Chemistry Unit 2 Part 1 Reallyacademics
Chemistry Unit 2 Part 1 Reallyacademics
Chemistry Unit 2 Part 1 Reallyacademics
Temperature +24.5 oC
● Stage 3: Calculate ∆H, using the equation change, ∆H
Evaluating sources of error and assumptions made in the
experiments
● Possible errors include:
○ Some of the heat energy produced in burning is transferred to the air and not the water
○ Some of the ethanol may not burn completely to form carbon dioxide and water.
(Incomplete burning produces less heat energy)
○ Some of the heat energy produced in burning is transferred to the copper can and not to
the water
○ The conditions are not standard.
○ The experiment takes a long time. This means that not all of the heat energy transferred
from the water to the surroundings is compensated for.
Standard enthalpy change of neutralisation
● The standard enthalpy change of neutralisation is the enthalpy change
measured at standard conditions, when one mole of water is produced by
the neutralisation of an acid with an alkali.
● The following equation represents the standard enthalpy change of
neutralisation of hydrochloric acid:
Experimental determination of enthalpy change of
neutralisation
● Procedures
○ Wear safety glasses and a lab coat
○ Using a pipette fitted with a safety filler, place
25.0cm3 of 1.00 mol dm-3 acid into an expanded
polystyrene cup.
○ Measure the temperature of the acid
○ Using a pipette fitted with a safety filler, place
25.0 cm3 of the alkali into the beaker
○ Measure the temperature of the alkali
○ Add the alkali to the acid, stir with the
thermometer and measure the maximum
temperature reached
Example: Enthalpy of Neutralisation