Technical Data

7. Bearing Fits
7.1 Interference
For rolling bearings the bearing rings are fixed on the shaft or 2) Temperature rise and interference
in the housing so that slip or movement does not occur between
the mated surface during operation or under load. This relative To prevent loosening of the inner ring on steel shafts
movement (sometimes called creep) between the fitted due to temperature increases (difference between
surfaces of the bearing and the shaft or housing can occur in bearing temperature and ambient temperature) caused
a radial direction, or in an axial direction, or in the direction of by bearing rotation, an interference fit must be given.
rotation. This creeping movment under load causes damage The required amount of interference can be found by
to the bearing rings, shaft or housing in the form of abrasive formula (7.3).
wear, fretting corrosion or friction crack. This, in turn, can also ∆ dT = 0.0015 • d • ∆T LLLLLLLLL(7.3)
lead to abrasive particles getting into the bearing, which can
cause vibration, excessive heat, and lowered rotational where,
efficiency. To ensure that slip does not occur between the fitted ∆dT : Required effective interference (for temperature)
surfaces of the bearing rings and the shaft or housing, the µm
bearing is usually installed with an interference fit. ∆T : Difference between bearing temperature and
The most effective interference fit is called a tight fit (or shrink ambient temperature °C
fit). The advantage of this “tight fit” for thin walled bearings is d : Bearing bore diameter mm
that it provides uniform load support over the entire ring 3) Effective interference and apparent interference
circumference without any loss in load carrying capacity.
The effective interference (the actual interference after
However, with a tight interference fit, ease of mounting and fitting) is different from the apparent interference derived
dismounting the bearings is lost; and when using a non- from the dimensions measured value. This difference is
separable bearing as a non-fixing bearing, axial displacement due to the roughness or slight variations of the mating
is impossible. surfaces, and this slight flattening of the uneven surfaces
at the time of fitting is taken into consideration. The
7.2 Calculation of interference relation between the effective and apparent interference,
which varies according to the finish given to the mating
1) Load and interference surfaces, is expressed by formula (7.4).
The minimum required amount of interference for inner ∆deff = ∆d f − G LLLLLLLLLLL(7.4)
rings mounted on solid shafts when acted on by radial
loads, is found by formula (7.1) and (7.2). where,
∆deff : Effective interference µm
When Fr ≤ 0.3Cor
∆df : Apparent interference µm
d • Fr
∆ dF = 0.08 LLLLLLL(7.1) G =1.0~2.5 µm for ground shaft
B
When Fr > 0.3Cor =5.0~7.0 µm for turned shaft

Fr 4) Maximum interference
∆ dF = 0.02 LLLLLLLLL(7.2)
B When bearing rings are installed with an interference fit
on shafts or housings, the tension or compression stress
where, may occur. If the interference is too large, it may cause
damage to the bearing rings and reduce the fatigue life
∆ dF : Required effective interference (for load) µm
of the bearing. For these reasons, the maximum amount
d : Nominal bore diameter mm
of interference should be less than 1/1000 of the shaft
B : Inner ring width mm
diameter, or outside diameter.
Fr : Radial load N
Cor : Basic static rated load N

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7.3 Fit selection
Selection of the proper fit is generally based on the following In applications where high rotational accuracy must be
factors: 1) the direction and nature of the bearing load, 2) maintained, high precision bearings and high tolerance shafts
whether the inner ring or outer ring rotates, 3) whether the and housings should be employed instead of a tighter
load on the inner or outer ring rotates or not, 4) whether there interference fit to ensure bearing stability. High interference
is static load or direction indeterminate load or not. For bearings fits should be avoided if possible as they cause shaft or housing
under rotating loads or direction indeterminate loads, a tight fit deformities to be induced into the bearing rings, and thus
is recommended; but for static loads, a transition fit or loose fit reduce bearing rotational accuracy.
should be sufficient (see Table 7.1). Because mounting and dismounting become very difficult when
The interference should be tighter for heavy bearing loads or both the inner ring and outer ring of a non-separable bearing
vibration and shock load conditions. Also, a tighter than normal (for example a deep groove ball bearing) are given tight
fit should be given when the bearing is installed on hollow interference fits, one or the other rings should be given a loose
shafts or in housings with thin walls, or housings made of light fit.
allows or plastic.

Table 7.1 Radial load and bearing fit

Bearing rotation and load Illustration Ring load Fit
Static
Inner ring : Rotating load
Outer ring : Stationary Rotating
inner ring Inner ring : Tight fit
Load load
direction : Constant

Unbalanced
load
Inner ring : Stationary
Static outer Outer ring : Loose fit
Outer ring : Rotating ring load
Load Rotates with
direction : outer ring

Static
Inner ring : Stationary load
Outer ring : Rotating Static inner
Load ring load Inner ring : Loose fit
direction : Constant

Unbalanced
load
Inner ring : Rotating
Outer ring : Stationary Rotating
Load Rotates with outer ring Outer ring : Tight fit
load
direction : outer ring

A-55
Technical Data

7.4 Recommended fits

Metric size standard dimension tolerances for bearing shaft Housing
C7 H8
diameters and housing bore diameters are governed by ISO C6
H7
H6
286 and JIS B 0401 (dimension tolerances and fits). class 0 J6 J7

Accordingly, bearing fits are determined by the precision ∆Dmp

K6 K7

(dimensional tolerance) of the shaft diameter and housing bore M6 M7

N6 N7
diameter. Widely used fits for various shaft and housing bore
P6 P7
diameter tolerances, and bearing bore and outside diameters
are shown in Fig. 7.1.
Loose fit Transition fit Tight fit
Generally-used, recommended fits relating to the primary
factors of bearing shape, dimensions, and load conditions are
listed in Tables 7.2 through 7.5. Table 7.6 gives the numerical Types of fits
values for housing and shaft fits.
Transition fit Tight fit
The bore and outside diameter tolerances and tolerance ranges
for inch and metric tapered roller bearings are different. p6

n5 n6
Recommended fits and numerical values for inch tapered roller class 0 m5 m6
k6
bearings are shown in Table 7.8. For special fits or applications, k5
j5 j6
please consult NTN. ∆dmp h5 h6
g5 g6

Shafts

Fig. 7.1

Table 7.2 General standards for radial bearing fits (JIS class 0, 6, 6X)
Table 7.2 (1) Housing fits

Housing type Load condition Housing fits

All load conditions H7
Solid or split Outer ring static load
Heat conducted through shaft G7
housing
Light to normal JS7
Direction
Normal to heavy load K7
indeterminate load
Heavy shock load M7
Solid housing Light or variable load M7
Outer ring Normal to heavy load N7
rotating load Heavy load (thin wall housing)
Heavy shock load P7

Note: Fits apply to cast iron or steel housings. For light alloy housings, a tighter fit than listed is normally required.

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Table 7.2 (2) Shaft fit
Cylindrical and
Spherical roller
Ball bearings tapered roller
bearings
Bearing type Load conditions bearings Shaft fits
Shaft diameter
mm
~ 18 — — h5
Light or 18~100 ~ 40 — js6
fluctuating
variable load 100~200 40~140 — k6
— 140~200 — m6
~ 18 — — js5
Rotating 18~100 ~ 40 ~ 40 k5
inner ring
100~140 40~100 40~65 m5
or
Normal to 140~200 100~140 65~100 m6
indeterminate
heavy load
direction 200~280 140~200 100~140 n6
load
Cylindrical — 200~400 140~280 p6
bore bearings — — 280~500 r6
— 50~140 50~100 n6
Very heavy or
— 140~200 100~140 p6
shock load
— 200~ 140~ r6

Inner ring axial

displacement All shaft diameters g6
Static required
inner ring
Easy axial
load
displacement of
All shaft diameters h6
inner ring not
required

Tapered bore
bearings All load All shaft diameters h9/IT5
(With sleeve)

Note: 1. All values and fits listed are for solid steel shafts.
2. For radial bearings under axial loads, all shaft tolerance range classes are js6.
3. Load classifications are as follows:
LIght load: Pr≤0.06 Cr
Normal load: 0.06 Cr<Pr≤0.12 Cr
Heavy load: Pr>0.12 Cr
where,
Pr: Bearing equivalent load
Cr: Bearing basic dynamic load rating

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Technical Data

Table 7.3 Solid type needle roller bearing fits

Table 7.3 (1) Shaft fit Table 7.3 (2) Housing fit

Conditions Housing
Conditions
Shaft Shaft fits
Load
Scale of load diameter fits Normal to heavy load J7
type Static inner
d mm ring load Normal loads with split housings H7
Light load ~ 50 j5
Light loads M7
Rotating ~ 50 k5 Outer ring
inner ring rotating Normal loads N7
or Normal load 50~150 m5 load
Heavy and normal loads P7
indeterminate 150~ m6
direction Light loads J7
~ 150 m6 Direction
load Heavy load indeterminate Normal load K7
and shock load 150~ n6 load
Very heavy or shock load M7
Medium & low High demands on running accuracy
speed revolution, All sizes g6 K6
with light load
Static light load
inner ring
load General application All sizes h6

When high rotation

All sizes h5
accuracy is required

Table 7.4 Standard fits for thrust bearings

Table 7.4 (1) Shaft fits
Load conditions Shaft diameter Shaft fits
“Pure” axial load (All thrust bearings) All sizes js6
Static inner ring loads All sizes js6
Combined load: ~200 k6
spherical roller Inner ring rotating load or
thrust bearings direction indeterminate 200~400 m6
400~ n6

Table 7.4 (2) Housing fits

Load conditions Housing fits Remarks

Clearance given between

—
When another bearing is used outer ring and housing
“Pure” axial load:
All thrust bearings to support radial load
Accuracy required with
H8 thrust ball bearings

Static outer ring load H7 —

Combined load:
spherical roller Outer ring rotating load or K7 Normal usage conditions
thrust bearings direction indeterminate load M7 Relatively heavy

A-58
Table 7.5 Fits for electric motor bearings
Deep groove ball bearings Cylindrical roller bearings
Shaft or Shaft or housing bore Shaft or housing bore
housing diameter mm Fits diameter mm Fits
over incl. over incl.
— 18 j5 — 40 k5
Shaft 18 100 k5 40 160 m5
100 160 m5 160 200 n5
Housing All Sizes H6 or J6 All sizes H6 or J6

A-59
Technical Data

Table 7.6 Fitting values for radial bearings, Class 0

Table 7.6 (1) Shaft fit

Nominal bore g5 g6 h5 h6 j5 js5 j6

diameter of
bearing
∆ dmp bearing shaft bearing shaft bearing shaft bearing shaft bearing shaft bearing shaft bearing shaft

d
(mm)
over incl. high low

3 6 0 –8 4T~9L 4T~12L 8T~5L 8T~8L 11T~2L 10.5T~2.5L 14T~2L

6 10 0 –8 3T~11L 3T~14L 8T~6L 8T~9L 12T~2L 11T~3L 15T~2L
10 18 0 –8 2T~14L 2T~17L 8T~8L 8T~11L 13T~3L 12T~4L 16T~3L
18 30 0 –10 3T~16L 3T~20L 10T~9L 10T~13L 15T~4L 14.5T~4.5L 19T~4L
30 50 0 –12 3T~20L 3T~25L 12T~11L 12T~16L 18T~5L 17.5T~5.5L 23T~5L
50 80 0 –15 5T~23L 5T~29L 15T~13L 15T~19L 21T~7L 21.5T~6.5L 27T~7L
80 120 0 –20 8T~27L 8T~34L 20T~15L 20T~22L 26T~9L 27.5T~7.5L 33T~9L
120 140
140 160 0 –25 11T~32L 11T~39L 25T~18L 25T~25L 32T~11L 34T~9L 39T~11L
160 180
180 200
200 225 0 –30 15T~35L 15T~44L 30T~20L 30T~29L 37T~13L 40T~10L 46T~13L
225 250
250 280
0 –35 18T~40L 18T~49L 35T~23L 35T~32L 42T~16L 46.5T~11.5L 51T~16L
280 315
315 355
0 –40 22T~43L 22T~54L 40T~25L 40T~36L 47T~18L 52.5T~12.5L 58T~18L
355 400
400 450
0 –45 25T~47L 25T~60L 45T~27L 45T~40L 52T~20L 58.5T~13.5L 65T~20L
450 500

Table 7.6 (2) Housing fit

Nominal bore G7 H6 H7 J6 J7 Js7 K6

diameter of
bearing
∆ dmp housing bearing housing bearing housing bearing housing bearing housing bearing housing bearing housing bearing

D
(mm)
over incl. high low

6 10 0 –8 5L~28L 0~17L 0~23L 4T~13L 7T~16L 7.5T~15.5L 7T~10L

10 18 0 –8 6L~32L 0~19L 0~26L 5T~14L 8T~18L 9T~17L 9T~10L
18 30 0 –9 7L~37L 0~22L 0~30L 5T~17L 9T~21L 10.5T~19.5L 11T~11L
30 50 0 –11 9L~45L 0~27L 0~36L 6T~21L 11T~25L 12.5T~23.5L 13T~14L
50 80 0 –13 10L~53L 0~32L 0~43L 6T~26L 12T~31L 15T~28L 15T~17L
80 120 0 –15 12L~62L 0~37L 0~50L 6T~31L 13T~37L 17.5T~32.5L 18T~19L
120 150 0 –18 14L~72L 0~43L 0-~58L 7T~36L 14T~44L 20T~38L 21T~22L
150 180 0 –25 14L~79L 0~50L 0~65L 7T~43L 14T~51L 20T~45L 21T~29L
180 250 0 –30 15L~91L 0~59L 0~76L 7T~52L 16T~60L 23T~53L 24T~35L
250 315 0 –35 17L~104L 0~67L 0~87L 7T~60L 16T~71L 26T~61L 27T~40L
315 400 0 –40 18L~115L 0~76L 0~97L 7T~69L 18T~79L 28.5T~68.5L 29T~47L
400 500 0 –45 20L~128L 0~85 0~108 7T~78L 20T~88L 31.5T~76.5L 32T~53L

A-60
 Unit µm

js6 k5 k6 m5 m6 n6 p6 r6
bearing shaft bearing shaft bearing shaft bearing shaft bearing shaft bearing shaft bearing shaft bearing shaft

12T~4L 14T~1T 17T~1T 17T~4T 20T~4T 24T~8T 28T~12T —

12.5T~4.5L 15T~1T 18T~1T 20T~6T 23T~6T 27T~10T 32T~15T —
13.5T~5.5L 17T~1T 20T~1T 23T~7T 26T~7T 31T~12T 37T~18T —
16.5T~6.5L 21T~2T 25T~2T 27T~8T 31T~8T 38T~15T 45T~22T —
20T~8L 25T~2T 30T~2T 32T~9T 37T~9T 45T~17T 54T~26T —
24.5T~9.5L 30T~2T 36T~2T 39T~11T 45T~11T 54T~20T 66T~32T —
31T~11L 38T~3T 45T~3T 48T~13T 55T~13T 65T~23T 79T~37T —
113T~63T
37.5T~12.5L 46T~3T 53T~3T 58T~15T 65T~15T 77T~27T 93T~43T 115T~65T
118T~68T
136T~77T
44.5T~14.5T 54T~4T 63T~4T 67T~17T 76T~17T 90T~31T 109T~50T 139T~80T
143T~84T
161T~94T
51T~16L 62T~4T 71T~4T 78T~20T 87T~20T 101T~34T 123T~56T
165T~98T
184T~108T
58T~18L 69T~4T 80T~4T 86T~21T 97T~21T 113T~37T 138T~62T
190T~114T
211T~126T
65T~20L 77T~5T 90T~4T 95T~23T 108T~23T 125T~40T 153T~68T
217T~132T

Unit µm

K7 M7 N7 P7
housing bearing housing bearing housing bearing housing bearing

10T~13L 15T~8L 19T~4L 24T~1T

12T~14L 18T~8L 23T~3L 29T~3T
15T~15L 21T~9L 28T~2L 35T~5T
18T~18L 25T~11L 33T~3L 42T~6T
21T~22L 30T~13L 39T~4L 51T~8T
25T~25L 35T~15L 45T~5L 59T~9T
28T~30L 40T~18L 52T~6L 68T~10T
28T~37L 40T~25L 52T~13L 68T~3T
33T~43L 46T~30L 60T~16L 79T~3T
36T~51L 52T~35L 66T~21L 88T~1T
40T~57L 57T~40L 73T~24L 98T~1T
45T~63L 63T~45L 80T~28L 108T~0

A-61
Technical Data

Table 7.7 Fits for inch series tapered roller bearing (ANSI class 4)
Unit µm
Table 7.7 (1) Fit with shaft 0.0001 inch

Shaft diameter Cone bore tolerance2) Shaft tolerance Extreme fits3)

Load conditions d mm, inch ∆dS
over incl. high low high low max min

— 76.200 +13 0 +38 +26 38T~13T

Normal loads, — 3.0000 +5 0 +15 +10 15T~5T
cone load

no shock 76.200 304.800 +25 0 +64 +38 64T~13T

Rotating

3.0000 12.0000 +10 0 +25 +15 25T~5T

— 76.200 +13 0 Use average tight cone fit of 0.5µm/mm,

Heavy loads or — 3.0000 +5 0
(0.0005 inch/inch) of cone bore, use a
shock loads 76.200 304.800 +25 0
3.0000 12.0000 +10 0 minimum fit of 25µm, 0.0010 inch tight.

Cone axial — 76.200 +13 0 0 –13 0~26L

— 3.0000 +5 0 0 –5 0~10L
displacement on
Stationary
cone load

76.200 304.800 +25 0 0 –25 0~51L

shaft necessary1) 3.0000 12.0000 +10 0 0 –10 0~20L

Cone axial — 76.200 +13 0 +13 0 13T~13L

— 3.0000 +5 0 +5 0 5T~5L
displacement on
76.200 304.800 +25 0 +25 0 25T~25L
shaft unnecessary 3.0000 12.0000 +10 0 +10 0 10T~10L

1) Applies only to ground shafts.

2) For bearings with negation deviation indicated in bearing tables, same fit applies.
3) T=tight, L=loose, d=cone bore, mm, inch
Note: For bearings higher than class 2, consult NTN.

Unit µm
Table 7.7 (2) Fit with housing 0.0001 inch

Housing bore Cup O.D. tolerance1) Housing bore Extreme fits2)

Load conditions diameter mm, inch tolerance
over incl. high low high low max min
— 76.200 +25 0 +76 +50 25L~76L
Light and normal — 3.0000 +10 0 +30 +20 10L~30L

loads: cup easily 76.200 127.000 +25 0 +76 +50 25L~76L

3.0000 5.0000 +10 0 +30 +20 10L~30L
axially displaceable 127.000 304.800 +25 0 +76 +50 25L~76L
Stationary cup load

5.0000 12.0000 +10 0 +30 +20 10L~30L

— 76.200 +25 0 +25 0 25T~25L

Light and normal — 3.0000 +10 0 +10 0 10T~10L

loads: cup axially 76.200 127.000 +25 0 +25 0 25T~25L

3.0000 5.0000 +10 0 +10 0 10T~10L
adjustable 127.000 304.800 +25 0 +51 0 25T~51L
5.0000 12.0000 +10 0 +20 0 10T~20L

— 76.200 +25 0 –13 –39 64T~13T

— 3.0000 +10 0 –5 –15 25T~5T
Heavy loads: cup
76.200 127.000 +25 0 –25 –51 76T~25T
not axially 3.0000 5.0000 +10 0 –10 –20 30T~10T
displaceable 127.000 304.800 +25 0 –25 –51 76T~25T
5.0000 12.0000 +10 0 –10 –20 30T~10T

— 76.200 +25 0 –13 –39 64T~13T

cup load
Rotating

— 3.0000 +10 0 –5 –15 25T~5T

Cup not axially 76.200 127.000 +25 0 –25 –51 76T~25T
displaceable 3.0000 5.0000 +10 0 –10 –20 30T~10T
127.000 304.800 +25 0 –25 –51 76T~25T
5.0000 12.0000 +10 0 –10 –20 30T~10T

1) For bearings with negation deviation indicated in bearing tables, same fit applies.
2) T=tight, L=loose
Note: For bearings higher than class 2, consult NTN.
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Table 7.8 Fits for inch series tapered roller bearing (ANSI classes 3 and 0)
Unit µm
Table 7.8 (1) Fit with shaft 0.0001 inch

Shaft diameter Cone bore2) Shaft tolerance Extreme fits3)

Load conditions mm, inch tolerance
over incl. high low high low max min
precision machine — 304.800 +13 0 +31 +18 31T~5T
— 12.0000 +5 0 +12 +7 12T~2T
cone load

tool spindles
Rotating

— 76.200 +13 0
heavy loads, or high — 3.0000 +5 0 Use minimum tight cone fit of 0.25µm/mm
speed or shock 76.200 304.800 +13 0 0.00025 inch/inch) of cone bore.
3.0000 12.0000 +5 0
Stationary
cone load

precision machine — 304.800 +13 0 +31 +18 31T~5T

tool spindles — 12.0000 +5 0 +12 +7 36T~2T

Note: Must be applied for maximum bore dia. 241.300mm (9.500 inch) in case of class 0 product.
Note 1) T=tight, L=loose
2) Must be applied for maximum cup OD 304.800mm (12.000 inch) case of class 0 product.

Unit µm
Table 7.8 (2) Fit with housing 0.0001 inch

Housing bore Cup O.D. tolerance Housing bore Extreme fits2)

Load conditions diameter mm, inch tolerance
over incl. high low high low max min
— 152.400 +13 0 +38 +26 13L~38L
— 6.0000 +5 0 +15 +10 5L~15L
Floating 152.400 304.800 +13 0 +38 +26 13L~38L
6.0000 12.0000 +5 0 +15 +10 5L~14L
Stationary cup load

— 152.400 +13 0 +25 +13 0~25L

— 6.0000 +5 0 +10 +5 0~10L
Clamped
152.400 304.800 +13 0 +25 +13 0~25L
6.0000 12.0000 +5 0 +10 +5 0~10L

— 152.400 +13 0 +13 0 13T~13L

— 6.0000 +5 0 +5 0 5T~5L
Adjustable
152.400 304.800 +13 0 +25 0 13T~25L
6.0000 12.0000 +5 0 +10 0 5T~10L

— 152.400 +13 0 0 –12 25T~0

Nonadjustable — 6.0000 +5 0 0 –5 10T~0
or in carriers 152.400 304.800 +13 0 0 –25 38T~0
6.0000 12.0000 +5 0 0 –10 15~0
cup load
Rotating

— 152.400 +13 0 –13 –25 38T~13T

Nonadjustable — 6.0000 +5 0 –5 –10 15T~5T
or in carriers 152.400 304.800 +13 0 –13 –38 51T~13T
6.0000 12.0000 +5 0 –5 –15 20T~5T

Note 1) T=tight, L=loose

2) Must be applied for maximum cup OD 304.800mm (12.000 inch) case of class 0 product.

A-63