UMA KOINONIA 1ST FARM TOUR SITE IN MASBATE: ECOTOURISM AND

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AS MOTIVATION FOR TOURISTS’ ARRIVALS

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Uma Koinonia is a tropical organic farm and holiday resort in the Philippines that

specializes in agritourism. Masbate Province, to be precise. It is a rainforest-inspired garden that

is great for exciting the senses. Away from the hustle and bustle of Masbate, visitors may rest

and take in the beautiful views of the Masbate Cove and Metropolis. At Uma Koinonia, Mother

Nature is valued. Local trees and plants provide a sustainable environment that offers shade,

food, and habitat for local species, resulting in a varied ecosystem. The organic farm is

simplistic, yet it is ideal for an Instagram-worthy snapshot of lush flora and a memorable garden.

The goal of Uma Koinonia is for visitors to disconnect their souls from digital desires, relax to a

tropical sunset, sip fresh juice, eat nutritious food, or just meditate. The Uma Koinonia crew

ensures that every stay surpasses expectations by following the company's ethos of "serving

guests like family."

Given that Uma Koinonia is not yet entirely known in the country, this shows that this

tourist attraction needs more promotion to attract tourists. Located in Masbate, this spot is not the

easiest to access since nearby towns would either need to ride plains or cross the sea.

Transportation within the city could also be a hassle if the tourists do not have their own private

vehicles. However, there are still ways to get to this wonderful spot other than private measures.

Public transportation could be the easiest. Regardless, everyone who decides to visit the area will

be rewarded with beautiful landscapes and breathtaking vistas of nature. That is why, despite the

fact that it is rather difficult to reach, people from all over the nation opt to take the risk and visit
the region. It was created with nature lovers in mind. Everything at Uma Koinonia is visually

pleasant to the eyes, making the trip to the location an easy price to pay. This demonstrates the

site's potential to become a well-known tourist destination not only locally, but also

internationally.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Ecotourism is a responsible travel to natural regions with a focus on environmental

preservation and indigenous people's general health and well-being. As a result, travelers'

comprehension and knowledge are improved via education and interpretation. This is an

ecologically friendly tourism that emphasizes socially responsible travel and the development of

travelers. It is also educational, with the goal of educating visitors about the human influence on

the ecosystem and instilling a respect for natural environments. This type of tourism promotes

visitors to visit places where the major tourist attractions are flora, wildlife, and a rich cultural

history. Ecotourists have the chance to engage with biotic components of the natural

environment in pristine and generally undisturbed places of the world. Ecotourism has a lot of

promise to help local communities and protect natural resources. Ecotourism is a type of tourism

that includes attracting tourists to a region in order to experience its natural resources and

ecosystems while also supporting environmental protection and community well-being.

Visitors from all over the world are increasingly flocking to places where they may

witness distinctive natural features and authentic expressions of local culture. This market

demand phenomena have the potential to provide considerable economic benefits to

communities living near parks and other protected places. These protected areas generally reflect

a country's most important flora, wildlife, landscapes, and geological formations, and are among

the greatest examples of a harmonious interaction between man and terrains. Tourism has a huge
influence on a large portion of the globe. From the host to the tourist, tourism has influenced us

all in some manner. While tourism has beneficial impacts such as job creation, poverty relief,

education, environmental preservation, and cultural exchange, it also has negative repercussions

such as crime, loss of cultural identity, environmental degradation, species extinction, and global

warming. To offset tourism's negative effects, we must consider what sustainable community

development entails in tourist-affected areas. A debate of this nature should also include actions

that may be taken to ensure that those communities prosper as a whole, rather than relying

exclusively on tourists. After all, the improvements that tourism brings may contribute to any

community's transformation into a sustainable one.

UMA Koinonia, a tourism destination noted for adhering to natural principles, is located

in Masbate Province. It is classified as ecotourism since the institution places a premium on

environmental life and wellbeing. Even when the attraction draws a large number of visitors on

its own, there are still a number of methods to improve the situation and attract more visitors to

the province and the specific site. Community development and ecotourism promotion which

were mentioned above are two excellent strategies to promote Uma Koinonia, and this research

will focus on how to make it happen.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of ecotourism and community

development in attracting visitors to the UMA Koinonia 1st Farm Tour Site in Masbate.

This research is specifically looking for answers to the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 Gender
 1.2 Age

1.3 Civil Status

1.4 Location?

2. What is the perception of local tourists towards the current promotional strategy of UMA

Koinonia?

3. What is the role of ecotourism when it comes to promotion of tourist attractions?

4. How can community development be of use to attract more tourist arrivals?

5. What are the factors that affect the promotion of a tourist attraction, specifically UMA

Koinonia?

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of ecotourism and community

development in drawing tourists to Masbate's UMA Koinonia 1st Farm Tour Site.

The following sectors will benefit from the research:

Ecotourism Sector. Because ecotourism is one of the primary promotional techniques to

be examined in this study, greater importance will be placed on the ecotourism business as a

result of this. This research might be used as a model for other ecotourism attractions or

businesses.

The Community. The strategies to market the attraction also involve community

development. As a result, the community will undoubtedly profit from the study's development

efforts.

Provincial Tourism Department of Masbate. The provincial tourism department of

Masbate would most certainly profit from potential tourists if UMA Koinonia is promoted
through ecotourism and community development. Not only will this be confined to UMA

Koinonia, but other Masbate sites may be recognized as well.

Tourists. Tourists will have a better understanding of ecotourism and community

development, as well as how they influence or improve the lifestyle and welfare of visitors to a

particular tourist destination. Knowing this will help people make more informed decisions about

tourist sites that are both aesthetically attractive and environmentally friendly. Furthermore, as a

result of this research, the tourist destination may become more accessible in the future.

Business Investors. This research will most likely serve as a guide for business investors

looking to invest in sustainable enterprises or tourism. And start-ups and developing enterprises

are frequently where business investors put their money in. Ecotourism may become more

important in the future as a result of the huge expenditures made possible by this study.

Tourism Students. This research seeks to educate tourism students about the value of

ecotourism and community development, as well as how it may help promote lesser-known

tourist destinations in the country, particularly those in provinces and rural regions.

The Researchers. The researchers will gain knowledge and expertise in conducting

research as a result of this study. Furthermore, because the researchers' goal was to make a

difference for rural tourism attraction locations, this study will also serve as a sort of gratification

for their efforts.

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

This research will focus on evaluating ecotourism and community development in

support of the UMA Koinonia 1st Farm Tour Site in Masbate as a tourist attraction. It wants to
discover how effective ecotourism and community development are at promoting development,

whether that development is environmental, economic, or social.

As the study's topic, the researchers will primarily focus on the local community around

the UMA Koinonia. This includes residents from nearby areas who have heard about or arrived

to the location. In terms of community development and how it would benefit the community's

lifestyle, the local community will also be respondents. And how it will pave the way for tourism

betterment in the region and local area.

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter includes concepts, a completed thesis, implications or findings, methods,

and other materials. Those in this chapter aid in familiarizing readers with relevant and related

facts to the current study.

RELATED LITERATURE

Local Literature

Ecotourism Industry in the Philippines

The government recognizes the tourist industry as a significant contribution to foreign

exchange profits, investments, income, employment, and the expansion of the country's

production. It is a powerful and efficient industry; its impact on social development is broad and

deep; it generates strong peripheral benefits; the Philippines can compete and win; and it

contributes to the preservation of cultural integrity, essential ecological processes, biological

diversity, and life support systems. Tourism has evolved into one of the world's most significant

sectors, and as a result, it is becoming increasingly essential. Tourism is undergoing a moment of

significant transition after decades of tremendous quantitative expansion. Tourists, who are the

industry's consumers, have begun to demand changes in the circumstances of production and

consumption of tourism services (Narasaiah 2007).

The Republic Act of 2009, also known as Republic Act No. 9593, is a national tourism

policy that encourages business enthusiasts to invest and employ people in the Philippines, as

well as strengthening the Department of Tourism and its associated agencies to effectively and

efficiently implement that policy. Ecotourism, as defined, is a marketable form of nature-based

tourism, but it has also been formulated and studied by non-governmental organizations (NGOs)

as a tool for sustainable development. As a result, the word "ecotourism" refers to a notion based

on a set of principles on the one hand, and a specific market sector on the other (Wood, 2002).

Furthermore, ecotourism is a form of nature-based tourism that encompasses a wide

range of tourist categories. Because it is small-scale and has low ecological and social

consequences, ecotourism is frequently seen and promoted as being compatible with

conservation goals. Nature-based tourism, on the other hand, is frequently utilized to support

national development goals rather than conservation goals due to its bigger size. The demand for

ecotourism and nature-based tourism has been gradually growing. This pattern is likely to

persist. Tourists' expertise, desired degree of excitement, available vacation time, and cost are the

main drivers of what they seek.

Promotion through Ecotourism

 Tourism refers to the temporary migration of people to areas other than their usual places

of employment and home, as well as the activities they engage in while there, and the facilities

built to meet their requirements. Tourism is one of the world's fastest expanding sectors,

according to UNESCO (n.d.), and a significant source of foreign exchange and jobs for many

developing nations. Sustainable development is defined as development that satisfies current

demands without jeopardizing future generations' ability to satisfy their own needs (Brundlandt

Report, n.d). Tourism has the potential to contribute to an area's long-term growth. Because of

the vast range of services, it may give to persons, such as jobs in hotels, travel agencies, and

other enterprises surrounding the tourist destination, it adds to the economic standing of the area.

The tourist sector offers individuals with employment possibilities.

According to the United Nations (n.d.), the tourist business that supports environmental

preservation is a significant contribution to the country's or region's socio-economic profile.

Tourism has also been responsible for preserving environmental quality and ensuring that

visitors have a positive experience. The term "ecotourism" refers to the preservation of natural

resources while also protecting the environment. It also means respecting the local culture and

not abusing its resources. Ecotourism is a phenomenon that will have a significant impact on the

area's long-term development due to the indicators it may generate, such as economic, social, and

environmental factors (Kiper, 2013). Despite the good consequences and possible advantages

that ecotourism has to offer, it also has certain drawbacks, particularly in terms of socio-cultural

elements and the environment. “In the Philippines, there are one hundred ten (110) indigenous

ethno-linguistic groups with an estimated total population of about 12 million located in various

areas of the country, constituting 17 percent of the overall population,” according to the National

Statistics Coordination Board (NSCB, n.d).

 Ecotourism has a direct impact on these indigenous people since they are easily

discriminated against and exploited. The majority of tourist attractions are located in areas where

minority tribes or indigenous people dwell. The entire process of developing a region for

ecotourism or urbanizing it creates a variety of disruptions that undermine the income and

lifestyle of these disadvantaged people. The businesses that will be established will compete with

the area's existing businesses in some way. This also jeopardizes the preservation of these tribes'

cultural legacy, since they will unavoidably come into contact with components of the developed

world, such as new civilizations, technology, and ideologies.

The Challenge of Sustainable Tourism Development in the Philippines

President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo attempted to enhance the image of the Philippine

tourism sector by visiting a number of tourist spots around the country in early 2002. Each visit

was followed by frontpage coverage of the President taking in the country's most popular tourist

attractions and activities. The President was pictured underwater, smiling through her diving

mask, her hands on top of some coral branches, during her visit to the Tubbataha Reef, southeast

of Palawan. The photograph drew a mixed reaction from the public. Some industries applauded

her for taking the lead in growing the country's most important dollar-earning business. Others,

on the other hand, criticized her for allegedly breaking a basic guideline of safe diving tourism

by touching the corals. President Arroyo at the Reef is a suitable emblem of sustainable tourist

growth in the Philippines today, regardless of how one sees her behavior underwater.
 Tourism, without a question, presents the potential of expanded job and income

possibilities, especially for Filipinos residing in the country's coastal and rural areas. However, it

is an industry based on the most delicate of natural and cultural ecosystems, where even the most

little and innocuous human actions may swiftly devastate the site's resources. “The human

population consumes or contaminates the planet's natural resources. Drinkable water, breathing

air, and biological variety are all essential for human life. The world's major reservoirs for each

of them are natural ecosystems” (Buckley, 2008, p.5). This phrase implies that a rise in

population, potentially as a result of increased economic expansion, would result in a faster

depletion of natural resources. This is the problem of long-term tourist development. Tourism is

projected to become an even more powerful economic weapon for the Philippines. Our tourist

markets, as well as the Philippine tourism sector, have grown more cognizant of the negative

environmental and social consequences of tourism development. As a result, the government has

begun to understand the necessity for new development techniques in order to produce

ecologically friendly and commercially successful tourism products.

Furthermore, sustainable tourism is becoming more popular as a study topic. Many

academic magazines are now publishing articles regarding Asia-Pacific destinations with

increasing frequency (e.g., Shaw 2000; Edmonds andLeposky 1998; Smith 1992). The majority

of them, however, have been case studies of specific locations. There have been even fewer

publications that address broad national or industry-level issues.

Foreign Literature

Community Development through Tourism

 Although globalization may be dead (Saul 2005), internationalization continues to thrive.

In an age where communications technology pervades the globe, allowing us to sit in our living

rooms and watch other people's lives on television and connect with them via the Internet, those

with the means to travel desire to experience something that technology cannot. It is unclear

what that "something" is. Many of those looking for that difference, on the other hand, are

turning to the people they meet in the locations they visit - the local communities. Tourism has

long had a strong relationship with local communities, notably as hosts and guides, but since the

1960s, when travel became more accessible to the general public, the package vacation has

emerged, effectively removing the visitor from the community. Visitors' interactions with their

hosts grew regulated to the point where the local community became objectified as a quaint

photo opportunity, thanks to tour guides from their own nation, specialized transportation, and

hotels. However, as these people gained more travel experience and learned more about the

world via television, their desire to engage grew.

However, before such good contact can be accomplished, individuals must first

understand what is and is not feasible in terms of meaningful tourist–host relationship.

Unfortunately, some individuals have been burned by tourism, which has evolved spontaneously

in most locations with little preparation, and they now reject tourism as a sustainable communal

benefit. On the other side, many people feel that tourism is the only way to improve their town

and that it is the answer to "everything."

Innovative Development and Strategic Promotion of Ecotourism in Northeast Michigan

There is no autonomous body committed to promoting and marketing ecotourism in

Michigan. The importance of good organizational leadership and planning contribute to the

growth and development of the ecotourism business, as the examples above show. Tourist
planning is an important element of the regional economic development planning process since

tourism activities are influenced by the region's natural/cultural resource, transportation,

infrastructure, and land use planning. According to Edward Inskeep, a World Tourism

Organization (WTO) planner, all transportation facilities, tourist attractions/activities,

accommodation facilities, and other tourist facilities, such as travel operations, tourist

information, restaurants, and shopping, should be considered in the planning of tourist markets

(domestic, international, and residents) and tourism environments. Tourism planning is thus a

"multi-sectoral activity," according to this definition. Several ecotourism-related industries

should be included into regional planning based on a thorough understanding of natural regional

resources.

Michigan Sea Grant and the Northeast Michigan Council of Government completed the

initial stages in a comprehensive regional ecotourism planning process in Northeast Michigan.

They just finished a Northeast Michigan Integrated Assessment (NEMIA)21, which evaluates the

capacity of three counties in Northeast Michigan (Presque Isle, Alpena, and Alcona) to create

sustainable tourism and preserve the region's natural and cultural resources. The economical,

ecological, cultural, planning and zoning, and sustainable design assessments were all included

of the Sea Grant evaluation. The Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary was investigated by

Michigan Sea Grant and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in the

study, which dealt with a cultural assessment to identify coastal cultural assets in Northeast

Michigan. The assessment's findings cover two types of assets: on-shore and in-water assets.

Approximately 71 recognized shipwrecks and 100 unknown wrecks have been identified in Lake

Huron waters as prospective ecotourism destinations. These can give culturally and naturally rich
diving and snorkeling experiences for visitors, as well as economic advantages to the region's

residents.

NEMIA also recognized natural characteristics in the three counties, such as protected

land, unique ecosystems, plants, and animals in the region, and ranked the Ecological Importance

in the ecological evaluation part. NEMIA also proposed possible ecotourism activities based on

geological characteristics and migrating bird locations as part of the findings. The findings imply

that the Thunder Bay and Black River areas might be good places to go bird viewing. Huron

National Forest, Thunder Bay River State Forest, and Atlanta State Forest Area all have large

areas of protected territory. These advantages, according to the NEMIA study, may provide the

foundation for ecotourism in the area.

Ways of Promoting Cultural Ecotourism for Local Communities in Sibiu Area

Ecotourism is a type of tourism that promotes and supports long-term economic growth,

either directly or indirectly. The cultural aspect of Romanian ecotourism can be determined on a

local level, taking into account the natural and cultural potential, thereby contributing to the

increase of job opportunities in both the touristic and auxiliary service sectors, as well as the

management of local resources; it diversifies the local economy, particularly in rural areas where

agriculture has few opportunities. It contributes to the improvement of local infrastructure; it

promotes intercultural understanding and free communication between residents and tourists; and

the diversification of touristic activities can lead to an increase in interest in environmental

protection by persuading tourism consumers and responsible factors of the importance of natural

protected areas.
 Ways of fostering cultural ecotourism for local communities presents scientific

alternatives that support social development and improve the human situation. Tourists are

increasingly being directed toward cultural circuits (according to studies made by Euromonitor).

As a result of this phenomena, the marketing of cultural and natural trumps is done at a global

level in order to attract visitors. Sibiu County may be effective in tourism, especially cultural

ecotourism, with an innovative offer. We believe that cultural ecotourism is an opportunity for

Sibiu to become an Eco touristic and cultural destination on the European touristic map, not only

for foreign visitors, but also for Romanians, with benefits to local communities within the rural

environment and will contribute to the increase of rendering visibility, based on the experience

gained in the project "Sibiu Cultural European Capital." Culture may be supported by promoting

ecotourism, and vice versa, the Eco touristic potential can be realized through culture.

Between 2009 and 2013, this research included regular visitor surveys, tourist flow

analyses, and other information for Sibiu County. Many of the program's short-term objectives

were fulfilled, according to the assessment report, including drawing huge numbers of tourists,

expanding cultural engagement, and strengthening the city's image in Romania and

internationally. Since 2007, visitors to the city have clearly been visiting a larger assortment of

attractions. The tourist experience has improved as Sibiu's tourism and cultural sector has grown.

The ECOC in 2007 did not result in an increase in the quality of the experience in and of itself,

but it appears that the event's legacy is a much-improved visit quality. Sibiu's image has been

mostly good since 2007. Its reputation as a city with a rich history, culture, and art, as well as its

image as a European metropolis, has improved marginally. Sibiu is seen as a welcoming, ancient

city rich in culture and art, demonstrating the good image effects of the ECOC and other recent

events. Sibiu's reputation in comparison to other European cultural destinations has also
improved, indicating the enhanced quality of the tourism offer. Sibiu's comparatively high

rankings as a cultural destination are, of course, mostly due to Romanian responses -

international tourists tend to rate Sibiu lower than other European towns.

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