What Are The Importance of Genetics in Agriculture
What Are The Importance of Genetics in Agriculture
What Are The Importance of Genetics in Agriculture
Key terms
Term Meaning
The use of an organism, or a component of an
organism or other biological system, to make a
Biotechnology product or process.
Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments based on their size, and the
fragments are stained with a dye so the researcher can see them. They can
then be used as a way to compare how similar DNA samples are to one
another.
DNA fragments migrate through the gel from the negative to the positive
electrode.
After the gel has run, the fragments are separated by size, with the smallest
ones near the bottom (positive electrode) and the largest ones near the top
(negative electrode).
The plasmid can be replicated in bacteria, making many copies of the gene of
interest. In some cases, the gene is also expressed in the bacteria, making a
protein (such as the insulin used by diabetics).
Insertion of a gene into a plasmid.
Bioethics
Biotechnology has the potential to provide benefits to people and societies,
but it can also have negative effects or unintended consequences.
Image of the taxidermied remains of Dolly the cloned sheep, in the National
Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh.
In addition, not all clones are created artificially. Clones are simply identical
genetic copies, and many organisms naturally reproduce through cloning. For
example, bacteria reproduce by binary fission, during which they copy their
DNA and divide into two.