SECTION A

Answ
wer ALL questions in this Section. Writee your answerrs in the spacees provided.

1. There is a mixxture of gasess in the atmospphere. The folllowing is the arrangement of atoms of
one of the gasses, oxygen gaas..

(a) State the typee of molecularr interaction am

mong oxygen
n molecule.

(1 mark)

(b) Suggest a method to separaate oxygen gas from other gases

g in the atm
mosphere.

(1 mark)

(c) If oxygen is liquefied, do you

y think that it is a good co
onductor of ellectricity? Expplain.

(2 marks)

-1-
20100-CE-CHEM 1-1
2. In an industrial plant, a hydrocarbon compound is cracked into alkane A (relative molecular
mass 58) and alkene B (relative molecular mass 42).
(a) What is the industrial importance of cracking?

(1 mark)

(b) (i) Suggest a chemical test to distinguish between A and B.

(2 marks)
(ii) From the above data, deduce the structural formula of B.
(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, C = 12.0)

(2 marks)

-2-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-2
3. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution is a commonly used sterilizing agent.
(a) Write an ionic equation for the preparation of sodium hypochlorite solution.

(1 mark)
(b) Suggest ONE chemical test to show the presence of hypochlorite ions in sample of
sterilizing agent. State the observable change in the test.

(2 marks)
(c) Other than sterilizing agent, state another use of sodium hypochlorite solution. Explain with
an appropriate equation.

(2 marks)
(d) A 100 cm3 sample of sterilizing agent contains 2.6 g of sodium hypochlorite. Calculate the
concentration, in mol dm−3, of sodium hypochlorite solution.
(Relative atomic masses: O = 16.0, Na = 23.0, Cl = 35.5)

(2 marks)

-3-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-3
3. The following diagram shows a chemical cell by using carbon rod as cathode and anode.

(a) Suggest an apparatus, other than voltmeter, to measure the electromotive force generated by the
chemical cell.

(1 mark)
(b) Write ionic half equations for the reactions that occur at anode and cathode. State the expected
observations on each electrode.
(i) anode

(2 marks)
(ii) cathode

(2 marks)

-4-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-4
5. An experiment was carried out to determine the number of water of crystallization of hydrated
copper(II) sulphate crystal (CuSO4 . nH2O). 3.77 g of a sample of the crystal was dissolved in
water to give a pale blue solution. Excess NaOH solution was added to the pale blue solution
and a precipitate was obtained. The precipitate was then washed and heated strongly to constant
mass to give a black solid. The mass of the black solid obtained was found to be 1.20 g.

(a) Write an equation for the formation of the black solid.

(1 mark)
(b) Why was it necessary to wash the solid obtained ?

(1 mark)
(c) Calculate the value of n in CuSO4 . nH2O.

(4 marks)

-5-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-5
6. (a) Burning magnesium with sulphur dioxide gives magnesium oxide and sulphur.

Magnesium + Sulphur Dioxide Æ Magnesium oxide + Sulphur

(i) Transcribe the above reaction into a chemical equation.

(1 mark)
(ii) In terms of oxidation number, show that the above reaction is a redox reaction.

(2 marks)
(b) When magnesium reacts with dilute sulphuric acid, hydrogen gas is given off.
(i) Give TWO observable changes of the above reaction.

(2 marks)
(ii) Suggest a method to collect the hydrogen gas.

(1 mark)

-6-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-6
7. Consider the substances listed below :

sulphur dioxide, concentrated sulphuric acid, ammonium sulphate,

calcium oxide, , nitrogen dioxide, concentrated hydrochloric acid

(a) Which substance is the pollutant of vehicles using petrol to cause acid rain? Write the
chemical equation of the formation of acid rain.

(2 marks)
(b) Which substance is used in esterification of alkanoic acid and alkanol? State its function.
 

(2 marks)
(c) Which substance is used by farmers to increase their crop yield? State its function.

(2 marks)

-7-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-7
8. But-1-ene molecules polymerize to form a polymer.
(a) State the type of polymerization for the formation of this polymer. Explain your answer.

(2 marks)
(b) Draw the repeating unit and write the equation to show the formation of the polymer.

(2 marks)
(c) Calculate the number of repeating units in this polymer if it has a relative molecular mass
of 196000.

(2 marks)

-8-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-8
For question 9, candidates are required give a paragraph-length answer. In this
question, 6 marks will be awarded for chemical knowledge and 3 marks for effective
communication.

9. The rate of rusting is affected by a number of factors. Given the following materials and
equipments, outline how you would carry out an experiment to investigate the presence of
electrolyte on the rate of rusting.

iron nails, copper strips, zinc strips, sodium chloride solution, dilute hydrochloric acid, distilled
water, oil and some test-tubes.
(9 marks)

-9-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-9
 END OF SECTION A

-10-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-10
 SECTION B
Answer ALL questions in this Section. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

10. A student carried out the following experiment to determine the purity of citric acid (a tribasic
acid with a relative molecular mass of 192) in a sample of vitamin tablet. The experiment consisted of
the following procedures:
2.5 g of the vitamin tablet powder dissolved in distilled water and made up to 250 cm3. 25 cm3 of the
diluted solution was withdrawn to a conical flask and titrated against 0.1 M sodium hydroxide
solution.
(a) Name the apparatus that should be used to transfer 25 cm3 of the diluted sample to the conical
flask.
(1 mark)
(b) Suggest a suitable indicator for the titration and state the colour change at the end point.
(2 mark)
(c) The student carried out four titrations altogether. The titration results are listed in the table below:

Burette reading:
Titration 1 2 3 4
Final reading / cm3 12.5 13.7 17.1 21.6
Initial reading / cm3 0.0 2.2 5.5 10.2

(i) Based on the titration results, calculate a reasonable average for the volume of the sodium
hydroxide solution used.
(ii) Calculate the mass of citric acid in the tablet.
(iii) Determine the percentage purity of citric acid in the sample.

(6 marks)

-11-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-11
 -12-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-12
11 When the circuit in the set-up shown below is closed, the iron(II) sulphate solution changes its
colour from green to yellow.
Voltameter

X Y

dil ute sodium

S ch loride solution
A
Pt Pt

salt bridge

P Q

acidified potassium iron (II)

permanganate solution sulphate solution
(a) Write a half equation for the reaction that occurs in the iron(II) sulphate solution. Explain whether the
electrode Q is anode or cathode.
(2 marks)
(b) Write the overall equation occurred in voltameter (electrolytic cell).
(1 mark)
(c) Deduce the ratio of the theoretical volumes of gases produced at X and Y.
(2 marks)
(d) After electrolysis, what is change of the following properties in sodium chloride solution? Explain
briefly.
(1) concentration (2) pH value
(2 marks)
(e) In order to obtain a gas with bleaching power in the electrolysis, TWO modifications must be taken
in the above set-up. Please specify and explain briefly.
(3 marks)

-13-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-13
 -14-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-14
12. . 12g of an unsaturated gaseous hydrocarbon X on complete combustion produce 3.52 g of carbon
dioxide. The volume of oxygen used for complete combustion is 6 times the volume of X under room
conditions.
( Relative atomic masses : H = 1.0 , C = 12.0 , O = 16.0 ; Molar volume of gas at room
temperature and pressure = 24.0 dm3 )

a) In 1.12 g of X , what are the masses of carbon and hydrogen.

(2 marks)
b) Find the empirical formula of X.
(2 marks)
c) Find the molecular formula of X.
(2 marks)
d) Hence draw TWO possible structure of X.
(2 marks)

-15-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-15
 -16-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-16
For question 13 candidates arre required too give a parag
graph-length
h answer. Forr

this question, 6 marks will be awarded forr chemical kn

nowledge and 3 marks for
effecctive commun
nication.
13. In
I making nylon-6.6, hexanne-1,6-diaminee and hexaned
dioyl dichloridde is used. Disscuss how you
u can
p
prepare nylon--6.6 string in laboratory.
l Allso, suggest a way to prevennt the formatioon of harmfull gas
d
during the proocess. Use the following conndensed structtural formulaee and write ann equation for the
f
formation of thhe polymer.

Hexane-1,66-diamine

Hexanediooyl dichloride

(9 marks)

-17-
20100-CE-CHEM 1-17
 END OF PAPER

-18-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-18
 -19-
2010-CE-CHEM 1-19