BRITISH STANDARD BSEN

402:2003

Respiratory protective
devices - Lung governed .
demand self-contained
open-circuit compressed air
breathing apparatus with full
face mask or mouthpiece
assembly for escape -
Requirements, testing,
marking

The European Standard EN 402:2003 has the status of a

British Standard

res 13.340.30

NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW

Rritic;h Standarrie
 BS EN 402:2003

National foreword
This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 402:2003.
It supersedes BS EN 402:1993 which is withdrawn.
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee
PHl4, Respiratory protection, to Subcommittee PH/4/6, Self-contained
breathing apparatus, which has the responsibility to:

aid enquirers to understand the text;

present to the responsible international/European committee any

enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the
UK interests informed;
monitor related international and European developments and
promulgate them in the UK.

A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on

request to its secretary. .
Cross-references
The British Standards which implement international or European
publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue
under the section entitled "International Standards Correspondence Index", or
by using the "Search" facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British
Standards Online.
This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.

This British Standard was Summary of pages

published under the authority
of the Standards Policy and
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page,
Strategy Committee on pages 2 to 30, an inside back cover and a back cover.
28 May 2003
The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the
document was last issued.

Amendments issued since publication

Amd. No. Date Comments

© BSI 28 May 2003

ISBN 0 580 41950 9

 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 402
NORMEEUROPEENNE
EUROpAISCHE NORM May 2003

ICS13.340.30 Supersedes EN 402:1993

English version

Respiratory protective devices - Lung governed demand self-

contained open-circuit compressed air breathing apparatus with
full face mask or mouthpiece assembly for escape -
Requirements, testing, marking

Appareiis de protection respiratoire - Appareiis de Atemschutzqerate - Lungenautomatische Behalterqsrate

protection respiratoire autonomes a a
circuit ouvert, air mit Druckluft (Pressluftatmer) mit Vollmaske oder
cornprirne, a soupape a la demande avec masque complet Mundstuckgarnitur fUr Selbstrettung - Anforderungen,
ou ensemble embout buccal pour l'evacuation - Exigences, Prufunq, Kennzeichnung
essais, marquage

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 January 2003.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom .

COMlTE
•••
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE
EUROPEEN
EUROpAISCHES
FOR STANDARDIZATION
DE NORMALISATION
KOMITEE FOR NORMUNG

Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels

© 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 402:2003 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
 EN 402:2003 (E)

Contents

Page
Foreword 4
Introduction 5
1 Scope 5
2 Normative references 5
3 Terms and definitions 6
4 Description 6
5 Classification 6
6 Requirements 6
6.1 General ~ 6
6.2 Ergonomics .................................••.................................................................................................................
6
6.3 Design 6
6.4 Materials 7
6.5 Cleaning and disinfecting 7
6.6 Mass 7
6.7 Connections 7
6.8 Harness 7
6.9 Handling 8
6.10 Leak tightness 8
6.11 Facepiece 8
6.12 Goggles 8
6.13 Temperature performance and flammability resistance 8
6.14 Protection against particulate matter 10
6.15 High and medium pressure parts 10
6.16 High, medium and low pressure connections 10
6.17 Pressure vessel(s) 10
6.18 Pressure vessel seal 10
6.19 Pressure reducer 11
6.20 Pressure safety valve 11
6.21 Pressure indicator 11
6.22 Flexible hoses and tubes 11
6.23 Mechanical strength 12
6.24 Performance requirements 12
6.25 Protection against environment 13
6.26 Practical performance 13
7 Testing 13
7.1 General 13
7.2 Nominal values and tolerances 13
7.3 Visual inspection 14
7.4 Mechanical strength 14
7.5 Resistance to temperature 14
7.6 Pressure reducer 15
7.7 Low temperature practical performance 16
7.8 Practical performance 16
7.9 Breathing resistance 17
8 Marking 18
9 Information supplied by the manufacturer 18

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 EN 402:2003 (E)

Annex A (normative) Methods of measurement of the insulation resistance of the carrying container 24
Annex B (informative) Test results» Uncertainty of measurement 27
Annex C (informative) Marking 28
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other
provisions of EU Directives 29
Bibliography 30

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 EN 402:2003 (E)

Foreword

This document (EN 402:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 79 "Respiratory protective
devices", the secretariat of which is held by DIN.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by November 2003, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest
by November 2003.

This document supersedes EN 402: 1993.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).

For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.

Annex A is normative and Annexes B andC are informative.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,
Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

j.
j

4
 EN 402:2003 (E)

Introduction

A given respiratory protective device can only be approved when the individual components satisfy the
requirements of the test specification which may be a complete standard or part of a standard and practical
performance tests have been carried out successfully on complete apparatus where specified in the appropriate
standard. If for any reason a complete apparatus is not tested then simulation of the apparatus is permitted
provided the respiratory characteristics and weight distribution are similar to those of the complete apparatus.

1 Scope

This European Standard specifies minimum requirements for lung governed demand self-contained open-circuit
compressed air breathing apparatus for escape.

This European Standard does not apply to apparatus for work and rescue or to diving apparatus.
-.
Laboratory and practical performance tests are included for the assessment of compliance with the requirements.
:~

2 Normative references

This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies (including amendments).

EN 132: 1998, Respiratory protective devices - Definitions of terms and pictograms

EN 134:1998, Respiratory protective devices - Nomenclature of components

EN 136: 1998, Respiratory protective devices - Full face masks - Requirements, testinq; marking

EN 142, Respiratory protective devices - Mouthpiece assemblies - Requirements, testing, marking

EN 166:2001, Personal eye-protection - Specifications

EN 168:2001, Personal eye-protection - Non-optical test methods

EN 12021, Respiratory protective devices - Compressed air for breathing apparatus

EN 13274-2:2001, Respiratory protective devices - Methods of test - Part 2: Practical performance tests

EN 13274-3:2001, Respiratory protective devices - Methods of test - Part 3: Determination of breathing resistance

EN 13274-4:2001, Respiratory protective devices - Methods of test - Part 4: Flame tests

EN 13274-5, Respiratory protective devices - Methods of test - Part 5: Climatic conditions

EN 13274-6, Respiratory protective devices - Methods of test - Part 6: Determination of carbon dioxide content of
the inhalation air

5
 EN 402:2003 (E)

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this European Standard the terms and definitions given in EN 132:1998 and the nomenclature
given in EN 134:1998 apply.

4 Description

Lung governed demand compressed air escape apparatus are designed and constructed to enable the wearer to
breathe air on demand from a pressure vessel(s) either via a pressure reducer and a lung governed demand valve
or a lung governed demand valve connected to the facepiece. The exhaled air passes without re-circulation from
the facepiece via the exhalation valve to the ambient atmosphere.

5 Classification

Lung governed demand compressed air escape apparatus are classified according to the rated working duration
(see 6.24.1) which is defined by performing a breathing machine test in accordance with 7.5.5 with a minute
volume of 351/min (20 cycles/m in, 1,751/stroke).

Rated working duration is expressed in minutes and is defined in steps of 5 minutes.

It should be recognized that the effective duration may vary according to the work rate.

6 Requirements

6.1 General

In all tests all test samples shall meet the requirements.

6.2 Ergonomics

The requirements of this standard are intended to take account of the interaction between the wearer, the
apparatus, and where possible the working environment in which the apparatus is likely to be used. See Annex ZA.

6.3 Design

The apparatus shall be of simple and reliable construction and as compact as possible.

The apparatus shall be designed so as not to interfere with work activities when carried in accordance with the
manufacturers instructions.

The apparatus shall be so designed that there are no protruding parts or sharp edges likely to be caught on
projections in narrow passages or that may hurt the wearer.

The apparatus shall be designed to ensure its full function in any orientation.

The ready for use state of the apparatus shall identify the pressure in the pressure vessel(s) prior to use and during
storage. In the ready for use state the facepiece shall be securely attached to the apparatus. The pressure vessel
has to be opened easily by hand or automatically when starting the apparatus. In the case of a permanent
installation of the apparatus in a storage container the apparatus shall be activated automatically upon removal
from the storage container. In all cases the apparatus shall be locked in the open position against inadvertent
Shutting.

If a breathing apparatus for working, e.g. "air line equipment" is used in connection with an escape apparatus the
escape apparatus design shall be such as to prevent air loss from the escape apparatus in the event of malfunction
or disconnection of the breathing apparatus for working.
6
 EN 402:2003 (E)

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3 and 7.8.

6.4 Materials ~

The carrying container and the locking device, where present, shall be adequately protected against corrosion. The
materials used shall be able to withstand temperatures and mechanical stress expected whilst being carried on the
man as well as on machines and vehicles.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3, 7.5.1 and 7.8.

Exposed parts i.e. those which may be subjected to impact during use of the apparatus shall not be made of
aluminium, magnesium, titanium or alloys.

To prevent electrostatic charges on non-metal carrying containers, the surface resistance shall not exceed 109 n.
Where the apparatus is required to be anti-static during escape materials used shall be anti-static as far as it is
practicable.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.5.7.

Materials which come into direct contact with the wearer's skin and the breathable gas shall not be known to be
likely to cause irritation or any other adverse effect to health.

The finish of any part of the apparatus likely to be in contact with the wearer shall be free from edges and burrs. .".

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3 and 7.8.

6.5 Cleaning and disinfecting

All material used shall withstand the cleaning and disinfecting agents and procedures recommended by the
manufacturer.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3 and 7.8.

6.6 Mass

The mass of the complete apparatus including carrying container shall not exceed 5 kg when designed to be
. carried on the man for at least 8 h.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3.

6.7 Connections

The design and construction of the apparatus shall permit its components to be readily separated for cleaning,
inspecting and testing. Demountable connections to achieve this shall be readily connected and secured,
preferably by hand.

Any means for sealing used shall be retained in position when the connection(s) is (are) disconnected during
normal use and maintenance.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3 and 7.8.

6.8 Harness

The apparatus shall have a harness or other means of carrying so that the wearers hands are left free, when the
apparatus is in use.

Any harness shall be designed to allow quick, easy and correct donning of the apparatus without assistance.

7
 EN 402:2003 (E)

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3 and 7.8.

6.9 Handling

The apparatus shall be capable of being donned and put into operation simply and without undue exertion under
difficult conditions e.g. in the dark and in restricted spaces.

If the apparatus is fitted with a special lock, the design shall be such that it cannot be opened inadvertently.

If the apparatus has been opened, this shall be obvious by visual inspection.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3 and 7.8.

6.10 Leak tightness

The ready for use apparatus shall be leak tight so that the pressure change does not exceed 0,3 mbar in 1 min.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.5.4.

6.11 Facepiece

The facepiece shall be a full face mask or a mouthpiece assembly and shall be attached securely to the apparatus.

If a mouthpiece assembly is used it shall meet the requirements of EN 142.

If a full face mask is used it shall meet the requirements of EN 136: 1998, except 7.18, at least class 2.

6.12 Goggles

If the device shall be used with goggles, then the lenses of the goggles shall be protected against fogging. The
head straps of the goggles shall be flexible and easily adjustable or self-adjusting.

The goggles shall be attached to the apparatus to prevent loss. The goggles shall not interfere with the donning of
the apparatus.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3 and 7.8.

After the test for mechanical strength of the eyepiece(s) in accordance with 8.11 of EN 136:1998 the goggles shall
not be damaged in any way that may make it ineffective or cause injury to the wearer.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3 and 7.8.

The leaktightness of the goggles shall meet the requirements of 7.2.5 of EN 166:2001.

Testing shall be done in accordance with clause 13 of EN 168:2001.

6.13 Temperature performance and flammability resistance

6.13.1 Conditioning

After conditioning in accordance with 7.5.1 and return to (20 ± 3) "C the apparatus shall meet the requirements of
6.10 and 6.24 the carrying container shall have no deficiencies that impair its functionability, the materials used
shall not show substantial detoriations (severe deformations, cracks etc.). and the connectors between apparatus
and facepiece shall be examined.

For standardized threads a thread gauge shall be used to check dimensions. _/ .

8
 EN 402:2003 (E)

For all equipment connectors a pull test as described in 7.12.4.3 and 8.9 of EN 136:1998 shall be applied and no
separations shall occur.

After the test the equipment connector shall be dimensionally correct.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3.

6.13.2 Temperature performance

6.13.2.1 General

The apparatus shall operate trouble-free over the temperature range -15°C to 60°C.

Apparatus specifically designed for temperatures beyond these limits shall be tested and marked accordingly. The
apparatus shall meet the breathing resistance requirements given in 6.13.2.2 and 6.13.2.3 at the extremes the
temperature given.

,6.13.2.2 Breathing resistance at low temperature

For breathing apparatus without positive pressure the inhalation resistance shall not exceed 10 mbar.

For breathing apparatus with positive pressure a positive pressure shall be maintained in the cavity of the mask
adjacent to the face seal.

The exhalation resistance of all types of apparatus shall not exceed 10 mbar.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.5.2.

6.13.2.3 Breathing resistance at high temperature

6.13.2.3.1 Apparatus without positive pressure

For breathing apparatus without positive pressure the inhalation resistance shall not exceed 7 mbar.

The exhalation resistance shall not exceed 3 mbar.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.5.3.

6.13.2.3.2 Apparatus with positive pressure

For breathing apparatus with positive pressure a positive pressure shall be maintained in the cavity of the mask
adjacent to the face seal.

The exhalation resistance shall not exceed 10 mbar.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.5.3.

6.13.3 Flammability

The breathing hose(s) (leading to facepiece), medium pressure tube(s) and lung governed demand valve shall
prove to be "self-extinguishing", i.e. the material shall not be of highly flammable nature and when tested the parts
shall not continue to burn for more than 5 s after removal from the flame.

After completing the flammability test the apparatus shall meet the requirements given in 6.10.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.5.4 and 7.5.9.

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 EN 402:2003 (E)

6.14 Protection against particulate matter

The component parts of the apparatus supplying compressed air shall be reliably protected against the penetration
of particulate matter that may be contained in the compressed air.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3.

6.15 High and medium pressure parts

Metallic high pressure tubes, valves and couplings shall be tested to prove that they are capable of withstanding a
pressure of 50 % above the maximum filling pressure of the pressure vessel without damage.

Non-metallic parts shall be tested to prove that they are capable of withstanding a pressure twice the maximum
filling pressure of the pressure vessel without damage.

All medium pressure tubes downstream of the pressure reducer shall be capable of withstanding twice their
maximum attainable working pressure without damage.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3.

6.16 High, medium and low pressure connections

High, medium and low pressure connectors shall not be interchangeable.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3.

6.17 Pressure vessel(s)

Pressure vessels shall comply with the relevant regulations. The pressure vessel shall be approved with respect to
the appropriate filling pressure.

Only pressure vessels of equal maximum filling pressure shall be connected to an apparatus with more than one
pressure vessel.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3 and 7.8.

It shall not be possible to connect pressure vessels with a higher maximum filling pressure (e.g. 300 bar) to an
apparatus which is designed only for a lower maximum filling pressure (e.g. 200 bar).

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3 and 7.8.

6.18 Pressure vessel seal

There shall be only one pressure vessel seal or other technical provisions to open the total air stored. The pressure
vessel seal or its equivalent shall be opened easily by hand or automatically when starting the apparatus.

Where a conventional pressure vessel seal valve is used it shall be so designed that the pressure vessel seal valve
spindle cannot be completely unscrewed from the assembly during normal operation of the pressure vessel seal
valve.

The opening device shall be designed so that it cannot be closed inadvertently.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3 and 7.8.

\.

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 EN 402:2003 (E)

6.19 Pressure reducer

If the apparatus is designed with a pressure reducer, any adjustable medium pressure stage shall be reliably
secured against accidental alteration and adequately sealed so that any un- authorised adjustment can be
detected.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3.

6.20 Pressure safety valve

6.20.1 General

A pressure safety valve shall be provided if the down stream parts of the apparatus cannot take full pressure vessel
pressure ..

6.20.2 Apparatus with a pressure safety valve

The pressure safety valve shall be designed to pass an air flow of 400 IImin at a medium pressure not exceeding
30 bar.

With the pressure safety valve operational, the inhalation and exhalation breathing resistance shall not exceed 25
mbar. .
s
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.6.1 and 7.6.2.

6.20.3 Apparatus without a pressure safety valve

Where a pressure safety valve is not provided, the breathing resistance requirements of 6.20.2 shall be met.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.6.1 and 7.6.3.

6.21 Pressure indicator

The apparatus shall be equipped with a reliable pressure indicator which will indicate the maximum filling pressure
of the pressure vessel(s) ready for use.

The pressure indicator shall be designed to withstand a pressure of at least 50 bar above the maximum filling
pressure of the pressure vessel.

The pressure indicator shall function independently of the action of the pressure vessel seal at all times.

A pressure indicator shall be provided with a blow-out release which protects the wearer against injurles: If the
window is incorporated in the pressure indicator, it shall be of non-splintering clear material.

A restrictor shall be provided so that if the indicator is damaged, the outflow of air at 200 bar pressure shall not
exceed a rate of 25 I/min. If the nominal pressure is less the requirement shall be met at the nominal pressure.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3 and 7.8

6.22 Flexible hoses and tubes

6.22.1 Breathing hose

Breathing hoses shall be flexible and non-kinking. The breathing hoses shall permit free head movement and shall
not restrict or close off the air supply under chin or arm pressure during practical performance tests.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.8

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 EN 402:2003 (E)

The connections shall withstand axially a tensile force of 50 N applied for (10 .± 1) s.
Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.4.2.

6.22.2 Medium pressure connecting tube

Tubes to the demand valve (connections included) shall withstand for 15 min twice the operating pressure of the
pressure safety valve or at least 30 bar which ever is the higher.

The connections of the medium pressure connecting tube shall withstand an axial tensile force of 250 N.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3 and 7.4.2.

6.23 Mechanical strength

When tested in accordance with 7.4 the apparatus shall still be leak tight, provide protection and meet the
performance requirements of 6.24.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.4, 7.5.4, 7.5.5 and 7.5.8.

6.24 Performance requirements

6.24.1 Rated working duration

The apparatus shall cover the minimum duration laid down for its classification as specified in clause 5. The test is
terminated when the inhalation resistance exceeds 13,5 mbar.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.5.5.

6.24.2 Inhalation resistance

6.24.2.1 Apparatus without positive pressure

The inhalation resistance of an apparatus including facepiece shall not exceed 7 mbar at all pressure vessel
pressures from full to 50 bar when tested at a sinusoidal flow of 25 x 2 I/min and shall not exceed 13,5 mbar when
tested at a sinusoidal flow of 40 x 2,5 I/min. .

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.9.1.1.

6.24.2.2 Apparatus with positive pressure

The facepiece cavity pressure shall remain positive at all pressure vessel pressures from full to 50 bar.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.9.1.2.

6.24.3 Exhalation resistance

6.24.3.1 Apparatus without positive pressure

The exhalation resistance shall not exceed 3 mbar.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.9.2.1.

6.24.3.2 Apparatus with positive pressure

For apparatus with positive pressure the exhalation resistance shall not exceed 8 mbar.

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 EN 402:2003 (E)

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.9.2.2.

6.24.4 Static pressure for apparatus with positive pressure

The opening pressure of the exhalation valve shall be at least 0,3 mbar more than the maximum static pressure of
the demand valve at all pressure vessel pressures between maximum filling pressure and 50 bar.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.5.6.

6.24.5 Carbon dioxide content of the inhalation air

The carbon dioxide content of the inhaled air when measured at the complete apparatus including facepiece shall
not exceed 1,5 % by volume on average.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.5.8.

6.25 Protection against environment

During storage it shall be possible to store the apparatus in a storage and/or carrying container with means for
mounting such that it is protected from dust and climate. It shall be possible to identify the ready for use state
required in 6.3 and also any unauthorized.openinq.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.3.

6.26 Practical performance

The complete apparatus shall also undergo practical performance tests under realistic conditions. These general
practical performance tests serve the purpose to check the apparatus for imperfections that cannot be determined
by the tests described elsewhere in this European Standard.

Where practical performance tests show the apparatus has imperfections related to wearer's acceptance, the test
house shall provide full details of those parts of practical performance tests which revealed these imperfections.

This will enable other test houses to duplicate the tests and the results thereof.

Testing shall be done in accordance with 7.7 and 7.8.

7 Testing

7.1 General

If no special measuring devices or measuring methods are specified commonly used methods and devices shall be
applied.

Before performing tests involving human SUbjects account shall be taken of any national regulations concerning the
medical history, examination or supervision of the test subjects.

7.2 Nominal values and tolerances

Unless otherwise specified the values stated in this standard are expressed as nominal values. Except for
temperature limits, values which are not stated as maxima or minima shall be subject to a tolerance of ± 5 %.
Unless otherwise specified the ambient temperature for testing shall be from 16°C to 32°C and the temperature
limits shall be subject to an accuracy of ±1 QC. .

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 EN 402:2003 (E)

7.3 Visual inspection

The visual inspection is made by the test house prior to laboratory or practical performance tests. This may entail a
certain amount of dismantling in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions for maintenance. The visual
inspection includes marking and information supplied by the manufacturer.

It includes also a check of the integrity of materials and parts as well as the correct fitting of parts.

7.4 Mechanical strength

7.4.1 Vibration

The test apparatus is shown schematically in figure 1, consists of a steel case (K) which is fixed on a vertically
moving piston (S), capable of being lifted up 20 mm by a rotating cam (N) and dropping down onto a steel plate (P)
under its own mass as the cam rotates. The mass of the steel case shall be more than 10 kg.

The apparatus shall be tested as received including carrying container and sealing.

The apparatus shall be placed in the case (K) so that they do not touch each other during the test allowing 6 mm
horizontal movement and free vertical movement.

The test rig shall be operated at the rate ofapproximately 100 rotations per minute for a total of 500 rotations.

7.4.2 Tensile force

The test specimen including connecting components is SUbjected to the tensile force for 10 s.

7.5 Resistance to temperature

7.5.1 Conditioning

The apparatus shall be conditioned by the following cycle in accordance with EN 13274-5:

a) (702: 3) QC/dry atmosphere/(72 .:t 3) h;

b) (702: 3) QC/wet atmosphere/(72 2: 3) h;

c) (-302: 3) QC/dry atmosphere/(24 .:t 1)h.

WARNING -The pressure vessel shall be charged to not more than 50 % of the manufacturer's maximum
recommended filling pressure during conditioning.

7.5.2 Breathing resistance at low temperature

When testing the apparatus for performance at low temperatures the complete apparatus shall be exposed to a
temperature of (-15± 3) QC for (20 .:t 1) h. Subsequently the apparatus shall be tested at room temperature in
accordance with EN 13274-3:2001, method 2, setting E.

7.5.3 Breathing resistance at high temperature

When testing the apparatus for performance at high temperature the complete apparatus shall be exposed to a
temperature of (60 .± 2) QCfor (20 .± 1) h. The warm apparatus shall be tested at room temperature in accordance
with EN 13274-3:2001, method 2, setting E.

7.5.4 Leak tightness of the ready for use apparatus

-j

The leak test of the ready for use apparatus takes place before and after tests for resistance to temperature and
flammability when tested with dry air at a negative pressure of 7,5 mbar.
14
 EN 402:2003 (E)

The sealing contour of the facepiece or of the mouthpiece is sealed on a dummy head or an adapter. A negative
pressure is then generated with a pneumatic pump and the pressure change is recorded over the time.
'~;

NOTE The test may be conducted prior to filling empty pressure vessel and after closing the sealing device.

7.5.5 Rated working duration

The rated working duration is determined during a breathing machine test at 35 IImin (20 cycles/min, 1,75I1stroke).

7.5.6 Static pressure

The opening pressure of the exhalation valve shall be measured with a constant flow of 10 I/min. Then the static
pressure of the demand valve at zero-flow shall be measured.

7.5.7 Insulation resistance of non-metallic carrying container

The resistance is tested on the carrying container if size permits, or on a test piece comprising a rectangular plate
with dimensions in accordance with figure 2 on which two parallel electrodes are painted on the surface, using a
conducting paint with a solvent which has no significant effect on the insulation resistance.

The test piece shall have an intact surface and shall be cleaned with distilled water, then with isopropyl alcohol (or
any other solvent that can be mixed withwater and will not affect the material of the test piece), then once more
with distilled water before being dried. Untouched by bare hands, it shall then be conditioned for 24 h at a
temperature of (23 :!: 2) -c and (50.:!: 5) % relative humidity.

The test shall be carried out under the same ambient conditions.

The direct voltage applied for one minute between the electrodes shall be equal to (500.:!: 10) V.

During the test, the voltage shall be sufficiently steady so that the charging current due to voltage fluctuation will be
negligible compared with the current flowing through the test piece. In certain cases this requires the use of
batteries or accumulators.

The insulation resistance is the quotient of the direct voltage applied at the electrodes to the total current flowing
between them when the voltage has been applied for 1 min.

Suitable test methods are shown in Annex A.

~.

7.5.8 Carbon dioxide content of the inhalation air

Test methods in accordance with EN 13274-6 shall be used.

The setting of the breathing machine is 20 x 1,75 IImin. The exhaled air has a dioxide content of 4,5 % by volume.

This test shall be performed until a constant carbon dioxide content in the inhalation air is achieved.

7.5.9 Flammability

The breathing hoses, medium pressure tubes and lung governed demand valve shall be tested in accordance with
EN 13274-4:2001, method .3.

7.6 Pressure reducer

7.6.1 General

The apparatus including facepiece is connected to a breathing machine by a suitable connector. Apparatus with a
full face mask shall be fitted to a dummy head and apparatus with a mouthpiece assembly shall be connected

15
 EN 402:2003 (E)

directly to the outlet of the breathing machine. The breathing machine is adjusted to 25 cycles/min and 2 I/stroke
(see figure 3).

7.6.2 Apparatus with a pressure safety valve

With the breathing machine not operating, a suitable flow measuring device is connected to the outlet of the safety
valve and air is supplied to the medium pressure side of the pressure reducer. The air supply pressure is gradually
increased until a flow of 400 IImin passes through the safety valve. Whilst under these conditions, the breathing
machine is started and the breathing resistance is measured at the appropriate pressure sampling point.

7.6.3 Apparatus without a pressure safety valve

The outlet of the demand valve is connected to a suitable flow measuring device. Air is supplied to the medium
pressure side of the pressure reducer and the air supply pressure is gradually increased. The medium pressure
required to create a continuous flow of 400 I/min through the safety valve is recorded.

Under these conditions, a breathing machine test is conducted on the complete apparatus including the facepiece
and the breathing resistance is measured at the appropriate sampling point.

7.7 Low temperature practical performance

7.7.1 Preparation of apparatus

Two apparatus, ready for use, are stored at a temperature of (-15 .! 3) °C for a period of (4 .! 1) h.

7.7.2 Test procedure

Two warmly clothed subjects don the cooled apparatus in a cold chamber with an ambient temperature of (-15.! 3)
°C and shall then walk at a steady rate of 6,5 km/h. The walking exercise may be conducted on a treadmill.

The duration of the walking shall be for a period of 10 min. For apparatus with a rated working duration of 5 min,
the test has to be carried out for 5 min

After this test the test subjects shall leave the cold chamber and return to ambient conditions and continue walking
at a steady rate of 6,5 km/h for a period of 5 min. , except for apparatus up to 10 min rated working duration.

After the test the apparatus shall be examined for malfunctions and the subjects shall report on the breathing
comfort and wearing characteristics.

7.8 Practical performance

7.8.1 General

Practical performance tests shall be performed with two apparatus and four test subjects in accordance with EN
13274-2.

7.8.2 Escape tests

7.8.2.1 General

The test shall be conducted in a training gallery. During escape tests the test subjects perform at different work
levels.

Prior to the escape tests the test subjects shall be instructed using the instructions for use on the correct procedure
of opening, donning and of the operation of the apparatus. The test subjects shall carry out the opening and
donning procedure in the dark without assistance.

The exercises shall be carried out at an ambient temperature between 20 °C and 30 °C.
16
 EN 402:2003 (E)

The ambient atmosphere shall be free of smoke. The air flow shall be negligible.

During the test, the test subject is to be accompanied by an assistant.

Prior to escape tests the temperature and relative humidity of the atmosphere shall be noted at various points of
the escape route.

During tests the following shall be recorded:

Nature and time of the different activities, complaints e.g. discomfort from wearing the apparatus, poor visibility
because fogging of goggles, etc. .

The carbon dioxide content of the inhaled air and the breathing resistance shall be monitored ,periodically
throughout the test.

An exercise shall be determinated when the delivery of air ceases or the inhalation breathing resistance reaches 35
mbar or when there is evidence that the test subject is no longer capable of completing the exercise.

, After the escape test an assessment of the apparatus shall. be made by the test subject.

7.8.2.2 Escape exercise for apparatus with a rated working duration of more than 30 min

The escape exercise is divided into equal sections following each other. In each of these sections the test subject
shall perform the following sequence of activities in accordance with EN 13274-2:2001: number 16, 20, 17 and 18.

The number of exercises depends on the classification of apparatus. The final part of the practical performance test
may be carried out on the treadmill (walking on level ground at 6,5 km/h).

7.8.2.3 Escape exercise for apparatus with a rated working duration of up to and including 30 rnin

During this test the test subject shall perform the following activities:

number 16 in accordance with EN 13274-2:2001;

number 18 in accordance with EN 13274-2:2001.

7.9 Breathing resistance

7.9.1 Inhalation resistance

7.9.1.1 Apparatus without positive pressure

Testing shall be done in accordance with EN 13274-3:2001, method 2, setting E and H.

7.9.1.2 Apparatus with positive pressure

Testing shall be done in accordance with EN 13274-3:2001, method 2, setting H.

7.9.2 Exhalation resistance

7.9.2.1 Apparatus without positive pressure

Testing shall be done in accordance with EN 13274-3:2001, method 2, setting E.

7.9.2.2 Apparatus with positive pressure

Testing shall be done in accordance with EN 13274-3:2001, method 2, setting E.

17
 EN 402:2003 (E)

8 Marking

8.1 The manufacturer, supplier or importer shall be identified by name, trademark or other means of identification.

8.2 Manufacturers model designation.

8.3 Rated working duration.

8.4 The number of this European Standard and classification.

8.5 Serial number.

8.6 Year of manufacture/shelf life (if applicable).

8.7 Where the reliable performance of piece parts may be affected by ageing, means of identifying the date (at
least the year) of manufacture shall be given.

8.8 Sub-assemblies and components with considerable bearing on safety shall be marked so that they can be
identified (see Annex C).

If sub-assemblies with considerable bearing on safety cannot be marked, the information shall be given in the
information supplied by the manufacturer.

8.9 If contained in a sealed container, marking shall be on the container.

8.10 The marking shall be as clearly visible and as durable as possible.

8.11 The apparatus shall be marked "For escape only".

8.12 The maximum filling pressure of the pressure vessel shall be clearly marked on the device.

9 Information supplied by the manufacturer

9.1 On delivery information supplied by the manufacturer shall accompany every apparatus.

9.2 Information supplied by the manufacturer shall be in the officiallanguage(s) of the country of application.

9.3 The information supplied by the manufacturer shall contain all information necessary for trained and qualified
persons on:

application/lim itation;

checks prior to use;

donning, fitting;

use;

maintenance (preferably separately printed instructions);

inspection intervals;

storage;

shelf life;

of the device.

18
 EN 402:2003 (E)

9.4 The information shall include that the air supply shall meet the requirements for breathable air according to EN
12021.

NOTE The figures given in EN 12021 are valid if measured at normal conditions (atmospheric pressure, room temperature)'.

9.5 The information shall be unambiguous.

NOTE If helpful, illustrations, part numbers, marking, etc. may be added.

9.6 The information should be complimented by an easy to identify picture (pictogram) on the carrying container
showing the donning procedure (size at least 3 cm x 3 cm).

The pictogram may be supplied separately if there should not be sufficient place on the carrying container.

9.7 Warning shall be given against possible problems likely to be encountered, for example

use of the apparatus in explosive atmosphere;

damage to the apparatus during carriage or transport;

procedure of donning.

9.8 Any other information the manufacturer may wish to provide.

19
EN 402:2003 (E)

Dimensions in millimetres

o
C"oI

Key

K Steel case

N Rotating cam

P Steel plate

S Moving piston

Figure 1 - Test equipment for test of mechanical strength

20
 EN 402:2003 (E)

Dimensions in millimetres

a.n..
N
0
.. Ln 0
+1
+.
~
N . 0
AI ~

:i
a.n
N
0
•. N
AI
+1
~

~2S 100t1 ~2S

Figure 2 - Test piece with painted electrodes for insulation resistance test

21
EN 402:2003 (E)

l~ B

9 t
3

10

Key

1 Flowmeter 6 Demand valve

2 Safety valve 7 Full face mask

3 Pressure reducer 8 Dummy head

4 Pressure regulator 9 Breathing machine

5 Medium pressure gauge 10 Mouthpiece

a Compressed air supply

Figure 3 - Scheme of a safety valve test

.:»

22
 EN 402:2003 (E)

Table 1 - Testing schedule

Test Title Temperature Requirement subclause

subclause conditioning
7.5.1

7.3 Visual inspection yes 6.3,6.4,6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 6.12, 6.13, 6.14,
6.15, 6.16, 6.17, 6.18,6.19, 6.21, 6.22, 6.25

7.4 Mechanical strength 6.22,6.23

7.5 Resistance to temperature . yes 6.4, 6.10, 6.14, 6.24, 6.25

7.6 Pressure reducer 6.20

7.7 Low temperature practical 6.2,6.26

performance

7.8 Practical performance 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 6.12, 6.17, 6.18,
6.19,6.22,6.26

7.9 Breathing resistance yes 6.2,6.24

23
EN 402:2003 (E)

Annex A
(normative)

Methods of measurement of the insulation resistance of the carrying

container

A.1 Voltmeter ammeter method

The current shall be measured directly by means of a micro-ammeter, or a galvanometer (figure A.1), or indirectly
by a d.c. amplifier which indicates the current by measuring the voltage drop which it determines in a known
resistance (figure A.2a). The voltage shall be measured by a voltmeter. In certain cases the voltage-current ratio
shall be measured by an instrument indicating the resistance directly (figure A.2b).

A.2 Comparative method

The unknown resistance shall be compared to a known resistance by determining the ratio of the currents when the
same voltage is applied in succession to two resistances (figure A.3a) or by balancing the two resistances in a
Wheatstone bridge (figure A.3b).

For all these methods, the unknown resistance shall be large in relation to any calibrated resistance connected in
series with it so as to be submitted to practically all the voltage.

Voltmeter ammeter method

-
--
-
1

Key
Galvanometer with shunt

Figure A.1 - Current measurement by micro-ammeter or galvanometer

24
 EN 402:2003 (E)

v ~
===
v =:

a b

-----.
1

Key

1 Galvanometer with shunt

2 d.c. amplifier

Figure A.2 - Current measurement by means of a d.e. amplifier

25
 EN 402:2003 (E)

Cam parative method

Optional

-
-
-
-.
-
1 ' .. '

Key

1 Galvanometer with shunt

Figure A.3a - Determination of the ratio of currents when the same voltage is applied successively to the
two resistances

3
-

Key

3 Detector
I·
<::: .~

Figure A.3b - Wheatstone bridge method

26
 EN 402:2003 (E)

Annex B
(informative)

Test results - Uncertainty of measurement

For each of the required measurements performed in accordance with this European Standard, a corresponding
estimate of the uncertainty of measurement shall be evaluated. This estimate of uncertainty shall be applied and
stated when reporting test results, in order to enable the user of the test report to assess the reliability of the data.

27
 , .
EN 402:2003 (E)

Annex C
(informative)

.Marking

It is recommended to consider for marking the following components and sub-assemblies to be identifiable:

Table C.1 - Components and sub-assemblies to be identifiable for marking

Componentsl Part-marking Date of Remarks

sub-assemblies Manufacture

Pressure reducer + +
Lung governed demand valve + - 2
Lung· governed demand valve + +
diaphragm

Breathing hose (if fitted) "+ +

Face piece According to the

relevant standards

Carrying harness - - 1
Carrying frame + -
Pressure indicator + -
Medium pressure connecting - +
tube

High pressure connecting tube - +

Pressure vessel According to the
relevant standards

Goggles (if fitted) + +

Pressure vessel valve According to the

relevant standards

+ The marking is necessary

- The marking is not necessary

1 For parts which cannot reasonably be marked the relevant information

shall be included in the information to be supplied by the manufacturer

2 Means of identification may include serial No. and/or date and shall be

explained in the information to be supplied by the manufacturer.

The components of a sub-assembly need not be marked when the sub-assembly is identifiable. Those
components not offered as spare parts by the manufacturer need not be marked but the relevant
information should be given in the information to be supplied by the manufacturer.

28
 EN 402:2003 (E)

Annex C
(informative)

Marking

It is recommended to consider for marking the following components and sub-assemblies to be identifiable:

Table C.1 - Components and sub-assemblies to be identifiable for marking

Components! Part-marking Date of Remarks

sub-assemblies Manufacture

Pressure reducer + +

Lung governed demand valve + - 2

Lung governed demand valve + +
diaphragm

Breathing hose (if fitted) "+ +

Face piece According to the

relevant standards

Carrying harness - - 1

Carrying frame + -
Pressure indicator + -
Medium pressure connecting - +
tube

High pressure connecting tube - +

Pressure vessel According to the

relevant standards

Goggles (if fitted) + +

Pressure vessel valve According to the

relevant standards

+ The marking is necessary

- The marking is not necessary
1 For parts which cannot reasonably be marked the relevant information
shall be included in the information to be supplied by the manufacturer
2 Means of identification may include serial No. and/or date and shall be
explained in the information to be supplied by the manufacturer.
The components of a sub-assembly need not be marked when the sub-assembly is identifiable. Those
components not offered as spare parts by the manufacturer need not be marked but the relevant
information should be given in the information to be supplied by the manufacturer. --__/·1

28
 EN 402:2003 (E)

Annex ZA
(i nformative)

Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other provisions of EU

Directives

This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC.

WARNING: Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the products falling within the scope
of this standard.

The clauses of this standard are likely to support requirements of Directive 89/686/EEC, Annex 11.

Table ZA.1 - Relationship between this standard and the EU Directive 89/686/EEC

Clauses of this standard: . EU Directive 89/686/EEC, Annex 11:

1.1.2.1; 1.1.2.2 .- 5
1.1.1 6.2 ...

1.1.1; 1.2.1; 1.2.1.1; 1.2.1.2; 1.3.1; 1.3.2; 1.3.3; 2.1; 6.3

2.7; 2.9; 2.10
1.2.1; 1.2.1.1; 1.2.1.2; 1.3.2; 2.6 6.4
3.10.1 6.5
1.2.1; 1.2.1.3; 1.3.2 6.6
2.9 6.7
1.1.1; 1.2.1.2; 1.3.1; 2.1; 2.7 6.8
1.3.1; 1.4 6.9
3.10.1 6.10
1.1.1; 1.1.2.1; 1.1.2.2; 1.2.1.2; 1.2.1.3; 1.3.1; 1.3.2; 6.11
2.1; 2.3; 2.7; 2.9; 3.10.1
1.1.2.1; 1.2.1.3; 1.3.1; 2.3; 2.7 6.12
1.2.1; 1.2.1.1 6.13
1.2.1; 3.10.1 6.14
1.2.1.1; 1.3.2 6.15
1.3.2 6.16
1.3.2 6.17
1.2.1.1; 1.3.2 6.18
1.1.1; 1.3.2 6.19
3.10.1 6.20
1.2.1.1; 1.3.2 6.21
3.10.1 6.22
1.2.1.1; 1.3.2 6.23
1.2.1.1; 1.3.2 6.24
3.10.1 6.25
1.1.1; 1.3.1; 2.1; 3.10.1 6.26
1.1.1; 1.2.1; 1.2.1.3; 1.3.1; 1.3.2; 1.4; 2.3; 3.10.1 6.27
2.4; 2.12; 3.10.1 8
1.4; 2.4; 2.8; 2.12; 3.10.1 9

Compliance with this standard provides one means of conforming with the specific essential requirements of the
Directive concerned and associated EFTA regulations.

29
 EN 402:2003 (E)

" .. ;

Bibliography

EN 144-1, Respiratory protective devices - Gas cylinder valves - Part 1: Thread connections for insert connector

EN 144-2, Respiratory protective devices - Gas cylinder valves - Part 2: Outlet connections

EN 148-1, Respiratory protective devices - Threads for facepieces - Part 1: Standard thread connection

EN 148-3, Respiratory protective devices - Threads for facepieces - Part 3: Thread connection M 45 x3

EN 13274-1, Respiratory protective devices - Methods of test - Part 1: Determination of inward leakage and total
inward leakage

~h

30
BSEN
402:2003
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