Atomic Structure

Subjective Questions

1. Calculate the radius of the first Bohr orbit of a hydrogen atom. Given that h  663  10  27
erg  s; m  9  10  28 g and charge of an electron  48  10  10 esu.
2. From the given data in Q. 1, calculate the radius of the third orbit of a hydrogen atom.
3. Calculate the energy of an electron in the first Bohr orbit of hydrogen.
4. From the given data in Q. 3, calculate the energy of an electron in the second Bohr orbit of
an excited hydrogen atom.
5. Calculate the electronic velocity in the first Bohr orbit of hydrogen.
6. Calculate the velocity of an electron revolving in the second orbit of a hydrogen atom from
the given data in Q. 5
7. The electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 242 nm is just sufficient to ionise the sodium
atom. Calculate the ionisation energy of sodium in kilojoule per mole.
8. From the given data in Q. 6 and Q. 1, calculate the number of revolutions of an electron in
the second Bohr orbit in one second.
9. Calculate the ionisation energy in eV of a hydrogen atom in the ground state
10. What will be the wavelength of the emitted radiations when an electron jumps from a third
orbit to a first orbit in a hydrogen atom? Rydberg constant, R  109737 cm  1.
11. What will be the wavelength of the emitted radiations when an electron jumps from a third
orbit to a first orbit in a hydrogen atom? Rydberg constant, R  109737 cm  1.
12. The ionisation energy of He  is 196  10  18 J per atom. Calculate the energy of the first
stationary state of Li +2
13. If the wavelength of light is 589  10  5 cm, what will be the energy in one photon in the
given region of light? h  663  10  27 erg  s; c  3  1010 cm/s
14. What electronic transition in the He ion would emit the radiation of the same wavelength
as that of the first Lyman transition of hydrogen (i.e., for an electron jumping from n  2 to n
 1)? Neglect the reduced-mass effect. Also, calculate second ionisation potential of He and
first Bohr orbit for He  . (e  16  10  19 coulomb, m  91  10  31 kg, h  6626  10  34 J  s,
c  2997  108 metre/s and 0  8854  10  12 coulomb2 /newton  metre2 )
15. The energy of the electron in the second and third Bohr orbit of hydrogen atom is 542  10
 12
erg and 241  10  12 erg respectively. Calculate the wavelength of the emitted radiation
when the electron drops from the third to second orbit. h  662  10  27 erg  s, c  3  1010
cm/s
16. Calculate the wavelength in angstrom of the photon that is emitted when an electron in
Bohr orbit n  2 returns to the orbit n  1 in the hydrogen atom. The ionisation potential of
the ground state of hydrogen atom is 217  10  11 erg per atom.
17. The electron energy in hydrogen atom is given by E   217  10  12/n2 erg. Calculate the
energy required to remove an electron completely from the n  2 orbit. What is the longest
wavelength (in centimetres of light that can be used to cause this transition?
18. According to Bohr theory, the electronic energy of a hydrogen atom in the nth Bohr atom is
given by En   2176  10  19 n2 J. Calculate the longest wavelength of light that will be
 needed to remove an electron from the third Bohr orbit of the He ion. h  6626  10  34 J 
s., c  3  108 m  s  1
19. Assuming a spherical shape for the F nucleus, calculate the radius and the nuclear density of
the F nucleus of mass number 19.
20. Assuming a spherical shape for the F nucleus, calculate the radius and the nuclear density of
the F nucleus of mass number 19.
21. The vapour of Hg absorbs some electrons accelerated by a potential difference of 45 volts as
a result of which light is emitted. If the full energy of a single incident electron is supposed to
be converted into light emitted by a single Hg atom, find the wavenumber (1/) of the light
22. The uncertainty in the momentum of a particle is 25  10 16 g cm s 1. With what accuracy
can its position be determined? (h  6625  10  27 erg  s, i.e., g cm2 s  1
23. What conclusion may be drawn from the following results of (a) and (b)? (a) If a 1  10  3 -kg
body is travelling along the x-axis at 1 m/s within 001 m/s. Calculate the theoretical
uncertainty in its position. (b) If an electron is travelling at 100 m/s within 1 m/s, calculate
the theoretical uncertainty in its position. [h  663  10 34 J  s, mass of electron  9109 
10 31 kg]
24. Find the product of uncertainty in position and velocity for an electron of mass 910  10  31
kg. h  662  10  34 J  s., i.e., kg m2 s  1)
25. Calculate the minimum uncertainty in velocity of a particle of mass 11  10  27 kg if
uncertainty in its position is 3  10  10 cm. h  662  10  34 kg  m2 s  1
26. The uncertainties in the position and velocity of a particle are 10  10 m and 527  10  24 m s 
1
respectively. Calculate the mass of the particle. h  6625  10  34 J  s
27. The first ionisation potential for Li is 541 eV and electron affinity of Cl is 361 eV. Calculate
H in kJ/mol for the reaction:

Li g  Cl g  Li   Cl 

Suppose that the resulting ions do not combine with each other. 1 eV  160  10  22 kJ, Av. const.
 602  1023

28. Calculate the accelerating potential that must be imparted to a proton beam to give it an
effective wavelength of 0005 nm
29. 136 eV is needed for ionisation of a hydrogen atom. An electron in a hydrogen atom in its
ground state absorbs 150 times as much energy as the minimum energy required for it to
escape from the atom. What is the wavelength of the emitted electron? me  9109  10 31
kg, e  1602  10 19 coulomb, h  663  10  34 J  s
30. How many photons of light having a wavelength of 4000 Å are necessary to provide 1 J of
energy? h  663  10  34 J  s, c  3  108 m/s
31. With what velocity should an -particle travel towards the nucleus of a Cu atom so as to
arrive at a distance 1013 metre from the nucleus of the Cu atom? (Cu = 29, e  16  1019 C,
0  885  1012 J1 C2 m1 , me = 91  1031 kg) (IIT 1997 )
32. The iodine molecule dissociates into atoms after absorbing light of 4500 Å if one quantum of
radiation is absorbed by each molecule. Calculate the kinetic Atomic Structure and
Radioactivity 273 energy of iodine atoms. (Bond energy per molecule of I 2 = 240 kJ mol1 )
(IIT 1995)
33. Consider an -particle just in contact with 92 238U nucleus. Calculate the coulombic repulsion
energy (i.e., the height of the coulombic barrier between 238U and the -particle) assuming
 that the distance between them is equal to the sum of their radii. (r 0 = 14  1013 , e = 48 
1010 esu)
34. Calculate the value of Bohr magneton. For a hydrogen-like atom with a 3d electron, what is
the value of the orbital angular momentum in terms of N? e  16  1019c, h  6626  1034
J.s and me  9109  1031 kg
35. A compound of vanadium has a magnetic moment of 1.73 BM. Work out the electronic
configuration of the vanadium ion in the compound. (IIT 1997)
36. The wavelength associated with an electron moving in a potential difference of 2000 V is
0.05 nm. How slow must a 0.01/kg hockey ball travel to have the same de Broglie
wavelength as a 2000 V electron?
37. Consider the hydrogen atom to be a proton embedded in a cavity of radius a 0 (Bohr radius)
whose charge is neutralised by the addition of an electron to the cavity in vacuum, infinitely
slowly. Estimate the average total energy of an electron in its ground state in a hydrogen
atom as the work done in the above neutralisation process. Also, if the magnitude of the
average kinetic energy is half the magnitude of the average potential energy, find the
average potential energy. (IIT 1996)
38. What is the maximum number of electrons in an atom in which the last electron, filled, has
the following quantum numbers?
(a) n  3, l  1
(b) n  3, l  2
(c) n  3, l  2 and m  1
(d) n  3, l  1 and m  1
(e) n  3, l  2, m  0 and s   1/2
39. The following incorrect set of quantum numbers in the order n, l, m, s are written for paired
electrons or for one electron in an orbital. Correct them, assuming n values are correct.

(a) 1, 0, 0,  1/ 2,  1/ 2

(b) 2, 2, 1,  1/ 2

(c) 3, 2, 3,  1 /2

(d) 3, 1, 2,  1/ 2

(e) 2, 1, 1, + 1/3

(f) 3, 0, 1, + 1 /2