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    Ch.12. Reproduction in Plants

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    Sharath Chandra
    This document discusses various topics related to plant reproduction including: - Methods of asexual reproduction such as fragmentation, spore formation, budding, and vegetative propagation. - The definition of sexual reproduction as involving two parents and fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote. - The differences between asexual and sexual reproduction. - Reproductive parts of flowers and the differences between self-pollination and cross-pollination. - The process of fertilization in plants where the pollen tube grows into the ovule releasing male cells to fertilize the egg cell. - Various methods of seed dispersal including by wind, animals, water, and

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    Ch.12. Reproduction in Plants

    Uploaded by

    Sharath Chandra
    74 views7 pages
    This document discusses various topics related to plant reproduction including: - Methods of asexual reproduction such as fragmentation, spore formation, budding, and vegetative propagation. - The definition of sexual reproduction as involving two parents and fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote. - The differences between asexual and sexual reproduction. - Reproductive parts of flowers and the differences between self-pollination and cross-pollination. - The process of fertilization in plants where the pollen tube grows into the ovule releasing male cells to fertilize the egg cell. - Various methods of seed dispersal including by wind, animals, water, and

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    This document discusses various topics related to plant reproduction including: - Methods of asexual reproduction such as fragmentation, spore formation, budding, and vegetative propagation. - The definition of sexual reproduction as involving two parents and fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote. - The differences between asexual and sexual reproduction. - Reproductive parts of flowers and the differences between self-pollination and cross-pollination. - The process of fertilization in plants where the pollen tube grows into the ovule releasing male cells to fertilize the egg cell. - Various methods of seed dispersal including by wind, animals, water, and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    74 views7 pages

    Ch.12. Reproduction in Plants

    Uploaded by

    Sharath Chandra
    This document discusses various topics related to plant reproduction including: - Methods of asexual reproduction such as fragmentation, spore formation, budding, and vegetative propagation. - The definition of sexual reproduction as involving two parents and fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote. - The differences between asexual and sexual reproduction. - Reproductive parts of flowers and the differences between self-pollination and cross-pollination. - The process of fertilization in plants where the pollen tube grows into the ovule releasing male cells to fertilize the egg cell. - Various methods of seed dispersal including by wind, animals, water, and

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    12.

    REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS

    1Q. Describe the different methods of asexual reproduction. Give examples.


    Ans: Different methods of asexual reproduction are:
     The production of new plants from a single parent without the involvement of
    gametes is called asexual reproduction.
    The various methods of asexual reproduction are:
    (a) Fragmentation: The breaking of the body of a plant into two or more
    fragments, where each fragment grows and matures to form a new plant is called
    fragmentation.

    E.g.: Spirogyra

    (b) Spore Formation: The spores are tiny spherical unicellular structures protected
    by thick wall. The spores are stored in a hard-outer covering and this is called
    sporangium. Under favorable conditions the hard cover breaks and spores spread
    for germination.
    E.g.: bread mould (fungus)
    (c) Budding: In yeast, a bud is formed on the side of its body. The bud gradually
    grows and gets detached from the parent body to form a new yeast cell.

    (d) Vegetative propagation: Asexual reproduction in which new plants are


    produced from vegetative parts of the plant like roots, stem and leaves is called
    vegetative propagation.
    E.g.: stem tuber – potato

    Stem bulbs – onion


    Root – tamarind, dahlia
    Leaves – Bryophyllum, Begonia

    Leaves of Bryophyllum

    (e). Tissue Culture: It is a technique of raising new plants from a tiny portion of
    the plant tissue called explants in a nutrient medium under aseptic (free from any
    infection) conditions.
    E.g.: Orchids, Chrysanthemum, Asparagus, etc.

    2Q: Explain what you understand by sexual reproduction.


    Ans: “Sexual reproduction refers to involvement of two parents in the process of
    reproduction.”

    i. It is found mainly in higher plants where male gamete (pollen grain) and
    female gamete (ovules) fuse to form a zygote.
    ii. The zygote develops into individuals which are not identical, but they
    inherit the characteristics of both the parents.
    4Q State the main differences between asexual and sexual reproduction.

    5Q Sketch the reproductive parts of a flower.


    6Q: Explain the difference between self-pollination and cross -pollination

    Self pollination cross pollination

    7Q: How does the process of fertilization takes place in plants?


    i. When the pollen grain reaches the stigma of a flower, it starts
    growing out into the pollen tube of the stigma.

    ii. This tube continues to grow inside the style till it reaches the ovule. Male cells
    are released into the ovule for the fertilization with the female egg cell and thus the
    zygote is formed.

    iii.After this process of fertilization, the ovary develops into fruit and ovule into
    seeds.

    Fertilization in a flowering plant

    8A: Describe the various ways by which seeds are dispersed.

    Ans: The methods of seed dispersal are as follows:


    (i) Some light seeds like that of Madar, which are hairy, dry and small are carried
    away by the wind to different places.
    (ii) Spiny seeds and fruits like that of Xanthium and Urena, stick to the animals,
    and are thus carried away to different places.
    (iii) In some plants having heavy seeds like that of coconut, water acts as the
    dispersing agent.
    (iv) Some seeds are also dispersed with the fruit burst.

    Eg: Balsam and Castor

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