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    Unit II: Design of Vessels Subjected To Internal Pressure: CHE 211: Equipment Design Dr. Sanjay Katheria

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    Kusmakar
    This document discusses stresses in thin-walled pressure vessels. It defines membrane stress as the uniformly distributed stress across the thickness of a section. For cylinders with a wall thickness less than 7% of the inner diameter, the cylinder can be treated as thin. Thin-walled cylinders experience three main stresses when pressurized: circumferential (hoop) stress, longitudinal stress in closed-end cylinders, and radial stress. The document then examines equations for calculating hoop stress, longitudinal stress, and Lame's equation, which relates stresses in thin cylindrical shells subjected to internal pressure.

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    Unit II: Design of Vessels Subjected To Internal Pressure: CHE 211: Equipment Design Dr. Sanjay Katheria

    Uploaded by

    Kusmakar
    32 views24 pages
    This document discusses stresses in thin-walled pressure vessels. It defines membrane stress as the uniformly distributed stress across the thickness of a section. For cylinders with a wall thickness less than 7% of the inner diameter, the cylinder can be treated as thin. Thin-walled cylinders experience three main stresses when pressurized: circumferential (hoop) stress, longitudinal stress in closed-end cylinders, and radial stress. The document then examines equations for calculating hoop stress, longitudinal stress, and Lame's equation, which relates stresses in thin cylindrical shells subjected to internal pressure.

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    Lecture 4 CHE211

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    This document discusses stresses in thin-walled pressure vessels. It defines membrane stress as the uniformly distributed stress across the thickness of a section. For cylinders with a wall thickness less than 7% of the inner diameter, the cylinder can be treated as thin. Thin-walled cylinders experience three main stresses when pressurized: circumferential (hoop) stress, longitudinal stress in closed-end cylinders, and radial stress. The document then examines equations for calculating hoop stress, longitudinal stress, and Lame's equation, which relates stresses in thin cylindrical shells subjected to internal pressure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    32 views24 pages

    Unit II: Design of Vessels Subjected To Internal Pressure: CHE 211: Equipment Design Dr. Sanjay Katheria

    Uploaded by

    Kusmakar
    This document discusses stresses in thin-walled pressure vessels. It defines membrane stress as the uniformly distributed stress across the thickness of a section. For cylinders with a wall thickness less than 7% of the inner diameter, the cylinder can be treated as thin. Thin-walled cylinders experience three main stresses when pressurized: circumferential (hoop) stress, longitudinal stress in closed-end cylinders, and radial stress. The document then examines equations for calculating hoop stress, longitudinal stress, and Lame's equation, which relates stresses in thin cylindrical shells subjected to internal pressure.

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    Unit II: Design of vessels subjected to internal pressure

    Lecture 4

    CHE 211: Equipment Design

    Dr. Sanjay Katheria


    Membrane stress

    The final thickness of a process vessel should, therefore, be so chosen that it is not only adequate against the induced stresses
    caused by internal pressure, but also ensures safety against stresses caused by extraneous agencies as mentioned above.

    Membrane stress means the component of normal stress that is uniformly distributed and equal to the average value of the
    stress across the thickness of the section under consideration.

    As it is observed most of the process vessels are having wall thickness small in comparison with their diameter and
    length, and offer little resistance to bending perpendicular to their surface ; but these are very resistant to their plane.
    The constituents of these surfaces are called "membranes", and the stresses calculated by neglecting bending is called
    "membrane stresses".
    Stresses in thin cylinders

    If the wall thickness is less than about 7% of the inner diameter then the cylinder may be treated as a thin one.

    Thin walled cylinders are used as boiler shells, pressure tanks, pipes and in other low pressure processing equipments. In
    general three types of stresses are developed in pressure cylinders viz. circumferential or hoop stress, longitudinal stress in
    closed end cylinders and radial stresses.

    (a) Circumferential stress (b) Longitudinal stress and (c) Radial stress developed in thin cylinders
    Thin wall vessels

    Let a cylindrical vessel of length L diameter D and thickness t is subjected to and internal pressure p.
    Thin wall vessels: hoop stress
    Thin wall vessels: longitudinal stress
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation
    Lame’s Equation

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