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    EXPERIMENT 6:observation of The V-I Characteristic of A Diode

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    Shubham waghmare
    This document summarizes an experiment to observe the voltage-current (V-I) characteristic of a diode. The experiment involves setting up a circuit with a diode, voltage source, resistor, and multimeters. Voltage is applied across the diode in both forward and reverse bias, and the corresponding current is measured. In forward bias, the relationship is exponential, while in reverse bias it is linear. The results are plotted on V-I graphs, clearly showing the rectifying property of diodes.

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    EXPERIMENT 6:observation of The V-I Characteristic of A Diode

    Uploaded by

    Shubham waghmare
    43 views5 pages
    This document summarizes an experiment to observe the voltage-current (V-I) characteristic of a diode. The experiment involves setting up a circuit with a diode, voltage source, resistor, and multimeters. Voltage is applied across the diode in both forward and reverse bias, and the corresponding current is measured. In forward bias, the relationship is exponential, while in reverse bias it is linear. The results are plotted on V-I graphs, clearly showing the rectifying property of diodes.

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    Diode

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    This document summarizes an experiment to observe the voltage-current (V-I) characteristic of a diode. The experiment involves setting up a circuit with a diode, voltage source, resistor, and multimeters. Voltage is applied across the diode in both forward and reverse bias, and the corresponding current is measured. In forward bias, the relationship is exponential, while in reverse bias it is linear. The results are plotted on V-I graphs, clearly showing the rectifying property of diodes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    43 views5 pages

    EXPERIMENT 6:observation of The V-I Characteristic of A Diode

    Uploaded by

    Shubham waghmare
    This document summarizes an experiment to observe the voltage-current (V-I) characteristic of a diode. The experiment involves setting up a circuit with a diode, voltage source, resistor, and multimeters. Voltage is applied across the diode in both forward and reverse bias, and the corresponding current is measured. In forward bias, the relationship is exponential, while in reverse bias it is linear. The results are plotted on V-I graphs, clearly showing the rectifying property of diodes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    EXPERIMENT 6:Observation of the V-I

    characteristic of a diode
    Debangshu Mukherjee
    BS.c Physics,1st Year
    Chennai Mathematical Institute
    31.10.2008

    1 Aim of experiment
    We try to see the Voltage-Current realtion in Diodes by applying a voltage
    across it and measuring the corressponding current flowing through it

    2 Apparatus required
    a)A diode
    b)A DC voltage supplier
    c)Bread board
    d)100Ω resistor
    e)2 multimeter for measuring current and voltage
    f)Connecting wires

    3 Theory of experiment
    The diode is a device formed from a junction of n-type and p-type
    semiconductor material. The lead connected to the p-type material is called
    the anode and the lead connected to the n-type material is the cathode. In
    general, the cathode of a diode is marked by a solid line on the diode.The
    primary function of the diode is rectification. When it is forward biased (the
    higher potential is connected to the anode lead), it will pass current. When
    it is reversed biased ( the higher potential is connected to the cathode lead),
    current flow is blocked.A general curve looks like this:

    1
    In the forward-bias region the V-I relationship is described as follows:
    V
    I = Is (e nVT − 1)

    In the above equation, I is the forward current, V is the forward voltage, It


    is the saturation current, and VT = kT /q is the thermal voltage. Initially,
    the V vs I graph is linear but then after reaching breakdown, it becomes
    exponential.

    4 Procedure
    First, complete a circuit as shown below with a 100Ω resistor and an variable
    DC input voltage source.

    We first note the point where the ammeter starts deflecting. We note this
    point and gradually increase the input voltage and take the corressponding
    current readings. We have to take many readings till the input voltage is

    2
    about 30V. On plotting an V vs I curve, we will get a clear picture of the
    diode characteristic. Now, we change the direction of voltage that is being
    applied. Then, we can get the readings in reverse bias. These readings on
    plotting will be linear.

    5 Claculations
    5.1 Readings for forward bias
    S.No Voltage(V ) Current(mA)
    1 0.283 0
    2 0.347 0.001
    3 0.370 0.001
    4 0.395 0.005
    5 0.425 0.009
    6 0.435 0.012
    7 0.445 0.018
    8 0.467 0.047
    9 0.485 0.060
    10 0.496 0.082
    11 0.503 0.101
    12 0.517 0.145
    13 0.525 0.175
    14 0.527 0.181
    15 0.538 0.246
    16 0.544 0.306
    17 0.555 0.412
    18 0.563 0.509
    19 0.573 0.646
    20 0.575 0.693
    21 0.585 0.822
    22 0.592 0.979
    23 0.598 1.112
    24 0.605 1.335
    25 0.618 1.805
    26 0.623 2.007
    27 0.630 2.392
    28 0.646 3.4
    29 0.653 3.9
    30 0.658 4.3
    31 0.665 5.3
    32 0.672 6.7
    33 0.677 7.6
    34 0.680 8.0

    3
    5.2 Measurement in reverse bias
    S.No Voltage(V ) Current(µA)
    1 0.90 0
    2 1.60 0.001
    3 2.07 0.002
    4 3.78 0.003
    5 4.94 0.004
    6 5.95 0.005
    7 7.27 0.006
    8 8.01 0.007
    9 9.32 0.008
    10 9.84 0.009
    11 10.34 0.010
    12 11.94 0.011
    13 12.77 0.012
    14 13.93 0.013
    15 15.11 0.014
    16 16.32 0.015
    17 17.03 0.016
    18 17.81 0.017
    19 18.56 0.018
    20 19.35 0.019

    6 Results
    We plot the readings on a V vs I curve and the two graphs look as follows:
    Forward bias graph:

    4
    Reverse bias graph

    7 Discussion
    •If, we just reverse the diode to measure the I-V characteristics, the sudden
    change might destroy the diode.
    •The diode should not be short-circuited. That will allow a flow of huge
    current which might destroy the diode.
    •Current must not pass through it for a very long time. It will then increase
    the depletion region and develop a fluctuating resistance.

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