MATHEMATICS

QUARTER 2
Week 9

Capsulized Self-Learning
Empowerment Toolkit

Schools Division Office of Zamboanga City

Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula
Zamboanga City

“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”

Marites R. Alas, Teacher II

Dannyl Tipolo, Teacher I
Sharel Mae J. Ponce, Teacher I
Zamboanga City High School
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SUBJECT &
GRADE/LEVEL MATHEMATICS 7
QUARTER SECOND WEEK 9 DAY ____________________________
dd/mm/yyyy

TOPIC Linear Equations and Inequalities in One Variable

The learner finds the solution of linear equation in one variable.
(M7AL-IIi-1)

The learner solves linear equation or inequality in one variable

LEARNING
involving absolute value: (a) graphing (b) algebraic methods
COMPETENCY
(M7AL-IIi-j-1)

The learner solves problems involving equations and inequalities

in one variable. (M7AL-IIj-2)

UNDERSTAND
Linear Equation and Inequalities in One Variable

A PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY
To solve equations algebraically, we need to use the various properties of equality.
PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY EXAMPLES
A. Reflexive Property of Equality 1) 3 = 3 3) 𝑥 + 2 = 𝑥 + 2
For each real number 𝑎, 𝑎 = 𝑎. 2) − 𝑏 = −𝑏
B. Symmetric Property of Equality 1) 𝐼𝑓 2 + 3 = 5, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 5 = 2 + 3
For any real numbers 𝑎 and 𝑏, 2) 𝐼𝑓 𝑥 − 5 = 2, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 2 = 𝑥 − 5
if 𝑎 = 𝑏 then 𝑏 = 𝑎.
C. Transitive Property of Equality
𝐼𝑓 2 + 3 = 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 5 = 1 + 4,
For any real numbers 𝑎, 𝑏,
𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 2 + 3 = 1 + 4.
and 𝑐, If 𝑎 = 𝑏 and 𝑏 = 𝑐, then 𝑎 = 𝑐.
D. Substitution Property of Equality
For any real numbers 𝑎 and 𝑏: If 𝑎 = 𝑏
𝐼𝑓 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 = 3,
then a may be replaced by b, or b may be
𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 3 + 𝑦 = 5
replaced by a, in any mathematical
sentence without changing its meaning.
E. Addition Property of Equality (APE) 𝟏𝟎 + 𝟑 = 𝟏𝟑 is true if and only if
For all real numbers 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐, 𝑎 = 𝑏 if and 𝟏𝟎 + 𝟑 + 𝟐𝟑𝟖 = 𝟏𝟑 + 𝟐𝟑𝟖 is also
only if 𝑎 + 𝑐 = 𝑏 + 𝑐. true (because the same number
If we add the same number to both sides of 248, was added to both sides of
the equal sign, then the two sides remain the equation)
equal.
F. Multiplication Property of Equality (MPE) Example: 𝟑 ∙ 𝟓 = 𝟏𝟓 is true if and
For all real numbers 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐, where only if (𝟑 ∙ 𝟓) ∙ 𝟐 = 𝟏𝟓 ∙ 𝟐 is also
𝑐 ≠ 0, 𝑎 = 𝑏 if and only if 𝑎𝑐 = 𝑏𝑐. true (because the same number 2,
If we multiply the same number to both was multiplied to both sides of the
sides of the equal sign, then the two sides equation)
remain equal.

Marites R. Alas, Teacher II, Zamboanga City High School

Dannyl Tipolo, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
Sharel Mae J. Ponce, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
 3

FINDING SOLUTIONS TO EQUATIONS IN ONE

B
VARIABLE USING THE PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY
Solving an equation means finding the values of the unknown (such as x) so that
the equation becomes true. Although you may solve equations using Guess and Check,
a more systematic way is to use the properties of equality as the following examples
show.
EXAMPLE 1: Solve x – 4 = 8. EXAMPLE 2: Solve x + 3 = 5.

SOLUTION: SOLUTION:
x–4=8 Given x+3=5 Given
x – 4 + 4 = 8 + 4 APE x + 3 + (–3) = 5 + (–3) APE
(Added 4 to both sides (Added -3 to both sides)
x = 12 of the equation) x=2 of the equation)

NOTE: -4 + 4 = 0
Checking the solution is a EXAMPLE 3: Solve 4x + 7 = x – 8.
good routine after solving equations.
The Substitution Property of SOLUTION:
Equality can help. This is a good 4x + 7 = x – 8 Given
practice for you to check mentally. 4x + 7 + (–7) = x – 8 + (–7) APE
If x = 12 then x – 4 = 8 4x = x – 15
12 – 4 = 8 4x + (–x) = x – 15 + (–x) APE
3x = –15
8=8 1 1
3𝑥 ∙ ቀ ቁ = −15 ∙ ቀ ቁ MPE
Since 8 = 8 is true, then the 3 3
1
x = 12 is a correct solution to the (Multiplied 3 to both sides
equation. x = –5 of the equation)

C PROPERTIES OF INEQUALITY
A. Addition Property of Inequality (API)
For all real numbers a, b and c:
(a) if a < b, then a + c < b + c, and (b) if a > b, then a + c > b + c.
Observe that adding the same number to both a and b will not change the
inequality. Note that this is true whether we add a positive or negative number to both
sides of the inequality.
B. Multiplication Property of Inequality (MPI)
For all real numbers a, b and c, then all the following are true:
(a) if c > 0 and a < b, then ac < bc (c) if c < 0 and a < b, then ac > bc
(b) if c > 0 and a > b, then ac > bc (d) if c < 0 and a > b, then ac < bc

FINDING SOLUTIONS TO INEQUALITIES IN ONE

D
VARIABLE USING THE PROPERTIES OF INEQUALITY
EXAMPLE 1: Solve and graph 𝒙 + 𝟐 < 𝟏
SOLUTIONS: 𝒙 + 𝟐 < 𝟏 Given
𝒙 + 𝟐 + (−𝟐) < 𝟏 + (−𝟐) Addition Property of Inequality (API)
𝒙 < −𝟏 (Added -2 to both sides of the inequality)

Marites R. Alas, Teacher II, Zamboanga City High School

Dannyl Tipolo, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
Sharel Mae J. Ponce, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
 4

EXAMPLE 2: Solve and graph 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟑 ≥ 𝟏𝟐

SOLUTIONS: 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟑 ≥ 𝟏𝟐 Given
𝟑𝒙 + 𝟑 + (−𝟑) ≥ 𝟏𝟐 + (−𝟑) API
𝟑𝒙 ≥ 𝟗 (Added -3 to both sides of the inequality)
1 1
൬ ൰ 𝟑𝒙 ≥ 𝟗 ൬ ൰ MPI
3 3 1
(Multiply 3 to both sides of the inequality)
𝒙 ≥𝟑

➢ Solving an inequality means to find all the numbers that makes the inequality true.
➢ Usually an inequality has an infinite number of solutions.
➢ We use the addition and multiplication properties of inequality to produce
equivalent inequalities.

E ABSOLUTE VALUE
ABSOLUTE VALUE
The absolute value of a number is the distance of the number
from 0. Thus, the absolute value of any number is a non-negative
number.
EXAMPLE:
The expression inside the absolute 7 is a solution of |x| = 7
value sign can be positive. Because |7| = 7.

The expression inside the absolute -7 is a solution of |x| = 7

value sign can be negative. Because |-7| = 7.

From these, we know that the equation |x| = 7 has two solutions: 7 and -7.
We know that distance is a nonnegative number. In the number line below,
5 5

The distance between 0 and 5 is 5 → | 5 | = 5,

The distance between -5 and 0 is 5 → | -5 |=5.
We can say that the distance between 0 and any real number on the number line
is the absolute value of the number. For example,
2 2
| +8 | = 8 |-(3●2)|=3●2 | +5 | = 5
1 1
| -8 | = 8 |3●2|=3●2 | −3 2 | = 3 2
Therefore, like distance, the absolute value of any real number n is a
nonnegative number. It is denoted by | n |, read as “absolute value of n.”
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES:
1. |𝒙| = 𝟏 Graph:
Answer:
𝑥 = {−1,1}
𝟏 Graph:
2. |𝒎| = 𝟐
𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟
1 1
𝑚 = {− , }
2 2
Marites R. Alas, Teacher II, Zamboanga City High School
Dannyl Tipolo, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
Sharel Mae J. Ponce, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
 5

To solve an absolute value equation, write it as a disjunction.

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE: Find the value of x in each equation.

1. | 𝑥 | = 10 2. | 5𝑥 | = 20
SOLUTION:
1. | 𝑥 | = 10 is equivalent to the disjunction
𝑥 = 10 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −10

2. | 5𝑥 | = 20 is equivalent to the disjunction

5𝑥 = 20 or 5𝑥 = − 20
𝑥 = 4 or 𝑥 = −4
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE:
3. Solve and check: | 2𝑥 – 4 | = 8

SOLUTION: CHECK:
| 2𝑥 – 4 | = 8 If 𝑥 = 6, then If x = -2, then
2𝑥 – 4 = 8 𝑜𝑟 2𝑥 – 4 = − 8 | 2𝑥 – 4 | = 8 | 2𝑥 – 4 | = 8
2𝑥 = 12 𝑜𝑟 2𝑥 = − 4 | 2(6) – 4 | = 8 | 2(−2) – 4 | = 8
𝑥 = 6 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = −2 | 12 – 4 | = 8 | − 4– 4| = 8
|8| = 8 | −8| = 8
8 = 8 8 = 8

4. Solve and check: |3a – 4| – 11 = 15.

STEPS ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE
STEP 1: Let the expression on |3𝑎 – 4| – 11 = 15
one side of the equation consist
|3𝑎 – 4| – 11 + 11 = 15 + 11
only of a single absolute value
expression. |3𝑎 – 4| = 26
STEP 2: Is the number on the
No, it’s a positive number, 26, so proceed to step
other side of the equation
3
negative?
STEP 3: To satisfy the
equation, the expression inside
the absolute value can either be 3𝑎 – 4 = 26 3𝑎 – 4 = – 26
+26 or –26. These correspond
to two equations.
STEP 4: Solve both equations. 3𝑎 – 4 + 4 = 26 + 4 3𝑎 – 4 + 4 = – 26 + 4
3𝑎 = 30 3𝑎 = −22
𝑎 = 10 −22
𝑎 = 3
Step 5: Checking 𝐼𝑓 𝑎 = 10, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 22
𝐼𝑓 𝑎 = − 3 , then
|3(10)– 4 | − 11 = 15 22
|30– 4 | − 11 = 15 |3(− )– 4| − 11 = 15
3
| 26 | − 11 = 15 | − 22– 4| − 11 = 15
26 – 11 = 15 | − 26 | − 11 = 15
15 = 15 26 – 11 = 15
15 = 15

F SOLVING ABSOLUTE VALUE INEQUALITIES

The four cases used in solving absolute value inequalities.
CAUTION: In all cases, the assumption is that the value of “a” is positive, that is, a > 0.

❖ Our (4) Cases to Consider When Solving Absolute Value Inequalities

Marites R. Alas, Teacher II, Zamboanga City High School

Dannyl Tipolo, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
Sharel Mae J. Ponce, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
 6

CASE 1:

❖ The absolute value of a value or expression describes its distance from 0, but
it strips out information on the sign of the number or the direction of the distance.
Absolute value is always positive or zero, and a positive absolute value could
result from either a positive or a negative original value.

❖ When solving and graphing absolute value inequalities, we have to consider

both the behavior of absolute value and the Properties of Inequality. These
types of inequalities behave in interesting ways let’s get started.

Inequality symbols Properties of inequality Graph

< Less Than If |x| < k -k<x<k

> Greater Than If |x| > k x < - k or x > k

≤ Less Than or Equal to If |x| ≤ k -k ≤ x≤k

≥ Greater Than If |x| ≥ k x ≤ - k or x ≥ k

or Equal to
⚫ In interval notation, the word “OR” is replaced by the symbol “∪” to mean
“union “. The union of sets means that we are putting together the non-
overlapping elements of two or more sets of solutions.

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES: Under case 1

Example 1: Solve the absolute value inequality. |x + 4| - 6 < 9

STEPS ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE
STEP 1: Let the expression on one side of By adding 6 both sides, to make it a
the equation consist only of a single absolute single absolute value expression.
value expression. |x + 4| - 6 + 6 < 9 + 6
|x + 4| < 15
STEP 2: Is the number on the other side No, it’s a positive number, 15. We’ll move
negative? on to step 3.

Marites R. Alas, Teacher II, Zamboanga City High School

Dannyl Tipolo, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
Sharel Mae J. Ponce, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
 7

STEP 3: Set up a compound inequality The inequality sign in our problem is a

“less than” sign, so we will set up a 3-
part inequality:
|x + 4| < 15
-15 < x + 4 < 15
STEP 4: Solve the absolute value inequality -15 < x + 4 < 15
Isolate the variable “x” in the middle by
subtracting the left, middle and right parts of -15 - 4 < x + 4 - 4 < 15 - 4
the inequality by 4.
- 19 < x < 11

|x + 4| - 6 < 9
|x + 4| - 6 + 6 < 9 + 6
ACTUAL |x + 4| < 15
-15 < x + 4 < 15
SOLUTION
-15 - 4 < x + 4 - 4 < 15 - 4
- 19 < x < 11
❖ The inequality symbol suggests that the solution are all values of x between
-19 and 11.
❖ To write the answer in interval notation, we will utilize the regular parenthesis to
denote that −19 and 11 are not part of the solution.

Interval Notation: ( -19, 11 )

CASE 2:

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES: Under case 2

Example 2: Solve the absolute value of the inequality |x - 4| + 2 > 9
STEPS ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE
STEP 1: Let the expression on one By subtracting 2 both sides of the
side of the equation with a single equation to make it a single absolute
absolute value expression. value expression.
|x - 4|+ 2 - 2 > 9 - 2
|x - 4| > 7
STEP 2: Is the number on the other No, it’s a positive number, 7. We will
side negative? proceed on to step 3.

STEP 3: Set up two separate linear The inequality sign in our problem is a
inequalities. “greater than” symbol. So, we will set up the
inequality with the word "or":

x–4<-7 or x-4>7

Marites R. Alas, Teacher II, Zamboanga City High School

Dannyl Tipolo, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
Sharel Mae J. Ponce, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
 8

STEP 4: Solve the absolute value

inequality x–4+4<-7+4 or x – 4 +4 > 7+ 4
Isolate the variable “x” by adding both x<-3 or x > 11
sides by 4.

|x - 4| + 2 > 9
|x - 4| > 7
ACTUAL x–4<-7 or x-4>7
SOLUTION x – 4 + 4 < - 7 + 4 or x – 4 +4 > 7+ 4
x <-3 or x > 11

❖ In interval notation, the word “or” is replaced by the symbol “∪” to mean “union
“. The union of sets means that we are putting together the non-overlapping
elements of two or more sets of solutions.
Interval Notation:

Example 3: Solve the absolute value inequality. |4x – 2|  10

STEPS ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE
STEP 1: Let the expression on one Since the equation consist only of a single absolute
side of the equation consist only of a value expression, We’ll move on to step 2.
single absolute value expression. |4x – 2|  10
STEP 2: Is the number on the other No, it’s a positive number, 10. We will move on to
side negative? step 3.
STEP 3: Set up two separate linear The inequality sign in our problem is a greater than
inequalities. or equal to sign, so we will set up the inequality with
the word "or":
4x – 2 ≤ - 10 or 4x - 2  10

STEP 4: Solve the absolute value 4x – 2 ≤ - 10 or 4x - 2  10

inequality
4x – 2 + 2 ≤ - 10 + 2 or 4x – 2 +2  10+ 2
Isolate the variable “x” by adding 𝟒𝒙
≤
−𝟖
𝒐𝒓
𝟒𝒙
≥
𝟏𝟐
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒 𝟒
both sides by 2 and then dividing by
4 (coefficient of x). x ≤-2 or x  3

|4x – 2|  10
4x – 2 ≤ - 10 or 4x - 2  10
ACTUAL 4x – 2 + 2 ≤ - 10 + 2 or 4x – 2 +2  10+ 2
SOLUTION 𝟒𝒙 −𝟖 𝟒𝒙 𝟏𝟐
≤ 𝒐𝒓 ≥
𝟒 𝟒 𝟒 𝟒

x ≤-2 or x  3

❖ For the interval notation, we use the square brackets to include −2 and 3 in the
solution.
Interval notation:

CASE 3:
The absolute value of any number is either zero (0) or positive which can never
be less than or equal to a negative number.

Marites R. Alas, Teacher II, Zamboanga City High School

Dannyl Tipolo, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
Sharel Mae J. Ponce, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
 9

The answer to this case is always NO SOLUTION.

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES: Under case 3
Example 5: Solve the absolute value inequality
❖ If you’re not familiar yet with the different cases, I suggest that you keep a copy
of the list of cases above as a reference. This will help you solve the problems
easily.

❖ The problem suggests that there exists a value of “x” that can make the
statement true. Well, the absolute value of something is always zero or
positive which is never less than a negative number. This statement must be
false, therefore, there is No solution. This is an example of case 3.
Pick some test values to verify:
❖ If x is positive, say, x = 5 ❖ If x is zero

CASE 4:
The absolute value of any number is either zero (0) or positive. It makes sense
that it must always be greater than any negative number.
The answer to this case is always all real numbers.
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES: Under case 4

Example 6: Solve the absolute value inequality. |x – 2| > -1

❖ If you think about it, any values of “x” can make the statement true. Test
some numbers including zero, and any negative or positive number. What do
you get?
❖ Pick some test values to verify:
If x is positive, say, x = 0 If x is positive, say, x = 3
|x – 2| > -1 |3 – 2| > -1
|0 – 2| > -1 |3 – 2| > -1
| – 2| > -1 | 1| > -1
2 > -1 TRUE 1 > -1 TRUE
❖ Remember, the absolute value expression will yield a zero or positive answer
which is always greater than a negative number. Therefore, the answer is all
real numbers. This is case 4.
❖ The answer to this case is always all real numbers.
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES: for graphing absolute value inequality
➢ This example will represent the table above.
Interval
Applying the Properties Number line
Notation

The solutions are all the values

|x| < 3 -3 < x < 3 (-3,3)
of x between −3 and 3 but NOT
including −3 and 3 themselves.
(open- circle)

Marites R. Alas, Teacher II, Zamboanga City High School

Dannyl Tipolo, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
Sharel Mae J. Ponce, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
 10

|x| > 3 x < -3 or x > 3 The solutions are all the values of x
(−∞, −3) ∪ (3, ∞)
less than -3 and all the values of x
greater than 3. NOT including the
values between −3 & 3 and also
themselves. (open- circle)

The solution are all values of x

| x| ≤ 3 -3 ≤ x≤3 [-3,3] between −3 and 7, and
also including the
endpoints −3 and7. (closed-
circle)

|x| ≥ 3 x ≤ - 3 or The solutions are all the values of x

(−∞, −3] ∪ [3, ∞)
x≥ 3 less than -3 and all the values of x
greater than 3. Including −3 & 3
themselves. (closed- circle)

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES: Solve the following.

Example 1: Solve the absolute value inequality
|x + 6 | < 2
SOLUTION: If |x| < k -k<x<k
|x + 6 | < 2
-2 < x + 6 < 2 The goal is to isolate the variable “x” in the middle.
-2 - 6 < x + 6 - 6 < 2 – 6 By subracting 6 both sides
-8 < x < -4

Interval notation: (-8,-4)

Example 2: Solve the absolute value inequality

|3x - 6 | ≤ 15
SOLUTION: If |x| ≤ k -k≤ x ≤k
|3x - 6 | ≤ 15
-15 ≤ 3x - 6 ≤ 15 The goal is to isolate the variable “x” in the middle.
-15 + 6 ≤ 3x - 6 + 6 ≤ 15 + 6 by adding all sides by 6.
-9 ≤ 3x -≤ 21
−𝟗 𝟑𝒙 𝟐𝟏
≤ 𝟑 ≤ 𝟑 and then dividing by 3 (coefficient of x)
𝟑
-3 ≤ x -≤ 7

Interval notation: [ -3, 7 ]

Example 3: Solve the absolute value inequality

|x - 4| > 7
SOLUTION: If |x| > k x < - k or x > k
|x - 4| > 7
x – 4 < - 7 or x - 4 > 7 The goal is to isolate the variable “x”.

Marites R. Alas, Teacher II, Zamboanga City High School

Dannyl Tipolo, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
Sharel Mae J. Ponce, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
 11

x – 4 + 4 < - 7 + 4 or x – 4 + 4 > 7+ 4 by adding both sides by 4.

x < - 3 or x > 11
Interval notation: (−∞, −3) ∪ (11, ∞)

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EQUATION, ALGEBRAIC

G EQUATION AND INEQUALITY
• An equation is a mathematical sentence that describes two equal quantities.
Equations contain equals signs.
• An algebraic equation contains numbers, variables, operations, and an equal
sign.
• An inequality compares two values which shows if one is greater than (>), less
than (<) or simply not equal (≠).

Here’s a list of phrases than can mean:

< (less than) > (greater than) ≠ (not equal to)

is less than more than is not equal to
is under above is not the same as
is below over is different/differs from
shorter/smaller than larger than
fewer than exceeds/increased
beneath longer than
a better deal is higher than

≥ (greater than or equal to) ≤ (less than or equal to)

at least at most
minimum maximum
top bottom
is no less than is no more than

HOW TO SOLVE WORD PROBLEMS INVOLVING

H EQUATIONS IN ONE VARIABLE?
The following is a list of suggestions when solving word problems.
1. Read the problem cautiously. Make sure that you understand the meaning of the
words used.
2. Choose the variable to represent the unknown number in the problem (like t if
time is an unknown quantity). This is called defining the variable.
3. Formulate an equation or inequality.
4. Solve the equation formulated.
5. Check answers by going back to the original statement of the problem and not on
the equation formulated.
Example: 1
Margie is 3 times older than Lily, in 15 years, the sum of their ages is 38. Find their
present ages.
STEP 1: Identify what we are looking for and choose a variable to represent that
quantity.
Let x be the age of Lily, in 15 years Lori’s age will be x + 15
Let 3x be the age of Margie, in 15 years Margie’s age will be 3x + 15

Marites R. Alas, Teacher II, Zamboanga City High School

Dannyl Tipolo, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
Sharel Mae J. Ponce, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
 12

Representation
Present Age Age in 15 years
Lily x x + 15
Margie 3x 3x + 15
STEP 2: Translate into an equation.
(x + 15) + (3x + 15) = 38
STEP 3: Solve the equation.
(x + 15) + (3x + 15) = 38
4x + 30 = 38
4x + 30 – 30 = 38 – 30
4x = 8
4 4
x=2
STEP 4: Check the answer in the problem and make sure it makes sense.
Margie is 6 which is 3 times older than Lily who’s only 2 years old. In 15
years, their ages will be 21 and 17.
Representation
Present Age Age in 15 years
x + 15
Lily x=2
2 + 15 = 17
3x + 15
3x
Margie 3(2) + 15
3(2) =6
6 + 15 = 21
The sum of their ages is 38.
17 + 21 = 38
STEP 5: Answer the question with complete sentence.
Lily’s age now is 2 while Margie’s age is 3(2) = 6.

SAQ-1: How do we solve linear equations in one variable?

SAQ-2: Explain why the equation /𝑥 − 3/ = −4 has no solution.

Let’s Practice! (Write your answers on separate sheets.)

ACTIVITY
TERM 1
Directions: Identify the property shown in each sentence.
1. If 3 · 4 = 12 and 12 = 2 · 6. then 3 · 4 = 2 · 6 ________________________
2. 12 = 12 ________________________
3. If a + 2 = 8, then a + 2 + (–2) = 8 + (–2) ________________________
4. If 1 + 5 = 6, then 6 = 1 + 5 ________________________
1 1
5. If 3x = 10, then 3 (3𝑥 ) = 3 (10) ________________________

ACTIVITY
TERM 2
Directions: Fill in the blanks to complete the table below.
Tips: learn the rules/properties and apply it correctly.

Properties Interval notation Number line

________ → −5 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 5
|𝑥 | > 2 → __________ (−∞, −2) ∪ (2, ∞)

Marites R. Alas, Teacher II, Zamboanga City High School

Dannyl Tipolo, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
Sharel Mae J. Ponce, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
 13

|𝑥 | ≥ 4 → __________
______ → ___________ (−6,6)

REMEMBER
Key Points
⚫ In solving linear equations:
1. Simplify the algebraic expressions on each side.
2. Collect all the variable terms on one side and all the numbers, or constant
terms, on the other side.
3. Separate the variable and solve.
4. Check the proposed solution in the original/given equation.

⚫ In solving linear inequalities:

1. Solve just like an equation.
2. Get the variable alone on one side.
3. Remember if you multiply or divide by a negative number to get the variable alone,
reverse (change) the inequality symbol.

⚫ Linear Inequalities usually has an infinite number of solutions. We first identify the
initial value of x and encircle, if the symbol is:
a. " < ", we leave the circle open and shade the line to the left of the initial value of x.
b. “≤ ", we shade the circle and the line to the left of the initial value of x.
c. " > ", we leave the circle open and shade the line to the right of the initial value of x.
d. “≥ ", we shade the circle and the line to the right of the initial value of x.

⚫ Property of absolute value

⚫ If |x| = a, then x = a or –x = a, that is x = a or x = -a
⚫ If |x| < a, and a > 0 then –a < x < a.
⚫ If |x| > a, and a > 0 then x < -a or x > a.

An equation or inequality where the variable appears within absolute value

symbols is an absolute value equation or inequality.

Solving Absolute Value Inequalities

For any positive value of a:
|x|≤ 𝑎 is equivalent to -a ≤ 𝑥 ≤ a (this rule also applies for |x| < 𝑎)
|x|≥ 𝑎 is equivalent to x ≤ −a or x ≥ a (this rule also applies for |x| > 𝑎)
⚫ x can be a single variable or any algebraic expression. Once you catch on to
how these inequalities work, this stuff really isn't so bad.

⚫ Identifying the graphs of absolute value inequalities

⚫ If the absolute value of the variable is less than the constant term, then the
resulting graph will be a segment between two points.
⚫ In solving an equation, one must follow the suggested steps.

Marites R. Alas, Teacher II, Zamboanga City High School

Dannyl Tipolo, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
Sharel Mae J. Ponce, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
 14

TRY
Let’s see how much you have learned today!

Assessment 1
Directions: Match the linear equations in Column A with the solution or value of x or y
in Column B. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer.

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. 𝑥+9=4 a. –1
2. −4 + 3𝑥 = 5 b. 1
3. 9𝑦 − 2 − 10 + 𝑦 c. 3
4. 8𝑥 = 16𝑥 + 24 d. –3
5. −6𝑥 = −30 e. 5
f. -5

Assessment 2
Directions: Match each inequality in Column A with its graph in column B by drawing
a line. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

1. 𝑥 − 3 ≥ 6 a.

2. 4𝑦 > −24 b.

3. 2(𝑥 + 7) ≥ −14 c.

4. 3𝑥 − 5 < 1 d.

5. −3𝑎 ≥ 9 e.

Assessment 3
Directions: Solve the following problems. Show your complete solutions.
1. Carol is five times as old as her brother. She will be three times as old as her
brother in two years. How old is Carol now?

2. Find five consecutive odd integers whose sum is 65.

3. Maria won a gift certificate worth Php 400.00 and like to share her winnings to
the class by buying notebooks for the entire class. The notebooks she would
like to buy costs Php 15.25 each. What is the maximum number of notebooks
can Maria buy?
4. Liza has Php 200 to spend on juice boxes for her son’s party. Each pack of
juice boxes cost Php 60.00. What is the maximum number of packs can she
buy?

Marites R. Alas, Teacher II, Zamboanga City High School

Dannyl Tipolo, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
Sharel Mae J. Ponce, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
 15

“Chapter 2 Linear Equations and Inequalities in One Variable. -

Ppt Download.” SlidePlayer. Accessed June 30, 2020.
https://slideplayer.com/slide/10717422/.
REFERENCE/S
“Sayings about Honesty: Honesty Quotes for Kids, Quotes on
Honesty for KidsA Quotes: Honesty Quotes, Quotes for Kids,
Sincerity Quotes.” Pinterest. Accessed July 1, 2020.
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/39125090486329501/.
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LEARNING RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT TEAM
MARITES R. ALAS
DANNYL TIPOLO
WRITERS
SHAREL MAE J. PONCE
Zamboanga City High School
LAYOUT ARTIST Abdurauf J. Baldomero
Dr. Salvador C. Bucoy Haifa D. Ternida
LEARNING TEAM/ Reneboy F. Gutierrez Abdurauf J. Baldomero
EVALUATORS Shirley U. Yap Francis Michael E. Francisco
Divine T. De Guzman Anthony S. Ramillano
MANAGEMENT Dr. Roy C. Tuballa, CESO VI Dr. Mildred D. Dayao
AND SPECIALIST Dr. Oliver B. Talaoc Dr. Vilma A. Brown

“Unido, Junto avanza con el EduKalidad Cree, junto junto puede!”

Marites R. Alas, Teacher II, Zamboanga City High School

Dannyl Tipolo, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School
Sharel Mae J. Ponce, Teacher I, Zamboanga City High School