Structured Cabling and Wireless Systems

CEA 101-Week 15-Structured Cabling and Wireless Systems
1. What is structured cabling?

Structured cabling refers to a set of standards and methods for enterprise-wide cabling
systems specified by the (Telecommunications Industry Association) and the EIA (Electronic
Industries Association) TIA/EIA - 568 Commercial Building Wiring Standard. Structure cabling
consists of many components, such as work are, horizontal cabling, telecom room, intermediate
distribution frame IDF, main distribution frame MDF, backbone cabling, demarc, and entrance
facility. We can consider them as building blocks for a network cabling system. Structured
cabling defines how to design, build, and manage a cabling system. It can enable cabling systems
with consistency so that the future cabling updates will be easier to handle and would support
multivendor products and environments. There are several versions of the TIA/EIA-568
standard.
2. What are the detailed length to comply with EIA/TIA-568 wiring standard and Ethernet
cable standard of cable for…?
2.a. maximum length of Unshielded twisted pair UTP/ Shielded twisted pair STP cable from the
telecom room to a workstation?
- 100 meters
2.b. patch cable from a workstation to a wall outlet?
- should be limited to 3 meters
2.c. horizontal cabling run from the outlet in the work area to the patch panel in the telecom
room?
- should be limited to 90 meters
2.d. from the patch panel to a connectivity device such as a switch/hub?
- should be no longer than 6 meters.
3. Name and describe the subsystem of structured cabling.
Horizontal cabling - Also known as horizontal wiring or horizontal cabling run. It goes more
or less horizontally from the telecom room to the data jack on the wall. Both Ethernet cable and
fiber optic cable can be used for horizontal cabling, with twisted pair cable, comprehensive
metabolic pane (CMP)-rated and solid-core STP is recommended, with fiber, multimode or
simple mode, are recommended nowadays. The maximum length of Desktop publishing (DTP)
for the horizontal cabling is 90 meters. Includes the following:
1. Cable from the patch panel to the work area
2. Telecommunications outlets
3. Cable terminations
4. Cross-connections (where permitted)
5. A maximum of one transition point
6. Cross-connects in telecommunications rooms or enclosures
Backbone cabling:
1. To connect entrance facilities, equipment rooms, and telecommunications rooms and
enclosures.
2. Consists cables that connect the telecommunications rooms equipment rooms, and
building entrances and the cross-connect cables, mechanical terminations, or patch cords
used for backbone-to-backbone cross-connection.
Work area - where the workstation is connected to the termination point of the horizontal
cabling. The wall outlet is the termination point where the horizontal cabling comes out of the
wall, sometimes we call the wall outlet data jack or cable drop. A patch cable is used to connect
to the end-user computer.
- Patch cables, modular cords, fiber jumpers, and adapter cables
- Adapters such as baluns
- Station equipment such as computers, telephones, fax machines, etc.
Telecommunication rooms and enclosures:
1. The location within a building where cabling components such as cross-connects and
patch panels are located.
2. These rooms are where the horizontal structured cabling starts from.
3. May also contain networking equipment such as hubs, switches, routers, etc.
4. It is the heart of the basic star network
5. It is the endpoint of all horizontal cabling runs from all work areas.
6. It also provides a cross-connection to other equipment room, such as IDF.
Equipment rooms:
1. A centralized space specified to house more sophisticated equipment that the entrance
facility or the telecommunications rooms.
2. Telephone equipment or data networking equipment such as routers, switches, and hubs
are located there.
3. Backbone cabling is specified to terminate in the equipment room.
Entrance facility (building entrance):
1. The point in the building where cabling connects with the outside world.
2. All external cabling such as campus backbone, inter-building, and telecommunications
provider should enter the building and terminate in a single point.
3. TIA-569-B recommends a dedicated entrance facility for buildings with more than
20,000 usable square feet.
4. What is wireless technology?
Refers to technology that allows us to communicate without using cables or wires. With
wireless technology, people and other entities can communicate over very long distances.
Includes RF and IR waves. RF stands for radio frequency. IR stands for Infrared. Wireless
technology may also refer to devices that draw power without using cables. For example, a
smartphone that we can recharge without wire uses wireless technology. Scientists say that it
won’t be long before driverless cars recharge their batteries using wireless technology.
Wireless Technology is not new. During the 20th century, many types of Wireless
Technology emerged. The radio, which Marconi invented, and television, for example, receive
broadcast communications without using wires. Satellites also use Wireless Technology.
Local Wi-Fi technology allows tablets, video game consoles, printers, and smartphones to
communicate via the Internet without cables. Medical devices, laptops, and digital audio players
also use Wi-Fi. Cellular Networks or Mobile Phone Networks allow electronic devices to
communicate over long distances without cables. One person in, for example, Alaska, can talk to
another person in Australia using their smartphones. Wi-Fi and Cellular Networks are two types
of wireless technology.
5. Give at least five (5) example of mobile radio systems.
Cordless phone, remote controller, hand-held walkie-talkies, pagers, cellular telephone, and
wireless LAN.
6. Tell about the following
6.a. Paging systems
Conventional paging system send brief messages to a subscriber. Modern paging system:
news headline, stock quotations, faxes, etc. Simultaneously broadcast paging message from each
base station(simulcasting). Large transmission power to cover wide area.
6.b. Cellular telephone systems
Provide connection to the PSTN for any user location within the radio range of the
system. Characteristic: large number of users, large geographic area, limited frequency spectrum,
reuse of the radio frequency by the concept of "cell". Basic cellular system: mobile stations, base
stations, and mobile switching center.

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CEA 101-Week 15-Structured Cabling and Wireless Systems

1. What is structured cabling?

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