Conditional Sentences CONJUNCTION

A. Type 1  Ulysses wants to play for UConn,

Form but he has had trouble meeting the
if + Simple Present, will-Future academic requirements.
If I find her address, I will send her an  Ulysses has a great jump shot
invitation. but he isn't quick on his feet.
I will send her an invitation if I find her  Ulysses spent his summer
address. studying basic math, writing,
If I find her address, I’ll send her an and reading comprehension.
invitation.  Presbyterians and Methodists an
If John has the money, he will buy a d Baptists are the prevalent Protestant
Ferrari.. congregations in Oklahoma.
B. Type 2
 This is a useful rule, but difficult
Form
to remember.
if + Simple Past, main clause with
Conditional I (= would + Infinitive)
AND
If I found her address, I would send her
a. Tashonda sent in her
an invitation.
applications and waited by the phone for
I would send her an invitation if I found
a response.
her address.
b. Willie heard the weather
If I had a lot of money, I wouldn’t stay
report and promptly boarded up his
here.
house.
Were instead of Was
c. Juanita is brilliant and Shalimar
If I were you, I would not do this.
has a pleasant personality.
Use
d. Hartford is a rich city and suffers
If I found her address, I would send her
from many symptoms of urban blight.
an invitation..
e. Use your credit cards
If John had the money, he would buy a
frequently and you'll soon find yourself
Ferrari.
deep in debt.
C. Type 3
f. Charlie became addicted to
Form
gambling — and that surprised no one
if + Past Perfect, main clause with
who knew him.
Conditional II
If I had found her address, I would have
sent her an invitation.
I would have sent her an invitation if I
had found her address.
If I hadn’t studied, I wouldn’t have
passed my exams.
Use
If I had found her address, I would have
sent her an invitation.
If John had had the money, he would
have bought a Ferrari.
 FOR 
BUT  John thought he had a good
a. Joey lost a fortune in the stock chance to get the job, for his father was
market, but he still seems able to live on the company's board of trustees.
quite comfortably.  Most of the visitors were happy
b. The club never invested just sitting around in the shade, for it
foolishly, but used the services of a had been a long, dusty journey on the
sage investment counselor. train.
c. Everybody butGoldenbreath is
trying out for the team. SO.
 Soto is not the only Olympic
OR athlete in his family, so are his brother,
a. You can study hard for this sister, and his Uncle Chet.
exam or you can fail.  Soto has always been nervous in
b. We can broil chicken on the grill large gatherings, so it is no surprise that
tonight, or we can just eat leftovers. he avoids crowds of his adoring fans.
c. There are no rattlesnakes in this  So, the sheriff peremptorily
canyon, or so our guide tells us. removed the child from the custody of
d. The New Hampshire state motto his parents.
is the rather grim "Live free or die.
e. They must approve his political
styleor they wouldn't keep electing him Than
mayor.  He's taller and somewhat more
handsome than me.
NOR  Just because you look like him
 He is neither sane nor brilliant. doesn't mean you can play better
 That is neither what I than him.
said nor what I meant.  He's taller and somewhat more
 That is not what I meant to handsome than I [am handsome].
say, nor should you interpret my  You can play better than he [can
statement as an admission of guilt. play].
 George's handshake is as good
as any written contract, nor has he ever Subordinating Conjunctions
proven untrustworthy.  He took to the stage as
though he had been preparing for this
YET  moment all his life.
 John plays basketball  Because he loved acting, he
well, yet his favorite sport is badminton. refused to give up his dream of being in
 The visitors complained loudly the movies.
about the heat, yet they continued to  Unless we act now, all is lost.
play golf every day.
 The visitors complained loudly Correlative Conjunctions
yet continued to play golf every day.  She led the team not only in
statistics but also by virtue of her
enthusiasm.
 Polonius said, "Neither a  The weather caused
borrower nor a lender be." us to take a later flight.
 Whether you win this race or lose  He challenged me to
it doesn't matter as long as you do your find an error in his
best. figures.
 We must convince
GERUNDS them to investigate the
situation.
subject of the verb:          
 Swimming is a lot of fun Not only
and good exercise.  He not only used a
 Breathing is necessary. fictitious example, but he
 Driving a car requires reproduced it too
good vision.  Rowers not only face
Helping other people backward, they race
feels good. backward.
 The article, based on a
object of the verb lengthy interview with
 I really like swimming. Kidd, but also on
 I admit losing the discussions with other
combination to the safe.  figures in Joyce and
I advise finding a good general editorial
lawyer. scholarship

object of a preposition:  
 I am looking Noun Clouse
forward to swimming in
the ocean. subject of a verb:
 I am tired of waking
What Billy did shocked his friends.
up too early.
 I look
object of a verb:
forward to meeting your
friend. Billy’s friends didn’t know that he
 I am couldn’t swim.
interested in learning ba
seball. subject complement:
 She is
responsible for impleme Billy’s mistake was that he refused
nting new policy. to take lessons.

TO INFINITIVE object of a preposition:

 She asked me to
help her with her car. Mary is not responsible for what
Billy did.
 He begged me to
let him come along.
adjective complement:

Everybody is sad that Billy

drowned.