FATIMA COLLEGE OF CAMIGUIN, INC.

9100 Lumad, Poblacion Mambajao, Camiguin Philippines

Administered by the Religious Sisters of Mercy (RSM) - Philippines
E-mail: [email protected]
Mobile No. Smart (09704007909) Globe (09673903133)
“In God’s Mercy, We Serve with Joy!”

TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION 10- DRESSMAKING

LEARNING KIT
TOPIC: Chapter I : PERSONAL ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCIES - PECs (PC) and ENVIRONMENT AND MARKET (EM)

TIME FRAME: 2 weeks (6 sessions)

Student’s Complete
Name:_________________________________________________

Strand/Grade level/
Section:________________________________________________

OPENING PRAYER
Our Lord God in heaven. Thank you for the new day you've bestowed upon us. Until this moment, we still have our borrowed life
and strength from you. We worship and praise Your Holy Name. This moment, we will continue to study and acquire new
knowledge. May you bless your students with witty brain to think fast and an inquiring mind to be curious on whatever knowledge
they will learn today. Most importantly bless them with Your wisdom and a heart that will follow your commandments in order for
them to become worthy in their studies. You know that in this recent times, most are suffering from hardships and economic crises.
We humbly ask You to bless the parents of your students. May you shower Your abundant blessings and prosperity to each of their
homes. So that we can use these not only for our daily lives but especially for the performance of our duties to your Holy name. We
hope that you heard our prayer. We ask all of these. In the name of Jesus Christ, our Savior.

Amen.

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 OVERVIEW

Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies

Introduction

In this module, you will learn more about entrepreneurship and the entrepreneurial competencies
related to Dressmaking. You will have a first-hand experience in educational activities leading to personal
assessment of your entrepreneurial competencies and assessment of entrepreneurial competencies of a
successful dressmaker in your community. You will also have some activities that will align your
competencies with those of a successful practitioners. Moreover, this module will stimulate your mind to
think about entrepreneurship, its role in the business community as well as in its economic and social
development.

Let us know and understand what entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship are.

Entrepreneurs are people with skills and capabilities who see and evaluate business opportunities.
They are individuals that can strategically identify products or services needed by the community and they
have the capacity to deliver these at the right time and at the right place.

Entrepreneurs are agents of economic change; they organize, manage and assume risks of a
business. Some of the good qualities of an entrepreneur are opportunity seeker, risk taker, goal setter,
excellent planner, a confident problem solver, hardworking, persistent, and a committed worker.

Entrepreneurship, on the other hand, is not just a simple business activity. It is a strategic process
of innovation and new venture creation. Basically, entrepreneurship is both an art and science of converting
business ideas into marketable products or services to improve the quality of living.

GUIDE QUESTIONS

A. Why are entrepreneurial activities important to social development and progress of the
economy?
B. What entrepreneurial activities do you know and capable of doing which are related to
dressmaking?
C. Given the opportunity to own a business that relates with dressmaking, are you confident
to manage it? Explain your answer.
D. What do you think are the most important competencies must you possess to be
successful in running your chosen business?
E. Name successful entrepreneurs from your community whose business is related to
dressmaking. Be able to share to the class their PECs that made them successful.

WHAT YOU ARE EXPECTED TO LEARN

LO 1. Recognize PECs needed in Dressmaking.

OBJECTIVES
At the end of this module, you are expected to:

 Identify areas for improvement, development and growth;

 Align your PECs according to your business or career choice; and
 Create a plan of action that ensures success in your business or
career choice.
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 HOW MUCH DO YOU KNOW?

This activity will enable you to assess your prior knowledge from the topic that will be
discussed in this lesson. Have fun and good luck!

1. DIAGNOSTIC
2. ASSESSMENT
A. Multiple Choice

Directions: Read the statements carefully. Write the letter that best describes the
statement. Write your answer in your quiz notebook.
1. Type of cloth that has the following characteristics: absorbency, heat
conduction, strength, and beauty.
a. Cotton c. Linen
b. Poplin d. Broadcloth
2. Type of cloth which is also called tabbinet.
a. Gingham c. Linen
b. Poplin d. Silk
3. Type of test that is used to determine slippage of threads by pulling the
fabric from both sides of the tuck.
a. Test by pin c. Test by thumb
b. Test for sizing d. Test for straight of grain
4. Type of test that determines the strength and shape-holding qualities of
both lengthwise and crosswise of fabrics.
a. Test by pin c. Test by Thumb
b. Test for sizing d. Test by mercerization
5. Type of skirt which is small at the waist and widens evenly as it reaches
the ground.
a. Straight skirt c. Pleated skirt
b. Gathered skirt d. A-line skirt
6. Skirt style which is gathered at the waist and set into a band to look more
fitted to the hips.
a. Straight skirt c. Pleated skirt
b. Gathered skirt d. A-line skirt
7. The skirt style that has fullness all around the hem where soft ruffles goes
up toward the waist from the bottom.
a. Gored skirt c. Pleated skirt
b. Flared skirt d. Gathered skirt
8. Sewing construction where the fabric sewn is between the fabric edge and
the stitched seam line.
a. Seams c. Tucks
b. Darts d. Gathers
9. Sewing construction which serves the same purpose as a dart except it
releases fullness at the larger parts of the body.
a. Seams c. Tucks
b. Darts d. Gathers

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 10. It is the process of joining two pieces of fabric where one is slightly longer
than the other to have extra fullness for ease of movement rather than
decoration.
a. Stitching c. Pleating
b. Easing d. Gathering

Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECs)

Content Standards Performance Standards

The learner demonstrates understanding The learner independently creates a plan

of one’s PECs in Dressmaking. of action that strengthens and or further
develops his/her PECs in Dressmaking.

Quarter I Time Allotment: 4 hours

Now that you have an idea about the enabling knowledge and skill that you will
develop and master, take the first challenge in this module – the pre-assessment.

PRE-ASSESSMENT

As part of your activity, you will be challenged to go deeper on the knowledge

and previous experiences on the topic. Try to assess what you already know about
PECs by answering Task 1.

Task 1: Matching Type

Direction: Match the entrepreneurial competencies in column A with their

meaning in column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided
before each number.
A B
____1. Creative A. make a wise decision towards the set
objectives
____2. Profit-oriented B. strategic thinking and setting of goals
____3. Discipline C. trust in one’s ability
____4. Decision Making D. adoptable to change
____5. People Skill E. innovative to have edge over other
competitors
____6. Planner F. solid dedication
____7. Self-confidence G. skillful in record keeping
____8. Hardworking H. always stick to the plan
____9. Ability to accept change I. working diligently
____10. Committed J effective and efficient communication
and relation to people
K. always looking for income

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LEARNING GOALS AND TARGET

Having gone through pre-assessment, and answering the guide questions, set
your own personal goals. These goals will further achieve the ultimate objective of this
module and motivate you to learn more about PECs.

Goals and Learning

Ultimate Goal
Targets Activities

Figure 1: Strategic process to achieve the objectives of this module

READING RESOURCES AND INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES

After setting your own personal goals and targets in achieving the objectives of
this module, check your inherent knowledge of PECs. Answer the following guide
questions with your classmates.

Task 3:

Direction: Answer the following guide questions on the space provided.

1. Explain the importance of assessing one’s PECs before engaging in a particular

entrepreneurial activity.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________.

2. Are there other strategies or approaches where you can assess your PECs?
Explain how those strategies will become useful in selecting a viable business
venture.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________.

3. What are the desirable personal characteristics, attributes, lifestyles, skills and
traits of a prospective entrepreneur? Why are these important?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

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 _________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________.

4. Why there is a need to assess one’s PECs in terms of characteristics, attributes,

lifestyles, skills, and traits before starting a particular business?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________.

5. What is the significance of evaluating PECs as a successful entrepreneur? What

helpful insights can you draw from this activity?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________.

There are different topics that will enrich your knowledge of PECs. Read carefully the
important details about the succeeding topic.

Know

Assessment of Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies (PECs) and Skills vis-à-vis a

Practicing Entrepreneur or Employee in a Province

Entrepreneurial Competencies refer to the important characteristics that should

be possessed by an individual in order to perform entrepreneurial functions effectively.
You will learn some of the most important characteristics, attributes, lifestyle, skills and
traits of a successful entrepreneur.

Below are characteristics/traits/attributes of a good entrepreneur:

 Hardworking:  This means habitually working diligently for a long period of

time. Hardworking people keep on improving their performance to produce
good products and/or provide good services.

 Self-confidence: Entrepreneurs have confidence in one’s ability and own

judgment. They exhibit self-confidence in order to cope with all the risks of
operating their own business.

 Discipline: Successful entrepreneurs always stick on the plan and fight the

temptation to do what is unimportant.

 Committed: A good entrepreneur accepts full responsibility of everything in

his/her business. He/she gives full commitment and solid dedication to make
the business successful.

 Ability to accept change: Nothing is permanent but change. Change

occurs frequently. When you own a business, you should cope-up and thrive
on changes. Capitalize on positive changes to make your business grow.
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  Creative: An entrepreneur should be creative and innovative to stay in the
business and in order to have an edge over the other competitors.

 Has the Initiative: An entrepreneur takes the initiative. You must put
yourself in a position where you are responsible for the failure or success of
your business.
 Profit-Oriented: An entrepreneur enters into the world of business to
generate profit or additional income. This shall become the bread and butter
for you and for your family as well. Therefore, you must see to it that the
business can generate income.

Listed below are the important skills of a successful entrepreneur:

 Planner: Planning is strategic thinking and setting of goals to achieve
objectives by carefully maximizing all the available resources. A good
entrepreneur develops and applies step-by-step plans to realize goals. A
good entrepreneur knows that planning is an effective skill only when
combined with action.

 People Skills: It’s a very important skill in order to be successful in any kind
of business. People skills refer to effective and efficient communication and
relation to people working in and out of your business. In day-to-day
business transactions, you need to deal with people. A well-developed
people skill can spell out the difference between success and failure of the
business.

 Decision Making: Successful entrepreneurs have the ability to think quickly

and to make a wise decision towards pre-determined set objectives. No one
can deny that the ability to make wise decisions is an important skill that an
entrepreneur should possess. Sound decision should spring out from given
facts and information and should be towards the pre-determined objectives.

Process

In order to firm up what you have learned and to have a better appreciation of the
different entrepreneurial competencies, read the PECs checklist presented below, then
answer the same.

Task 4: PECs Checklist

Directions: Using the PECs checklist, assess yourself by indicating a check ( /) marking
either strengths or development areas column. Interpret the results by counting the total
number of check marks in each of the columns. After accomplishing the checklist, form
a group and share your insights and experiences why you come up with that personal
assessment.

Table 1: PECs Checklist

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 Personal Assessment in terms of:

Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies of an

Entrepreneur Strengths Development
Areas

Hardworking
- Working diligently
Self-confidence
- Confidence in one’s ability
Discipline
- Always stick to the plan
Committed
- Solid dedication
Ability to accept changes
- Adoptable to change
Creative
- Innovative to have edge over other
competitors
Profit-oriented
- Always looking for income

Planner
- Strategic thinking and setting of goals

People Skill
- effective and efficient communication and
relation to people

Decision Making
- make a wise decision towards the set
objectives

TOTAL

Interpretation or Insights:

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________.

Reflect and Understand

How was your experience in discovering your strengths and the areas to be
developed? Did you gain valuable experience in exchanging insights with your

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classmates? To learn more and deepen your understanding of PECs, do the Task 5
below.

Task 5: Interview

Interview successful dressmaker entrepreneurs in your province whose type of

business is related with Dressmaking. Focus your interview on PECs and other
business-related attributes that helped them become successful. Analyze the result of
the interview and reflect on the similarities and/or differences. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper. (Interview may conduct via video call).

Sample Interview Guide

Name of Proprietor/Practitioner: ____________________________________

Age: _______________Number of Years in Business: __________________
Business Name: ________________________________________________
Business Address:______________________________________________

Questions for the interviewee:

1. What are your preparations before you engaged in this type of business or job?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________

2. What are your special skills and characteristics that are related with your
business or job?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________

3. How did you solve business-related problems during the early years of your
business operation?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________

4. Did you follow the tips from a successful businessman or practitioner before you
engage in your business?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________

5. What are your best business practices that you can share with aspiring students?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________

6. What are the salient characteristics, attributes, lifestyle, skills and traits that made
you successful in your business or job?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________

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 Note: Cull the needed information from the interview to supply answer/s to Row
1 in the table below. Meanwhile, fill out the second row with your PECs. Be
honest in answering.

Personal ROW
Entrepreneurial Characteristics Attributes Lifestyles Skills Traits
Competencies
1
Successful
Entrepreneur in
the province

2
My PECs

Using the information on the table above, analyze and reflect on the similarities
and differences in your answers. Put your reflection on the table below. Write
your conclusion on the space provided.

Personal
Entrepreneurial
Competencies Similarities Differences

Characteristics

Attributes

Lifestyles

Skills

Traits

Conclusion:

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______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________.

Transfer

After performing the activities on the importance of PECs, let’s determine how
much you have learned. Perform Task 6 to determine how well you have understood
the lesson.

Task 6: Preparation of a Plan of Action

Directions: Using the table below and the information generated from Task 5
(Interview), prepare an action plan that indicates how you would align
your PECs to the PECs of a successful entrepreneur dressmaker in
your province.

Time Expected
Objective Area Activities Strategie
Frame Outcome
s

To align my Characteris
PECs with the tics
PECs of a
successful
entrepreneur in
Skills
Dressmaking.

Attribute

Traits

Task 7: Essential Questions

Directions: Read and study the following questions below. Write your answer on the
space provided.

1. Why is there a need to compare and align one’s PECs with the PECs of a
successful entrepreneur?

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 ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________.

2. How does your action plan help sustain your strong PECs and/or address your
development areas?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________.

3. What plan of action would you do to address your development areas?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________.

ENVIRONMENT AND MARKET (EM)

Content Standards Performance Standards

The learner demonstrates understanding The learner independently creates a

of environment and market in business vicinity map reflective of
Dressmaking in one’s Province. potential market in Dressmaking in a
province.

Quarter I Time Allotment: 4 hours

Environment and Market

Introduction

People who aspire to start a business need to explore the economic, cultural and
social conditions prevailing in an area. Needs and wants of the people in a certain area
that are not met may be considered as business opportunities. Identifying the needs of
the community, its resources, available raw materials, skills, and appropriate technology
can help a new entrepreneur in seizing a business opportunity.

To be successful in any kind of business venture, potential entrepreneurs should

always look closely at the environment and market. They should always be watchful on
the existing opportunities and constraints. The opportunities in the business
environment are those factors that provide possibilities for a business to expand and
12
make more profits. Constraints, on the other hand, are those factors that limit the
business to grow, hence reduces the chance of generating profit. One of the best ways
to evaluate the opportunities and constraints is to conduct SWOT (Strengths,
Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) Analysis.

SWOT Analysis is a managerial tool to assess the environment. This gathers

important information which in turn is used in strategic planning. Strengths and
weaknesses are internal in an organization. Basically, they relate to resources owned
by organization, things that you have control over and as well as to the extent of its
marketing.

Opportunities and threats exist in the external environment. Opportunities relate

to the market, to the development of new technologies, and external factors such as
government policies, climate, and trends. Threats relate to what the competition is doing
as well as legal and other constraints.

Now that you have read some important considerations to look into to be
successful in any business, you are now ready to explore more about the environment
and market.

To begin with, let’s find out the competencies that you will master as you finish
this module.

OBJECTIVES

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

 identify what is of “value” to the customer;

 identify the customer to sell to;
 explain what makes a product unique and competitive;
 apply creativity and innovative techniques to develop marketable product;
and
 Employ a unique selling proposition (USP) to the product and/or service.

Now that you have an idea about the things you will learn, take the first challenge
in this module – the pre-assessment.

PRE-ASSESSMENT

Task 1: Multiple-Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. This is generated by examining the goods and services sold in the community.
A. business creation C. business concept
B. business pricing D. business idea
2. A process of making a new product to be sold to the customers.
A. product analysis C. product
development

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 B. product conceptualization D. product
implementation
3. These are luxuries, advantages and desires that every individual considers
beyond necessary.
A. wants C. requirements
B. desires D. needs
4. This is the factor or consideration presented by a seller as the reason that one
product or service is different from and better than that of the competition.
A. unique selling plan C. unique pricing
policy
B. unique selling proposition D. finding value-added
5. In this stage, the needs of the target market are identified, reviewed and
evaluated.
A. concept development C. project development
B. economic analysis D. refine specification
6. This is the introduction of new ideas to make the product and services more
attractive and saleable to the target customers.
A. new idea C. product
development
B. creativity D. innovation
7. A managerial tool used to assess the environment and to gather important
information that can be used for strategic planning.
A. environmental scanning C. WOTS Analysis
B. SWOT Analysis D. survey analysis
8. A marketing practice of creating name, symbol or designs that identifies and
differentiate a product from the other products.
A. product naming C. branding
B. unique selling proposition D. tagline

9. This is a meaningful and unforgettable statement that captures the essence of

the brand.
A. product naming C. branding
B. unique selling proposition D. tagline
10. These are the things that people cannot live without.
A. wants C. requirements
B. desires D. needs

Task 2: Guide Questions:

Directions: Read and study the guide questions below. Use a separate
sheet of paper to write your answer.

1. How does one determine the product or services to be produced andor to be

offered or delivered to the target customers?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
______________________________________

2. How does one select an entrepreneurial activity?

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 ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________

3. When can one say that a certain product has a “value”?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________

4. Is innovation and creativity to your product or services important? Why?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
______________________________________

5. How can one effectively respond to the needs of the target customer?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
______________________________________

6. Express from the viewpoint of business owner the importance of scanning the
environment and market in generating business ideas.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________

7. Using self-assessment, explain your level of confidence in formulating a business

idea.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________

After all the guide questions have been answered and skills have been mastered,
share those with your classmates. Discuss your insights, personal knowledge of, and
relevant experiences on the topic to make it more exciting and engaging.

LEARNING GOALS AND TARGET

After reading and understanding the objectives of this module and having gone
through the pre-assessment and guide questions, you will be asked to set your own
personal goals. These goals will trigger you to further achieve the ultimate objective of
this module. In the end, these goals will motivate you to learn more about Environment
and Market.

Goals and Learning

Ultimate Goal
Targets Activities

Figure 2: Strategic process to reach the objectives of this module

READING RESOURCES AND INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES

15
 After setting your own personal goals and targets in achieving the objectives of
this module, you will have the opportunity to read and learn more about environment
and market. You will also be given a chance to do practical exercises and activities to
deepen your understanding of the topic.

Know

Product Development
When we talk of product development, we are referring to a process of making a
new product to be sold by a business or enterprise to its customers. The product
development may involve modification of an existing product or its presentation, or
formulation of an entirely new product that satisfies a newly defined customer’s needs,
wants and/or a market place.

The term development in this module refers collectively to the entire process of
identifying a market opportunity, creating a product to appeal to the identified market,
and finally, testing, modifying and refining the product until it becomes ready for
production.

There are basic, yet vital questions that you can ask yourself about product
development. When you find acceptable answers to these, you may now say that you
are ready to develop a product and/or render services:

1. For whom are the product services aimed at?

2. What benefit will the customers expect from it?
3. How will the product differ from the existing brand? From its competitor?

Likewise, needs and wants of the people within an area should also be taken into
big consideration. Everyone has his/her own needs and wants. However, everyone has
different concepts of needs and wants. Needs in business are important things that
every individual cannot live without in a society. These include:

1. basic commodities for consumption;

2. clothing and other personal belongings;
3. shelter, sanitation and health; and
4. education.

Basic needs are essential to an individual to live with dignity and pride in a
community. These needs can obviously help you generate business ideas and
subsequently to product development.

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 Wants are desires, luxury and extravagance that signify wealth and expensive
way of living. Wants or desires are considered above all the basic necessities of life.
Some examples of wants or desires: fashion accessories, expensive shoes and clothes,
travelling around the world, eating in an expensive restaurant; watching movies,
concerts, having luxurious cars, wearing expensive jewelries, perfume, living in
impressive homes, among others.
Needs and wants of people are the basic indicators of the kind of business that
you may engage into because it can serve as the measure of your success. Some
other good points that might be considered in business undertakings are the kind of
people, their needs, wants, lifestyle, culture and tradition, and social orientation that
they belong to.
To summarize, product development entirely depends on the needs and wants of
the customers. Another important issue to deal with is the key concepts of developing a
product. The succeeding topic shall enlighten you about the procedure in coming up
with a product.

Concepts of Developing a Product

Concept development is a critical phase in the development of a product. In this

stage, the needs of the target market are identified and competitive products are
reviewed before the product specifications are defined. The product concept is selected
along with an economic analysis to come up with an outline of how a product is being
developed. Below is a figure that shows the stages of concept development of a
product.

Identify Establish Generate Select a

Refine
Customer Target Product Product Specifications
Needs Specifications Concepts Concept

Perform
Analyze
Economic Plan
Competitive
Analysis Remaining
Products
Developme
nt Project

Concept
Development

Figure 3: Concept Development

The process of product development follows the following steps:

17
A. Identify Customer Needs: Using survey forms, interviews, researches, focus group
discussions, and observations, an entrepreneur can easily identify customers’
needs and wants .In this stage, the information that can be possibly gathered here
are product specifications (performance, taste, size, color, shape, life span of the
product, etc.). This stage is very important because this would determine the
product to be produced or provided.

B. Establish Target Specifications: Based on customers' needs and reviews of

competitive products, you may now establish target specifications of the
prospective new product and/or services. Target specifications are essentially a
wish-list.

C. Analyze Competitive Products: It is imperative to analyze existing competitive

products to provide important information in establishing product or services
specifications. Other products may exhibit successful design attributes that should
be emulated or improved upon in the new product or services.

D. Generate Product Concepts: After having gone through with the previous
processes, you may now develop a number of product concepts to illustrate what
types of product or services are both technically feasible and would best meet the
requirements of the target specifications.

E. Select a Product Concept: Through the process of evaluation between attributes, a

final concept is selected. After the final selection, additional market research can be
applied to obtain feedback from certain key customers.

F. Refine Product Specifications: In this stage, product or services specifications are

refined on the basis of input from the foregoing activities. Final specifications are
the result of extensive study, expected service life, projected selling price and
among others are being considered in this stage.

G. Perform Economic Analysis: Throughout the process of product development, it is

very important to always review and estimate the economic implications regarding
development expenses, manufacturing costs, and selling price of the product or
services to be offered or provided.

H. Plan the Remaining Development Project: In this final stage of concept

development, you may prepare a detailed development plan which includes list of
activities, the necessary resources and expenses, and development schedule with
milestones for tracking progress.

Finding Value

People buy for a reason. There should be something in your product or service
that would give consumers a good reason to go back and buy for more. There must be
something that has to make you the best option for your target customers; otherwise
they have no reason to buy what you’re selling. This implies further, that you offer
something to your customers that they will make them value or treasure your product or
service.

The value that you incorporate to your product is called value proposition. Value
proposition is “a believable collection of the most persuasive reasons people should
notice you and take the action you’re asking for.”Value is created by fulfilling deep
desires and solving deep problems. This is what gets people moving, what gets people
spending for your product or service.

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Innovation
Innovation is the introduction of something new in your product or service. This
may be a new idea, a new method or a device. If you want to increase your sales and
profit, you must innovate. Some of the possible innovations in your products are change
of packaging, improve taste, color, size, shape and perhaps price. Some of the possible
innovations in providing services are application of new improved methods, additional
featured services and possibly freebees.

Unique Selling Proposition (USP)

Unique Selling Proposition is the factor or consideration presented by a seller as

the reason that one product or service is different from and better than that of the
competition. Before you can begin to sell your product or service to your target
customers, you have to sell yourself on it. This is especially important when your
product or service is similar to those around you.
USP would require careful analysis of other businesses' ads and marketing
messages. If you analyze what they say or what they sell, not just their product or
service characteristics, you can learn a great deal about how companies distinguish
themselves from competitors.

Here's how to discover your USP and use it to increase your sales and profit:

 Use empathy: Put yourself in the shoes of your customers.  Always focus on the
needs of the target customers and forget falling in love with your own product or
service. Always remember, you are making this product or providing for the
target customers to eventually increase sales and earn profit and not making this
product or service for you. Essential question such as what could make them
come back again and ignore competition, should be asked to oneself. Most
possible answers may be focused on quality, availability, convenience,
cleanliness, and reliability of the product or service.

 Identify what motivates your customers . It is very important for you to understand
and find out what drives and motivates your customers to buy your product or
service. Make some efforts to find out, analyze and utilize the information what
motivates the customers in their decisions to purchase the product or service.

 Discover the actual and genuine reasons why customers buy your product
instead of a competitor's. Information is very important in decision making. A
competitive entrepreneur always improve their products or services to provide
satisfaction and of course retention of customers. As your business grows, you
should always consider the process of asking your customers important
information and questions that you can use to improve your product or service.

Process

19
 In order to firm up your understanding of the topic previously presented, you will
be tasked to form a group and conduct an interview with a successful entrepreneur or
practitioner. You have to document this interview and present this to the whole class for
reflection and appreciation.

Task 3: Interview
Directions: Select a successful entrepreneur or practitioner. Conduct an interview
using the set of questions below. Document the interview and present this
to the class.

1. How did you identify your customers?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________

2. What were your considerations in selecting your customers?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________

3. Explain how your product or service become unique to other products.

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________

4. Did you consult somebody before you engage in this business? Cite sample
insights that you gained from the consultation.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________

5. What were your preparations before you started the actual business?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________

6. What creative and innovative techniques you adopted to your product or service?
What was the effect of the innovative techniques to the sales and profits of your
business?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
______________________________________

7. What strategy did you consider to have a unique selling proposition to your
product or service?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________

Reflect and Understand

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Task 4: Video Viewing

In order to deepen your understanding of the lesson, perform the following tasks:

1. Browse the internet and view the topics related to:

a. customers’ needs and wants
b. techniques in identifying customers’ needs and wants
c. creativity or innovations in products and services
d. unique selling proposition
e. product development
2. Prepare a short narrative report about the aforementioned topics. You may
highlight the “aspect” that intensifies your knowledge of product development.

Transfer

Task 5: Product Conceptualization

Direction: Using the space and figures below, develop your own concept for your
product or service. Utilize bullets in every stage of product conceptualization in listing
important key ideas.

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________

1. Identify
Customers Need
7. Prepare a 2. Target
-
Development Plan Specifications
-
- -

- -

- -

6. Refine Product 3. Analyze a

Specification Competitive
Product
-
-
-
-

21
 5. Select A product 4. Generate Product
Concept Concept

- -

- -

Know

Generating Ideas for Business

The process of developing and generating business idea is not a simple process.
Some people just come up to a bunch of business ideas but are not really feasible.
There are two problems that arise; first is the excessive generation of ideas that can
forever remain dreaming stage and the second is when they don’t have ideas and don’t
want to become entrepreneurs.

The most optimal way is to have a systematic approach in generating and

selecting business idea that will be transferred in real business. Here are some basic
yet very important considerations that may be used to generate possible ideas for
business:

1. Examine existing goods and services. Are you satisfied with the product? What do
other people who use the product say about it? How can it be improved? There are
many ways of improving a product from the way it is made to the way it is packed
and sold. You can also improve the materials used in crafting the product. In
addition, you can introduce new ways of using the product, making it more useful
and adaptable to the customers’ many needs. When you are improving the product
or enhancing it, you are doing an innovation. You can also do an invention by
introducing an entirely new product to replace the old one.

Business ideas may also be generated by examining what goods and services are
sold outside by the community. Very often, these products are sold in a form that
can still be enhanced or improved.

2. Examine the present and future needs. Look and listen to what the customers,
institutions, and communities are missing in terms of goods and services.
Sometimes, these needs are already obvious and felt at the moment. Other needs
are not that obvious because they can only be felt in the future, in the event of
certain developments in the community. For example, a province will have its
electrification facility in the next six months. Only by that time will the entrepreneur
could think of electrically-powered or generated business such as photo copier,
computer service, digital printing, etc.

3. Examine how the needs are being satisfied. Needs for the products and services
are referred to as market demand. To satisfy these needs is to supply the products

22
 and services that meet the demands of the market. The term market refers to
whoever will use or buy the products or services, and these may be people or
institutions such as other businesses, establishments, organizations, or government
agencies.

There is a very good business opportunity when there is absolutely no supply to a

pressing market demand.

Businesses or industries in the locality also have needs for goods and services.
Their needs for raw materials, maintenance, and other services such as selling and
distribution are good sources of ideas for business.

4. Examine the available resources around you. Observe what materials or skills are
available in abundance in your area. A business can be started out of available raw
materials by selling them in raw form and by processing and manufacturing them
into finished products. For example, in a copra-producing town, there will be many
coconut husks and shells available as “waste” products. These can be collected and
made into coco rags or doormat and charcoal bricks and sold profitably outside the
community.

A group of people in your neighborhood may have some special skills that can be
harnessed for business. For example, women in the Mountain Province possess
loom weaving skills that have been passed on from one generation to another.
Some communities there set up weaving businesses to produce blankets, decorative
and various souvenir items for sale to tourists and lowland communities.

Business ideas can come from your own skills. The work and experience you may
have in agricultural arts, industrial arts, home economics, and ICT classes will
provide you with business opportunities to acquire the needed skills which will earn
you extra income, and should you decide to engage in income-generating activities.
With your skills, you may also tinker with various things in your spare time. Many
products were invented this way.

5. Read magazines, news articles, and other publications on new products and
techniques or advances in technology. You can pick up new business ideas from
Newsweek, Reader’s Digest, Business Magazines, “Go Negosyo”, KAB materials,
and Small-Industry Journal. The Internet also serves as a library where you may
browse and surf on possible businesses. It will also guide you on how to put the
right product in the right place, at the right price, at the right time.

Key Concepts of Selecting a Business Idea

Once you have embarked on identifying business opportunities, you will

eventually see that there are many possibilities that are available for you. It is very
improbable that you will have enough resources to pursue all of them at once.

You have to select the most promising one among hundreds of ideas. It will be
good to do this in stages. In the first stage, you screen your ideas to narrow them down
to about few choices. In the next stage, trim down the choices to two options. In the
final stage, choose between the two and decide which business idea is worth pursuing.

23
 In screening your ideas, examine each one in terms of the following factors:

1. How much capital is needed to put up the business?

2. How big is the demand for the product? Do many people need this product
and will continue to need it for a long time?
3. How is the demand met? Who are processing the products to meet the
needs (competition or demand)? How much of the need is now being met
(supply)?
4. Do you have the background and experiences needed to run this particular
business?
5. Will the business be legal, not going against any existing or foreseeable
government regulation?
6. Is the business in line with your interest and expertise?

Your answers to these questions will be helpful in screening which ones among
your many ideas are worth examining further and worth pursuing.

Branding

Branding is a marketing practice of creating name, symbol or designs that

identifies and differentiates product or services from the rest. It is also a promise to your
customers. It tells them what they can expect from your product or service and it
differentiates your offerings from other competitors. Your brand is derived from who you
are, who you want to be and what people perceive you to be.

Branding is one of the most important aspects of any business. An effective

brand strategy gives you a major edge in increasingly competitive markets.

The features of a good product brand are as follows:

- Delivers the message clearly
- Confirms your credibility
- Connects your target prospects emotionally
- Motivates the buyer
- Concretizes user loyalty

Here are some simple tips to publicize your brand:

.
 Develop a tagline. Write a meaningful, unforgettable, and easy to remember
statement that captures the essence of your brand.

 Get a great logo. Create a logo suitable to your business and consistent

with your tagline and place it everywhere.

 Write down your brand messaging. Select key messages you want to

communicate about your brand.

 Be true to your brand. Deliver your brand promise.

 Be consistent. Be reliable and consistent every time.

Process

24
 In generating business idea, you should first identify what type of business is
suited to your business idea. You should analyze and scan the potential environment,
study the marketing practices and strategies of your competitors, analyze the strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities, and the threats in your environment to ensure that the
products or services you are planning to offer will be patronized within the easy reach
by your target consumers.

Bear in mind these simple rules for successful SWOT Analysis:

 Be realistic about the strengths and weaknesses of your business when
conducting SWOT Analysis.

 SWOT Analysis should distinguish between where your business is today, and
where it could be in the future.

 SWOT Analysis should always be specific. Avoid any grey areas.

 Always apply SWOT Analysis in relation to your competition’ i.e. better than or
worse than your competition’.

 Keep your SWOT Analysis short and simple. Avoid complexity and over analysis.
 SWOT Analysis is subjective.
Task 6: SWOT Analysis

Directions: Utilize the SWOT Analysis table below to list up all your observations. Be
guided by the strategies in analyzing and formulating realistic and attainable activities.
Write down the activities on the available spaces provided to create the best business
idea.

Strength (S) Weaknesses (W)

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
- -

Opportunities (O) Threats (T)

- -
- -
- -
- -
- -
25
- -
Strategies:

 SW-Maximize on the strengths to overcome the internal weakness.

 OW- Capitalize on the opportunities to eliminate the internal
weakness.
 ST - Maximize on your strengths to eliminate the external threats.
 OT - Take advantage of the available opportunities to eliminate the
external threats.

Analysis:

_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

Activities:

_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

My Best Business Idea:

_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________

Reflect and Understand

In order to deepen your understanding of the topics previously discussed, you

will be asked to perform the following activities:

Task 7: Extra Readings and Video Viewing

Reading books and watching videos have been considered as one of the most
effective educational activities that can help learners deepen their understanding on a
certain topic. In this particular task, you will be asked to conduct extra readings and
video viewings in the Internet on the following topics:

A. Steps in selecting business idea

B. Criteria of a viable business idea
C. Benefits of a good brand
D. Ways on developing a brand
After successfully performing the assigned task, make a narrative report about it
and share it to the class.

26
 Transfer

Task 9: Making My Own Logo

Directions: Generate a clear and appealing product brand with a logo and a tagline.

Logo

Logo

________________________

Tagline

REFERENCES

Website:

Books:

Bernardo, Josephine C., et.al, Technology and Livelihood Education The New Grade 10, Published and Distributed by THE PHOENIX
PUBLISHING HOUSE, INC., Phoenix building, 927 Quezon Avenue, Quezon City.

DEPED SHS CURRICULUM GUIDE/MELC-K to 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL TECHNICAL
LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION AND SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL-LIVELIHOOD TRACK HOME ECONOMICS
– DRESSMAKING (NC II) (320 hours)

27
Institutional Values Integration:

1. How will you integrate the Vision and Mission of Fatima College of Camiguin, Inc.
on the learning you have all throughout this Module 1? Justify your answer.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________.

2. Choose at least two (2) Fatimanian Core Values which were reflected from the
lessons in this module? How can you use this values from your day to day living?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_.

Part III. Closing Prayer. Create your personal prayer to thank the Lord.

Statement of Compliance/ Completion

__________________________________ ________________________________
Signature of Student over printed name Signature of Parent over printed name

In God’s Mercy, We serve with Joy!

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 Prepared by :

MRS. JHESCEL PACULANAN-ACEBES, LPT

MS. RHAIANALI LUZA MATA, LPT
Subject Teacher

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