Jai Meena 2

February 13, 2022 by Dr. Siva Sarma Pothukuchi

TIME MEASUREMENT
(Astronomical events & Phenomena)

Time Quantification of time, Rishis observed the nature, events constantly present, constant never changing,
never altering events, events constantly present will not change or alter quickly. Everyday brightness seen in the
world, by appearance of sun (rising SUN), darkness disappearance of SUN, appearance of MOON. (Moon rise &
MOON disappearance).
Sun, Moon are luminaries taken for time measurements.
AHO – DAY, RATRAM - night, AHO RATRAM is one day. 12 hrs day 12 hrs darkness – one day.
One sun rise to another sun rise is one day.
360 one year – Ayana, Maha Yagas
(Like wise Nirvana Period – death of a great person, Shatavahana sakas.)
 Thruti – ( a second) unit of time taken for piercing the lotus petal.
 Lipta - opening and closing of eye lid.
 6 Liptas = I vighadiyas ( 4 Seconds)
 1 Vighadiya = (6 X 4 ) 24 Seconds.
 60 Vighadiya = 1 ghadiya (24 seconds X60) (1440/60 = 24) = 24 Minutes
 2 Ghadiyas = one Muhurtha ( 48 minutes)
 1 Muhurtha = 48 minutes.
 30 Muhurthas = 1 day (48X30 = 1440 minutes) = 24 hours.

Brahma Muhurtham – (for success) 96 minutes before the sun rise & continue from there for 48 Minutes.
So 1440 / 48 min = 30 Muhurthas in a day.

For Pujas certain times are very auspicious.

96 Min before 48 min before sun rise time that day

BRAHMA MUHURTAM 48 min

Brahma Muhurtham for success and very auspicious.

Natal Chart – divine chart – is divine message in the form of coded language, Planets, Stars channelize the
celestial powers.

Muhurtha chart at that particular time (Gochara) 30 Shubha Muhurthas.

To give the information by Rishis, almanac Panchangam handbook. (publication containing
astronomical and meteorological data for a given year and often including a miscellany of other
information).
Ephemeris - Ephemerides, table giving the positions of one or more celestial bodies, published by
indian Govt (official Mr. Meghanath Saha, Astro physicist along with Indian metrological dept, reform
committee prepare a calendar, a nationally uniformly accepted as Rashtriya Panchangam in Gregorian
year Jan – Dec
Taking the Longitude of selected location Mirzapur, Tuni keeping IST in mind.
We have Kanchi kamakoti panchangam,
On Ugadi day if you listen to Panchanga sravana is very auspicious.
(Gregorian year is Jan – Dec)
The Vedic calendar or lunar calendar Chaitra shudda Padyami is first day.
Basic concepts of Panchanga – is nothing but a hand book contains 5 different aspects, angas ( limbs)
collected from celestial world. Speed of the planets given, starting point and ending point of lagna for
common man.
HINDU CONCEPT OF LIFE (SANKALPA)

 1. TITHI
 2 VAARA
 3 NAKSHATRA
 4 YOGA
 5 KARNA

1. TITHI: is also called lunar day.

The longitude at the relative distance from sun & Moon relative to earth.
Earth rotating around the SUN , Moon rotates around the earth. When Moon is quite opposite to SUN masking
the earth. When SUN is masked is known as New Moon day – Amavasya. We can not see the moon. During the
course of Moon rotation 12 degrees to one side a part of moon is visible, slight bright position Moon that 12°
movement of moon away from sun is called one Tithi (First). 1st day after the new moon day called Shukla
Padyami. 24° 2nd day Dvitiya.

NEW MOON DAY / SHUKLA PADYAMI / DVITIYA

0° AMAVASYA / 12° movement of moon / 24° of movement of moon.
Gradual increase of moon visible 180° when bright Moon called Pounami (15 days)

The Moon between sun and

Earth is New moon day –
Amavasya.

Waxing period Amavasya to

Pournami is called Shukla Paksha,
15 days

Waning period Pournami to

Amavasya is Krishna Paksha.
15 days.

15 Tithis is Pdyami – Pournami, 15 Tithis Pournami – Amavasya. 30 Tithis are called one Lunar
Month. One Chadra Manena.
In vedic astrology Lunar months are called with reference to star. Pounima day the star name the
month is called of that star.
Full moon in star Chitta is called Chaitra masam referring to Chitta Nakshatram.
If moon is in Vishakha the month is called Vaishakha masam.
TITHI’s are very important are classified in to 5
classes (classification of 30 Tithis)

1. Ananda Tithi - Padyami.

2. Bhadra Tithi - Vidiya (Dwitiya)
3. Jaya Tithi - Tadiya (Tritiya)
4. Rikta Tithi - Chaturdhi
5. Poorna Tithi - Panchami.
In this 1 to 15 are Shuklapaksha i.e 0° to 180° - less than 180 degree between sun and moon starting
from Amavasya (New moon) to Pournami and

15 to 30 Pournami to Amavasya is Krishnapaksha more than 180 degree between sun and moon in
Rashi chakra.

1 Ananda Tithi 1. Padyami (Pratipada) 6. Shashti 11. Ekadashi

2 Bhadra Tithi 2. Vidiya (Dvitiya) 7. Saptami 12. Dwadashi
3 Jaya Tithi 3. Tritiya 8. Ashtami 13. Thrayodashi
4 Rikta Tithi 4. Chaturthi 9. Navami 14. Chaturdashi
5 Poorna Tithi 5. Panchami 10. Dashami 15.Pournami

Rikta tithis are not auspicious better to avoid.

Tithi :- distance from SUN – Moon by 12 degrees.
Amavasya is also poorna thithi. Spritual activities can be initiated during Amavasya

20-Feb-2022
Introduction to basic concepts of Panchangam
Panchang = Panch (Five) + Ang (Limbs)

 Tithi : Generalised Tithi except Rikta Give good results.

 Ananda or Nanda : bestows happiness, Joy, good feeling that you did good work. Good
 Bhadra : New work, safe work, safeguard the work, right conclusion.
 Jaya : Victorious, any work with little bit extra effort victory is achieved.
 Rikta: Not desired result, the task may not get fulfilled.
 Poona : any work will lead to poonatwam (entireness) give fulfillment.

Mirzapur : U.P. the central meridian point Indian Meridian Mid way longitude East to West. Latitude also North to
South near to Mirzapur in the central part. (earlier Ujjain was taken later on as per international Mirzapur is taken).
MOON is taken as reference point.
0 – 180° 15 days Suklapaksha up to Purnami
180° - 360° 15 days Krishna Paksha up to Amavasya.
Suklapaksha astami to Krishna Paksha astami Poona chandrudu gives good results, good period.

Sashti to dasami – Madya Chandra gives Mixed results

3 types of Chandra. Poorna, Madya, Ksheena Chandra.

2nd Anga – 2nd limb of Panchang is vaaram.

Vaara :- time measuring unit. In vedic astrology system a day is “one sun rise to another sun rise is one day” 24
equal parts each one called HORA (one hour).
All the RASIs will influence the rotating earth which is being influenced by planets happened to be the lords of
Rasi. (7 planets) which own lordship of different Rasis.
Mesha to Meena 7 planet influence of them on earth. Rahu & Ketu are not given houses.
Now these planets how much time each planet control one hour in a day one hour in night time.

7 planets Mars to Jupiter try to influence events 24 hours of time.

Two letters taken from AHO & Ratram as HO RA, new term given HORA nothing but Planets control in a sequential
order.
What is the order of the planets:- Rishis taking the speed of the planets & movement taken from slowest to fastest
in to consideration
1. Saturn: the slowest – 2 ½ years to move from one RASI to another RASI.
2. Jupiter: takes 1 year to move from one RASI to another RASI.
 3. Mars: move 45 days to move from one RASI to another RASI. (1 month 15 days)
4. Sun: slowest one month to move from one RASI to another RASI
5. Venus: 27 to 28 days to move from one RASI to another RASI
6. Mercury: 26 to 27 days to move from one RASI to another RASI.
7. Moon: fastest 2 ¼ days to move from one RASI to another RASI.
Rahu & Ketu has no influence on earth.

From Earth if you draw Sun as the center point slowest to highest speed of the planets.
Inner planets Outer planets
Sun  Venus  Mercury  Moon  Saturn  Jupiter  Mars.

Sequence flowing taking movement of the planets, influencing the activities on earth per hour.
Sun rise time if SUN is present as planet influencing will be treated as first one, the name is given as per that planet
to that day.
1. Sunday: (Aditya dinam) 1st hour (HORA) 2nd hour of the HORA Venus, 3rd hour Mercury, 4th hour Moon.

SUN VENUS MERCURY MOON SATURN JUPITER MARS

1st hour 2nd hour 3rd hour 4th hour 5th hour 6th hour 7th hour
8th hour 9th hour 10th hour 11th hour 12th hour 13th hour 14th hour
15th hour 16th hour 17th hour 18th hour 19th hour 20th hour 21st hour
22nd hour 23rd hour 24th hour 2nd day 1st hr 2nd hour 3rd hour 4th hour

2nd day: Chandra – Monday – Somavaar:- from 1st hr to 24 hrs after it ends 3rd day will start.
3rd day : starts with Mars, Mangal vaaram,
Like this days are based on planets in charge first hour of that day.
Some HORA (one hour) give good results and some don’t
All HORAs are good depends what is the purpose of the work.

NAKSHTRA
Nakshatras are the stars very important limb of panchanga for functions like marriages, upanayanam,
gruha Pravesham, shifting of house.
Everyday MOON if it is present in a particular star that star is considered as that day. For 24 hours time
star of the day in which Moon is placed or positioned. The day is called by that star name like Hasta,
Jyesta.
Stars are in general in a constellation with many stars in one group.
27 stars have direct impact or influence activities on earth. Ashwini to Revati.
The moon closest to star the masam (month) names are given, Magha Masam, Chaitra masam.
How dasa of one individual starts depending on Moon position in star. That is RASI of the native.
Generally that RASI is called Janma Rasi, in which Moon is present the star is called Janma Nakshatra.
The influence based on the star effects of these nakshatra classified in to 9 different classes.
1. Janma Tara 2. Sampat Tara 3. Vipat tara 4. Kshema Tara
5. Pratyuk tara 6. Sadhaka tara 7. Nidhina (naidhina) tara
8. Mitra tara 9. Parama Mitra tara.

Sampat tara gives very good results.

4th one Kshema tara also give good results.
6, 8, 9 give good results
2, 4, 6, 8, 9 give good results
1, 3, 5, 7 does not give good results. 1 janma tara with some remedies may give good results.

Tara Balam for seeing good work, it depends on the individual Janma rara it varies from native to native.
  4 Kshema tara : good results
 5 pratyuk tara : relation is not good
 6 sadhaka tara : gives you very good results if you do hard work, practice it in achieving.
 7 Nidhina tara : Obstructions, health will affect, better to avoid.
 8. Mitra tara : good wth all people.
 9 Parama mitra tara : good rapport with all , will be very good.
Lords of these all 3 stars are Janma tara

Janma Tara 1 10 19
Sampat Tara 2 11 20
Vipat Tara 3 12 21
Kshema Tara 4 13 22
Pratyuk Tara 5 14 23
Sadhaka Tara 6 15 24
Nidhina (Naidhana) Tara 7 16 25
Mitra Tara 8 17 26
Parama mitra Tara 9 18 27

Apart from tara Balam look for “Chandra Bala’’ from RASI in which Moon is located from that Janma Rasi
if the moon is present in 3rd house you have Chandra Bala. 1, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11
1st Janma Rasi  3rd House  6th House  7th House  10th House  11th House, Chandra Bala is there

If moon is present in any of these houses  Chandra bala is there. The Job will be successful.

2, 5, 9 - generally not good houses. Your work will not be done.

If it is a Shkla paksha period (waxing moon) Subha tithi – if you take up job if moon in 2, 5, 9 will give
good results.
In Krishna Paksha if Moon is present in 4, 8, 12 houses, that will also give good result.

YOGA

The fourth part of a Panchanga is Yoga. The basis of calculating this is the position of Sun and moon.
The mathematical calculation is done to find out Yoga. The Yogas are of 27 Yogas are there. These
Yogas give results according to their names.
The energies of Sun moon put together net result is known as Yoga, its is very huge and important.
How to calculate the Yoga.
Longitude of Moon in zodiac and Longitude of SUN that day is taken and added up and We will then
divide the sum by 13 degrees 20 minutes. Converting 13 degrees 20 minutes into minutes we get 800
minutes. Divide 800 minutes by the number thus obtained. The quotient which you get after the division
will be the Yoga for the day.

Yoga = (Moon Longitude + Sun Longitude) / 13 deg. 20 min (800 minutes)

If we are getting 8 as a result, then it means that the 8 Yoga’s are passed add 1 to it and the 9th Yoga is
running. (Shula yoga is running).
Simple method: as an example Moons number in star that number & for Sun Pushyami to that star.
Moon is in Uttarashada – count from sravana to Uttarashada = 27 stars
Sun is in Swati today – count from Pushyami to Swati = 8
Add them 27 + 8 = 35 minus 27 stars = 8 yogas completed. So today yoga is 8+1 = 9 (Shula Yoga).
February 27, 2022
KARNA

Karna the 5th anga of Panchang. After long research Rishis predicted Karna based on Lunar day or Tithi.
(12 degrees).
Karna is based on tithi & it is ½ part of Tithi i.e. 6° movement of Moon. First 6° is first part of Karna and
second 6° is 2nd part of Karna. ∴ ONE TITHI (12°) = 2 KARNAS (6° +6°).
So one month has 30 Tithi hence 60 Karnas are there in one month.
But Rishis not created 60 Karnas, only 11 Karnas are there. These 11 have to repeat & repeat 30 Tithi in
one lunar month.
7 Karnas are called Chara (Movable) Karnas.
4 Karnas are called Sthira (Fixed) Karnas.
11 Karnas alone have to give 60 Karnas in a lunar month.
Each Karna of 6°  60 Karnas are being expressed by 11 karnas.

In KrishnaPaksha Tithi (Dark Fortnight) KrishnaPaksha Chaturdasi 2nd Karna 6°, Krishnapaksha Amavasya
(New Moon day) 6°+ 6° , ShuklaPaksha Padyami 1st Karna 6°. 4 Fixed Karna are there.

Krishna Paksha Chaturdasi Krishna Paksha Amavasya Shukla Paksha Padyami

1st karna 6° 2nd Karna 6° 1st Karna 6° 2nd Karna 6° 1st Karna 6° 2nd Karna 6°
Bhadra or Vishti Shakuni Chatushpada Nagava Kimstughna Buva
4 FIXED KARNA

THE 7 CHARA KARNAS ARE: 1.BUVA 2. BALAVA 3.

KAULAVA 4. TAITULA (VIDIYA) 5. GARIJA 6.
VANIJA 7. BHADRA or Vishti karna.
They are repeated 8 times so 7 X 8 = 56 karnas.
(56 + 4 fixed karnas = 60 karnas

Certain Karna are good ‘’Kimstughna’’ is

auspicious for marriage, certain Karna ‘’kaulava’’
good for war preparations

VARJYAM OR TADYAM

Varjyam is a bad time present on a given day. Varjyam period is on the Nakshatra based calculation. The
idea behind that varjyam is a period the rising Nakshatra adi & anta, a particular period of that star is
avoidable. Varjyam period is for 96 min (1 hr 36 min)
Based on specific time period by Rishis the menstrual period of the star is known as Varjyam. A period
to be avoided. It is Nakshatras based after the star risen a certain period for each star in 24 hours of a
day 96 min is generally referred as Varjyam.
Rahu Kaalam :- when malefic planet Rahu is influencing is a period specific for that day only, and is
always day specific.
Monday at a particular time, Tuesday at a particular time. In calculating Rahu Kaalam is for day period
only (not in the night).
6am to 6pm  12 hrs. a day time  12/8 = 1.5 hrs. i.e. 1 hr 30 min (90 min Rahu kaalam) {here 8 is 1
Lagna + 7 Planets}
So every day 90 minutes will be effective Rahu Kaalam. From 6 am to 6 pm. The energy levels will be low
at different times.

6 am to 7.30 am 1st half not generally Rahu Kaalam Rahu kaalam

7.30 – 9 Monday Rahu kaalam
9 – 10.30 Saturday Rahu kaalam
10.30 - 12 Friday Rahu kaalam
12 – 1.30 Wednesday Rahu kaalam
1.30 - 3 Thursday Rahu kaalam
3 – 4.30 Tuesday Rahu kaalam
4.30 – 6 pm Sunday Rahu kaalam

[Code for remembering: Mother saw father wearing the turban suddenly.]

YAMAGANDAM

YAMAGANDAM is associated with Ketu. It is day specific only. 12 hours 6 am to 6 pm.

12/ 8 = 1 hr 50 min (90 minutes)

Behind SUN  Ketu (malefic planet) on the NW side

KETU (NW) - Saturn( W ) - RAHU (SW)

Navagraha position

6 am to 7.30 am Thursday Yamagandam

7.30 – 9 Wednesday Yamagandam
9 – 10.30 Tuesday Yamagandam
10.30 - 12 Monday Yamagandam
12 – 1.30 Sunday Yamagandam
1.30 - 3 Saturday Yamagandam
3 – 4.30 Friday Yamagandam
4.30 – 6 pm Is not taken as Yamagandam on any day

GULIKA / MANDA / SANI PRIOD

Gulika Is for 1 hr 30 minutes.
 6 am to 7.30 am Saturday Gulika
7.30 – 9 Friday Gulika
9 – 10.30 Thursday Gulika
10.30 - 12 Wednesday Gulika
12 – 1.30 Tuesday Gulika
1.30 - 3 Monday Gulika
3 – 4.30 Sunday Gulika
4.30 – 6 pm Is not taken as Gulika on any day

Day of the week RahuKalam Yamagandam Gulika / Manda

(Rahu) (Ketu) (Sani)
SUNDAY (Aadi) 04.30 – 6 pm 12.00 – 01.30 03.00 – 04.30
MONDAY (SOMA) 07.30 – 09.00 10.30 – 12.00 01.30 – 03.00 The
TUESDAY (Mangal) 03.00 – 04.30 09.00 – 10.30 12.00 – 01.30 Time is for
WEDNESDAY (Budha) 12.00 – 01.30 07.30 – 09.00 10.30 – 12.00 1 hr 30 min
THURSDAY (Guru) 01.30 – 03.00 06.00 – 07.30 09.00 – 10.30 6 am – 6 pm
FRIDAY (Sukra) 10.30 – 12.00 03.00 – 04.30 07.30 – 09.00
SATURDAY (Sani) 09.00 – 10.30 01.30 – 03.00 06.00 – 07.30
The timings are from 6 am to 6 pm (12 hr period)
Note: These timings are in general will vary as per the sunrise at that place.

Dwipushkar yoga is a special combination of week day, tithi (lunar day) and Nakshatra which gives rise
to an auspicious muhurat. You have to do two times.

Tripushkar Yoga. a rare combination of a particular day, nakshatra and tithi offers, events repeat again
at least thrice.