Unit

10 was/were
A last night now
Now Robert is at work.
At midnight last night
he wasn’t at work.
He was in bed.
He was asleep.

am/is (present) → was (past):

I am tired. (now) I was tired last night.
Where is Kate? (now) Where was Kate yesterday?
!e weather is good today. !e weather was good last week.
are (present) → were (past):
You are late. (now) You were late yesterday.
!ey aren’t here. (now) !ey weren’t here last Sunday.

B positive negative question

I I I?
he he was not he?
was was
she she (wasn’t) she?
it it it?
we we we?
were not
you were you were you?
(weren’t)
they they they?

Last year Rachel was 22, so she is 23 now.

When I was a child, I was scared of dogs.
We were hungry after the journey, but we weren’t tired.
!e hotel was comfortable, but it wasn’t expensive.
Was the weather nice when you were on holiday?
Your shoes are nice. Were they expensive?
Why were you late this morning?

C Short answers
I/he/she/it was. I/he/she/it wasn’t.
Yes, No,
we/you/they were. we/you/they weren’t.

‘Were you late?’ ‘No, I wasn’t.’

‘Was Tom at work yesterday?’ ‘Yes, he was.’
‘Were Sue and Steve at the party?’ ‘No, they weren’t.’

am/is/are ➜ Units 1–2 I was doing ➜ Unit 13

Exercises Unit

Where were these people at 3 o’clock yesterday afternoon?

10
1 2 3 4 5

JOE JACK KATE SUE MR AND MRS HALL BEN

1 Joe was in bed. 4

2 Jack and Kate 5
3 Sue 6 And you? I

Write am/is/are (present) or was/were (past).

1 Last year she was 22, so she is 23 now.
2 Today the weather nice, but yesterday it very cold.
3 I hungry. Can I have something to eat?
4 I feel fine this morning, but I very tired last night.
5 Where you at 11 o’clock last Friday morning?
6 Don’t buy those shoes. !ey very expensive.
7 I like your new jacket. it expensive?
8 !is time last year I in Paris.
9 ‘Where Sam and Joe?’ ‘I don’t know. !ey here a few minutes ago.’
Write was/were or wasn’t/weren’t.
1 We weren’t happy with the hotel. Our room was very small and it wasn’t clean.
2 Mark at work last week because he ill. He’s better now.
3 Yesterday a public holiday, so the banks closed. !ey’re open today.
4 ‘ Kate and Ben at the party?’ ‘Kate there, but Ben .’
5 Where are my keys? !ey on the table, but they’re not there now.
6 You at home last night. Where you?

Write questions from these words + was/were. Put the words in the right order.

1 (late / you / this morning / why?)

Why were you late this morning? !e traffic was bad.
2 (difficult / your exam?)
No, it was easy.
3 (last week / where / Sue and Chris?)
!ey were on holiday.
4 (your new camera / how much?)
A hundred pounds.
5 (angry / you / yesterday / why?)
Because you were late.
6 (nice / the weather / last week?)
Yes, it was beautiful.
Unit
11 worked/got/went etc. (past simple)
A
!ey watch TV every evening.
(present simple)
!ey watched TV yesterday evening.
(past simple)

watched is the past simple:

I/we/you/they
watched
he/she/it

B !e past simple is often -ed (regular verbs). For example:

work → worked dance → danced
clean → cleaned stay → stayed
start → started need → needed

I clean my teeth every morning. !is morning I cleaned my teeth.

Terry worked in a bank from 2005 to 2011.
Yesterday it rained all morning. It stopped at lunchtime.
We enjoyed the party last night. We danced a lot and talked to a lot of people.
!e party finished at midnight.
Spelling (→ Appendix 5):
try → tried study → studied copy → copied
stop → stopped plan → planned

C Some verbs are irregular (= not regular). !e past simple is not -ed. Here are some important irregular
verbs (see also Appendix 2–3):
begin → began fall → fell leave → left sell → sold
break broke find found lose lost sit sat
bring brought fly flew make made sleep slept
build built forget forgot meet met speak spoke
buy bought get got pay paid stand stood
catch caught give gave put put take took
come came go went read read (red)* tell told
do did have had ring rang think thought
drink drank hear heard say said win won
eat ate know knew see saw write wrote
* pronounced ‘red’
I usually get up early, but this morning I got up at 9 o’clock.
We did a lot of work yesterday.
Caroline went to the cinema three times last week.
James came into the room, took off his coat and sat down.

was/were ➜ Unit 10 I didn’t / Did you … ? (negative and questions) ➜ Unit 12 ago ➜ Unit 19
Exercises Unit

Complete the sentences. Use a verb from the box.

11
clean die enjoy finish happen open rain start stay want

1 I cleaned my teeth three times yesterday.

2 It was hot in the room, so I the window.
3 !e film was very long. It at 7.15 and at 10 o’clock.
4 When I was a child, I to be a doctor.
5 !e accident last Sunday afternoon.
6 !e weather is nice today, but yesterday it all day.
7 We our holiday last year. We at a very nice place.
8 Anna’s grandfather when he was 90 years old.
Write the past simple of these verbs.
1 get got 4 pay 7 go 10 know
2 see 5 visit 8 think 11 put
3 play 6 buy 9 copy 12 speak
Read about Lisa’s journey to Madrid. Put the verbs in the correct form.

Last Tuesday Lisa (1) !ew from London to Madrid. She (2) up fly, get
at 6 o’clock in the morning and (3) a cup of coffee. At 6.30 she have
(4) home and (5) to the airport. When she leave, drive
(6) there, she (7) the car, (8) to the airport get, park, walk
building, and (9) in. !en she (10) breakfast at a cafe check, have
and (11) for her flight. !e plane (12) on time and wait, depart
(13) in Madrid two hours later. Finally she (14) a taxi arrive, take
from the airport to her hotel in the centre of Madrid.

Write sentences about the past (yesterday / last week etc.).

1 James always goes to work by car. Yesterday he went to work by car.
2 Rachel often loses her keys. She last week.
3 Kate meets her friends every evening. She yesterday evening.
4 I buy a newspaper every day. Yesterday I
5 We often go to the cinema at weekends. Last Sunday we
6 I eat an orange every day. Yesterday I
7 Tom always has a shower in the morning. !is morning he
8 Our friends often come to see us. !ey last Friday.
Write sentences about what you did yesterday.
1 I went to the theatre. 4
2 5
3 6

➜ Additional exercise 10
Unit I didn’t … Did you … ?
12 (past simple negative and questions)
A We use did in past simple negatives and questions:
infinitive positive negative question
play I played I play I play?
start we started we start we start?
watch you watched you watch you watch?
did not
have they had they have did they have?
(didn’t)
see he saw he see he see?
do she did she do she do?
go it went it go it go?

B do/does (present) → did (past):

I don’t watch TV very often.
I didn’t watch TV yesterday.
Does she often go away?
Did she go away last week?

C We use did/didn’t + infinitive (watch/play/go etc.):

I watched but I didn’t watch (not I didn’t watched)

they went did they go? (not did they went?)
he had he didn’t have
you did did you do?

I played tennis yesterday, but I didn’t win.

‘Did you do the shopping?’ ‘No, I didn’t have time.’
We went to the cinema, but we didn’t enjoy the film.

D Study the word order in questions:

did + subject + infinitive
Did your sister call you?
What did you do last night?
How did the accident happen?
Where did your parents go for their holiday?

E Short answers

I/we/you/they I/we/you/they
Yes, did. No, didn’t.
he/she/it he/she/it

‘Did you see Joe yesterday?’ ‘No, I didn’t.’

‘Did it rain on Sunday?’ ‘Yes, it did.’
‘Did Helen come to the party?’ ‘No, she didn’t.’
‘Did your parents have a good holiday?’ ‘Yes, they did.’

worked/got/went etc. (past simple) ➜ Unit 11

Exercises Unit

Complete these sentences with the verb in the negative.

12
1 I saw Barbara, but I didn’t see Jane.
2 !ey worked on Monday, but they on Tuesday.
3 We went to the post office, but we to the bank.
4 She had a pen, but she any paper.
5 Jack did French at school, but he German.

Write questions with Did … ?

1 I watched TV last night. How about you? Did you watch TV last night ?
2 I enjoyed the party. How about you? ?
3 I had a good holiday. How about you? ?
4 I finished work early. How about you? ?
5 I slept well last night. How about you? ?

What did you do yesterday? Write positive or negative sentences.

1 (watch TV) I watched TV. or I didn’t watch TV.
2 (get up before 7 o’clock) I
3 (have a shower)
4 (buy a magazine)
5 (eat meat)
6 (go to bed before 10.30)
Write B’s questions. Use:
arrive cost go go to bed late happen have a nice time stay win

1 A: We went to New York last month. 5 A: We came home by taxi.

B: Where did you stay ? B: How much ?
A: With some friends. A: Ten pounds.

2 A: I was late for the meeting. 6 A: I’m tired this morning.

B: What time ? B: ?
A: Half past nine. A: No, but I didn’t sleep very well.
3 A: I played tennis this afternoon. 7 A: We went to the beach yesterday.
B: ? B: ?
A: No, I lost. A: Yes, it was great.
4 A: I had a nice holiday. 8 A: !e window is broken.
B: Good. Where ? B: How ?
A: To the mountains. A: I don’t know.

Put the verb in the correct form – positive, negative or question.

1 We went to the cinema, but the film wasn’t very good. We didn’t enjoy it. (enjoy)
2 Tom some new clothes yesterday – two shirts, a jacket and a pullover. (buy)
3 ‘ yesterday?’ ‘No, it was a nice day.’ (rain)
4 We were tired, so we long at the party. (stay)
5 It was very warm in the room, so I a window. (open)
6 ‘Did you phone Chris this morning?’ ‘No, I time.’ (have)
7 ‘I cut my hand this morning.’ ‘How that?’ (do)
8 ‘Why weren’t you at the meeting yesterday?’ ‘I about it.’ (know)

➜ Additional exercises 10–13