Food Handler Training Presentation
Food Handler Training Presentation
Food Handler Training Presentation
Online Presentation
Outline
Public Health Laws Wash, Rinse and Sanitize
Role of the Food Personal Hygiene
Handler Safe Food Handling
Types of Inspections Practices
Micro‐organisms HACCP: A Food Safety
Food Contamination System
Foodborne Illness Taking Care of a Food
Food Allergies Premises
Pest Prevention
Review Questions
Public Health Laws
There are three public health laws that impact food safety:
1. The Health Protection and Promotion Act
• gives Public Health Inspectors in Ontario the responsibility to make
sure food premises are meeting safe standards
2. The Food Premises Regulation
• sets the minimum health standards for all food premises in Ontario
3. The Food Safety Disclosure By‐law
• local Region of Peel law makes food safety inspection results
available to the public using FoodCheck Peel’s website and signs that
are posted at the entrance of food premises
Public Health Laws:
FoodCheck Peel Signs
As a food handler, you are responsible for:
Making sure food is handled safely
Contacting your local health department
if someone becomes sick from eating at
your food premises
1. Compliance Inspections: Inspectors make sure standards in the
Food Premises Regulation are followed. The number of inspections in one
year depends on the risk level given to the food premises.
High risk premises are inspected 3 times a year
Medium risk premises are inspected 2 times a year
Low Risk premises are inspected 1 time a year
2. HACCP Audits: Inspectors set up an appointment to watch how food
is handled from receiving to serving.
Micro-organisms
Foodborne illness is often caused by micro‐organisms which
are very small forms of life. Four types of micro‐organisms
include:
Bacteria need 3 things to grow:
1. Hazardous Food which is usually high
in protein and moist
2. Temperature in the Danger Zone
between 4°C ‐ 60°C
3. Time‐ the longer a hazardous food stays inside the temperature danger
zone (4°C ‐ 60°C), the more quickly bacteria grow making the food unsafe
to eat
Micro-organisms:
How does temperature affect bacteria?
At 74C (165F) and hotter, bacteria will die.
At ‐18C (0F) and colder, bacteria do not grow but are still
alive. This is called the freezer temperature.
Micro-organisms:
How does time affect bacteria?
Bacteria double in number every 10 to 20
minutes in the temperature danger zone.
Lets see what happens to one bacteria cell in
2 hours and 45 minutes.
00:00 = 1 Bacterium
00:15 = 2 Bacteria
00:30 = 4 Bacteria
00:45 = 8 Bacteria
01:00 = 16 Bacteria
01:15 = 32 Bacteria
01:30 = 64 Bacteria
01:45 = 128 Bacteria
02:00 = 256 Bacteria
02:15 = 512 Bacteria
02:30 = 1024 Bacteria
Make sure that hazardous food is not in
the temperature danger zone for more
than two hours
Escherichia coli
There are three types of contaminants:
1. Biological (Micro‐organisms)
• Bacteria, Viruses, Parasites, Mould
2. Chemicals
• Pesticides, Cleaning Products
3. Physical Objects
• Hair, glass, bandages
Food Contamination
Contamination can happen in 3 ways:
1. Food spreading contaminants to other food
Prevent food‐to‐food contamination by:
Storing raw food separately (especially raw
meats/poultry/seafood) and on the lowest shelves
of a fridge or freezer
Storing cooked food and food that need to be
reheated on middle shelves of a fridge or freezer
Storing food that is ready to eat on the highest
shelves of a fridge or freezer
Preparing raw, cooked and ready to eat food
separately
Food Contamination
2. Equipment spreading contaminants to other food
Prevent equipment‐to‐food contamination by:
Using different equipment (dishes, utensils, surfaces) when
preparing raw food, cooked food, and ready‐to‐eat food
Wash rinse and sanitize equipment in between uses
Food Contamination
3. People spreading contaminants to other food
Prevent people‐to‐food contamination by:
Washing your hands often
Covering cuts/injuries on hands with a clean bandage and glove
Not working when sick (especially with diarrhea or vomiting)
Not eating food or chew gum while working with food
Wearing a hat, hair tie, or hairnet to keep hair away from food
Not scratching, sneezing or coughing near food
Not putting fingers in mouth, nose, or hair
Using clean utensils instead of hands to handle food
Tasting food using a clean spoon or bowl to taste
Foodborne Illness
There are three types of Foodborne Illness:
1. Foodborne Infection
Illness caused by eating food containing harmful microorganisms
Ex. Salmonella, Campylobacter
2. Foodborne Intoxication
Illness caused by food contaminated with a toxin
Ex. Ciguatera fish poisoning, Staphylococcus aureus
3. Chemical Intoxication
Illness caused by eating food containing manufactured chemicals
Ex. Pesticides, cleaners
Foodborne Illness:
Symptoms
1. Foodborne Infection
Symptoms include cramps, fever and diarrhea
Symptoms show several hours to a few days after
eating contaminated food
2. Foodborne Intoxication
Symptoms include vomiting
Symptoms show a few minutes to a few hours
after eating contaminated food
3. Chemical Intoxication
Symptoms include vomiting, headache, dizziness, dry/burning throat and/or
severe allergic reactions
Symptoms show immediately to a few minutes after eating contaminated food
Foodborne Illness
The main cause of foodborne illness is
hazardous food kept in the temperature danger zone for
more than 2 hours
Food handlers must use probe
thermometers to measure the internal
temperature of food to make sure food
is being stored, prepared, cooked and
held at safe temperatures.
Food Allergies
Food allergies are immune system reactions that some
people have to certain foods.
People with food allergies must avoid those
food ingredients which cause their allergy such as
peanuts, tree nuts, seafood, wheat, soy or milk
Anaphylactic Shock is a life threatening allergic reaction
that lowers blood pressure and causes swelling in the
lungs or throat leading to suffocation
Provide your customers with the
correct ingredient information.
Wash, Rinse and Sanitize
It is important to clean dishes, utensils, surfaces and equipment to get rid of
micro‐organisms that cause foodborne illness.
Cleaning involves 3 important steps:
1. Washing: Washing means removing leftover food, waste and grease using
hot water and soap or dish detergent.
2. Rinsing: Rinsing means taking off the soap using clean hot water.
3. Sanitizing: Sanitizing means lowering the number of harmful
microorganism to reduce the risk of foodborne illness.
The two ways to sanitize include using Heat or Chemicals
Wash, Rinse and Sanitize:
Heat and Chemical Sanitizing
Using Heat to Sanitize
• With an industrial dishwasher, the water must be at least 82C (180F) or hotter
during the sanitizing cycle and must be sprayed onto the dishes for at least 10
seconds
• When sanitizing without a dishwasher, the temperature of the water must be at least
77C (171F) and be in contact with the items for at least 45 seconds
Using Chemicals to Sanitize
• You are allowed to use one of the following solutions:
• Chlorine solution , which is also known as sodium hypochlorite or bleach, at
100 ppm
• Quaternary ammonium solution (quats) at 200 ppm
• Iodine solution at 25 ppm
• It is important to mix the right amount (ppm) of chemical into water to make a
sanitizing solution that it works well and will not damage any equipment
Wash, Rinse and Sanitize:
Using a Dishwasher
When using an industrial dishwasher:
• Temperature of wash water must be
60o C ‐ 71o C (140o F‐160o F)
• Temperature of sanitizing rinse water must be
• 82o C (180o F) for at least 10 seconds in a high temperature dishwasher
• 24o C (75o F) for at least 45 seconds in a low temperature dishwasher.
Chemical sanitizer must be added.
Wash, Rinse and Sanitize:
Using a 3 Compartment Sink
When sanitizing in sink #3 for at least 45 seconds using one of the following
methods:
Use clean hot water at least 77o C (170o F)
OR
Chlorine bleach at least 100 ppm
OR
Quaternary ammonium (quats) at least 200 ppm
OR
Iodine at least 25 ppm
Wash, Rinse and Sanitize:
Using a 2 Compartment Sink
When sanitizing in sink #2 for at least 45 seconds use one of the following
methods:
Use clean hot water at least 77o C (170o F)
OR
Chlorine bleach at least 100 ppm
OR
Quaternary ammonium (quats) at least 200 ppm
OR
Iodine at least 25 ppm
Cleaning and Sanitizing:
Tips for Using Sanitizing Solution
Follow these tips when using a sanitizing solution:
• All sanitizing solutions should be 24o C (75oF) or room temperature so it is
best to use room temperature water to make these solutions
• All three chemical sanitizing solutions should be in contact with the
dishes, utensils, surfaces or equipment for at least 45 seconds
• Mix a fresh batch of sanitizing solution each day and store in labelled
containers
• Use a sanitizer test kit to measure the amount (ppm) of the chemical in
your solution
• Make sure you follow the directions when using the test kit
• if the ppm is too high, add water to the solution
• If the ppm is too low, add more of the chemical
Picture of chlorine sanitizer test kit
Safe Food Handling Practices:
Receiving
To make sure you are
receiving food safely:
• Food must be from government
inspected sources
• Check best before and expiry dates
• Check the temperature of
hazardous foods
• Check all deliveries for signs of
spoilage, damage, dirt, insects and
rodents
Examples of government inspected stamps
• Keep receipts
Safe Food Handling Practices:
Dry Storage
Foods in dry storage must be:
• Kept its original, unopened container or
covered to prevent contamination
• Stored away from chemicals
• Kept at least 15 cm off the floor because:
• 1. it is the law
2. it keeps food dry
3. makes it easier to clean the floor
4. makes it easier to see insects and rodents
Use the First In First Out (FIFO)
method of storing by placing new
supplies behind old supplies so that
the old supplies are used first
Safe Food Handling Practices:
Fridge and Freezer Storage
To store food safely in fridges
and freezers:
• Keep fridges and freezers clean
• Cover, label and date all food items
separately
• Store food that is ready to eat on the
highest shelves
• Store cooked food and food that need to
be reheated on a middle shelves
• Store raw food on the lowest shelves
• Keep all food at least 15 cm (6 inches) off
of the floor
• Keep fridges at 4C (40F) or colder and
freezers at ‐18 C (0F) or colder
Safe Food Handling Practices:
Best Before and Expiry Dates
Best Before Dates
• Required by law on all goods with a shelf life of less than 90 days
• It is the time until a product stored under proper
conditions will stay at its best quality
• Products may still be safe to eat after this
date but the taste, texture and nutrition might decline
• Do not accept food past the best before date
Expiry Dates
• It is not recommended to consume or use the item after the expiry date.
Example: vitamins, formula
Safe Food Handling Practices:
Storing Chemicals
To store chemicals safely:
• Store cleaning supplies separate and away from food
• Store in original labeled container, tightly closed
• Clean up any spills as soon as possible
• Wash hands before and after handling chemicals
• Know what to do in case of an emergency
Safe Food Handling Practices:
Defrosting/Thawing Hazardous Food
To safely defrost hazardous food, use one of the following
three methods:
For holding foods at cold temperatures:
• Food being kept cold must have an internal temperature of 4C (40F) or
colder before it is placed into a cold holding unit
• Use safe cold holding equipment including refrigerators, salad bars, display
coolers, stainless steel pans on ice and ice packs
Safe Food Handling Practices:
Cooling
Hazardous food must be cooled to
an internal temperature of 4C
(40F) or colder in less than 2 hours.
Before placing hot food into a refrigerator or
freezer, use the following safe food handling
practices to cool food safely:
• Divide food into smaller amounts
• Place into shallow metal pans and stir
often to let heat escape
• Place pots/pans into ice baths and stir
HACCP: A Food Safety System
Hazard HACCP stands for Hazard Analysis
Analysis Critical Control Point
Critical HACCP is a food safety system that:
Control identifies food safety risks and the
Point safe food handling practices (also
called Critical Control Points) that
will keep food safe
creates a list of specific instructions
for staff to safely handle food
Using a HACCP audit, a Public Health
Inspector will make sure that the food is
being prepared safely
Personal Hygiene
Remember the safest way to prevent people‐to‐food
contamination is to practice good personal hygiene
Practice hand washing in a separate hand washing
sink
If you are sick, do not work with food
Avoid: coughing near food,
smoking near food, putting
fingers in mouth, nose, hair;
sneezing near food, scratching;
chewing gum
Taking Care of a Food Premises
Lighting in a food premises must be bright enough for food handlers
to see what they are doing and clean properly
Ventilation is needed in a food premises over cooking and
dishwashing equipment and in every washroom to remove heat,
steam, condensation, smoke, and smells
Walls, ceilings and floors must be made of strong and well‐fitted
material that is in good condition and easy to clean
Live birds and animals are not allowed in a food premises, with a few
exceptions
Taking Care of a Food Premises:
Emergencies
There are 4 main types of Emergencies:
•Power Failures
•Flood/Sewage back ups
•Water disruption
•Fires
In the case of any of the 4 emergencies, close your food
premises immediately and call your Public Health
Inspector. The Inspector will give you white Closed
sign to post at the entrance of your food premises. A
voluntary closure will not appear on FoodCheck Peel.
Pest Control
A pest infestation can cause the food
premises to be closed by a Public Health
Inspector
The main problem with pests is that they can spread
pathogens to food and food contact surfaces
The three pests that cause the most problems for
food premises are cockroaches, flies and rodents
Some ways to prevent pest problems in food
premises include:
keeping them out
knowing the signs of pests
getting treatment from a licensed pest control
operator
and removing pest homes
Review Questions
Why do we store food 15cm above
the floor?
It is the law
Makes it easier to clean the floor
Makes it easier to see insects and
rodents
Review Questions
What temperature is the danger zone?
4°C ‐ 60°C
What do microorganisms need
to live and grow?
1) Food
2) Warm temperatures
3) Time
What type of law is the Food Premises
Regulation?
Provincial
What do you use this to check the internal
temperature of food?
An internal probe thermometer.
What does HACCP stand for?
Hazard
Analysis
Critical
Control
Point
What does FIFO stand for?
First In First Out