.

Reflection and evaluation:

Answer these questions to evaluate what you learned in this lesson.
What part of the lesson do you find most interesting and easy to understand?
What concpets do you find difficult to grasp and difficult to understand?

*note.
 Kindly answer all activities.
 If you have already answered the online link given during your on line walkthrough you do not need to submit an
answer sheet for this module
 If you find some concepts difficult you are encourage to discuss your concerns and clarifications with your
teacher facilitator.
 Do not write anything on this booklet. Kindly write your answers on the medium specified by your teacher
facilitator. .