City of Thunder Bay Relatorio

WASTEWATER
TREATMENT
Annual Report 2017
Wastewater Treatment | ANNUAL REPORT 2017 A

Table of Contents
Staff Organization..............................................................................................3
Environment Division.....................................................................................3
Water Pollution Control Plant.......................................................................3
Introduction........................................................................................................5
Water Pollution Control Plant Process Description..........................................6
Wastewater Treatment Process Summary........................................................9
Biosolids – Digester and Dewatering Summary.............................................11
Infrastructure Maintenance / Construction Projects......................................12
Wastewater Collection Projects......................................................................14
Stormwater Management................................................................................15
Low Impact Development Update...................................................................15
Laboratory........................................................................................................16
Wastewater Systems Effluent Regulation (WSER)..........................................16
Calibration & Maintenance of Monitoring Equipment....................................17
Sewer Use Control Program............................................................................17
Complaints.......................................................................................................18
By-pass Events................................................................................................18
Operating Expenditures...................................................................................19
Sanitary Sewer Mains......................................................................................20
Plant Process Schematic.................................................................................21
Sludge Process Schematic..............................................................................22
Water Pollution Control Plant Site Plan..........................................................23
Data Tables......................................................................................................24
Wastewater Treatment | ANNUAL REPORT 2017 1

List of Figures
Figure 1: ECA Monthly Effluent Results – Total Suspended Solids & CBOD5. .9
Figure 2: ECA Total Phosphorus Monthly Effluent Results............................10
Figure 3: ECA pH Monthly Effluent Results....................................................10
Figure 4: ECA Ammonia Monthly Effluent Results Objectives........................11
Figure 5: Sludge Volumes and Digester Gas Production................................11
Figure 6: Biosolids shipped to Solid Waste & Recycling Facility....................12
List of Tables
Table I: Direct Operating Expenditures...........................................................19
Table II: Historical Operating Cost...................................................................19
List of Data Tables
Table 1: Flows Recieved...................................................................................24
Table 2: Plant Effluent Quality – Monthly Average Concentration..................24
Table 3: Plant Effluent Quality – Monthly Average Loading............................25
Table 4: Sludge Dewatering Results...............................................................25
Table 5: Waste Haul Process Water Summary................................................26
Table 6: Heavy Metals Effluent Data................................................................27
Table 7: Heavy Metals Raw Sludge Data.........................................................27
Table 8: Heavy Metals Cake Data.....................................................................27
Table 9: Heavy Metals Digested Sludge Data..................................................27
2 Wastewater Treatment | ANNUAL REPORT 2017

Staff Organization
Environment Division
Director – Planning & Research Project Manager –

Michelle Warywoda, P. Eng. Analyst – Dan Currie, C.E.T. Ted Blatchford, Dave Dutchak
Administrative Assistant – Process Engineers - Training & Quality Assurance

Lynae Grace Carl Goodwin, M.Sc. P.Eng., Coordinators – Terry Restoule,
PMP, Lindsay Menard, P.Eng., Shelby Jaspers
Chief Chemist – PMP, Walter Turek, P. Eng.
Jim Vukmanich, M.Sc., Water and Wastewater
C.Chem. Engineer –
Tom McConnell, P.Eng.
Sustainability Coordinator
–Brad Doff, Rena Viehbeck
(Acting)
Supervisor – Municipal
Drinking Water Licensing
Program – Tony Santos
Water Pollution Control Plant
Plant Superintendent – Chief Operator, Millwrights – Gord Belanger,

Bob Bates, P. Eng. Operations – Rod Cooper Thane Gagnon, John Hrycyk,
Mike Noga, Warren Perry
Supervisor, Maintenance – Environmental Inspector –
Mike Brown Adam Tempelman Operators – Keenan Colosimo,
Jeff Coull, Rick Sutton,
Supervisor, Operations – Janitor/Handyworker – Susan Tomlinson, Chris Unick,
Mark Wilson Darrin White Phillip Kennedy
Accounting & Administration Laboratory Technicians – Plant Electricians –

Clerk – Kristie Fisher Patrick McGuire, Julie Carlin Brian Dobson, Ron La Froye,
Andreas Makrides
Chief Operator, Millwright Apprentice –
Electrical – Dan Fulton Patty Wilson Relief Operators –
Patrick Melanson,
Chief Operator, Karen Shalley
Maintenance –Sal Piccolo

Introduction
The City of Thunder Bay (City) owns and operates the
Water Pollution Control Plant (WPCP) located at 901
Atlantic Avenue. This plant provides primary and secondary
treatment, phosphorus and ammonia removal and
anaerobic sludge digestion for the entire serviced area
of Thunder Bay. Disinfection of the effluent occurs on a
seasonal basis, from April 15 to October 15. The WPCP has
a rated capacity of 84.5 million litres per day.
This report is prepared on an annual basis to satisfy the

requirements of the Ontario Ministry of the Environment
and Climate Change’s (MOECC) Amended Environmental
Compliance Approval (ECA) #6927-9QDM2P for the design
and operation of the Atlantic Avenue Water Pollution Control
Plant (WPCP). It also serves to explain the operation of a vital
part of the City of Thunder Bay’s infrastructure.

WATER POLLUTION CONTROL PLANT PROCESS DESCRIPTION
Raw sewage from across the City is collected in large trunk

sewers and flows, mainly by gravity, to the main Influent
Pump Station (IPS) at the WPCP. There are four sewage lift
stations located in the wastewater collection system, which
collect sewage from lower elevations and pump it into the
sanitary sewer. See page 20 for a schematic of the trunk
sewers and lift station locations in the City.
At the Influent Pump Station, the

raw sewage is pumped to a Parshall
flume, where the flow is measured.
The sewage then passes through
four mechanical bar screens. The bar
screens remove large objects such as
rags, paper, and wood debris, which is
collected and hauled to the City’s Solid
Waste and Recycling Facility (SWRF)
for disposal.
From the bar screens, the sewage

enters two aerated grit tanks, where
aluminum sulphate is added as the
primary coagulant for phosphorus
treatment. Heavier materials such
as sand, gravel, and grain settle out
in the tanks and are removed as grit.
The grit is dewatered and sent to the
SWRF for final disposal. At the end of
the grit tanks, polymer is added, as a
flocculating agent to assist in further
phosphorus and solids removal.

From the grit tanks, sewage flows through
an aerated distribution channel to four
primary clarifiers. The clarifiers are large
open tanks where the primary sludge
solids are allowed to settle to the bottom.
Settled organic solids, which include
phosphorus, are continuously scraped
from the bottom of the tanks and pumped
to the sludge blend tank and then to the
anaerobic digesters. Scum, mainly grease,
collected at the end of the clarifiers, is
separated by a rotary screen filter. The
liquid scum is separated and thickened
in the Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF)
plant before being fed to the digesters.
The scum screenings are conveyed to a
compactor, where they are bagged and
collected in a container then transferred
to the City’s SWRF for final disposal.
The liquid portion leaving the primary

clarifiers is called the primary effluent.
This effluent goes to the Biofor®
Biological Aerated Filter plant (BAF)
to receive secondary treatment. The
BAF plant provides the removal of
carbonaceous biochemical oxygen
demand (CBOD), total suspended solids,
phosphorus and ammonia. There are
eight carbonaceous filters to remove the
majority of the particulate and CBOD
from the wastewater, and six nitrification
filters to remove ammonia.
The solid waste generated in the

filters, also known as waste secondary
sludge, is removed by a backwash
and thickened by the DAF plant. Both
aluminum sulphate and polymer are
added to the waste secondary sludge
to aid in phosphorus removal and the
thickening process. Both the thickened
waste secondary sludge and the primary
sludge from the clarifiers are mixed
in a sludge blend tank prior to being
stabilized in four anaerobic digesters.

The anaerobic digesters retain the primary and
thickened waste secondary sludge for approximately
28 days. The content of the digesters is mixed and
heated to a temperature of approximately 35°C
to support the breakdown of the sludge by the
anaerobic bacteria. Digester gas, which contains
methane, is produced during the anaerobic digestion
process and is partially re-circulated in the digesters
to provide mixing.
The excess digester gas is piped to a 600kW

cogeneration engine to produce electricity and
heat for the plant. If the engine is not utilizing
the digester gas, the gas can be burned in any
of the four dual-fuel plant boilers, supplying
heat for the digestion process and plant
buildings. If the boilers do not require the fuel,
a thermal oxidation flare burns the surplus
digester gas. If digester gas is not available,
the boilers will fire on natural gas.
The digested sludge is transferred to

the Sludge Dewatering Building where it
is coagulated by polymer addition, then
mechanically dewatered using high speed
centrifuges. The dewatered sludge “cake”
(biosolids) is hauled to the City’s SWRF for
final disposal. The centrate (liquid separated
from the dewatering process) is recycled to the
plant’s Influent Pump Station for re-treatment.
The final plant effluent is discharged to the

Kaministiquia River. During the period of April
15 to October 15 of each year, the final effluent
is disinfected using ultraviolet light technology
before being discharged. For plant treatment
process schematics, see pages 21 and 22.
8 Wastewater
Water Pollution
Treatment
Control |Plant
ANNUAL
| ANNUAL
REPORT
REPORT
2017 2017
WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROCESS SUMMARY
The WPCP must operate within the effluent limits outlined in the Ontario
Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change’s Environmental
Compliance Approval. The ECA lists effluent limits for the following
parameters: Total Suspended Solids (TSS), CBOD5, Total Phosphorus
(TP), pH and E.Coli. In addition to the effluent limits, there are effluent
objectives which are lower concentrations than the limits. The WPCP
strives to produce effluent quality to meet these objectives. Total
Ammonia Nitrogen (TAN) is currently listed only as an effluent objective.
There are two different objectives for ammonia, one for the freezing
period (November 1 – March 31) and one for the non-freezing period
(April 1 to October 31). E. Coli has a seasonal limit and objective from
April 15 to October 15. The following summarizes the performance and
success of the plant relative to these limits and objectives.
The TSS effluent concentrations remained below the MOECC objective for the entire year. The CBOD5
effluent concentration remained below the MOECC objective for the majority of the year, with an
exception in March and April. A planned secondary treatment plant maintenance outage occurred
during these two months, which resulted in higher than normal CBOD5 effluent concentrations.See
Figure 1 below for the monthly TSS and CBOD5 results.
Discharge Effluent Quality

TSS & CBOD5
30
Concentration (mg/L)
25
20
15
10
5
0
y
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De ber
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Oc r
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Effluent TSS Effluent CBOD ECA Limit ECA Objective
Figure 1: ECA Monthly Effluent Results – Total Suspended Solids & CBOD5

The effluent Total Phosphorus monthly concentrations in 2017 were below the MOECC limit for the
entire year and below the MOECC objective for the majority of the year. The effluent Total Phosphorous
was above the MOECC objective during March due to the planned secondary treatment maintenance
outage. Refer to Figure 2 for the monthly effluent Total Phosphorus concentrations for 2017.

Total Phosphorus
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
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De ber
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Oc r
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N
Effluent Phosphorus ECA Limit ECA Objective
Figure 2: ECA Total Phosphorus Monthly Effluent Results
The effluent pH for the WPCP remained within the objective outlined in the ECA for the majority of
the year. There was one exception during the month of December. This excursion is likely due to
the impact of a decrease in the influent pH and temperature, which led to a decrease in the rate of
nitrification, which in turn affected the effluent pH. Refer to Figure 3.

pH
11
10
9
pH (SU)
8
7
6
5
y
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De ber
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Oc r
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Effluent pH ECA Limit ECA Objective
Figure 3: ECA pH Monthly Effluent Results

In Figure 4, the monthly effluent results for Total Ammonia Nitrogen remained below the ECA
objectives for the majority of the year. The effluent Ammonia levels increased slightly above the
objective during the months when the planned secondary treatment maintenance outage occurred,
which is expected.

Total Ammonia Nitrogen
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
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De ber
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N
Effluent Freezing Objective Non Freezing Objective
Figure 4: ECA Ammonia Monthly Effluent Results Objectives
Biosolids – Digester and Dewatering Summary
The primary and secondary sludge generated and digester gas produced from the process were relatively
constant throughout 2017. See Figure 5 for monthly sludge volumes and gas production results.
Sludge to Digester and Gas Produced
8000
Digester Gas Produced (m3)
220000
7000
Sludge Volume (m3)
6000
170000
5000
4000 120000
3000
2000 70000
1000
0 20000
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Primary Sludge Secondary Sludge Digester Gas
Figure 5: Sludge Volumes and Digester Gas Production

The monthly dewatered sludge amounts for 2017 are presented in Figure 6. In 2017, a total of 9,198
tonnes of biosolids (dewatered sludge) were hauled to the City’s SWRF by a contracted waste hauler.
The biosolids are weighed before being buried with incoming solid non-hazardous waste on a daily
basis. Dewatered sludge disposal in 2018 will continue to be done by direct burial at the City’s SWRF.
If the treated flow rates remain the similar in 2018, the WPCP expects to generate between 9,000 -
9,500 tonnes of biosolids.
Monthly Biosolids Shipped to the City of Thunder Bay’s

Solid Waste & Recycling Facility
900
850
800
Tonnes (T)
750
700
650
600
y
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De ber
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2017 Biosolids Generated
Figure 6: Biosolids shipped to Solid Waste & Recycling Facility
WPCP INFRASTRUCTURE MAINTENANCE / CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS
As part of the Environment Division’s

Asset Management Plan for the WPCP,
many maintenance projects were carried
out during 2017 to protect and improve
the equipment and infrastructure. Flood
remediation activities at the WPCP were
completed by the end of 2017. Refer to the
listing below for the various projects that
were completed in 2017.

Influent Pump Station (IPS):
• Influent pump rebuilds;
• Generator 1, 2 and 3 bulk fuel system
improvements;
• IPS roof replacement;
Preliminary Treatment:
• Grit Tank #2 inspection and repairs;
Primary Treatment:
• Completed improvements to the
scum tippers;
• All four primary clarifiers were taken out
of service, one at a time for planned annual
maintenance;
Sludge System:
• Sludge Blend Tank cleaning and inspection; Electrical:
• New louver screen installed in the Sludge • Extensive arc flash study;
Dewatering Building • Development of breaker inventory and
maintenance program;
Biological Aeration Filtration (BAF):
• BAF Interstage Pump #4 rebuild; Grounds Improvements:
• New float for high level detection installed in • New sidewalk installed by the Dissolved
the BAF; Aeration Filtration Building;
• Improvements were made to the BAF alarm • General concrete remediation around the
system and pump protection by way of property, including the clarifier walkways;
improved logic controls; • General painting of building exteriors;
• Cleaning of the BAF Backwash Waste Tank
Remote Pumping Stations:
and replacement of inlet duckbill valve;
• Communication upgrade to WiMax system;
• Complete shutdown of the BAF plant
over March and April to facilitate general • New collection system float for high level
maintenance, including an inspection of BAF detection installed at the Port Arthur Landing
influent and effluent channels for signs of Station;
concrete deterioration;
Disinfection:
Heating and Ventilation (H&V) Improvements: • Hose station installed at the Ultraviolet
• Old Plant motor floor ventilation system Disinfection Building;
installation. Commissioning is scheduled • Replacement of Ultraviolet lamps as part of
for 2018; the lamp life replacement cycle;
• Welding Shop H&V design package • Cleaning of the Ultraviolet disinfection
completed. Installation planned for 2018; effluent channel.

WASTEWATER COLLECTION PROJECTS
In 2017, the City continued with its Pollution Prevention Control Plan, separating a total of
1.3km of sanitary and storm sewers on Archibald Street, Brodie Street, Isabella Street, Murray
Street, Cuthbertson Place and McGillvary Street. The projects on Archibald Street and Brodie
Street involved sanitary sewer replacement in order to repurpose the existing combined sewer
as a storm sewer. Further stages of these projects are required to completely separate the
area and eliminate Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs).
As well, the City completed 1.1 km of rehabilitation projects on sanitary sewers on sections of
Dease Street, Court Street, Egan Street, Carlton Place and Banning Street.
A total of 209 sanitary sewer services were repaired by excavation and pipe replacement in the
streets of sanitary sewer replacement noted above. The City also replaced 21 sanitary sewer
connections on First Avenue as part of other watermain replacement work.
To protect the sanitary sewer system from backflow from McVicars Creek, Environmental
Compliance Approval #1746-99UN39 was received on February 28, 2014 to install a duckbill
backflow prevention valve on the outlet of the McVicars Creek interceptor located on the south
side of McVicars Creek between North Water Street and Marina Park Road. No overflow events
were recorded at this location in 2017 and therefore no monitoring data is presented in this report.

STORMWATER MANAGEMENT
In 2017, the City commenced the first stage of the Stormwater Other Stormwater projects
Management Plan for Sustainable Surface Water Management. completed in 2017 include:
This Plan provides a 20-year guide to protect water quality and
the health of the City’s water resources. Over the course of 2017, Inspection of:
there were numerous outfall repairs, including 70 minor and
7 major outfalls.
The City also awarded a Stormwater Financing Study to a

302 stormwater
outfalls
consultant to assist the City to determine ways to provide a
dedicated, consistent and fair funding system for the current and
future needs of the stormwater management system. 28 beaver grates
Two years, 2015 and 2016, of stormwater benchmarking were
81
completed in 2017 for the National Water and Wastewater
oil grit
Benchmarking Initiative.
separators
The on-going development of a sanitary sewer monitoring
program continues. Five new monitoring locations were installed
in 2017 and several others were relocated. There are a total of Installation of data
thirty-one sanitary monitors throughout the City. loggers and telemetry
systems at:
• Lyons Ditch;
LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT UPDATE
• Canadian Pacific Rail
In 2017, eight green infrastructure, Low Impact Development, Yard;
stormwater treatment facilities commenced construction, including:
• John St. at Water St.;
Cuyler St. at Cuyler Street at • Five new locations in
Current Avenue Dewe Avenue the sanitary sewers.
9 Calibration
George Burke Park James Street at
parking lot Parkway Drive
of
all nine rain
MacDougall Street MacDougall Street gauges.
at Court Street at Algoma Street
6 Replacement
Birch Point Park New parking lots at the of
parking lot Waterfront, south of
Pearl Street
six Combined
Sewer Overflow
A new oil-grit separator was incorporated to provide stormwater monitors.
quality treatment for catchment area of approximately 35 hectare,
located in the George Burke Park parking lot.
The City hosted a two day Low Impact Development Workshop

for the public, post-secondary education students, City staff, and
local consultants and contractors. Nine different construction
firms were represented at the workshop. Twenty-one residential
rain gardens rebates were processed by Eco-Superior, bringing
the total to sixty-one over the past four years.

WPCP LABORATORY
The laboratory supports the process control

testing for the WPCP on a daily basis. Under
the direction of the Chief Chemist, two full time
laboratory technicians carry out operational
analytical requirements as outlined in the ECA of
the plant. The testing includes, but is not limited
to, the following parameters: carbonaceous
biochemical oxygen demand (CBOD5), total
suspended solids (TSS), total and soluble
phosphorus (TP and SP), pH, total solids (TS),
volatile solids (VS), volatile acids, ammonia,
chemical oxygen demand (COD), capillary
suction time (CST), alkalinity and ultraviolet
transmittance (UVT). An external accredited
laboratory also conducts bimonthly tests for
metals and monthly tests for COD, ammonia, and
total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN). The laboratory also
provides analytical support for the Sewer Use
Control Program.
The laboratory has an internal Quality Assurance program in place for many parameters such as
ammonia, total suspended solids, phosphorus, pH, and CBOD5 tests.
All of the results from the monitoring program were used to calculate final effluent and dewatered
sludge discharges reportable to Environment and Climate Change Canada through the National
Pollutant Release Inventory program. In addition, results were used to produce monthly reports to
the Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change under the Municipal Utilities Monitoring
Program (MUMP).
WASTEWATER SYSTEMS EFFLUENT REGULATION (WSER)
In May 2013, Environment and Climate Change Canada invoked new regulations under the
Wastewater Systems Effluent Regulation (WSER).The WPCP must report on a quarterly basis
according to these new regulations. Additional final effluent samples are taken three times per week
for carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, ammonia and un-ionized
ammonia. Under the regulation the samples are analyzed by the WPCP’s contract laboratory. The
Chief Chemist reports this information directly to Environment and Climate Change Canada.
Due to favourable ammonia results in 2013, the WPCP has continued to be exempted from this
parameter for the 2017 reporting year. Commencing January 2015, Environment and Climate Change
Canada implemented a monthly Acute Toxicity Test on the final effluent for the WPCP. This is in
addition to the current WSER sampling program. All 2017 final effluent samples tested NON-LETHAL
for Rainbow Trout and Daphnia Magna.
In addition, the City commenced reporting Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs) as per the Regulation.
Currently, CSOs located within the system are monitored remotely by a telemetry system. Both flow
and level are being measured at these sites.

CALIBRATION & MAINTENANCE
OF MONITORING EQUIPMENT
Calibration and maintenance of the effluent monitoring

equipment and automatic samplers were carried out by
the Environmental Inspector and Laboratory Technicians.
The influent flow measuring device is verified for accuracy
by Plant Electricians on a routine basis.
SEWER USE CONTROL PROGRAM
The Hauled Sewage Monitoring Program recorded a total of 236 loads of processed water and septic/
holding tank wastes which accounted for 3.4 million litres received at the WPCP for 2017. The Hauled
Sewage Monitoring Program consists of an annual permit issued to waste haulers discharging to the
WPCP, and a tracking form for each load, which must be provided to the City prior to discharge.
The tracking form allows the City to monitor

the volume, type, and origin of wastes
received via the independent haulers. The
Extra Strength Surcharge Program, provided
through the City’s Sewer Use By-law, allows
participating industries to discharge effluent
containing total phosphorus, CBOD5, and
suspended solids in excess of the limits in
the Sewer Use By-law. Industries approved
to discharge are issued annual permits.
Temporary permits are also issued to other
industries as required. A fee, assessed based
on the actual treatment cost of the loading
above the by-law limit, is then applied to
these industries.
Water Pollution
WastewaterControl
Treatment
Plant | ANNUAL REPORT 2017 17
COMPLAINTS
The WPCP did not receive any inquiries from the public in 2017.
BY-PASS EVENTS
Throughout 2017, the plant experienced a number of

secondary and partial secondary by-pass events. Over
the course of the year, approximately 1,787 million
litres of wastewater received primary treatment,
but by-passed the secondary treatment plant
before entering the Kaministiquia River. High
flow events, caused by the spring snow melt
and heavy rain events, resulted in over 55% of
the volume of the by-passes. The other major
contributor, at 42.5% of the by-pass volume,
was the approved, planned secondary treatment
maintenance outage. Minor contributors, at 2%
and 0.4%, were the results of loss of utility line
power and equipment failures respectively. When
applicable, the by-passes were disinfected by the
UV facility or chlorinated using chlorine pucks. All
by-pass and spill events were reported to the MOECC,
Thunder Bay District Health Unit and Environment
and Climate Change Canada following the established
reporting protocol.

OPERATING EXPENDITURES
Table I of this report outlines the Direct Operating Expenditures for the WPCP. These include the
cost to operate the facility as well as the remote pumping stations, laboratory and sewer use
control program. Table II lists the historical operating costs for the facility. A major increase in
operating costs (e.g. electricity, chemicals, natural gas) was experienced due to the addition of
the secondary treatment plant in late 2005.
Table I: Direct Operating Expenditures
Category Total Cost
Plant Operations and Administration $ 8,296,626.18

Pumping Stations $ 87,896.48
Laboratory & Sewer Use Control $ 163,403.65
Storm Water Pumping Stations $ 24,223.11
Cogen Revenue Credits $ (293, 832.00)
Total $ 8,278,317.42
Table II: Historical Operating Cost
Total Annual Total Cost Per Million

Flow Operating Litres Treated
Year (ML) Cost ($/ML)
2004 24,551 $3,554,357 $144.77
2005 25,942 $4,334,343 $167.08
2006 *
22,973 $5,213,890 $226.96
2007 22,957 $5,491,946 $239.23
2008 25,951 $5,650,271 $217.73
2009 25,329 $5,935,330 $234.33
2010 22,607 $5,935,032 $262.53
2011 21,741 $5,573,278 $256.35
2012 23,453 $6,387,620 $272.36
2013 29,948 $7,331,322 $244.80
2014 29,664 $7,378,428 $248.73
2015 29,396 $7,800,819 $265.37
2016 31,144 $8,141,189 $261.40
2017 28,886 $8,278,317 $286.58
*
New secondary treatment plant in service
Note: ML = million litres

SANITARY SEWER MAINS

PLANT PROCESS SCHEMATIC
Primary Treatment Secondary Treatment
Headworks Bypass
Bar Alum Polymer

Parshall Screens
Flume #1 to #4 BAF Fine
Screens BAF “N”
Primary BAF “C”
Raw Aerated Grit Clarifiers
Sewage Tanks 1&2 #1 to #4
Main Pump
Station
Pumps
#1 to #5
Screenings
to Landfill Grit to Raw Backwash
Waste Tank Backwash
Landfill Sludge Supply
Tank
DAF
Ultraviolet
Thickened Disinfection
Waste (Seasonal)
Secondary
To Sludge Sludge
Blend Tank
BAF – Biological Aerated Filter
C – Carbonaceous
N – Nitrification
Final Effluent
DAF – Dissolved Air Flotation to
Kaministiquia
Automated Sample Point River

SLUDGE PROCESS SCHEMATIC
Polymer
Biosolids
Dewatering To Landfill
Digested Centrate
To Main Pump
Sludge Station
Emergency
Overflow
Digester Gas
To Digester
Mixing,
Cogeneration
Engine, Boilers
or Flame
Digester Digester Digester Digester

No. 1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4
Blended Sludge
Raw Sludge
Sludge Blend
Tank
Thickened Waste
Secondary Sludge

WATER POLLUTION CONTROL PLANT SITE PLAN

DATA TABLES
Table 1: Flows Received
Influent Total Maximum Average Daily

Volume Precipitation Daily Flow Flow
Month (ML) (mm) (MLD) (MLD)
January 1,898 39 121 61.2
February 1,738 37 167 62.1
March 1,943 19 224 62.7
April 2,655 46 307 88.5
May 3,823 70 222 123.3
June 2,778 118 155 92.6
July 2,577 66 171 83.1
August 2,073 43 136 66.9
September 2,413 101 171 80.5
October 2,601 52 263 83.9
November 2,245 41 145 74.8
December 2,143 34 121 69.1
Total 28,886 666
Average 2,524 56 79.1
Table 2: Plant Effluent Quality – Monthly Average Concentration
Avg Daily Flow CBOD5 TSS TP E Coli TAN pH Temperature

Month (MLD) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (#/100 mL) (mg/L) (SU) (°C)
Apr 1 - Oct 31: 3.0
Limit 25 25 1 200 Nov 1 to Mar 31: 5.0 6.0 to 9.5
January 61.2 6.6 8.0 0.4 1.5 6.8 12.0
February 62.1 7.6 8.4 0.5 1.8 6.7 11.3
March 62.7 19.2 12.0 0.6 5.1 6.7 11.6
April 88.5 17.4 10.3 0.5 37 5.1 7.0 11.6
May 123.3 4.3 5.9 0.3 112 0.4 7.1 11.5
June 92.6 3.7 6.2 0.3 36 0.4 7.0 15.5
July 83.13 3.8 5.8 0.2 21 0.4 6.8 18.0
August 66.9 3.9 4.8 0.2 102 0.7 6.5 18.4
September 80.4 3.2 4.9 0.2 58 0.7 7.5 17.2
October 83.9 3.7 5.3 0.2 49 0.4 7.5 15.8
November 74.8 4.2 4.9 0.2 1.4 6.8 13.6
December 69.1 6.2 6.5 0.3 2.1 6.4 11.4

Table 3: Plant Effluent Quality – Monthly Average Loading
CBOD5 TSS TP
Month (kg/d) (kg/d) (kg/d)
Limit 2112.5 2112.5 84.5
January 393.6 489.8 23.8
February 480.1 524.8 28.3
March 1230.3 748.2 35.2
April 1351.2 885.3 40.7
May 551.8 730.0 34.8
June 333.2 569.2 24.7
July 322.8 530.0 17.7
August 263.4 349.0 16.1
September 253.3 423.7 17.0
October 305.9 451.9 17.4
November 312.2 394.8 14.7
December 455.7 487.7 17.8
Table 4: Sludge Dewatering Results
Sludge to Total Sludge Biosolids

Dewatering Dewatered Generated
Month (m3/day) (m3) (Tonnes)
January 296 9,170 719
February 298 8,340 620
March 287 8,903 623
April 319 9,560 739
May 391 12,106 883
June 375 11,250 802
July 321 9,945 716
August 304 9,418 807
September 330 9,910 829
October 305 9,458 835
November 314 9,409 814
December 307 9,521 810
Average 320 9,749 766
Total 3,847 116,990 9,198

Table 5: Waste Haul Process Water Summary
Number
of pH Volume
Month Loads (SU) (Litres)
January 11 7.02 153,750
February 12 6.80 158,700
March 10 6.26 133,000
April 9 6.91 126,100
May 16 6.26 213,700
June 27 6.27 423,400
July 13 6.43 216,400
August 22 6.75 328,900
September 23 7.01 360,200
October 39 6.98 537,600
November 32 6.56 412,250
December 22 6.54 312,500
Total 236 3,376,500
Average 6.65
26 Wastewater
Water Pollution
Treatment
Control |Plant
ANNUAL
| ANNUAL
REPORT
REPORT
2017 2017
Table 6: Heavy Metals Effluent Data
Al As Cd Cr Co Cu Fe Pb Mn Mo Ni Zn
Month (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)
January 0.36 < 0.001 < 0.000 < 0.002 < 0.001 0.01 0.48 < 0.0 0.129 0.003 < 0.002 0.03
March 0.54 < 0.001 < 0.000 < 0.002 < 0.001 0.013 0.57 < 0.0 0.178 0.001 < 0.002 0.03
May 0.36 < 0.001 < 0.000 < 0.002 < 0.001 0.008 0.39 < 0.0 0.131 0.001 0.002 < 0.02
July 0.18 < 0.001 < 0.000 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.005 0.22 < 0.0 0.107 0.001 < 0.005 < 0.03
September 0.24 0.001 < 0.000 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.007 0.37 < 0.0 0.151 0.002 < 0.005 < 0.03
November 0.28 < 0.001 < 0.000 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.008 0.38 < 0.0 0.125 0.001 < 0.005 0.03
Table 7: Heavy Metals Raw Sludge Data
Al As Cd Cr Co Cu Fe Pb Mn Mo Ni Zn
Month (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg)
January 7,510 2.1 0.3 11.1 1.2 132 10,800 9.6 136 1.5 7.9 185
March 24,500 3.4 0.4 10.9 1.7 358 16,200 18.7 221 2.1 8.7 254
May 12,400 3.5 0.6 12.2 1.6 206 21,400 18.7 173 2.1 8.8 290
August 15,000 4.2 0.6 12.6 2 236 20,100 17.6 193 2.9 10.5 319
September 16,000 3.5 0.5 10.6 1.9 193 17,700 17.1 192 2.3 9 308
November 9,860 1.9 0.3 33.1 5.6 123 12,900 9.1 143 1.6 61.7 176
Table 8: Heavy Metals Cake Data
Al As Cd Cr Co Cu Fe Pb Mn Ni Zn
Month (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg)
January 28,000 6.6 0.7 16.3 2.6 319 30,500 18.4 450 15.2 386
March 24,800 7.4 0.8 18.6 3 353 32,800 23.8 511 15.4 431
May 28,900 6.4 0.8 14.6 2.3 271 36,500 22 399 13 388
July 28,000 6.8 0.7 14.2 2.4 292 34,800 20.4 354 12.1 347
September 28,200 7.7 1.6 14.9 2.7 295 34,300 24.2 428 12.8 388
November 35,300 6.9 0.8 39.7 6.5 294 34,700 20.7 491 65.1 368
Table 9: Heavy Metals Digested Sludge Data
Al As Cd Cr Cu Fe Pb Mn Mo Ni Zn
Month (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L) (mg/L)
January 589 0.1 0 0.3 6.9 662 0.4 10 0.1 0.3 7.2
March 505 0.2 0 0.3 7.4 676 0.5 10.3 0.1 0.3 8.6
May 930 0.2 0 0.3 9.8 1,020 0.8 11.7 0.1 0.4 10.2
July 791 0.2 0 0.3 6.5 910 0.5 10.7 0.1 0.3 8.8
September 723 0.2 0 0.4 8.1 906 0.6 117 0.1 0.4 11.3
November 825 0.2 0 0.7 7.4 851 0.4 128 0.1 1.3 856

Water links us to our neighbor in a way more
profound and complex than any other.
- John Thorson
When the well’s dry, we know the worth of water.
- Benjamin Franklin
Nothing is softer or more flexible

than water, yet nothing can resist it.
- Lao Tzu
Water is the driving force of all nature.
- Leonardo Da Vinci
All water has a perfect memory and

is forever trying to get back to where it was.
- Toni Morrison
Water is life’s mater and matrix, mother and

medium. There is no life without water.
-Albert Szent-Gyorqyi
Pure water is the world’s first

and foremost medicine.
-Slovakian Proverb
What you take from the earth, you

must give back. That’s nature’s way.
-Chris D’lacey

WATER
POLLUTION
CONTROL
PLANT
WATER POLLUTION CONTROL PLANT

CITY OF THUNDER BAY
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION
901 ATLANTIC AVE
THUNDER BAY ON P7C 5K4
TEL: (807) 625-3370
THUNDERBAY.CA

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WASTEWATER

Wastewater Treatment | ANNUAL REPORT 2017 A

Wastewater Treatment | ANNUAL REPORT 2017 1

Figure 2: ECA Total Phosphorus Monthly Effluent Results............................10

Figure 3: ECA pH Monthly Effluent Results....................................................10

Figure 4: ECA Ammonia Monthly Effluent Results Objectives........................11

Figure 5: Sludge Volumes and Digester Gas Production................................11

Figure 6: Biosolids shipped to Solid Waste & Recycling Facility....................12

Table I: Direct Operating Expenditures...........................................................19

Table II: Historical Operating Cost...................................................................19

List of Data Tables

Table 1: Flows Recieved...................................................................................24

Table 2: Plant Effluent Quality – Monthly Average Concentration..................24

Table 3: Plant Effluent Quality – Monthly Average Loading............................25

Table 4: Sludge Dewatering Results...............................................................25

Table 5: Waste Haul Process Water Summary................................................26

Table 6: Heavy Metals Effluent Data................................................................27

Table 7: Heavy Metals Raw Sludge Data.........................................................27

Table 8: Heavy Metals Cake Data.....................................................................27

Table 9: Heavy Metals Digested Sludge Data..................................................27

2 Wastewater Treatment | ANNUAL REPORT 2017

Director – Planning & Research Project Manager –

Administrative Assistant – Process Engineers - Training & Quality Assurance

Water Pollution Control Plant

Plant Superintendent – Chief Operator, Millwrights – Gord Belanger,

Accounting & Administration Laboratory Technicians – Plant Electricians –

Wastewater Treatment | ANNUAL REPORT 2017 3

This report is prepared on an annual basis to satisfy the

Wastewater Treatment | ANNUAL REPORT 2017 5

Raw sewage from across the City is collected in large trunk

At the Influent Pump Station, the

From the bar screens, the sewage

6 Wastewater Treatment | ANNUAL REPORT 2017

The liquid portion leaving the primary

The solid waste generated in the

Wastewater Treatment | ANNUAL REPORT 2017 7

The excess digester gas is piped to a 600kW

The digested sludge is transferred to

The final plant effluent is discharged to the

Discharge Effluent Quality

Effluent TSS Effluent CBOD ECA Limit ECA Objective

Wastewater Treatment | ANNUAL REPORT 2017 9

Discharge Effluent Quality

Figure 2: ECA Total Phosphorus Monthly Effluent Results

Discharge Effluent Quality

Effluent pH ECA Limit ECA Objective

Figure 3: ECA pH Monthly Effluent Results

10 Wastewater Treatment | ANNUAL REPORT 2017

Discharge Effluent Quality

Figure 4: ECA Ammonia Monthly Effluent Results Objectives

Biosolids – Digester and Dewatering Summary

Sludge to Digester and Gas Produced

Primary Sludge Secondary Sludge Digester Gas

Figure 5: Sludge Volumes and Digester Gas Production

Wastewater Treatment | ANNUAL REPORT 2017 11

Monthly Biosolids Shipped to the City of Thunder Bay’s

Figure 6: Biosolids shipped to Solid Waste & Recycling Facility

WPCP INFRASTRUCTURE MAINTENANCE / CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

As part of the Environment Division’s

12 Wastewater Treatment | ANNUAL REPORT 2017